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Carretero VJ, Ramos E, Segura-Chama P, Hernández A, Baraibar AM, Álvarez-Merz I, Muñoz FL, Egea J, Solís JM, Romero A, Hernández-Guijo JM. Non-Excitatory Amino Acids, Melatonin, and Free Radicals: Examining the Role in Stroke and Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1844. [PMID: 37891922 PMCID: PMC10603966 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to explore the relationship between melatonin, free radicals, and non-excitatory amino acids, and their role in stroke and aging. Melatonin has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its diverse physiological functions and potential therapeutic benefits by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Melatonin has been found to mitigate ischemic brain damage caused by stroke. By scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage, melatonin may help slow down the aging process and protect against age-related cognitive decline. Additionally, non-excitatory amino acids have been shown to possess neuroprotective properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in stroke and aging-related conditions. They can attenuate oxidative stress, modulate calcium homeostasis, and inhibit apoptosis, thereby safeguarding neurons against damage induced by stroke and aging processes. The intracellular accumulation of certain non-excitatory amino acids could promote harmful effects during hypoxia-ischemia episodes and thus, the blockade of the amino acid transporters involved in the process could be an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemic damage. On the other hand, the accumulation of free radicals, specifically mitochondrial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, accelerates cellular senescence and contributes to age-related decline. Recent research suggests a complex interplay between melatonin, free radicals, and non-excitatory amino acids in stroke and aging. The neuroprotective actions of melatonin and non-excitatory amino acids converge on multiple pathways, including the regulation of calcium homeostasis, modulation of apoptosis, and reduction of inflammation. These mechanisms collectively contribute to the preservation of neuronal integrity and functions, making them promising targets for therapeutic interventions in stroke and age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Jiménez Carretero
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Segura-Chama
- Investigador por México-CONAHCYT, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Adan Hernández
- Institute of Neurobiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma of México, Juriquilla, Santiago de Querétaro 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Andrés M Baraibar
- Department of Neurosciences, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Barrio Sarriena, s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Iris Álvarez-Merz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López Muñoz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Camilo José Cela, C/Castillo de Alarcón 49, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain
- Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (i + 12), Avda. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Solís
- Neurobiology-Research Service, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M Hernández-Guijo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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2
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Wang Y, Liao G, Wu Y, Wang R, Tang DD. The intermediate filament protein nestin serves as a molecular hub for smooth muscle cytoskeletal signaling. Respir Res 2023; 24:157. [PMID: 37316833 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recruitment of the actin-regulatory proteins cortactin and profilin-1 (Pfn-1) to the membrane is important for the regulation of actin cytoskeletal reorganization and smooth muscle contraction. Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) and the type III intermediate filament protein vimentin are involved in smooth muscle contraction. Regulation of complex cytoskeletal signaling is not entirely elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of nestin (a type VI intermediate filament protein) in cytoskeletal signaling in airway smooth muscle. METHODS Nestin expression in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) was knocked down by specific shRNA or siRNA. The effects of nestin knockdown (KD) on the recruitment of cortactin and Pfn-1, actin polymerization, myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, and contraction were evaluated by cellular and physiological approaches. Moreover, we assessed the effects of non-phosphorylatable nestin mutant on these biological processes. RESULTS Nestin KD reduced the recruitment of cortactin and Pfn-1, actin polymerization, and HASM contraction without affecting MLC phosphorylation. Moreover, contractile stimulation enhanced nestin phosphorylation at Thr-315 and the interaction of nestin with Plk1. Nestin KD also diminished phosphorylation of Plk1 and vimentin. The expression of T315A nestin mutant (alanine substitution at Thr-315) reduced the recruitment of cortactin and Pfn-1, actin polymerization, and HASM contraction without affecting MLC phosphorylation. Furthermore, Plk1 KD diminished nestin phosphorylation at this residue. CONCLUSIONS Nestin is an essential macromolecule that regulates actin cytoskeletal signaling via Plk1 in smooth muscle. Plk1 and nestin form an activation loop during contractile stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinna Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Guoning Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Yidi Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Ruping Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Dale D Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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3
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Akbarzadeh R, Müller A, Humrich JY, Riemekasten G. When natural antibodies become pathogenic: autoantibodies targeted against G protein-coupled receptors in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1213804. [PMID: 37359516 PMCID: PMC10285309 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1213804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic, multisystem connective tissue, and autoimmune disease with the highest case-specific mortality and complications among rheumatic diseases. It is characterized by complex and variable features such as autoimmunity and inflammation, vasculopathy, and fibrosis, which pose challenges in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease. Among the large variety of autoantibodies (Abs) present in the sera of patients suffering from SSc, functionally active Abs against G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the most abundant integral membrane proteins, have drawn much attention over the last decades. These Abs play an essential role in regulating the immune system, and their functions are dysregulated in diverse pathological conditions. Emerging evidence indicates that functional Abs targeting GPCRs, such as angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and the endothelin-1 type A receptor (ETAR), are altered in SSc. These Abs are part of a network with several GPCR Abs, such as those directed to the chemokine receptors or coagulative thrombin receptors. In this review, we summarize the effects of Abs against GPCRs in SSc pathologies. Extending the knowledge on pathophysiological roles of Abs against GPCRs could provide insights into a better understanding of GPCR contribution to SSc pathogenesis and therefore help in developing potential therapeutic strategies that intervene with pathological functions of these receptors.
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4
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St Paul A, Corbett C, Peluzzo A, Kelemen S, Okune R, Haines DS, Preston K, Eguchi S, Autieri MV. FXR1 regulates vascular smooth muscle cell cytoskeleton, VSMC contractility, and blood pressure by multiple mechanisms. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112381. [PMID: 37043351 PMCID: PMC10564969 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate cytoskeletal organization is essential for vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) conditions such as hypertension. This study identifies FXR1 as a key protein linking cytoskeletal dynamics with mRNA stability. RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP-seq) in human VSMCs identifies that FXR1 binds to mRNA associated with cytoskeletal dynamics, and FXR1 depletion decreases their mRNA stability. FXR1 binds and regulates actin polymerization. Mass spectrometry identifies that FXR1 interacts with cytoskeletal proteins, particularly Arp2, a protein crucial for VSMC contraction, and CYFIP1, a WASP family verprolin-homologous protein (WAVE) regulatory complex (WRC) protein that links mRNA processing with actin polymerization. Depletion of FXR1 decreases the cytoskeletal processes of adhesion, migration, contraction, and GTPase activation. Using telemetry, conditional FXR1SMC/SMC mice have decreased blood pressure and an abundance of cytoskeletal-associated transcripts. This indicates that FXR1 is a muscle-enhanced WRC modulatory protein that regulates VSMC cytoskeletal dynamics by regulation of cytoskeletal mRNA stability and actin polymerization and cytoskeletal protein-protein interactions, which can regulate blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda St Paul
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Cali Corbett
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Amanda Peluzzo
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Sheri Kelemen
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Rachael Okune
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Dale S Haines
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kyle Preston
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Michael V Autieri
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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5
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Davis MJ, Earley S, Li YS, Chien S. Vascular mechanotransduction. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1247-1421. [PMID: 36603156 PMCID: PMC9942936 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00053.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical stimuli and transduction of mechanical signals that result in the acute functional modulation and longer-term transcriptomic and epigenetic regulation of blood vessels. The mechanosensors discussed include ion channels, plasma membrane-associated structures and receptors, and junction proteins. The mechanosignaling pathways presented include the cytoskeleton, integrins, extracellular matrix, and intracellular signaling molecules. These are followed by discussions on mechanical regulation of transcriptome and epigenetics, relevance of mechanotransduction to health and disease, and interactions between VSMCs and ECs. Throughout this review, we offer suggestions for specific topics that require further understanding. In the closing section on conclusions and perspectives, we summarize what is known and point out the need to treat the vasculature as a system, including not only VSMCs and ECs but also the extracellular matrix and other types of cells such as resident macrophages and pericytes, so that we can fully understand the physiology and pathophysiology of the blood vessel as a whole, thus enhancing the comprehension, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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6
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Wang HQ, Meng XY, Zhang JM, Chen JY, Zhang BH, Wu FX. Alterations of actin cytoskeleton and arterial protein level in patients with obstructive jaundice. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20210419. [PMID: 36098487 PMCID: PMC9469107 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular hypo-responsiveness to vasopressors in patients with obstructive jaundice (OJ) is a common anesthetic event, which leads to perioperative complications and increased mortality. The cause of this clinical issue remains unclear. In this study, we estimated the actin cytoskeleton and arterial protein level in the artery of OJ patients by proteomic analysis. Ten patients with OJ due to bile duct diseases or pancreatic head carcinoma were enrolled, while another ten non-jaundice patients with chronic cholecystitis or liver hemangioma as the control group. Vascular reactivity to noradrenaline was measured before anesthesia on the day of surgery. Artery samples in adjacent tissues of removed tumor were collected and evaluated by 2-dimensional electrophoresis. Proteins with differential expression were detected by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry with immunoblot confirmation. The results confirmed the phenomenon of vascular hypo-reactivity in OJ patients as suppressed aortic response to noradrenaline were existed in these patients. We also found that actin cytoskeleton and several actin-binding proteins were up- or down-regulated in the artery of OJ patients. These proteins changed in OJ patents might be the basic mechanism of vascular hypo-reactivity, further studies to uncover the role of these proteins in OJ is critical for clinical treatment of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qian Wang
- Naval Medical University, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai, China.,First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong Jinan, Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Meng
- Naval Medical University, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Min Zhang
- Naval Medical University, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Ying Chen
- Naval Medical University, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bao-Hua Zhang
- Naval Medical University, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Department of Biliary Tract Surgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Wu
- Naval Medical University, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai, China
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7
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Wilde C, Mitgau J, Suchý T, Schoeneberg T, Liebscher I. Translating the Force - mechano-sensing GPCRs. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C1047-C1060. [PMID: 35417266 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00465.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Incorporating mechanical cues into cellular responses allows us to experience our direct environment. Specialized cells can perceive and discriminate between different physical properties such as level of vibration, temperature, or pressure. Mechanical forces are abundant signals that also shape general cellular responses such as cytoskeletal rearrangement, differentiation, or migration and contribute to tissue development and function. The molecular structures that perceive and transduce mechanical forces are specialized cytoskeletal proteins, cell junction molecules, and membrane proteins such as ion channels and metabotropic receptors. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have attracted attention as metabotropic force receptors as they are among the most important drug targets. This review summarizes the function of mechano-sensitive GPCRs, specifically, the angiotensin II type 1 receptor and adrenergic, apelin, histamine, parathyroid hormone 1, and orphan receptors, focusing particularly on the advanced knowledge gained from adhesion-type GPCRs. We distinguish between shear stress and cell swelling/stretch as the two major types of mechano-activation of these receptors and contemplate the potential contribution of the force-from-lipid and force-from-tether models that have previously been suggested for ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Wilde
