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Yashadhana A, Jaques K, Chaudhuri A, Pry J, Harris P. Intersectoral Partnerships Between Local Governments and Health Organisations in High-Income Contexts: A Scoping Review. Int J Health Policy Manag 2024; 13:7841. [PMID: 38618835 PMCID: PMC11016275 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2024.7841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local governments are the closest level of government to the communities they serve. Traditionally providing roads, rates and garbage services, they are also responsible for policy and regulation, particularly land use planning and community facilities and services that have direct and indirect impacts on (equitable) health and well-being. Partnerships between health agencies and local government are therefore an attractive proposition to progress actions that positively impact community health and well-being. Yet, the factors underpinning these partnerships across different contexts are underdeveloped, as mechanisms to improve population health and well-being. METHODS A scoping review was conducted to gain insight into the concepts, theories, sources, and knowledge gaps that shape partnerships between health and local governments. The search strategy followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines and was informed by a critical realist approach that identifies necessary, contingent and contextual factors in the literature. MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest Central databases were searched for studies published between January 2005 and July 2021. RESULTS The search yielded 3472 studies, after deleting duplicates and initial title and abstract screening, 188 papers underwent full text review. Twenty-nine papers were included in the review. Key themes shaping partnerships included funding and resources; partnership qualities; governance and policy; and evaluation and measures of success. The functional, organisational and individual aspects of these themes are explored and presented in a framework. CONCLUSION Given that local government are the closest level of government to community, this paper provides a sophisticated roadmap that can underpin partnerships between local government and health agencies aiming to influence population health outcomes. By identifying key themes across contexts, we provide a framework that may assist in designing and evaluating evidence-informed health and local government partnerships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryati Yashadhana
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karla Jaques
- Ingham Institute, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Health Equity Training, Research and Evaluation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Ingham Institute, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Aulina Chaudhuri
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennie Pry
- Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- Healthy Places, Population Health, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Patrick Harris
- Ingham Institute, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Health Equity Training, Research and Evaluation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Ingham Institute, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
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Welter CR, Herrera Y, Uskali AL, Seweryn S, Call L, Lasky S, Agbodo N, Ezike NO. Assessing Local Public Health Agency Alignment With Public Health 3.0: A Content Analysis of Illinois Community Health Improvement Plans. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2022; 28:E645-E652. [PMID: 34750326 PMCID: PMC8957484 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Public Health 3.0 described the need for public health agencies and the public health workforce to transform and obtain new skills and approaches to address the social determinants of health (SDOH) through cross-sectoral partnerships and collective action. OBJECTIVE To assess the current state of local health departments' Public Health 3.0 alignment through interventions and initiatives documented in community health improvement plans (CHIPs). METHOD We conducted a content analysis of Illinois CHIPs from July to November 2020. A coding framework aligned with Public Health 3.0 concepts was developed on the basis of constructs from the literature, faculty expertise, and preliminary reviews of the CHIPs. Two researchers deductively coded for health priorities and interventions in Microsoft Excel 2016 and calculated the number of CHIPs in which each code appeared. RESULTS Ninety CHIPs representing 98 counties across the state were analyzed; 2 CHIPs were excluded because of a lack of strategies. Our content analysis found that 13% (n = 12) of CHIPs had explicit priorities related to SDOH and 12% (n = 11) included interventions that addressed socioeconomic factors. Ten percent (n = 9) of CHIPs proposed multilevel multicomponent interventions. Eighty-nine percent (n = 80) of CHIPs included community-level interventions, and 53% (n = 48) of CHIPs included policy, systems, and environmental strategies focused on specific health content. The majority of CHIPs (96%; n = 86) had at least 1 partnership strategy. Thirty-two percent (n = 29) of CHIPs mentioned the use of an evidence-based strategy. CONCLUSIONS Our content analysis found opportunities to improve Illinois public health agencies' Public Health 3.0 capacities and capability. Findings are limited to this data source and definitions of the Public Health 3.0 attributes, leaving room for practice and research opportunities to develop operational definitions of Public Health 3.0; capacity building to improve the public health workforce readiness; and research and evaluation to measure improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina R Welter
- Division of Health Policy and Administration (Dr Welter and Mss Herrera and Uskali), Policy, Practice and Prevention Research Center (Dr Welter and Mss Herrera and Uskali), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics Division (Dr Seweryn), School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Center for Community Capacity Development, Illinois Public Health Institute, Chicago, Illinois (Mss Call and Lasky); and Division of Health Data and Policy (Dr Agbodo), Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH), Chicago, Illinois (Dr Ezike)
