1
|
Kolla HB, Dutt M, Kumar A, Hebbandi Nanjunadappa R, Karakach T, Singh KP, Kelvin D, Clement Mertens PP, Umeshappa CS. Immuno-informatics study identifies conserved T cell epitopes in non-structural proteins of Bluetongue virus serotypes: formulation of a computationally optimized next-generation broad-spectrum multi-epitope vaccine. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1424307. [PMID: 39011043 PMCID: PMC11246920 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1424307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bluetongue (BT) poses a significant threat to the livestock industry, affecting various animal species and resulting in substantial economic losses. The existence of numerous BT virus (BTV) serotypes has hindered control efforts, highlighting the need for broad-spectrum vaccines. Methodology In this study, we evaluated the conserved amino acid sequences within key non-structural (NS) proteins of BTV and identified numerous highly conserved murine- and bovine-specific MHC class I-restricted (MHC-I) CD8+ and MHC-II-restricted CD4+ epitopes. We then screened these conserved epitopes for antigenicity, allergenicity, toxicity, and solubility. Using these epitopes, we developed in silico-based broad-spectrum multiepitope vaccines with Toll-like receptor (TLR-4) agonists. The predicted proinflammatory cytokine response was assessed in silico using the C-IMMSIM server. Structural modeling and refinement were achieved using Robetta and GalaxyWEB servers. Finally, we assessed the stability of the docking complexes through extensive 100-nanosecond molecular dynamics simulations before considering the vaccines for codon optimization and in silico cloning. Results We found many epitopes that meet these criteria within NS1 and NS2 proteins and developed in silico broad-spectrum vaccines. The immune simulation studies revealed that these vaccines induce high levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 in the vaccinated groups. Protein-protein docking analysis demonstrated promising epitopes with strong binding affinities to TLR-4. The docked complexes were stable, with minimal Root Mean Square Deviation and Root Mean Square Fluctuation values. Finally, the in silico-cloned plasmids have high % of GC content with > 0.8 codon adaptation index, suggesting they are suitable for expressing the protein vaccines in prokaryotic system. Discussion These next-generation vaccine designs are promising and warrant further investigation in wet lab experiments to assess their immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy for practical application in livestock. Our findings offer a robust framework for developing a comprehensive, broad-spectrum vaccine, potentially revolutionizing BT control and prevention strategies in the livestock industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harish Babu Kolla
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Immunology Division, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Mansi Dutt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Immunology Division, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Immunology Division, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Roopa Hebbandi Nanjunadappa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Immunology Division, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Tobias Karakach
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- Center for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - David Kelvin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Immunology Division, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Channakeshava Sokke Umeshappa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Immunology Division, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiménez-Cabello L, Utrilla-Trigo S, Benavides-Silván J, Anguita J, Calvo-Pinilla E, Ortego J. IFNAR(-/-) Mice Constitute a Suitable Animal Model for Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Study and Vaccine Evaluation. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:3076-3093. [PMID: 38904031 PMCID: PMC11186350 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.95275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD), caused by Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), is an emerging and severe livestock disease. Recent incursion and distribution of EHDV in Europe have outlined the emerging character of EHD. Despite its worldwide impact, numerous knowledge gaps exist. A range of inconveniences restricts utilization of natural hosts of EHDV. Here, we show that adult mice deficient in type I IFN receptor (IFNAR(-/-)) are highly susceptible to EHDV-6 and EHDV-8 infection when the virus is administered subcutaneously. Disease was characterized by ruffled hair, reluctance to move, dehydration and conjunctivitis, with viraemia detected from day 5 post-infection. A deeper characterization of EHDV-8 infection showed viral replication in the lung, liver, spleen, kidney, testis and ovaries. Importantly, increased expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and CXCL2 were observed in spleen after EHDV-8 infection. Furthermore, IFNAR(-/-) adult mice immunized with a EHDV-8 inactivated vaccine elicited neutralizing antibodies specific of EHDV-8 and full protection against challenge with a lethal dose of this virus. This study also explores the possibilities of this animal model for study of BTV and EHDV coinfection. In summary, the IFNAR(-/-) mouse model faithfully recapitulates EHD and can be applied for vaccine testing, which can facilitate progress in addressing the animal health challenge posed by this virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Jiménez-Cabello