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Jakob Mitgau
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Tomás Suchý
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Torsten Schoeneberg
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Ines Liebscher
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Germany
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8
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Sancho M, Fletcher J, Welsh DG. Inward Rectifier Potassium Channels: Membrane Lipid-Dependent Mechanosensitive Gates in Brain Vascular Cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:869481. [PMID: 35419431 PMCID: PMC8995785 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.869481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral arteries contain two primary and interacting cell types, smooth muscle (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), which are each capable of sensing particular hemodynamic forces to set basal tone and brain perfusion. These biomechanical stimuli help confer tone within arterial networks upon which local neurovascular stimuli function. Tone development is intimately tied to arterial membrane potential (VM) and changes in intracellular [Ca2+] driven by voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs). Arterial VM is in turn set by the dynamic interplay among ion channel species, the strongly inward rectifying K+ (Kir) channel being of special interest. Kir2 channels possess a unique biophysical signature in that they strongly rectify, display negative slope conductance, respond to elevated extracellular K+ and are blocked by micromolar Ba2+. While functional Kir2 channels are expressed in both smooth muscle and endothelium, they lack classic regulatory control, thus are often viewed as a simple background conductance. Recent literature has provided new insight, with two membrane lipids, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and cholesterol, noted to (1) stabilize Kir2 channels in a preferred open or closed state, respectively, and (2) confer, in association with the cytoskeleton, caveolin-1 (Cav1) and syntrophin, hemodynamic sensitivity. It is these aspects of vascular Kir2 channels that will be the primary focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sancho
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Maria Sancho,
| | - Jacob Fletcher
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Donald G. Welsh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Donald G. Welsh,
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9
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Construction of adenovirus vector expressing duck sclerostin and its induction effect on myogenic proliferation and differentiation in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3187-3196. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Zheng H, Li X, Zeng X, Huang C, Ma M, Lv X, Zhang Y, Sun L, Wang G, Du Y, Guan Y. TMEM16A inhibits angiotensin II-induced basilar artery smooth muscle cell migration in a WNK1-dependent manner. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3994-4007. [PMID: 35024321 PMCID: PMC8727780 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. We recently showed that TMEM16A is involved in hypertension-induced cerebrovascular remodeling. However, it is unclear whether this effect is related to the regulation of VSMC migration. Here, we investigated whether and how TMEM16A contributes to migration in basilar artery smooth muscle cells (BASMCs). We observed that AngII increased the migration of cultured BASMCs, which was markedly inhibited by overexpression of TMEM16A. TMEM16A overexpression inhibited AngII-induced RhoA/ROCK2 activation, and myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) and myosin light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation. But AngII-induced myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activation was not affected by TMEM16A. Furthermore, a suppressed activation of integrinβ3/FAK pathway, determined by reduced integrinβ3 expression, FAK phosphorylation and F-actin rearrangement, was observed in TMEM16A-overexpressing BASMCs upon AngII stimulation. Contrary to the results of TMEM16A overexpression, silencing of TMEM16A showed the opposite effects. These in vitro results were further demonstrated in vivo in basilar arteries from VSMC-specific TMEM16A transgenic mice during AngII-induced hypertension. Moreover, we observed that the inhibitory effect of TMEM16A on BASMC migration was mediated by decreasing the activation of WNK1, a Cl--sensitive serine/threonine kinase. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that TMEM16A suppressed AngII-induced BASMC migration, thus contributing to the protection against cerebrovascular remodeling during AngII-infused hypertension. TMEM16A may exert this effect by suppressing the RhoA/ROCK2/MLCP/MLC20 and integrinβ3/FAK signaling pathways via inhibiting WNK1. Our results suggest that TMEM16A may serve as a novel therapeutic target for VSMC migration-related diseases, such as vascular remodeling.
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Key Words
- AngII, angiotensin II
- BASMCs, basilar artery smooth muscle cells
- CaCC, Ca2+-activated chloride channel
- F-actin, filamentous actin
- FAK
- FAK, focal adhesion kinase
- Hypertension
- Integrin
- MLC20, myosin light chain 20
- MLCK, myosin light chain kinase
- MLCP, myosin light chain phosphates
- MYPT1, myosin phosphatase target subunit 1
- RhoA/ROCK
- SMTg, smooth muscle-specific TMEM16A transgenic mice
- TMEM16A
- VSMC migration
- VSMCs, vascular smooth muscle cells
- Vascular remodeling
- WNK1
- WNK1, with-no-lysine kinase 1
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac & Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chengcui Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac & Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mingming Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac & Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaofei Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac & Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac & Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac & Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guanlei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac & Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yanhua Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac & Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yongyuan Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac & Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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11
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Negi P, Cheke RS, Patil VM. Recent advances in pharmacological diversification of Src family kinase inhibitors. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Src kinase, a nonreceptor protein-tyrosine kinase is composed of 11 members (in human) and is involved in a wide variety of essential functions required to sustain cellular homeostasis and survival.
Main body of the abstract
Deregulated activity of Src family kinase is related to malignant transformation. In 2001, Food and Drug Administration approved imatinib for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia followed by approval of various other inhibitors from this category as effective therapeutics for cancer patients. In the past decade, Src family kinase has been investigated for the treatment of diverse pathologies in addition to cancer. In this regard, we provide a systematic evaluation of Src kinase regarding its mechanistic role in cancer and other diseases. Here we comment on preclinical and clinical success of Src kinase inhibitors in cancer followed by diabetes, hypertension, tuberculosis, and inflammation.
Short conclusion
Studies focusing on the diversified role of Src kinase as potential therapeutical target for the development of medicinally active agents might produce significant advances in the management of not only various types of cancer but also other diseases which are in demand for potent and safe therapeutics.
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12
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Chiang HY, Chu PH, Chen SC, Lee TH. MFG-E8 Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through Dose-Dependent Mediation of Actin Polymerization. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020870. [PMID: 34041925 PMCID: PMC8483510 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.020870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is the main contributor to neointimal formation. The Arp2/3 (actin-related proteins 2 and 3) complex activates actin polymerization and is involved in lamellipodia formation during VSMC migration. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a glycoprotein expressed in VSMCs. We hypothesized that MFG-E8 regulates VSMC migration through modulation of Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization. Methods and Results To determine whether MFG-E8 is essential for VSMC migration, a model of neointimal hyperplasia was induced in the common carotid artery of wild-type and MFG-E8 knockout mice, and the extent of neointimal formation was evaluated. Genetic deletion of MFG-E8 in mice attenuated injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. Cultured VSMCs deficient in MFG-E8 exhibited decreased cell migration. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting revealed decreased Arp2 but not Arp3 expression in the common carotid arteries and VSMCs deficient in MFG-E8. Exogenous administration of recombinant MFG-E8 biphasically and dose-dependently regulated the cultured VSMCs. At a low concentration, MFG-E8 upregulated Arp2 expression. By contrast, MFG-E8 at a high concentration reduced the Arp2 level and significantly attenuated actin assembly. Arp2 upregulation mediated by low-dose MFG-E8 was abolished by treating cultured VSMCs with β1 integrin function-blocking antibody and Rac1 inhibitors. Moreover, treatment of the artery with a high dose of recombinant MFG-E8 diminished injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia and reduced VSMC migration. Conclusions MFG-E8 plays a critical role in VSMC migration through dose-dependent regulation of Arp2-mediated actin polymerization. These findings suggest that high doses of MFG-E8 may have therapeutic potential for treating vascular occlusive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Yu Chiang
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan.,College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chi Chen
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hein Lee
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan
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13
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Morales-Quinones M, Ramirez-Perez FI, Foote CA, Ghiarone T, Ferreira-Santos L, Bloksgaard M, Spencer N, Kimchi ET, Manrique-Acevedo C, Padilla J, Martinez-Lemus LA. LIMK (LIM Kinase) Inhibition Prevents Vasoconstriction- and Hypertension-Induced Arterial Stiffening and Remodeling. Hypertension 2020; 76:393-403. [PMID: 32594801 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Increased arterial stiffness and vascular remodeling precede and are consequences of hypertension. They also contribute to the development and progression of life-threatening cardiovascular diseases. Yet, there are currently no agents specifically aimed at preventing or treating arterial stiffening and remodeling. Previous research indicates that vascular smooth muscle actin polymerization participates in the initial stages of arterial stiffening and remodeling and that LIMK (LIM kinase) promotes F-actin formation and stabilization via cofilin phosphorylation and consequent inactivation. Herein, we hypothesize that LIMK inhibition is able to prevent vasoconstriction- and hypertension-associated arterial stiffening and inward remodeling. We found that small visceral arteries isolated from hypertensive subjects are stiffer and have greater cofilin phosphorylation than those from nonhypertensives. We also show that LIMK inhibition prevents arterial stiffening and inward remodeling in isolated human small visceral arteries exposed to prolonged vasoconstriction. Using cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, we determined that LIMK inhibition prevents vasoconstrictor agonists from increasing cofilin phosphorylation, F-actin volume, and cell cortex stiffness. We further show that localized LIMK inhibition prevents arteriolar inward remodeling in hypertensive mice. This indicates that hypertension is associated with increased vascular smooth muscle cofilin phosphorylation, cytoskeletal stress fiber formation, and heightened arterial stiffness. Our data further suggest that pharmacological inhibition of LIMK prevents vasoconstriction-induced arterial stiffening, in part, via reductions in vascular smooth muscle F-actin content and cellular stiffness. Accordingly, LIMK inhibition should represent a promising therapeutic means to stop the progression of arterial stiffening and remodeling in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Morales-Quinones
- From the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (M.M.-Q., F.I.R.-P., C.A.F., T.G., L.F.-S., C.M.-A., J.P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Francisco I Ramirez-Perez
- From the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (M.M.-Q., F.I.R.-P., C.A.F., T.G., L.F.-S., C.M.-A., J.P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.,Department of Biological Engineering (F.I.R.-P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Christopher A Foote
- From the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (M.M.-Q., F.I.R.-P., C.A.F., T.G., L.F.-S., C.M.-A., J.P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Thaysa Ghiarone
- From the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (M.M.-Q., F.I.R.-P., C.A.F., T.G., L.F.-S., C.M.-A., J.P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Larissa Ferreira-Santos
- From the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (M.M.-Q., F.I.R.-P., C.A.F., T.G., L.F.-S., C.M.-A., J.P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.,Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (L.F.-S.)
| | - Maria Bloksgaard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense (M.B.)
| | | | - Eric T Kimchi
- Department of Surgery (E.T.K.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO (E.T.K., C.M.-A.)