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Welter C, Jarpe-Ratner E, Bonney T, Pinsker E, Fisher E, Deb N, Yankelev A, Kapadia D, Love M, Zanoni J. Evaluation Results From the Healthy Work Collaborative: A Cross-Sectoral Capacity Building Partnership to Address Precarious Employment. Health Promot Pract 2022; 23:793-803. [PMID: 35220784 DOI: 10.1177/15248399211069099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has illuminated the profound health and safety risks of precariously employed workers, many of whom are disproportionately Latinx and Black. Precarious employment (PE) is a social determinant of health (SDOH) characterized by low wages, hazardous conditions, unstable work schedules, no termination protection, and few benefits. Even before COVID-19, calls for more effective health promotion efforts to address SDOH like PE existed. PURPOSE The University of Illinois at Chicago Center for Healthy Work, Healthy Communities Through Healthy Work developed the Healthy Work Collaborative (HWC) as an evidence-informed capacity building policy, systems, and environmental change (PSE) initiative. The HWC aimed to facilitate cross-sectoral partnerships between health and labor sector partners. The labor sector provided technical assistance (TA) to participants to improve their ability to address PE through PSE. METHODS This article reports findings from a mixed-methods evaluation using the Kirkpatrick training model including participants' reactions, learning, behavior, and outcomes. A pre-post survey was administered to participants (N = 21) and analyzed descriptively; 3-month post HWC interviews were conducted (N = 13) and thematically analyzed. CONCLUSION Findings included positive results at all Kirkpatrick levels. Participants' reported that the HWC curriculum and delivery was valuable and well received; they demonstrated gains toward addressing PE through PSE knowledge and skills and increased or strengthened health/labor partnerships. In addition, HWC influenced participants' application of HWC concepts, and in a few cases, participants' made changes in policies and plans in their organizational settings. The HWC may serve as a model to address other SDOH through cross-sectoral PSE change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tessa Bonney
- University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eve Pinsker
- University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Nandini Deb
- Asian Human Services Family Health Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anna Yankelev
- Lake County Health Department and Community Health Center, Waukegan, IL, USA
| | | | - Marsha Love
- University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Asada Y, Mitric S, Chriqui JF. Addressing Equity in Rural Schools: Opportunities and Challenges for School Meal Standards Implementation. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2020; 90:779-786. [PMID: 32820533 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies examine why rural public schools have weaker policies and practices related to school nutrition environments compared to their urban counterparts. It is important to understand this disparity because federal school meal standards aim for children to access health-promoting nutrition environments. In this study, we identify challenges and opportunities for the implementation of school meal standards in rural high schools. METHODS We interviewed 38 rural school professionals from 22 high schools across 7 states. School professionals included food service directors, principals, school nurses, and teachers. Team coding in Atlas.ti Qualitative Data Analysis software v8 and principles of comparative analysis were employed to generate themes related to challenges and opportunities. RESULTS Overall, school professionals described improvements with implementation experiences and student acceptance over time. Key challenges included the negative influences of home and community food environments and limited staff size and capacity. Key opportunities involved joining co-ops to enhance purchasing power, leveraging state technical assistance, and forming external partnerships. CONCLUSIONS This study offers insights from a broad range of rural school professionals' implementation experiences. The findings can inform governments and technical assistance agencies working with rural schools and school districts to facilitate implementation and sustainability of initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Asada
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, 1747 W Roosevelt Rd M/C 275, Chicago, IL, 60608
| | - Svetlana Mitric
- College of Education, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1040 W Harrison St, Chicago, IL, 60607
| | - Jamie F Chriqui
- Division of Health Policy & Administration and Institute for Health Research and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, 1603 W. Taylor Street, MC 923, Chicago, 60608
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Trovato GM. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and Atherosclerosis at a crossroad: The overlap of a theory of change and bioinformatics. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2020; 11:57-63. [PMID: 32435522 PMCID: PMC7226912 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v11.i3.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (ATH) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are medical conditions that straddle a communal epidemiology, underlying mechanism and a clinical syndrome that has protean manifestations, touching every organ in the body. These twin partners, ATH and NAFLD, are seemingly straightforward and relatively simple topics when considered alone, but their interdependence calls for more thought. The study of the mutual relationship of NAFLD and ATH should involve big data analytics approaches, given that they encompass a constellation of diseases and are related to several recognized risk factors and health determinants and calls to an explicit theory of change, to justify intervention. Research studies on the “association between aortic stiffness and liver steatosis in morbidly obese patients”, published recently, sparsely hypothesize new mechanisms of disease, claiming the “long shadow of NAFLD” as a risk factor, if not as a causative factor of arterial stiffness and ATH. This statement is probably overreaching the argument and harmful for the scientific credence of this area of medicine. Despite the verification that NAFLD and cardiovascular disease are strongly interrelated, current evidence is that NAFLD may be a useful indicator for flagging early arteriosclerosis, and not a likely causative factor. Greater sustainable contribution by precision medicine tools, by validated bioinformatics approaches, is needed for substantiating conjectures, assumptions and inferences related to the management of big data and addressed to intervention for behavioral changes within an explicit theory of change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo M Trovato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, the School of Medicine of the University of Catania, Catania 95125, Italy
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