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Utrilla-Trigo
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Benavides-Silván
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Juan Anguita
- Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias (CIC bioGUNE), 48160 Derio, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48012 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Eva Calvo-Pinilla
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ortego
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiménez-Cabello L, Utrilla-Trigo S, Lorenzo G, Ortego J, Calvo-Pinilla E. Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus: Current Knowledge and Emerging Perspectives. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1339. [PMID: 37317313 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease (EHD) of ruminants is a viral pathology that has significant welfare, social, and economic implications. The causative agent, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), belongs to the Orbivirus genus and leads to significant regional disease outbreaks among livestock and wildlife in North America, Asia, Africa, and Oceania, causing significant morbidity and mortality. During the past decade, this viral disease has become a real threat for countries of the Mediterranean basin, with the recent occurrence of several important outbreaks in livestock. Moreover, the European Union registered the first cases of EHDV ever detected within its territory. Competent vectors involved in viral transmission, Culicoides midges, are expanding its distribution, conceivably due to global climate change. Therefore, livestock and wild ruminants around the globe are at risk for this serious disease. This review provides an overview of current knowledge about EHDV, including changes of distribution and virulence, an examination of different animal models of disease, and a discussion about potential treatments to control the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Jiménez-Cabello
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Utrilla-Trigo
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Lorenzo
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ortego
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Calvo-Pinilla
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Faber E, Tshilwane SI, Van Kleef M, Pretorius A. The impact of Escherichia coli contamination products present in recombinant African horse sickness virus serotype 4 proteins on the innate and humoral immune responses. Mol Immunol 2022; 152:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
5
|
Development of a Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Based on Purified Recombinant Viral Protein 7 for Serological Diagnosis of Epizootic Haemorrhagic Disease in Camels. J Trop Med 2022; 2022:5210771. [PMID: 35356489 PMCID: PMC8959998 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5210771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) is a member of the Orbivirus genus in the Reoviridae family, and it is the etiological agent of an arthropod-transmitted disease that affects domestic and wild ruminants. Due to its significant economic impact, many attempts have been done in order to develop diagnostic immunoassays mainly based on the use of the viral protein 7 (VP7), that is, the immunodominant serogroup-specific antigen. In this work, a recombinant VP7 (recVP7) of EHDV serotype 2 was produced in a baculovirus system, and after purification using ion metal affinity chromatography, we obtained a high yield of recombinant protein characterized by a high degree of purity. We used the purified recVP7 as reagent to develop a competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay (c-ELISA), and we tested the presence of EHDV antibodies in 185 dromedary camel serum samples. The c-ELISA showed good performance parameters in recognising positive sera of naturally EHDV-infected dromedary camels; in particular, our developed test reached 85.7% of sensitivity, 98.1% of specificity, 93% of accuracy, and a high agreement value with results obtained by the commercial ELISA kit (Cohen's kappa value of 0.85) that we adopted as the reference method. This c-ELISA could be a useful screening test to monitor the virus spread in camels that are sentinel animals for endemic areas of disease.