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- From the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (M.M.-Q., F.I.R.-P., C.A.F., T.G., L.F.-S., C.M.-A., J.P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (C.M.-A.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO (E.T.K., C.M.-A.)
| | - Jaume Padilla
- From the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (M.M.-Q., F.I.R.-P., C.A.F., T.G., L.F.-S., C.M.-A., J.P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- From the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (M.M.-Q., F.I.R.-P., C.A.F., T.G., L.F.-S., C.M.-A., J.P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.,Department of Biological Engineering (F.I.R.-P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
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14
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Wang L, Chitano P, Seow CY. Mechanopharmacology of Rho-kinase antagonism in airway smooth muscle and potential new therapy for asthma. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104995. [PMID: 32534100 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The principle of mechanopharmacology of airway smooth muscle (ASM) is based on the premise that physical agitation, such as pressure oscillation applied to an airway, is able to induce bronchodilation by reducing contractility and softening the cytoskeleton of ASM. Although the underlying mechanism is not entirely clear, there is evidence to suggest that large-amplitude stretches are able to disrupt the actomyosin interaction in the crossbridge cycle and weaken the cytoskeleton in ASM cells. Rho-kinase is known to enhance force generation and strengthen structural integrity of the cytoskeleton during smooth muscle activation and plays a key role in the maintenance of force during prolonged muscle contractions. Synergy in relaxation has been observed when the muscle is subject to oscillatory length change while Rho-kinase is pharmacologically inhibited. In this review, inhibition of Rho-kinase coupled to therapeutic pressure oscillation applied to the airways is explored as a combination treatment for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- The Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Pasquale Chitano
- The Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chun Y Seow
- The Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Canada
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15
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Ashry NA, Abdеlaziz RR, Suddеk GM. The potential effect of imatinib against hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction and hepatic injury in rabbits. Life Sci 2020; 243:117275. [PMID: 31926242 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Imatinib is an effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor which has different therapeutic actions. The recent work demonstrated the possible beneficial effects of imatinib on the progression of atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and hypercholesterolemia-associated liver damage in rabbits. MAIN METHODS Animals had been distributed in 4 groups: group 1 (non-treated): animals fed regular diet; group 2 high cholesterol [HC]: animals fed 1% cholesterol supplemented diet for 30 days; group 3 (HC-Imatinib): animals fed 1% cholesterol supplemented diet+imatinib (0.01 g/kg daily, p.o) for 30 days; group 4 (Imatinib): animals fed regular diet with imatinib (0.01 g/kg daily, p.o). After thirty days, tissue samples and blood were isolated to be detected biochemically, histologically, and for in vitro analysis. KEY FINDINGS HC exhibited significant elevations in serum lipid parameters, CRP, ALT, AST and ALP. Additionally, HC induced significant increases for aortic and hepatic MDA, aortic NO and hepatic PDGFR-β, while significantly exhibited reductions in aortic and hepatic GSH, SOD and hepatic PPARγ1. Moreover, HC produced impairment in ACh-enhanced aortic relaxation and aortic pathological changes. Histopathological examination of HC-fed rabbits revealed hepatic steatosis compared with non-treated group. Imatinib administration exhibited significant decreases in serum lipid parameters, CRP, ALT, AST and ALP. Additionally, imatinib induced significant decreases for aortic and hepatic MDA, aortic NO and hepatic PDGFR-β, while significantly exhibited elevations in aortic and hepatic GSH, SOD and hepatic PPARγ1 compared with HC animals. Furthermore, imatinib significantly protected against HC produced attenuation in ACh-induced aortic relaxation and pathological changes in aortic and hepatic tissues. Interestingly, imatinib could return serum CRP, ALP, hepatic SOD and PDGFR-β to basal values. SIGNIFICANCE The recent observation reports that imatinib could have beneficial effect against atherosclerosis progression, vascular malfunction, and liver damage in high cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora A Ashry
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania R Abdеlaziz
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Ghada M Suddеk
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
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16
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Rieg AD, Bünting NA, Cranen C, Suleiman S, Spillner JW, Schnöring H, Schröder T, von Stillfried S, Braunschweig T, Manley PW, Schälte G, Rossaint R, Uhlig S, Martin C. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors relax pulmonary arteries in human and murine precision-cut lung slices. Respir Res 2019; 20:111. [PMID: 31170998 PMCID: PMC6555704 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) inhibit the platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and gain increasing significance in the therapy of proliferative diseases, e.g. pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Moreover, TKIs relax pulmonary vessels of rats and guinea pigs. So far, it is unknown, whether TKIs exert relaxation in human and murine pulmonary vessels. Thus, we studied the effects of TKIs and the PDGFR-agonist PDGF-BB in precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) from both species. METHODS The vascular effects of imatinib (mice/human) or nilotinib (human) were studied in Endothelin-1 (ET-1) pre-constricted pulmonary arteries (PAs) or veins (PVs) by videomicroscopy. Baseline initial vessel area (IVA) was defined as 100%. With regard to TKI-induced relaxation, K+-channel activation was studied in human PAs (PCLS) and imatinib/nilotinib-related changes of cAMP and cGMP were analysed in human PAs/PVs (ELISA). Finally, the contractile potency of PDGF-BB was explored in PCLS (mice/human). RESULTS Murine PCLS: Imatinib (10 μM) relaxed ET-1-pre-constricted PAs to 167% of IVA. Vice versa, 100 nM PDGF-BB contracted PAs to 60% of IVA and pre-treatment with imatinib or amlodipine prevented PDGF-BB-induced contraction. Murine PVs reacted only slightly to imatinib or PDGF-BB. Human PCLS: 100 μM imatinib or nilotinib relaxed ET-1-pre-constricted PAs to 166% or 145% of IVA, respectively, due to the activation of KATP-, BKCa2+- or Kv-channels. In PVs, imatinib exerted only slight relaxation and nilotinib had no effect. Imatinib and nilotinib increased cAMP in human PAs, but not in PVs. In addition, PDGF-BB contracted human PAs/PVs, which was prevented by imatinib. CONCLUSIONS TKIs relax pre-constricted PAs/PVs from both, mice and humans. In human PAs, the activation of K+-channels and the generation of cAMP are relevant for TKI-induced relaxation. Vice versa, PDGF-BB contracts PAs/PVs (human/mice) due to PDGFR. In murine PAs, PDGF-BB-induced contraction depends on intracellular calcium. So, PDGFR regulates the tone of PAs/PVs. Since TKIs combine relaxant and antiproliferative effects, they may be promising in therapy of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette D Rieg
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Nina A Bünting
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Cranen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Said Suleiman
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan W Spillner
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Heike Schnöring
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schröder
- Department of Surgery, Luisenhospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Till Braunschweig
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Gereon Schälte
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rolf Rossaint
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Uhlig
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Martin
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Aachen, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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17
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Li J, Zou Y, Li Z, Jiu Y. Joining actions: crosstalk between intermediate filaments and actin orchestrates cellular physical dynamics and signaling. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 62:1368-1374. [PMID: 31098891 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many key cellular functions are regulated by the interplay of three distinct cytoskeletal networks, made of actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs), which is a hitherto poorly investigated area of research. However, there are growing evidence in the last few years showing that the IFs cooperate with actin filaments to exhibit strongly coupled functions. This review recapitulates our current knowledge on how the crosstalk between IFs and actin filaments modulates the migration properties, mechano-responsiveness and signaling transduction of cells, from both biophysical and biochemical point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yun Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhifang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yaming Jiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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18
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Lauf PK, Sharma N, Adragna NC. Kinetic studies of K-Cl cotransport in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 316:C274-C284. [PMID: 30649919 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00002.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During aging, and development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) transition from healthy contractile to diseased synthetic phenotypes. K-Cl cotransport (KCC) maintains cell volume and ion homeostasis in growth and differentiation, and hence is important for VSMC proliferation and migration. Therefore, KCC activity may play a role in the contractile-to-synthetic VSMC phenotypic transition. Early, medium, and late synthetic passage VSMCs were tested for specific cytoskeletal protein expression. KCC-mediated ouabain- and bumetanide-insensitive Rb+ (a K+ congener) influx was determined as Cl--dependent Rb+ influx at different external Rb+ and Cl- ion concentrations, [Rb+]o and [Cl-]o. Expressions of the cytoskeletal proteins α-actin, vimentin, and desmin fell from early through late synthetic VSMCs. KCC kinetic parameters, such as maximum velocity ( Vm), and apparent Cl- and Rb+ affinities ( Km), were calculated with Lineweaver-Burk, Hanes-Woolf, and Hill approximations. Vm values of both Rb+- and Cl--dependent influxes were of equal magnitude, commensurate with a KCC stoichiometry of unity, and rose threefold from early to late synthetic VSMCs. Hill coefficients for Rb+ and Cl- correlated with cell passage number, suggesting increased KCC ligand cooperativity. However, Km values for [Cl-]o were strikingly bimodal with 60-80 mM in early, ~20-30 mM in medium, and 60 mM in late passage cells. In contrast, Km values for [Rb+]o remained steady at ~17 mM. Since total KCC isoform expression was similar with cell passage, structure/function changes of the KCC signalosome may accompany the transition of aortic VSMCs from a healthy to a diseased phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Lauf
- The Cell Biophysics Group, Wright State University , Dayton, Ohio
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University , Dayton, Ohio
- Department of Pathology, Wright State University , Dayton, Ohio
- Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University , Dayton, Ohio
| | - Neelima Sharma
- The Cell Biophysics Group, Wright State University , Dayton, Ohio
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University , Dayton, Ohio
- Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University , Dayton, Ohio
| | - Norma C Adragna
- The Cell Biophysics Group, Wright State University , Dayton, Ohio
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University , Dayton, Ohio
- Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University , Dayton, Ohio
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19
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Tang DD, Liao G, Gerlach BD. Reorganization of the Vimentin Network in Smooth Muscle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 2:0108011-108015. [PMID: 32328567 DOI: 10.1115/1.4042313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vimentin intermediate filaments (IFs) link to desmosomes (intercellular junctions) on the membrane and dense bodies in the cytoplasm, which provides a structural base for intercellular and intracellular force transmission in smooth muscle. There is evidence to suggest that the vimentin framework plays an important role in mediating smooth muscle mechanical properties such as tension and contractile responses. Contractile activation induces vimentin phosphorylation at Ser-56 and vimentin network reorientation, facilitating contractile force transmission among and within smooth muscle cells. p21-activated kinase 1 and polo-like kinase 1 catalyze vimentin phosphorylation at Ser-56, whereas type 1 protein phosphatase dephosphorylates vimentin at this residue. Vimentin filaments are also involved in other cell functions including migration and nuclear positioning. This review recapitulates our current knowledge how the vimentin network modulates mechanical and biological properties of smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale D Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY 12118 e-mail:
| | - Guoning Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY 12118
| | - Brennan D Gerlach
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY 12118
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20
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Mahavadi S, Nalli AD, Wang H, Kendig DM, Crowe MS, Lyall V, Grider JR, Murthy KS. Regulation of gastric smooth muscle contraction via Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent actin polymerization. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209359. [PMID: 30571746 PMCID: PMC6301582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In gastrointestinal smooth muscle, acetylcholine induced muscle contraction is biphasic, initial peak followed by sustained contraction. Contraction is regulated by phosphorylation of 20 kDa myosin light chain (MLC) at Ser19, interaction of actin and myosin, and actin polymerization. The present study characterized the signaling mechanisms involved in actin polymerization during initial and sustained muscle contraction in response to muscarinic M3 receptor activation in gastric smooth muscle cells by targeting the effectors of initial (phospholipase C (PLC)-β/Ca2+ pathway) and sustained (RhoA/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Rho kinase pathway) contraction. The initial Ca2+ dependent contraction and actin polymerization is mediated by sequential activation of PLC-β1 via Gαq, IP3 formation, Ca2+ release and Ca2+ dependent phosphorylation of proline-rich-tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) at Tyr402. The sustained Ca2+ independent contraction and actin polymerization is mediated by activation of RhoA, and phosphorylation of FAK at Tyr397. Both phosphorylation of Pyk2 and FAK leads to phosphorylation of paxillin at Tyr118 and association of phosphorylated paxillin with the GEF proteins p21-activated kinase (PAK) interacting exchange factor α, β (α and β PIX) and DOCK 180. These GEF proteins stimulate Cdc42 leading to the activation of nucleation promoting factor N-WASP (neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein), which interacts with actin related protein complex 2/3 (Arp2/3) to induce actin polymerization and muscle contraction. Acetylcholine induced muscle contraction is inhibited by actin polymerization inhibitors. Thus, our results suggest that a novel mechanism for the regulation of smooth muscle contraction is mediated by actin polymerization in gastrointestinal smooth muscle which is independent of MLC20 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunila Mahavadi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ancy D. Nalli
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Derek M. Kendig
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Molly S. Crowe
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Vijay Lyall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - John R. Grider
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Karnam S. Murthy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
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21
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Rieg AD, Suleiman S, Anker C, Verjans E, Rossaint R, Uhlig S, Martin C. PDGF-BB regulates the pulmonary vascular tone: impact of prostaglandins, calcium, MAPK- and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling and actin polymerisation in pulmonary veins of guinea pigs. Respir Res 2018; 19:120. [PMID: 29921306 PMCID: PMC6009037 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0829-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB and its receptor PDGFR are highly expressed in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and mediate proliferation. Recently, we showed that PDGF-BB contracts pulmonary veins (PVs) and that this contraction is prevented by inhibition of PDGFR-β (imatinib/SU6668). Here, we studied PDGF-BB-induced contraction and downstream-signalling in isolated perfused lungs (IPL) and precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) of guinea pigs (GPs). Methods In IPLs, PDGF-BB was perfused after or without pre-treatment with imatinib (perfused/nebulised), the effects on the pulmonary arterial pressure (PPA), the left atrial pressure (PLA) and the capillary pressure (Pcap) were studied and the precapillary (Rpre) and postcapillary resistance (Rpost) were calculated. Perfusate samples were analysed (ELISA) to detect the PDGF-BB-induced release of prostaglandin metabolites (TXA2/PGI2). In PCLS, the contractile effect of PDGF-BB was evaluated in pulmonary arteries (PAs) and PVs. In PVs, PDGF-BB-induced contraction was studied after inhibition of PDGFR-α/β, L-Type Ca2+-channels, ROCK/PKC, prostaglandin receptors, MAP2K, p38-MAPK, PI3K-α/γ, AKT/PKB, actin polymerisation, adenyl cyclase and NO. Changes of the vascular tone were measured by videomicroscopy. In PVs, intracellular cAMP was measured by ELISA. Results In IPLs, PDGF-BB increased PPA, Pcap and Rpost. In contrast, PDGF-BB had no effect if lungs were pre-treated with imatinib (perfused/nebulised). In PCLS, PDGF-BB significantly contracted PVs/PAs which was blocked by the PDGFR-β antagonist SU6668. In PVs, inhibition of actin polymerisation and inhibition of L-Type Ca2+-channels reduced PDGF-BB-induced contraction, whereas inhibition of ROCK/PKC had no effect. Blocking of EP1/3- and TP-receptors or inhibition of MAP2K-, p38-MAPK-, PI3K-α/γ- and AKT/PKB-signalling prevented PDGF-BB-induced contraction, whereas inhibition of EP4 only slightly reduced it. Accordingly, PDGF-BB increased TXA2 in the perfusate, whereas PGI2 was increased in all groups after 120 min and inhibition of IP-receptors did not enhance PDGF-BB-induced contraction. Moreover, PDGF-BB increased cAMP in PVs and inhibition of adenyl cyclase enhanced PDGF-BB-induced contraction, whereas inhibition of NO-formation only slightly increased it. Conclusions PDGF-BB/PDGFR regulates the pulmonary vascular tone by the generation of prostaglandins, the increase of calcium, the activation of MAPK- or PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling and actin remodelling. More insights in PDGF-BB downstream-signalling may contribute to develop new therapeutics for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette D Rieg
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Said Suleiman
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Carolin Anker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eva Verjans
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rolf Rossaint
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Uhlig
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Martin
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Weise-Cross L, Sands MA, Sheak JR, Broughton BRS, Snow JB, Gonzalez Bosc LV, Jernigan NL, Walker BR, Resta TC. Actin polymerization contributes to enhanced pulmonary vasoconstrictor reactivity after chronic hypoxia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 314:H1011-H1021. [PMID: 29373038 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00664.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia (CH) augments basal and endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced pulmonary vasoconstrictor reactivity through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK)-dependent myofilament Ca2+ sensitization. Because ROCK promotes actin polymerization and the actin cytoskeleton regulates smooth muscle tension, we hypothesized that actin polymerization is required for enhanced basal and ET-1-dependent vasoconstriction after CH. To test this hypothesis, both end points were monitored in pressurized, endothelium-disrupted pulmonary arteries (fourth-fifth order) from control and CH (4 wk at 0.5 atm) rats. The actin polymerization inhibitors cytochalasin and latrunculin attenuated both basal and ET-1-induced vasoconstriction only in CH vessels. To test whether CH directly alters the arterial actin profile, we measured filamentous actin (F-actin)-to-globular actin (G-actin) ratios by fluorescent labeling of F-actin and G-actin in fixed pulmonary arteries and actin sedimentation assays using homogenized pulmonary artery lysates. We observed no difference in actin polymerization between groups under baseline conditions, but ET-1 enhanced actin polymerization in pulmonary arteries from CH rats. This response was blunted by the ROS scavenger tiron, the ROCK inhibitor fasudil, and the mDia (RhoA effector) inhibitor small-molecule inhibitor of formin homology domain 2. Immunoblot analysis revealed an effect of CH to increase both phosphorylated (inactive) and total levels of the actin disassembly factor cofilin but not phosphorylated cofilin-to-total cofilin ratios. We conclude that actin polymerization contributes to increased basal pulmonary arterial constriction and ET-1-induced vasoconstrictor reactivity after CH in a ROS- and ROCK-dependent manner. Our results further suggest that enhanced ET-1-mediated actin polymerization after CH is dependent on mDia but independent of changes in the phosphorylated cofilin-to-total cofilin ratio. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This research is the first to demonstrate a role for actin polymerization in chronic hypoxia-induced basal pulmonary arterial constriction and enhanced agonist-induced vasoconstrictor activity. These results suggest that a reactive oxygen species-Rho kinase-actin polymerization signaling pathway mediates this response and may provide a mechanistic basis for the vasoconstrictor component of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Weise-Cross
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Michelle A Sands
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Joshua R Sheak
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Brad R S Broughton
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Jessica B Snow
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Laura V Gonzalez Bosc
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Nikki L Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Benjimen R Walker
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Wang Y, Rezey AC, Wang R, Tang DD. Role and regulation of Abelson tyrosine kinase in Crk-associated substrate/profilin-1 interaction and airway smooth muscle contraction. Respir Res 2018; 19:4. [PMID: 29304860 PMCID: PMC5756382 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0709-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway smooth muscle contraction is critical for maintenance of appropriate airway tone, and has been implicated in asthma pathogenesis. Smooth muscle contraction requires an "engine" (myosin activation) and a "transmission system" (actin cytoskeletal remodeling). However, the mechanisms that control actin remodeling in smooth muscle are not fully elucidated. The adapter protein Crk-associated substrate (CAS) regulates actin dynamics and the contraction in smooth muscle. In addition, profilin-1 (Pfn-1) and Abelson tyrosine kinase (c-Abl) are also involved in smooth muscle contraction. The interplays among CAS, Pfn-1 and c-Abl in smooth muscle have not been previously investigated. METHODS The association of CAS with Pfn-1 in mouse tracheal rings was evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation. Tracheal rings from c-Abl conditional knockout mice were used to assess the roles of c-Abl in the protein-protein interaction and smooth muscle contraction. Decoy peptides were utilized to evaluate the importance of CAS/Pfn-1 coupling in smooth muscle contraction. RESULTS Stimulation with acetylcholine (ACh) increased the interaction of CAS with Pfn-1 in smooth muscle, which was regulated by CAS tyrosine phosphorylation and c-Abl. The CAS/Pfn-1 coupling was also modified by the phosphorylation of cortactin (a protein implicated in Pfn-1 activation). In addition, ACh activation promoted the spatial redistribution of CAS and Pfn-1 in smooth muscle cells, which was reduced by c-Abl knockdown. Inhibition of CAS/Pfn-1 interaction by a decoy peptide attenuated the ACh-induced actin polymerization and contraction without affecting myosin light chain phosphorylation. Furthermore, treatment with the Src inhibitor PP2 and the actin polymerization inhibitor latrunculin A attenuated the ACh-induced c-Abl tyrosine phosphorylation (an indication of c-Abl activation). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a novel activation loop in airway smooth muscle: c-Abl promotes the CAS/Pfn-1 coupling and actin polymerization, which conversely facilitates c-Abl activation. The positive feedback may render c-Abl in active state after contractile stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinna Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Alyssa C Rezey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Ruping Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Dale D Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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Regional Heterogeneity in the Regulation of Vasoconstriction in Arteries and Its Role in Vascular Mechanics. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1097:105-128. [PMID: 30315542 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96445-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vasoconstriction and vasodilation play important roles in the circulatory system and can be regulated through different pathways that depend on myriad biomolecules. These different pathways reflect the various functions of smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractility within the different regions of the arterial tree and how they contribute to both the mechanics and the mechanobiology. Here, we review the primary regulatory pathways involved in SMC contractility and highlight their regional differences in elastic, muscular, and resistance arteries. In this way, one can begin to assess how these properties affect important biomechanical and mechanobiological functions in the circulatory system in health and disease.
