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Sinharoy A, Reddy N, Lin JK, Nambi V, Yang EY, Kougias P, Taylor AA, Lumsden AB, Ballantyne CM, Morrisett JD, Brunner G. Magnetic resonance imaging based superficial femoral artery velocity measurements in peripheral artery disease. Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 93:128-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Theofilis P, Oikonomou E, Lazaros G, Vogiatzi G, Anastasiou M, Mystakidi VC, Goliopoulou A, Christoforatou E, Bourouki E, Vavouranaki G, Marinos G, Tousoulis D. The association of diabetes mellitus with carotid atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in the Corinthia study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:567-576. [PMID: 35110000 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Evaluation of arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerotic burden can provide important prognostic information regarding the risk of future cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to assess these vascular properties in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS AND RESULTS In the context of the observational "Corinthia" study, we analyzed 1757 participants with determined DM status. Carotid ultrasonography was performed to evaluate intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid plaque burden. Arterial stiffness was estimated via assessment of carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Individuals with DM had increased mean cIMT, maximum cIMT, carotid plaque burden, and cfPWV compared to those without DM. After multivariable regression analysis, the presence of DM was still associated with significantly increased mean cIMT (by 0.074 mm, p = .004), maximum cIMT (by 0.134 mm, p = .007), cfPWV (by 0.929 m/s, p < .001), and a higher prevalence of carotid plaques (odds ratio 1.52, 95% confidence intervals 1.11, 2.10, p = .01). In a propensity score-matched cohort, mean cIMT, maximum cIMT, and carotid plaque burden were significantly higher in individuals with DM. Analysis according to territory of cIMT measurement displayed substantial differences in left (DM: 1.32 ± 0.78 mm vs. no DM: 1.20 ± 0.66 mm, p = .04) and right carotid bulbs (DM: 1.33 ± 0.82 mm vs. no DM: 1.18 ± 0.69 mm, p = .02) with respect to DM status while non-significant variations were observed in left (DM: 0.98 ± 0.49 mm vs. no DM: 0.91 ± 0.35 mm, p = .06) and right common carotid artery (DM: 0.95 ± 0.50 mm vs. no DM: 0.92 ± 0.40 mm, p = .36). CONCLUSIONS Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased cfPWV and cIMT, with more pronounced lesions in the carotid bulb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
| | - George Lazaros
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Anastasiou
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Chara Mystakidi
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Athina Goliopoulou
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Christoforatou
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evgenia Bourouki
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vavouranaki
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Marinos
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Cardiology Department, General Hospital of Athens Hippokration, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Oikonomou E, Lazaros G, Christoforatou E, Chasikidis C, Vavouranaki G, Vogiatzi G, Papamikroulis GA, Tsalamandris S, Gergiopoulos G, Mazaris S, Theofilis P, Anastasiou M, Galiatsatos N, Tousoulis D. Breakfast association with arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerotic burden. Insights from the 'Corinthia' study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:744-750. [PMID: 31138498 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The role of dietary patterns, in cardiovascular diseases has been challenged. The role of breakfast as an element of balance energy intake has gained research interest. However, the effects of dietary patterns related to breakfast consumption on vascular function are unknown. We explored the association of breakfast consumption habits with arterial wall elastic properties and carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In this cross-sectional study we enrolled 2043 inhabitants of the Corinthia region in Greece. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) was used to assess arterial stiffness. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was measured and the mean and the maximum cIMT were calculated. According to food frequency questionnaires, breakfast contribution in total daily energy intake (>20%; 5-20% and <5%) was estimated. Subjects were categorized as high-energy breakfast consumers (HeBC), low-energy breakfast consumers (LeBC) and those skipping breakfast (SBf) respectively. From the study population 240 subjects were categorized as HeBC, 897 as LeBC, and 681 as SBf. The mean cf-PWV was significantly higher in subjects SBf compared to LeBC and HeBC (9.35 ± 2.82 m/s vs. 9.09 ± 2.77 m/s vs. 8.76 ± 2.69 m/s, p = 0.02). The mean cIMT was significantly higher in subjects SBf compared to LeBC and HeBC (1.04 ± 0.46 mm vs. 0.99 ± 0.43 mm vs. 0.92 ± 0.39 mm, p = 0.01). Even after adjustment for potential confounders and cardiovascular risk factors SBf subjects have significantly increased mean cIMT and cf-PWV. CONCLUSION Skipping breakfast has an adverse effect on arterial stiffness and carotid atheromatic burden. Increased breakfast total energy intake may act protectively against atherosclerosis, a finding worth of further pathophysiologic exploration with potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - George Lazaros