Collapse
|
6
|
Perspectives on the Changing Landscape of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Control. Viruses 2021; 13:v13112268. [PMID: 34835074 PMCID: PMC8618044 DOI: 10.3390/v13112268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an insect-transmitted viral disease of wild and domestic ruminants. It was first described following a 1955 epizootic in North American white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), a species which is highly susceptible to the causative agent of EHD, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV). EHDV has been detected globally across tropical and temperate regions, largely corresponding to the presence of Culicoides spp. biting midges which transmit the virus between ruminant hosts. It regularly causes high morbidity and mortality in wild and captive deer populations in endemic areas during epizootics. Although cattle historically have been less susceptible to EHDV, reports of clinical disease in cattle have increased in the past two decades. There is a pressing need to identify new methods to prevent and mitigate outbreaks and reduce the considerable impacts of EHDV on livestock and wildlife. This review discusses recent research advancements towards the control of EHDV, including the development of new investigative tools and progress in basic and applied research focused on virus detection, disease mitigation, and vector control. The potential impacts and implications of these advancements on EHD management are also discussed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Suda Y, Murota K, Shirafuji H, Yanase T. Genomic analysis of putative novel serotypes of Tibet orbivirus isolated in Japan. Arch Virol 2021; 166:1151-1156. [PMID: 33547486 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-04966-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tibet orbivirus (TIBOV) was initially isolated in Tibet in 2009 and subsequently in Guangdong, Hunan, and Yunnan, China. We document the first isolation of TIBOV outside of China: two TIBOV isolates from Culicoides collected in 2009 and 2010 in Kagoshima, Japan. Their complete genome sequences were also determined. Our results suggest that the two virus isolates are of novel serotypes, evident by variability within genome segment 2 encoding VP2. These new putative TIBOV serotypes will help with future virus surveillance and with the evaluation of its potential to cause disease in domestic ruminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Suda
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 891-0105, Japan
| | - Katsunori Murota
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 891-0105, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shirafuji
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 891-0105, Japan
| | - Tohru Yanase
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 891-0105, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dedkov VG, Dolgova AS, Safonova MV, Samoilov AE, Belova OA, Kholodilov IS, Matsvay AD, Speranskaya AS, Khafizov K, Karganova GG. Isolation and characterization of Wad Medani virus obtained in the tuva Republic of Russia. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2020; 12:101612. [PMID: 33291056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Wad Medani virus (WMV) belongs to the genus Orbivirus and is a poorly studied arbovirus with unclear medical significance. Presently, a limited number of WMV strains are characterized and available in NCBI GenBank, some isolated many years ago. A new WMV strain was isolated in 2012 from Dermacentor nuttalli ticks collected from sheep in the Tuva Republic, Russia, and sequenced using high-throughput methods. Complete coding sequences were obtained revealing signs of multiple intersegment reassortments. These point to a high variability potential in WMV that may lead to the formation of strains with novel properties. These new data on WMV can promote better understanding of: ecological features of its circulation; relationships within the genus Orbivirus; and the medical significance of the virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir G Dedkov
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Federal Service on Consumers' Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Surveillance, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Anna S Dolgova
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Federal Service on Consumers' Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Surveillance, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina V Safonova
- Anti-Plague Center, Federal Service on Consumers' Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Surveillance, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei E Samoilov
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Federal Service on Consumers' Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Surveillance, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; Central Research Institute for Epidemiology, Federal Service on Consumers' Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Surveillance, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oxana A Belova
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides FSBSI Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan S Kholodilov
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides FSBSI Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina D Matsvay
- FSBI "Center of Strategic Planning" of the Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Anna S Speranskaya
- Central Research Institute for Epidemiology, Federal Service on Consumers' Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Surveillance, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kamil Khafizov
- Central Research Institute for Epidemiology, Federal Service on Consumers' Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Surveillance, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Galina G Karganova
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides FSBSI Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS, Moscow, Russia; Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Aruleba RT, Adekiya TA, Molefe PF, Ikwegbue PC, Oyinloye BE, Kappo AP. Insights into functional amino acids of ULBP2 as potential immunogens against cancer. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
10
|
Lean FZX, Payne J, Harper J, Devlin J, Williams DT, Bingham J. Evaluation of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) Antibodies for the Immunohistochemical Detection of BTV and Other Orbiviruses. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081207. [PMID: 32784809 PMCID: PMC7464351 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of bluetongue virus (BTV) antigens in formalin-fixed tissues has been challenging; therefore, only a limited number of studies on suitable immunohistochemical approaches have been reported. This study details the successful application of antibodies for the immunohistochemical detection of BTV in BSR variant baby hamster kidney cells (BHK-BSR) and infected sheep lungs that were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE). BTV reactive antibodies raised against non-structural (NS) proteins 1, 2, and 3/3a and viral structural protein 7 (VP7) were first evaluated on FFPE BTV-infected cell pellets for their ability to detect BTV serotype 1 (BTV-1). Antibodies that were successful in immunolabelling BTV-1 infected cell pellets were further tested, using similar methods, to determine their broader immunoreactivity against a diverse range of BTV and other orbiviruses. Antibodies specific for NS1, NS2, and NS3/3a were able to detect all BTV isolates tested, and the VP7 antibody cross-reacted with all BTV isolates, except BTV-15. The NS1 antibodies were BTV serogroup-specific, while the NS2, NS3/3a, and VP7 antibodies demonstrated immunologic cross-reactivity to related orbiviruses. These antibodies also detected viral antigens in BTV-3 infected sheep lung. This study demonstrates the utility of FFPE-infected cell pellets for the development and validation of BTV immunohistochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Z. X. Lean
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP, formerly AAHL), Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; (J.P.); (J.H.); (D.T.W.)