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Functional autoantibodies targeting G protein-coupled receptors in rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2017; 13:648-656. [PMID: 28855694 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2017.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise the largest and most diverse family of integral membrane proteins that participate in different physiological processes such as the regulation of the nervous and immune systems. Besides the endogenous ligands of GPCRs, functional autoantibodies are also able to bind GPCRs to trigger or block intracellular signalling pathways, resulting in agonistic or antagonistic effects, respectively. In this Review, the effects of functional GPCR-targeting autoantibodies on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatic diseases, are discussed. Autoantibodies targeting β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors, which are expressed by cardiac and airway smooth muscle cells, respectively, have an important role in the development of asthma and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, high levels of autoantibodies against the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 as well as those targeting endothelin receptor type A and type 1 angiotensin II receptor have several implications in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases such as Sjögren syndrome and systemic sclerosis. Expanding the knowledge of the pathophysiological roles of autoantibodies against GPCRs will shed light on the biology of these receptors and open avenues for new therapeutic approaches.
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Abstract
Smooth muscle contraction requires both myosin activation and actin cytoskeletal remodeling. Actin cytoskeletal reorganization facilitates smooth muscle contraction by promoting force transmission between the contractile unit and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and by enhancing intercellular mechanical transduction. Myosin may be viewed to serve as an "engine" for smooth muscle contraction whereas the actin cytoskeleton may function as a "transmission system" in smooth muscle. The actin cytoskeleton in smooth muscle also undergoes restructuring upon activation with growth factors or the ECM, which controls smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Abnormal smooth muscle contraction, cell proliferation, and motility contribute to the development of vascular and pulmonary diseases. A number of actin-regulatory proteins including protein kinases have been discovered to orchestrate actin dynamics in smooth muscle. In particular, Abelson tyrosine kinase (c-Abl) is an important molecule that controls actin dynamics, contraction, growth, and motility in smooth muscle. Moreover, c-Abl coordinates the regulation of blood pressure and contributes to the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness and vascular/airway remodeling in vivo. Thus, c-Abl may be a novel pharmacological target for the development of new therapy to treat smooth muscle diseases such as hypertension and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale D Tang
- Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States.
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27
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Schubert KM, Qiu J, Blodow S, Wiedenmann M, Lubomirov LT, Pfitzer G, Pohl U, Schneider H. The AMP-Related Kinase (AMPK) Induces Ca
2+
-Independent Dilation of Resistance Arteries by Interfering With Actin Filament Formation. Circ Res 2017; 121:149-161. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rationale:
Decreasing Ca
2+
sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) allows for vasodilation without lowering of cytosolic Ca
2+
. This may be particularly important in states requiring maintained dilation, such as hypoxia. AMP-related kinase (AMPK) is an important cellular energy sensor in VSM. Regulation of Ca
2+
sensitivity usually is attributed to myosin light chain phosphatase activity, but findings in non-VSM identified changes in the actin cytoskeleton. The potential role of AMPK in this setting is widely unknown.
Objective:
To assess the influence of AMPK on the actin cytoskeleton in VSM of resistance arteries with regard to potential Ca
2+
desensitization of VSM contractile apparatus.
Methods and Results:
AMPK induced a slowly developing dilation at unchanged cytosolic Ca
2+
levels in potassium chloride–constricted intact arteries isolated from mouse mesenteric tissue. This dilation was not associated with changes in phosphorylation of myosin light chain or of myosin light chain phosphatase regulatory subunit. Using ultracentrifugation and confocal microscopy, we found that AMPK induced depolymerization of F-actin (filamentous actin). Imaging of arteries from LifeAct mice showed F-actin rarefaction in the midcellular portion of VSM. Immunoblotting revealed that this was associated with activation of the actin severing factor cofilin. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments indicated that AMPK leads to the liberation of cofilin from 14-3-3 protein.
Conclusions:
AMPK induces actin depolymerization, which reduces vascular tone and the response to vasoconstrictors. Our findings demonstrate a new role of AMPK in the control of actin cytoskeletal dynamics, potentially allowing for long-term dilation of microvessels without substantial changes in cytosolic Ca
2+
.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Michael Schubert
- From the Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center of LMU, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany (K.M.S., J.Q., S.B., M.W., U.P., H.S.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- Kreislauf-Forschung (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); and Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Germany (L.T
| | - Jiehua Qiu
- From the Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center of LMU, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany (K.M.S., J.Q., S.B., M.W., U.P., H.S.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- Kreislauf-Forschung (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); and Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Germany (L.T
| | - Stephanie Blodow
- From the Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center of LMU, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany (K.M.S., J.Q., S.B., M.W., U.P., H.S.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- Kreislauf-Forschung (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); and Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Germany (L.T
| | - Margarethe Wiedenmann
- From the Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center of LMU, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany (K.M.S., J.Q., S.B., M.W., U.P., H.S.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- Kreislauf-Forschung (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); and Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Germany (L.T
| | - Lubomir T. Lubomirov
- From the Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center of LMU, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany (K.M.S., J.Q., S.B., M.W., U.P., H.S.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- Kreislauf-Forschung (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); and Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Germany (L.T
| | - Gabriele Pfitzer
- From the Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center of LMU, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany (K.M.S., J.Q., S.B., M.W., U.P., H.S.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- Kreislauf-Forschung (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); and Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Germany (L.T
| | - Ulrich Pohl
- From the Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center of LMU, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany (K.M.S., J.Q., S.B., M.W., U.P., H.S.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- Kreislauf-Forschung (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); and Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Germany (L.T
| | - Holger Schneider
- From the Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center of LMU, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany (K.M.S., J.Q., S.B., M.W., U.P., H.S.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- Kreislauf-Forschung (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (K.M.S., S.B., U.P., H.S.); and Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Germany (L.T
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Tang DD, Gerlach BD. The roles and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, intermediate filaments and microtubules in smooth muscle cell migration. Respir Res 2017; 18:54. [PMID: 28390425 PMCID: PMC5385055 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cell migration has been implicated in the development of respiratory and cardiovascular systems; and airway/vascular remodeling. Cell migration is a polarized cellular process involving a protrusive cell front and a retracting trailing rear. There are three cytoskeletal systems in mammalian cells: the actin cytoskeleton, the intermediate filament network, and microtubules; all of which regulate all or part of the migrated process. The dynamic actin cytoskeleton spatially and temporally regulates protrusion, adhesions, contraction, and retraction from the cell front to the rear. c-Abl tyrosine kinase plays a critical role in regulating actin dynamics and migration of airway smooth muscle cells and nonmuscle cells. Recent studies suggest that intermediate filaments undergo reorganization during migration, which coordinates focal adhesion dynamics, cell contraction, and nucleus rigidity. In particular, vimentin intermediate filaments undergo phosphorylation and reorientation in smooth muscle cells, which may regulate cell contraction and focal adhesion assembly/disassembly. Motile cells are characterized by a front-rear polarization of the microtubule framework, which regulates all essential processes leading to cell migration through its role in cell mechanics, intracellular trafficking, and signaling. This review recapitulates our current knowledge how the three cytoskeletal systems spatially and temporally modulate the migratory properties of cells. We also summarize the potential role of migration-associated biomolecules in lung and vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale D Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| | - Brennan D Gerlach
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
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29
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Li C, Chang Y, Li Y, Chen S, Chen Y, Ye N, Dai D, Sun Y. Advanced glycation end products promote the proliferation and migration of primary rat vascular smooth muscle cells via the upregulation of BAG3. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1242-1254. [PMID: 28350077 PMCID: PMC5403185 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on advanced glycation end product (AGE)-induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and whether Bcl-2‑associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is involved in the process. Primary rat VSMCs were extracted and cultured in vitro. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay and cell proliferation was detected by EdU incorporation assay. Cell migration was detected by wound healing and Transwell assays. BAG3 was detected using qPCR and western blot analysis. Transcriptional and translational inhibitors (actinomycin D and cycloheximide, respectively) were used to study the effect of AGEs on the expression of BAG3 in VSMCs. Lentiviral plasmids containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against rat BAG3 or control shRNA were transduced into VSMCs. Cellular ROS were detected by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRE) staining. AGEs significantly increased the expression of BAG3 in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, AGEs mainly increased the expression of BAG3 mRNA by increasing the RNA synthesis rather than inhibiting the RNA translation. BAG3 knockdown reduced the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by AGEs. BAG3 knockdown reduced the generation of ROS and sustained the mitochondrial membrane potential of VSMCs. Reduction of ROS production by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a potent antioxidant, also reduced the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. On the whole, the present study demonstrated for the first time that AGEs could increase ROS production and promote the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by upregulating BAG3 expression. This study indicated that BAG3 should be considered as a potential target for the prevention and/or treatment of vascular complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunshu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ye Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yintao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Dongxue Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Jernigan NL, Resta TC, Gonzalez Bosc LV. Altered Redox Balance in the Development of Chronic Hypoxia-induced Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 967:83-103. [PMID: 29047083 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Normally, the pulmonary circulation is maintained in a low-pressure, low-resistance state with little resting tone. Pulmonary arteries are thin-walled and rely heavily on pulmonary arterial distension and recruitment for reducing pulmonary vascular resistance when cardiac output is elevated. Under pathophysiological conditions, however, active vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling lead to enhanced pulmonary vascular resistance and subsequent pulmonary hypertension (PH). Chronic hypoxia is a critical pathological factor associated with the development of PH resulting from airway obstruction (COPD, sleep apnea), diffusion impairment (interstitial lung disease), developmental lung abnormalities, or high altitude exposure (World Health Organization [WHO]; Group III). The rise in pulmonary vascular resistance increases right heart afterload causing right ventricular hypertrophy that can ultimately lead to right heart failure in patients with chronic lung disease. PH is typically characterized by diminished paracrine release of vasodilators, antimitogenic factors, and antithrombotic factors (e.g., nitric oxide and protacyclin) and enhanced production of vasoconstrictors and mitogenic factors (e.g., reactive oxygen species and endothelin-1) from the endothelium and lung parenchyma. In addition, phenotypic changes to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC), including alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis, Ca2+ sensitivity, and activation of transcription factors are thought to play prominent roles in the development of both vasoconstrictor and arterial remodeling components of hypoxia-associated PH. These changes in PASMC function are briefly reviewed in Sect. 1 and the influence of altered reactive oxygen species homeostasis on PASMC function discussed in Sects. 2-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki L Jernigan
- Department Cell Biology and Physiology, Vascular Physiology Group, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Department Cell Biology and Physiology, Vascular Physiology Group, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Laura V Gonzalez Bosc
- Department Cell Biology and Physiology, Vascular Physiology Group, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
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Milewicz DM, Trybus KM, Guo DC, Sweeney HL, Regalado E, Kamm K, Stull JT. Altered Smooth Muscle Cell Force Generation as a Driver of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:26-34. [PMID: 27879251 PMCID: PMC5222685 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.303229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The importance of maintaining contractile function in aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is evident by the fact that heterozygous mutations in the major structural proteins or kinases controlling contraction lead to the formation of aneurysms of the ascending thoracic aorta that predispose to life-threatening aortic dissections. Force generation by SMC requires ATP-dependent cyclic interactions between filaments composed of SMC-specific isoforms of α-actin (encoded by ACTA2) and myosin heavy chain (MYH11). ACTA2 and MYH11 mutations are predicted or have been shown to disrupt this cyclic interaction predispose to thoracic aortic disease. Movement of the myosin motor domain is controlled by phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain on the myosin filament, and loss-of-function mutations in the dedicated kinase for this phosphorylation, myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) also predispose to thoracic aortic disease. Finally, a mutation in the cGMP-activated protein kinase (PRKG1) results in constitutive activation of the kinase in the absence of cGMP, thus driving SMC relaxation in part through increased dephosphorylation of the regulatory light chain and predisposes to thoracic aortic disease. Furthermore, SMCs cannot generate force without connections to the extracellular matrix through focal adhesions, and mutations in the major protein in the extracellular matrix, fibrillin-1, linking SMCs to the matrix also cause thoracic aortic disease in individuals with Marfan syndrome. Thus, disruption of the ability of the aortic SMC to generate force through the elastin-contractile units in response to pulsatile blood flow may be a primary driver for thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections.
