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Adorjan I, Sun B, Feher V, Tyler T, Veres D, Chance SA, Szele FG. Evidence for Decreased Density of Calretinin-Immunopositive Neurons in the Caudate Nucleus in Patients With Schizophrenia. Front Neuroanat 2020; 14:581685. [PMID: 33281566 PMCID: PMC7691639 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2020.581685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCH) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) share several common aetiological and symptomatic features suggesting they may be included in a common spectrum. For example, recent results suggest that excitatory/inhibitory imbalance is relevant in the etiology of SCH and ASD. Numerous studies have investigated this imbalance in regions like the ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). However, relatively little is known about neuroanatomical changes that could reduce inhibition in subcortical structures, such as the caudate nucleus (CN), in neuropsychiatric disorders. We recently showed a significant decrease in calretinin-immunopositive (CR-ip) interneuronal density in the CN of patients with ASD without significant change in the density of neuropeptide Y-immunopositive (NPY-ip) neurons. These subtypes together constitute more than 50% of caudate interneurons and are likely necessary for maintaining excitatory/inhibitory balance. Consequently, and since SCH and ASD share characteristic features, here we tested the hypothesis, that the density of CR-ip neurons in the CN is decreased in patients with SCH. We used immunohistochemistry and qPCR for CR and NPY in six patients with schizophrenia and six control subjects. As expected, small, medium and large CR-ip interneurons were detected in the CN. We found a 38% decrease in the density of all CR-ip interneurons (P < 0.01) that was driven by the loss of the small CR-ip interneurons (P < 0.01) in patients with SCH. The densities of the large CR-ip and of the NPY-ip interneurons were not significantly altered. The lower density detected could have been due to inflammation-induced degeneration. However, the state of microglial activation assessed by quantification of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1)- and transmembrane protein 119 (TMEM119)-immunopositive cells showed no significant difference between patients with SCH and controls. Our results warrant further studies focussing on the role of CR-ip neurons and on the striatum being a possible hub for information selection and regulation of associative cortical fields whose function have been altered in SCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Adorjan
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council (MRC) London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Virginia Feher
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Teadora Tyler
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniel Veres
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Steven A Chance
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Francis G Szele
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Esposito G, Azhari A, Borelli JL. Gene × Environment Interaction in Developmental Disorders: Where Do We Stand and What's Next? Front Psychol 2018; 9:2036. [PMID: 30416467 PMCID: PMC6212589 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the field of psychiatry has witnessed the proliferation of studies on Gene × Environment (G×E) interactions, still limited is the knowledge we possess of G×E interactions regarding developmental disorders. In this perspective paper, we discuss why G×E interaction studies are needed to broaden our knowledge of developmental disorders. We also discuss the different roles of hazardous versus self-generated environmental factors and how these types of factors may differentially engage with an individual's genetic background in predicting a resulting phenotype. Then, we present examplar studies that highlight the role of G×E in predicting atypical developmental trajectories as well as provide insight regarding treatment outcomes. Supported by these examples, we explore the need to move beyond merely examining statistical interactions between genes and the environment, and the motivation to investigate specific genetic susceptibility and environmental contexts that drive developmental disorders. We propose that further parsing of genetic and environmental components is required to fully understand the unique contribution of each factor to the etiology of developmental disorders. Finally, with a greater appreciation of the complexities of G×E interaction, this discussion will converge upon the potential implications for clinical and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Esposito
- Psychology Program, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Atiqah Azhari
- Psychology Program, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jessica L. Borelli
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Gou N, Liu Z, Palaniyappan L, Li M, Pan Y, Chen X, Tao H, Wu G, Ouyang X, Wang Z, Dou T, Xue Z, Pu W. Effects of DISC1 Polymorphisms on Resting-State Spontaneous Neuronal Activity in the Early-Stage of Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:137. [PMID: 29875705 PMCID: PMC5974222 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Localized abnormalities in the synchrony of spontaneous neuronal activity, measured with regional homogeneity (ReHo), has been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and their unaffected siblings. To date, little is known about the genetic influences affecting the spontaneous neuronal activity in SCZ. DISC1, a strong susceptible gene for SCZ, has been implicated in neuronal excitability and synaptic function possibly associated with regional spontaneous neuronal activity. This study aimed to examine the effects of DISC1 variations on the regional spontaneous neuronal activity in SCZ. Methods: Resting-state fMRI data were obtained from 28 SCZ patients and 21 healthy controls (HC) for ReHo analysis. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of DISC1 gene were genotyped using the PCR and direct sequencing. Results: Significant diagnosis × genotype interactions were noted for three SNPs (rs821616, rs821617, and rs2738880). For rs821617, the interactions were localized to the precuneus, basal ganglia and pre-/post-central regions. Significant interactive effects were identified at the temporal and post-central gyri for rs821616 (Ser704Cys) and the inferior temporal gyrus for rs2738880. Furthermore, post-hoc analysis revealed that the DISC1 variations on these SNPs exerted different influences on ReHo between SCZ patients and HC. Conclusion: To our knowledge this is the first study to unpick the influence of DISC1 variations on spontaneous neuronal activity in SCZ; Given the emerging evidence that ReHo is a stable inheritable phenotype for schizophrenia, our findings suggest the DISC1 variations are possibly an inheritable source for the altered ReHo in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningzhi Gou
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Zhening Liu
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Lena Palaniyappan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Biophysics & Robarts and Lawson Research Institutes, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mingding Li
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunzhi Pan
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Haojuan Tao
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Guowei Wu
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Ouyang