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Christoforatou
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Chasikidis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vavouranaki
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - George A Papamikroulis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Tsalamandris
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Gergiopoulos
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Savvas Mazaris
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Myriam Anastasiou
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Galiatsatos
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Yoshikawa T, Kumagai H, Myoenzono K, Tsujimoto T, Tanaka K, Maeda S. Aerobic exercise training normalizes central blood pressure regulation after oral glucose loading in overweight/obese men. Clin Exp Hypertens 2018; 41:28-35. [DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1441857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Yoshikawa
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kumagai
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kanae Myoenzono
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takehiko Tsujimoto
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kiyoji Tanaka
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Seiji Maeda
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Smolders L, Mensink RP, van den Driessche JJ, Joris PJ, Plat J. Theobromine consumption does not improve fasting and postprandial vascular function in overweight and obese subjects. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:981-987. [PMID: 29330660 PMCID: PMC6499748 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1612-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Backgound Theobromine, a component of cocoa, may favorably affect conventional lipid-related cardiovascular risk markers, but effects on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and other vascular function markers are not known. Objective To evaluate the effects of 4-week theobromine consumption (500 mg/day) on fasting and postprandial vascular function markers. Design In a randomized, double-blind crossover study, 44 apparently healthy overweight (N = 30) and obese (N = 14) men and women with low HDL-C concentrations, consumed daily 500 mg theobromine or placebo for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, FMD, peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT), augmentation index (AIx), pulse wave velocity (PWV), blood pressure (BP) and retinal microvasculature measurements were performed. These measurements were carried out under fasting conditions and 2.5 h after a high-fat mixed meal challenge. Results 4-week theobromine consumption did not change fasting vascular function markers, except for a decrease in central AIx (cAIx, − 1.7 pp, P = 0.037) and a trend towards smaller venular calibers (− 2 µm, P = 0.074). Consuming a high-fat mixed meal decreased FMD (0.89 pp, P = 0.002), reactive hyperemia index (RHI, − 0.30, P < 0.001), peripheral systolic BP (SBP, − 3 mmHg, P ≤ 0.001), peripheral diastolic BP (DBP, − 2 mmHg, P ≤ 0.001), central SBP (− 6 mmHg, P ≤ 0.001) and central DBP (− 2 mmHg, P ≤ 0.001), but increased heart rate (HR, 2 bpm, P < 0.001). Theobromine did not modify these postprandial effects, but increased postprandially the brachial artery diameter (0.03 cm, P = 0.015), and decreased the cAIx corrected for a HR of 75 (cAIx75, − 5.0 pp, P = 0.004) and peripheral AIx (pAIx, − 6.3 pp, P = 0.017). Conclusion Theobromine consumption did not improve fasting and postprandial endothelial function, but increased postprandial peripheral arterial diameters and decreased the AIx. These findings do not suggest that theobromine alone contributes to the proposed cardioprotective effects of cocoa. This trial was registered on clinicaltrials.gov under study number NCT02209025. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00394-018-1612-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Smolders
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald P Mensink
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jose J van den Driessche
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Joris
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jogchum Plat
- Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Sanchez-Aguadero N, Patino-Alonso MC, Mora-Simon S, Gomez-Marcos MA, Alonso-Dominguez R, Sanchez-Salgado B, Recio-Rodriguez JI, Garcia-Ortiz L. Postprandial Effects of Breakfast Glycemic Index on Vascular Function among Young Healthy Adults: A Crossover Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070712. [PMID: 28686199 PMCID: PMC5537827 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the postprandial effects of high and low glycemic index (GI) breakfasts on vascular function. It was a crossover trial that included 40 young healthy adults (50% women), aged 20-40 years, who were recruited at primary care settings. They consumed three experimental breakfasts in randomized order, each one separated by a 1-week washout period: (1) control conditions (only water); (2) low GI (LGI) breakfast (29.4 GI and 1489 KJ energy); and (3) high GI (HGI) breakfast (64.0 GI and 1318 KJ energy). Blood samples were collected at 60 and 120 min after each breakfast to determine glucose and insulin levels. Vascular parameters were measured at 15 min intervals. Augmentation index (AIx) was studied as a primary outcome. Secondary outcomes comprised glucose, insulin, heart rate (HR) and pulse pressures (PPs). We found a trend toward increased AIx, HR and PPs for the HGI versus the LGI breakfast. A significant interaction between the type of breakfast consumed and all measured parameters was identified (p < 0.05) except for central PP. Stratifying data by sex, this interaction remained significant for AIx and augmentation pressure only in males (p < 0.05). In conclusion, breakfast GI could affect postprandial vascular responses in young healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sanchez-Aguadero
- Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and Leon Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37003 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Maria C Patino-Alonso
- Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Statistics, University of Salamanca, 37003 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Sara Mora-Simon
- Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), School of Labor Relations of Zamora, University of Salamanca Affiliated Center, 37003 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Manuel A Gomez-Marcos
- Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and Leon Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37003 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Rosario Alonso-Dominguez
- Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and Leon Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37003 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Benigna Sanchez-Salgado
- Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and Leon Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37003 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Jose I Recio-Rodriguez
- Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and Leon Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, 37003 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Luis Garcia-Ortiz
- Primary Care Research Unit, The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla and Leon Health Service (SACYL), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37003 Salamanca, Spain.
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Lane-Cordova AD, Witmer JR, Dubishar K, DuBose LE, Chenard CA, Siefers KJ, Myers JE, Points LJ, Pierce GL. High trans but not saturated fat beverage causes an acute reduction in postprandial vascular endothelial function but not arterial stiffness in humans. Vasc Med 2016; 21:429-436. [PMID: 27558396 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x16656063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A diet high in trans-fatty acids (TFAs) is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than a diet high in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), but the mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that a beverage high in TFAs would cause a larger reduction in postprandial endothelial function and an increase in arterial stiffness, in part from greater reductions in insulin sensitivity, compared with a beverage high in SFAs. Eleven healthy adults (aged 47±5 years) ingested a warm test beverage (520 kcal, 56 g total fat, 5 g carbohydrate, 1 g protein) high in either TFAs or SFAs in a randomized cross-over study. Ingestion of the beverage high in TFAs (p<0.01) but not high in SFAs (p=0.49) decreased endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, mmΔ) at 3-4 hours (p<0.01 for time; p=0.034 for interaction), but did not alter aortic stiffness or carotid β-stiffness. The homeostasis model of insulin resistance (interaction p=0.062) tended to decrease after SFAs but not TFAs. A beverage high in TFAs but not SFAs results in a postprandial reduction in endothelial function and a trend for decreased insulin sensitivity, potentially explaining the higher risk of CVD with a diet high in TFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbi D Lane-Cordova
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jordan R Witmer
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Dubishar
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Lyndsey E DuBose
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Catherine A Chenard
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kyle J Siefers
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Janie E Myers
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Lauren J Points
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Gary L Pierce
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA .,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Center for Hypertension Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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