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MESH Headings
- Actins/genetics
- Actins/metabolism
- Aortic Dissection/genetics
- Aortic Dissection/metabolism
- Aortic Dissection/pathology
- Aortic Dissection/physiopathology
- Animals
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I/genetics
- Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I/metabolism
- Dilatation, Pathologic
- Elastin/metabolism
- Genetic Markers
- Genetic Testing
- Heredity
- Humans
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Mutation
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Myosin Heavy Chains/metabolism
- Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase/genetics
- Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Pulsatile Flow
- Vasoconstriction/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianna M Milewicz
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (D.M.M., D.-c.G., E.R.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington (K.M.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville (H.L.S.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.K. J.T.S.).
| | - Kathleen M Trybus
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (D.M.M., D.-c.G., E.R.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington (K.M.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville (H.L.S.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.K. J.T.S.)
| | - Dong-Chuan Guo
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (D.M.M., D.-c.G., E.R.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington (K.M.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville (H.L.S.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.K. J.T.S.)
| | - H Lee Sweeney
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (D.M.M., D.-c.G., E.R.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington (K.M.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville (H.L.S.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.K. J.T.S.)
| | - Ellen Regalado
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (D.M.M., D.-c.G., E.R.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington (K.M.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville (H.L.S.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.K. J.T.S.)
| | - Kristine Kamm
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (D.M.M., D.-c.G., E.R.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington (K.M.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville (H.L.S.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.K. J.T.S.)
| | - James T Stull
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (D.M.M., D.-c.G., E.R.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington (K.M.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville (H.L.S.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.K. J.T.S.)
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Sundaram A, Chen C, Khalifeh-Soltani A, Atakilit A, Ren X, Qiu W, Jo H, DeGrado W, Huang X, Sheppard D. Targeting integrin α5β1 ameliorates severe airway hyperresponsiveness in experimental asthma. J Clin Invest 2016; 127:365-374. [PMID: 27918306 DOI: 10.1172/jci88555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment options are limited for severe asthma, and the need for additional therapies remains great. Previously, we demonstrated that integrin αvβ6-deficient mice are protected from airway hyperresponsiveness, due in part to increased expression of the murine ortholog of human chymase. Here, we determined that chymase protects against cytokine-enhanced bronchoconstriction by cleaving fibronectin to impair tension transmission in airway smooth muscle (ASM). Additionally, we identified a pathway that can be therapeutically targeted to mitigate the effects of airway hyperresponsiveness. Administration of chymase to human bronchial rings abrogated IL-13-enhanced contraction, and this effect was not due to alterations in calcium homeostasis or myosin light chain phosphorylation. Rather, chymase cleaved fibronectin, inhibited ASM adhesion, and attenuated focal adhesion phosphorylation. Disruption of integrin ligation with an RGD-containing peptide abrogated IL-13-enhanced contraction, with no further effect from chymase. We identified α5β1 as the primary fibronectin-binding integrin in ASM, and α5β1-specific blockade inhibited focal adhesion phosphorylation and IL-13-enhanced contraction, with no additional effect from chymase. Delivery of an α5β1 inhibitor into murine airways abrogated the exaggerated bronchoconstriction induced by allergen sensitization and challenge. Finally, α5β1 blockade enhanced the effect of the bronchodilator isoproterenol on airway relaxation. Our data identify the α5β1 integrin as a potential therapeutic target to mitigate the severity of airway contraction in asthma.
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Li J, Wang R, Gannon OJ, Rezey AC, Jiang S, Gerlach BD, Liao G, Tang DD. Polo-like Kinase 1 Regulates Vimentin Phosphorylation at Ser-56 and Contraction in Smooth Muscle. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23693-23703. [PMID: 27662907 PMCID: PMC5095422 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.749341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is a serine/threonine-protein kinase that has been implicated in mitosis, cytokinesis, and smooth muscle cell proliferation. The role of Plk1 in smooth muscle contraction has not been investigated. Here, stimulation with acetylcholine induced Plk1 phosphorylation at Thr-210 (an indication of Plk1 activation) in smooth muscle. Contractile stimulation also activated Plk1 in live smooth muscle cells as evidenced by changes in fluorescence resonance energy transfer signal of a Plk1 sensor. Moreover, knockdown of Plk1 in smooth muscle attenuated force development. Smooth muscle conditional knock-out of Plk1 also diminished contraction of mouse tracheal rings. Plk1 knockdown inhibited acetylcholine-induced vimentin phosphorylation at Ser-56 without affecting myosin light chain phosphorylation. Expression of T210A Plk1 inhibited the agonist-induced vimentin phosphorylation at Ser-56 and contraction in smooth muscle. However, myosin light chain phosphorylation was not affected by T210A Plk1. Ste20-like kinase (SLK) is a serine/threonine-protein kinase that has been implicated in spindle orientation and microtubule organization during mitosis. In this study knockdown of SLK inhibited Plk1 phosphorylation at Thr-210 and activation. Finally, asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, which largely stems from airway smooth muscle hyperreactivity. Here, smooth muscle conditional knock-out of Plk1 attenuated airway resistance and airway smooth muscle hyperreactivity in a murine model of asthma. Taken together, these findings suggest that Plk1 regulates smooth muscle contraction by modulating vimentin phosphorylation at Ser-56. Plk1 activation is regulated by SLK during contractile activation. Plk1 contributes to the pathogenesis of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Ruping Wang
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Olivia J Gannon
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Alyssa C Rezey
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Sixin Jiang
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Brennan D Gerlach
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Guoning Liao
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Dale D Tang
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
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Li J, Wang R, Tang DD. Vimentin dephosphorylation at ser-56 is regulated by type 1 protein phosphatase in smooth muscle. Respir Res 2016; 17:91. [PMID: 27457922 PMCID: PMC4960799 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0415-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The intermediate filament protein vimentin undergoes reversible phosphorylation and dephosphorylation at Ser-56, which plays an important role in regulating the contraction-relaxation cycles of smooth muscle. The protein phosphatases that mediate vimentin dephosphorylation in smooth muscle have not been previously investigated. Methods The associations of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) with vimentin in mouse tracheal rings was evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation. Lentivirus-mediated shRNA against PP1 was used to assess the role of PP1 in vimentin dephosphorylation and the vimentin-associated process in smooth muscle. Results Co-immunoprecipitation analysis showed that vimentin interacted with PP1, but barely with PP2A, in airway smooth muscle. Knockdown of PP1 by lentivirus-mediated shRNA increased the acetylcholine-induced vimentin phosphorylation and smooth muscle contraction. Because vimentin phosphorylation is able to modulate p130 Crk-associated substrate (p130CAS) and actin polymerization, we also evaluated the role of PP1 in the biological processes. Silencing of PP1 also enhanced the agonist-induced the dissociation of p130CAS from vimentin and F/G-actin ratios (an index of actin polymerization). However, PP1 knockdown did not affect c-Abl tyrosine phosphorylation, an important molecule that controls actin dynamics. Conclusions Taken together, these findings suggest that PP1 is a key protein serine/threonine phosphatase that controls vimentin Ser-56 dephosphorylation in smooth muscle. PP1 regulates actin polymerization by modulating the dissociation of p130CAS from vimentin, but not by affecting c-Abl tyrosine kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Ruping Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Dale D Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, New York, USA.