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Taotao Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhimin Xue
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Weidan Pu
- Medical Psychological Center, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Rao W, Du X, Zhang Y, Yu Q, Hui L, Yu Y, Kou C, Yin G, Zhu X, Man L, Soares JC, Zhang XY. Association between forkhead-box P2 gene polymorphism and clinical symptoms in chronic schizophrenia in a Chinese population. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 124:891-897. [PMID: 28421313 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The forkhead-box P2 (FOXP2) gene polymorphism has been reported to be involved in the susceptibility to schizophrenia; however, few studies have investigated the association between FOXP2 gene polymorphism and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia. This study investigated whether the FOXP2 gene was associated with the development and symptoms of schizophrenia in relatively genetically homogeneous Chinese population. The FOXP2 rs10447760 polymorphism was genotyped in 1069 schizophrenia inpatients and 410 healthy controls using a case-control design. The patients' psychopathology was assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). We found no significant differences in the genotype and allele distributions between the patient and control groups. Interestingly, we found significant differences in PANSS total, positive symptom, and general psychopathology scores between genotypic subgroups in patients, with the higher score in patients with CC genotype than those with CT genotype (all p < 0.05). After adjusting demographic and clinical variables, the difference still remained significant for the PANSS positive symptom score and general psychopathology (both p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that the FOXP2 rs10447760 polymorphism may not contribute to the development of schizophrenia, but may contribute to the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia among Han Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwang Rao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | | | | | - Qiong Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Li Hui
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaqin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Changgui Kou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | | | | | | | - Jair C Soares
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. .,Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Changping District, Beijing, 100096, China.
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5
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Katz J, d'Albis MA, Boisgontier J, Poupon C, Mangin JF, Guevara P, Duclap D, Hamdani N, Petit J, Monnet D, Le Corvoisier P, Leboyer M, Delorme R, Houenou J. Similar white matter but opposite grey matter changes in schizophrenia and high-functioning autism. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 134:31-9. [PMID: 27105136 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High-functioning autism (HFA) and schizophrenia (SZ) are two of the main neurodevelopmental disorders, sharing several clinical dimensions and risk factors. Their exact relationship is poorly understood, and few studies have directly compared both disorders. Our aim was thus to directly compare neuroanatomy of HFA and SZ using a multimodal MRI design. METHODS We scanned 79 male adult subjects with 3T MRI (23 with HFA, 24 with SZ and 32 healthy controls, with similar non-verbal IQ). We compared them using both diffusion-based whole-brain tractography and T1 voxel-based morphometry. RESULTS HFA and SZ groups exhibited similar white matter alterations in the left fronto-occipital inferior fasciculus with a decrease in generalized fractional anisotropy compared with controls. In grey matter, the HFA group demonstrated bilateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate increases in contrast with prefrontal and left temporal reductions in SZ. CONCLUSION HFA and SZ may share common white matter deficits in long-range connections involved in social functions, but opposite grey matter abnormalities in frontal regions that subserve complex cognitive functions. Our results are consistent with the fronto-occipital underconnectivity theory of HFA and the altered connectivity hypothesis of SZ and suggest the existence of both associated and diametrical liabilities to these two conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Katz
- AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie, DHU PePsy, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, Créteil, France.,Faculté de médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,UNIACT Lab, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin, CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France.,INSERM, U955 Equipe 15 «Psychiatrie Translationnelle», IMRB, Créteil, France
| | - M-A d'Albis
- AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie, DHU PePsy, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, Créteil, France.,Faculté de médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,UNIACT Lab, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin, CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France.,INSERM, U955 Equipe 15 «Psychiatrie Translationnelle», IMRB, Créteil, France
| | - J Boisgontier
- Faculté de médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,UNIACT Lab, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin, CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France.,INSERM, U955 Equipe 15 «Psychiatrie Translationnelle», IMRB, Créteil, France
| | - C Poupon
- UNIRS Lab, Neurospin, CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - J-F Mangin
- UNATI Lab, Neurospin, CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - P Guevara
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - D Duclap
- UNIRS Lab, Neurospin, CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - N Hamdani
- AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie, DHU PePsy, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, Créteil, France.,Faculté de médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955 Equipe 15 «Psychiatrie Translationnelle», IMRB, Créteil, France
| | - J Petit
- AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie, DHU PePsy, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - D Monnet
- AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie, DHU PePsy, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - P Le Corvoisier
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1430, INSERM, Créteil, France.,APHP, GH Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - M Leboyer
- AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie, DHU PePsy, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, Créteil, France.,Faculté de médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955 Equipe 15 «Psychiatrie Translationnelle», IMRB, Créteil, France
| | - R Delorme
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, CNRS URA 2182 'Genes, Synapses and Cognition', Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,APHP, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J Houenou
- AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie, DHU PePsy, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, Créteil, France.,Faculté de médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,UNIACT Lab, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin, CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France.,INSERM, U955 Equipe 15 «Psychiatrie Translationnelle», IMRB, Créteil, France
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