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia;
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
- Correspondence: (F.Z.X.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Jean Payne
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP, formerly AAHL), Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; (J.P.); (J.H.); (D.T.W.)
| | - Jennifer Harper
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP, formerly AAHL), Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; (J.P.); (J.H.); (D.T.W.)
| | - Joanne Devlin
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia;
| | - David T. Williams
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP, formerly AAHL), Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; (J.P.); (J.H.); (D.T.W.)
| | - John Bingham
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP, formerly AAHL), Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; (J.P.); (J.H.); (D.T.W.)
- Correspondence: (F.Z.X.L.); (J.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Luciani M, Armillotta G, Ciarelli A, Ulisse S, Teodori L, Bortone G, Giamboi A, Monaco F, Tittarelli M, Di Ventura M, Iannetti L, Podaliri Vulpiani M, Di Febo T. Production of monoclonal antibodies binding to the VP7 protein of African horse sickness virus. J Virol Methods 2019; 270:131-136. [PMID: 31095974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against AHSV were produced by immunising BALB/c mice with AHSV serotype 9 and six clones able to recognize specifically the VP7-AHSV with a strong reactivity were selected. The specificity of the MAbs was assessed in i-ELISA against a commercial VP7-AHSV and in immunoblot against a home-made VP7-AHSV, expressed by a Baculovirus expression system; potential cross-reactions with related orbiviruses (Bluetongue virus and Epizootic Haemorrhagic Disease virus) were investigated as well. One of the six MAbs selected, MAb 7F11E14, was tested in direct immunofluorescence and reacted with all nine AHSV serotypes, but didn't cross-react with BTV and EHDV. MAb 7F11E14 was also used to develop a competitive ELISA and was able to detect AHSV antibodies in the sera of AHS infected animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Luciani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy.
| | - Gisella Armillotta
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Antonella Ciarelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Simonetta Ulisse
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Liana Teodori
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Grazia Bortone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giamboi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Monaco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Manuela Tittarelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Mauro Di Ventura
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Luigi Iannetti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Tiziana Di Febo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Solubilisation and purification of recombinant bluetongue virus VP7 expressed in a bacterial system. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 147:85-93. [PMID: 29551716 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an Orbivirus that has a profound economic impact due to direct loss of livestock as well as movement bans in an attempt to prevent the spread of the disease to susceptible areas. BTV VP7, along with VP3, forms the inner capsid core of the virus where it acts as the barrier between the outer layer and the inner core housing the genetic material. Purification of BTV VP7 has proven to be problematic and expensive mainly due to its insolubility is several expression systems. To overcome this, in this paper we present a protocol for the solubilisation of BTV VP7 from inclusion bodies expressed in E.coli, and subsequent purification using nickel affinity chromatography. The purified protein was then characterised using native PAGE, far ultraviolet circular dichroism (far-UV CD) and intrinsic fluorescence and found to have both secondary and tertiary structure even in the presence of 5 M urea. Both tertiary and secondary structure was further shown to be to be maintained at least to 42 °C in 5 M urea.
Collapse
|