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35
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Reticulon-4B/Nogo-B acts as a molecular linker between microtubules and actin cytoskeleton in vascular smooth muscle cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1985-95. [PMID: 27132996 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle (VSM; see Table 1 for a list of abbreviations) is a heterogeneous biomaterial comprised of cells and extracellular matrix. By surrounding tubes of endothelial cells, VSM forms a regulated network, the vasculature, through which oxygenated blood supplies specialized organs, permitting the development of large multicellular organisms. VSM cells, the engine of the vasculature, house a set of regulated nanomotors that permit rapid stress-development, sustained stress-maintenance and vessel constriction. Viscoelastic materials within, surrounding and attached to VSM cells, comprised largely of polymeric proteins with complex mechanical characteristics, assist the engine with countering loads imposed by the heart pump, and with control of relengthening after constriction. The complexity of this smart material can be reduced by classical mechanical studies combined with circuit modeling using spring and dashpot elements. Evaluation of the mechanical characteristics of VSM requires a more complete understanding of the mechanics and regulation of its biochemical parts, and ultimately, an understanding of how these parts work together to form the machinery of the vascular tree. Current molecular studies provide detailed mechanical data about single polymeric molecules, revealing viscoelasticity and plasticity at the protein domain level, the unique biological slip-catch bond, and a regulated two-step actomyosin power stroke. At the tissue level, new insight into acutely dynamic stress-strain behavior reveals smooth muscle to exhibit adaptive plasticity. At its core, physiology aims to describe the complex interactions of molecular systems, clarifying structure-function relationships and regulation of biological machines. The intent of this review is to provide a comprehensive presentation of one biomachine, VSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Ratz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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37
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Tang DD. Critical role of actin-associated proteins in smooth muscle contraction, cell proliferation, airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling. Respir Res 2015; 16:134. [PMID: 26517982 PMCID: PMC4628321 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling, which are largely attributed to increased airway smooth muscle contractility and cell proliferation. It is known that both chemical and mechanical stimulation regulates smooth muscle contraction. Recent studies suggest that contractile activation and mechanical stretch induce actin cytoskeletal remodeling in smooth muscle. However, the mechanisms that control actin cytoskeletal reorganization are not completely elucidated. This review summarizes our current understanding regarding how actin-associated proteins may regulate remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton in airway smooth muscle. In particular, there is accumulating evidence to suggest that Abelson tyrosine kinase (Abl) plays a critical role in regulating airway smooth muscle contraction and cell proliferation in vitro, and airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling in vivo. These studies indicate that Abl may be a novel target for the development of new therapy to treat asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale D Tang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products Signaling Interferes with the Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Contractile Phenotype and Function. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128881. [PMID: 26248341 PMCID: PMC4527751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased blood glucose concentrations promote reactions between glucose and proteins to form advanced glycation end-products (AGE). Circulating AGE in the blood plasma can activate the receptor for advanced end-products (RAGE), which is present on both endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). RAGE exhibits a complex signaling that involves small G-proteins and mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK), which lead to increased nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity. While RAGE signaling has been previously addressed in endothelial cells, little is known regarding its impact on the function of VSMC. Therefore, we hypothesized that RAGE signaling leads to alterations in the mechanical and functional properties of VSMC, which could contribute to complications associated with diabetes. We demonstrated that RAGE is expressed and functional in the A7r5 VSMC model, and its activation by AGE significantly increased NF-κB activity, which is known to interfere with the contractile phenotype of VSMC. The protein levels of the contraction-related transcription factor myocardin were also decreased by RAGE activation with a concomitant decrease in the mRNA and protein levels of transgelin (SM-22α), a regulator of VSMC contraction. Interestingly, we demonstrated that RAGE activation increased the overall cell rigidity, an effect that can be related to an increase in myosin activity. Finally, although RAGE stimulation amplified calcium signaling and slightly myosin activity in VSMC challenged with vasopressin, their contractile capacity was negatively affected. Overall, RAGE activation in VSMC could represent a keystone in the development of vascular diseases associated with diabetes by interfering with the contractile phenotype of VSMC through the modification of their mechanical and functional properties.
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Vascular disease-causing mutation R258C in ACTA2 disrupts actin dynamics and interaction with myosin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E4168-77. [PMID: 26153420 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1507587112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Point mutations in vascular smooth muscle α-actin (SM α-actin), encoded by the gene ACTA2, are the most prevalent cause of familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAAD). Here, we provide the first molecular characterization, to our knowledge, of the effect of the R258C mutation in SM α-actin, expressed with the baculovirus system. Smooth muscles are unique in that force generation requires both interaction of stable actin filaments with myosin and polymerization of actin in the subcortical region. Both aspects of R258C function therefore need investigation. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy was used to quantify the growth of single actin filaments as a function of time. R258C filaments are less stable than WT and more susceptible to severing by cofilin. Smooth muscle tropomyosin offers little protection from cofilin cleavage, unlike its effect on WT actin. Unexpectedly, profilin binds tighter to the R258C monomer, which will increase the pool of globular actin (G-actin). In an in vitro motility assay, smooth muscle myosin moves R258C filaments more slowly than WT, and the slowing is exacerbated by smooth muscle tropomyosin. Under loaded conditions, small ensembles of myosin are unable to produce force on R258C actin-tropomyosin filaments, suggesting that tropomyosin occupies an inhibitory position on actin. Many of the observed defects cannot be explained by a direct interaction with the mutated residue, and thus the mutation allosterically affects multiple regions of the monomer. Our results align with the hypothesis that defective contractile function contributes to the pathogenesis of TAAD.
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40
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Qin B, Zhou J. Src Family Kinases (SFK) Mediate Angiotensin II-Induced Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation and Hypertension. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127891. [PMID: 26011449 PMCID: PMC4444283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin (Ang) II is the major bioactive peptide of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS); it contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension by inducing vascular contraction and adverse remodeling, thus elevated peripheral resistance. Ang II also activates Src family kinases (SFK) in the vascular system, which has been implicated in cell proliferation and migration. However, the role of SFK in Ang II-induced hypertension is largely unknown. In this study, we found that administration of a SFK inhibitor SU6656 markedly lowered the level of systemic BP in Ang II-treated mice, which was associated with an attenuated phosphorylation of the smooth-muscle myosin-light-chain (MLC) in the mesenteric resistant arteries. In the cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (SMCs), pretreatment with SU6656 blocked Ang II-induced MLC phosphorylation and contraction. These results for the first time demonstrate that SFK directly regulate vascular contractile machinery to influence BP. Thus our study provides an additional mechanistic link between Ang II and vasoconstriction via SFK-enhanced MLC phosphorylation in SMCs, and suggests that targeted inhibition of Src may provide a new therapeutic opportunity in the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qin
- Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Junlan Zhou
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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41
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Periodontal-like gingival connective tissue attachment on titanium surface with nano-ordered spikes and pores created by alkali-heat treatment. Dent Mater 2015; 31:e116-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Wang T, Wang R, Cleary RA, Gannon OJ, Tang DD. Recruitment of β-catenin to N-cadherin is necessary for smooth muscle contraction. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:8913-24. [PMID: 25713069 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.621003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Catenin is a key component that connects transmembrane cadherin with the actin cytoskeleton at the cell-cell interface. However, the role of the β-catenin/cadherin interaction in smooth muscle has not been well characterized. Here stimulation with acetylcholine promoted the recruitment of β-catenin to N-cadherin in smooth muscle cells/tissues. Knockdown of β-catenin by lentivirus-mediated shRNA attenuated smooth muscle contraction. Nevertheless, myosin light chain phosphorylation at Ser-19 and actin polymerization in response to contractile activation were not reduced by β-catenin knockdown. In addition, the expression of the β-catenin armadillo domain disrupted the recruitment of β-catenin to N-cadherin. Force development, but not myosin light chain phosphorylation and actin polymerization, was reduced by the expression of the β-catenin armadillo domain. Furthermore, actin polymerization and microtubules have been implicated in intracellular trafficking. In this study, the treatment with the inhibitor latrunculin A diminished the interaction of β-catenin with N-cadherin in smooth muscle. In contrast, the exposure of smooth muscle to the microtubule depolymerizer nocodazole did not affect the protein-protein interaction. Together, these findings suggest that smooth muscle contraction is mediated by the recruitment of β-catenin to N-cadherin, which may facilitate intercellular mechanotransduction. The association of β-catenin with N-cadherin is regulated by actin polymerization during contractile activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Ruping Wang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Rachel A Cleary
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Olivia J Gannon
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Dale D Tang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
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Fediuk J, Dakshinamurti S. A role for actin polymerization in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93:185-94. [PMID: 25695400 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is defined as the failure of normal pulmonary vascular relaxation at birth. Hypoxia is known to impede postnatal disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton in pulmonary arterial myocytes, resulting in elevation of smooth muscle α-actin and γ-actin content in elastic and resistance pulmonary arteries in PPHN compared with age-matched controls. This review examines the original histological characterization of PPHN with attention to cytoskeletal structural remodeling and actin isoform abundance, reviews the existing evidence for understanding the biophysical and biochemical forces at play during neonatal circulatory transition, and specifically addresses the role of the cortical actin architecture, primarily identified as γ-actin, in the transduction of mechanical force in the hypoxic PPHN pulmonary circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jena Fediuk
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada., Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Wang T, Cleary RA, Wang R, Tang DD. Glia maturation factor-γ phosphorylation at Tyr-104 regulates actin dynamics and contraction in human airway smooth muscle. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 51:652-9. [PMID: 24818551 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0125oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin dynamics plays an essential role in regulating airway smooth muscle contraction. The mechanisms that regulate actin dynamics in smooth muscle are not completely understood. Glia maturation factor (GMF) is a protein that has been reported to inhibit actin nucleation and to induce actin network debranching in vitro. The role of GMF in human smooth muscle cells and tissues has not been investigated. In this study, knockdown of GMF-γ by RNA interference enhanced actin polymerization and contraction in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells and tissues without affecting myosin phosphorylation (another important biochemical change during contractile activation). Activation of HASM cells and tissues with acetylcholine induced dissociation of GMF-γ from Arp2 of the Arp2/3 complex. Acetylcholine stimulation also increased GMF-γ phosphorylation at Tyr-104. GMF-γ phosphorylation at this residue was mediated by c-Abl tyrosine kinase. The GMF-γ mutant Y104F (phenylalanine substitution at Tyr-104) had higher association with Arp2 in HASM cells upon contractile activation. Furthermore, expression of mutant Y104F GMF-γ attenuated actin polymerization and contraction in smooth muscle. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism for the regulation of actin dynamics and smooth muscle contraction. In unstimulated smooth muscle, GMF-γ binds to the Arp2/3 complex, which induces actin disassembly and retains lower levels of F-actin. Upon contractile stimulation, phosphorylation at Tyr-104 mediated by c-Abl tyrosine kinase leads to the dissociation of GMF-γ from Arp2/3, by which GMF-γ no longer induces actin disassembly. Reduced actin disassembly renders F-actin in higher level, which facilitates smooth muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
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45
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Ohanian J, Pieri M, Ohanian V. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases and the actin cytoskeleton in contractile vascular smooth muscle. J Physiol 2014; 593:3807-14. [PMID: 25433074 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.284174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The contractility of vascular smooth muscle cells within the walls of arteries is regulated by mechanical stresses and vasoactive signals. Transduction of these diverse stimuli into a cellular response occurs through many different mechanisms, one being reorganisation of the actin cytoskeleton. In addition to a structural role in maintaining cellular architecture it is now clear that the actin cytoskeleton of contractile vascular smooth muscle cells is a dynamic structure reacting to changes in the cellular environment. Equally clear is that disrupting the cytoskeleton or interfering with its rearrangement, has profound effects on artery contractility. The actin cytoskeleton associates with dense plaques, also called focal adhesions, at the plasma membrane of smooth muscle cells. Vasoconstrictors and mechanical stress induce remodelling of the focal adhesions, concomitant with cytoskeletal reorganisation. Recent work has shown that non-receptor tyrosine kinases and tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion proteins such as paxillin and Hic-5 are important for actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion remodelling and contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ohanian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Services Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Maria Pieri
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Services Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Vasken Ohanian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Services Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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46
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Fediuk J, Sikarwar AS, Nolette N, Dakshinamurti S. Thromboxane-induced actin polymerization in hypoxic neonatal pulmonary arterial myocytes involves Cdc42 signaling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L877-87. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00036.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In hypoxic pulmonary arterial (PA) myocytes, challenge with thromboxane mimetic U46619 induces marked actin polymerization and contraction, phenotypic features of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Rho GTPases regulate the actin cytoskeleton. We previously reported that U46619-induced actin polymerization in hypoxic PA myocytes occurs independently of the RhoA pathway and hypothesized involvement of the Cdc42 pathway. PA myocytes grown in normoxia or hypoxia for 72 h were stimulated with U46619, then analyzed for Rac/Cdc42 activation by affinity precipitation, phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) activity by phospho-Akt, phospho-p21-activated kinase (PAK) by immunoblot, and association of Cdc42 with neuronal Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome protein (N-WASp) by immunoprecipitation. The effect of Rac or PAK inhibition on filamentous actin was quantified by laser-scanning cytometry and by cytoskeletal fractionation; effects of actin-modifying agents were measured by isometric myography. Basal Cdc42 activity increased in hypoxia, whereas Rac activity decreased. U46619 challenge increased Cdc42 and Rac activity in hypoxic cells, independently of PI3K. Hypoxia increased phospho-PAK, unaltered by U46619. Association of Cdc42 with N-WASp decreased in hypoxia but increased after U46619 exposure. Hypoxia doubled filamentous-to-globular ratios of α- and γ-actin isoforms. Jasplakinolide stabilized γ-filaments, increasing force; cytochalasin D depolymerized all actin isoforms, decreasing force. Rac and PAK inhibition decreased filamentous actin in tissues although without decrease in force. Rho inhibition decreased myosin phosphorylation and force. Hypoxia induces actin polymerization in PA myocytes, particularly increasing filamentous α- and γ-actin, contributing to U46619-induced contraction. Hypoxic PA myocytes challenged with a thromboxane mimetic polymerize actin via the Cdc42 pathway, reflecting increased Cdc42 association with N-WASp. Mechanisms regulating thromboxane-mediated actin polymerization are potential targets for future PPHN pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jena Fediuk
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Physiology University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Anurag S. Sikarwar
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Physiology University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Nora Nolette
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shyamala Dakshinamurti
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Physiology University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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47
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Sutliff RL, Walp ER, Kim YH, Walker LA, El-Ali AM, Ma J, Bonsall R, Ramosevac S, Eaton DC, Verlander JW, Hansen L, Gleason RLJ, Pham TD, Hong S, Pech V, Wall SM. Contractile force is enhanced in Aortas from pendrin null mice due to stimulation of angiotensin II-dependent signaling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105101. [PMID: 25148130 PMCID: PMC4141771 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pendrin is a Cl−/HCO3− exchanger expressed in the apical regions of renal intercalated cells. Following pendrin gene ablation, blood pressure falls, in part, from reduced renal NaCl absorption. We asked if pendrin is expressed in vascular tissue and if the lower blood pressure observed in pendrin null mice is accompanied by reduced vascular reactivity. Thus, the contractile responses to KCl and phenylephrine (PE) were examined in isometrically mounted thoracic aortas from wild-type and pendrin null mice. Although pendrin expression was not detected in the aorta, pendrin gene ablation changed contractile protein abundance and increased the maximal contractile response to PE when normalized to cross sectional area (CSA). However, the contractile sensitivity to this agent was unchanged. The increase in contractile force/cross sectional area observed in pendrin null mice was due to reduced cross sectional area of the aorta and not from increased contractile force per vessel. The pendrin-dependent increase in maximal contractile response was endothelium- and nitric oxide-independent and did not occur from changes in Ca2+ sensitivity or chronic changes in catecholamine production. However, application of 100 nM angiotensin II increased force/CSA more in aortas from pendrin null than from wild type mice. Moreover, angiotensin type 1 receptor inhibitor (candesartan) treatment in vivo eliminated the pendrin-dependent changes contractile protein abundance and changes in the contractile force/cross sectional area in response to PE. In conclusion, pendrin gene ablation increases aorta contractile force per cross sectional area in response to angiotensin II and PE due to stimulation of angiotensin type 1 receptor-dependent signaling. The angiotensin type 1 receptor-dependent increase in vascular reactivity may mitigate the fall in blood pressure observed with pendrin gene ablation.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Anion Transport Proteins/deficiency
- Anion Transport Proteins/genetics
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Calcium/metabolism
- Catecholamines/biosynthesis
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gene Expression
- Kidney/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Phenylephrine/pharmacology
- Potassium Chloride/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Sulfate Transporters
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasoconstriction/genetics
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy L. Sutliff
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Erik R. Walp
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Young Hee Kim
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lori A. Walker
- Departments of Medicine and Cardiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Alexander M. El-Ali
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jing Ma
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Robert Bonsall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Semra Ramosevac
- Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Douglas C. Eaton
- Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jill W. Verlander
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Laura Hansen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Rudolph L. Jr. Gleason
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Truyen D. Pham
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Seongun Hong
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Vladimir Pech
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Susan M. Wall
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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48
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Li J, Chen S, Cleary RA, Wang R, Gannon OJ, Seto E, Tang DD. Histone deacetylase 8 regulates cortactin deacetylation and contraction in smooth muscle tissues. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 307:C288-95. [PMID: 24920679 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00102.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a family of enzymes that mediate nucleosomal histone deacetylation and gene expression. Some members of the HDAC family have also been implicated in nonhistone protein deacetylation, which modulates cell-cycle control, differentiation, and cell migration. However, the role of HDACs in smooth muscle contraction is largely unknown. Here, HDAC8 was localized both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of mouse and human smooth muscle cells. Knockdown of HDAC8 by lentivirus-encoding HDAC8 shRNA inhibited force development in response to acetylcholine. Treatment of smooth muscle tissues with HDAC8 inhibitor XXIV (OSU-HDAC-44) induced relaxation of precontracted smooth muscle tissues. In addition, cortactin is an actin-regulatory protein that undergoes deacetylation during migration of NIH 3T3 cells. In this study, acetylcholine stimulation induced cortactin deacetylation in mouse and human smooth muscle tissues, as evidenced by immunoblot analysis using antibody against acetylated lysine. Knockdown of HDAC8 by RNAi or treatment with the inhibitor attenuated cortactin deacetylation and actin polymerization without affecting myosin activation. Furthermore, expression of a charge-neutralizing cortactin mutant inhibited contraction and actin dynamics during contractile activation. These results suggest a novel mechanism for the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. In response to contractile stimulation, HDAC8 may mediate cortactin deacetylation, which subsequently promotes actin filament polymerization and smooth muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
| | - Shu Chen
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
| | - Rachel A Cleary
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
| | - Ruping Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
| | - Olivia J Gannon
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
| | - Edward Seto
- Molecular Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Dale D Tang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
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49
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Jernigan NL, Resta TC. Calcium Homeostasis and Sensitization in Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle. Microcirculation 2014; 21:259-71. [DOI: 10.1111/micc.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikki L. Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology; University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center; Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Thomas C. Resta
- Vascular Physiology Group; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology; University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center; Albuquerque New Mexico USA
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50
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Wang R, Cleary RA, Wang T, Li J, Tang DD. The association of cortactin with profilin-1 is critical for smooth muscle contraction. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:14157-69. [PMID: 24700464 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.548099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Profilin-1 (Pfn-1) is an actin-regulatory protein that has a role in modulating smooth muscle contraction. However, the mechanisms that regulate Pfn-1 in smooth muscle are not fully understood. Here, stimulation with acetylcholine induced an increase in the association of the adapter protein cortactin with Pfn-1 in smooth muscle cells/tissues. Furthermore, disruption of the protein/protein interaction by a cell-permeable peptide (CTTN-I peptide) attenuated actin polymerization and smooth muscle contraction without affecting myosin light chain phosphorylation at Ser-19. Knockdown of cortactin by lentivirus-mediated RNAi also diminished actin polymerization and smooth muscle force development. However, cortactin knockdown did not affect myosin activation. In addition, cortactin phosphorylation has been implicated in nonmuscle cell migration. In this study, acetylcholine stimulation induced cortactin phosphorylation at Tyr-421 in smooth muscle cells. Phenylalanine substitution at this position impaired cortactin/Pfn-1 interaction in response to contractile activation. c-Abl is a tyrosine kinase that is necessary for actin dynamics and contraction in smooth muscle. Here, c-Abl silencing inhibited the agonist-induced cortactin phosphorylation and the association of cortactin with Pfn-1. Finally, treatment with CTTN-I peptide reduced airway resistance and smooth muscle hyperreactivity in a murine model of asthma. These results suggest that the interaction of cortactin with Pfn-1 plays a pivotal role in regulating actin dynamics, smooth muscle contraction, and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma. The association of cortactin with Pfn-1 is regulated by c-Abl-mediated cortactin phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruping Wang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Rachel A Cleary
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Tao Wang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Jia Li
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Dale D Tang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
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