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Albery GF, Sweeny AR, Webber Q. How behavioural ageing affects infectious disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105426. [PMID: 37839673 PMCID: PMC10842249 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is associated with profound changes in behaviour that could influence exposure and susceptibility to infectious disease. As well as determining emergent patterns of infection across individuals of different ages, behavioural ageing could interact with, confound, or counteract age-related changes in other traits. Here, we examine how behavioural ageing can manifest and influence patterns of infection in wild animals. We discuss a range of age-related changes that involve interactions between behaviour and components of exposure and susceptibility to infection, including social ageing and immunosenescence, acquisition of novel parasites and pathogens with age, changes in spatial behaviours, and age-related hygiene and sickness behaviours. Overall, most behavioural changes are expected to result in a reduced exposure rate, but there is relatively little evidence for this phenomenon, emerging largely from a rarity of explicit tests of exposure changes over the lifespan. This review offers a framework for understanding how ageing, behaviour, immunity, and infection interact, providing a series of hypotheses and testable predictions to improve our understanding of health in ageing societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory F Albery
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA; Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK; Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Amy R Sweeny
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, UK
| | - Quinn Webber
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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2
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Co M, Moreno-Agostino D, Wu YT, Couch E, Posarac A, Wi T, Sadana R, Carlisle S, Prina M. Non-pharmacological interventions for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in older adults: A systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284324. [PMID: 37224103 PMCID: PMC10208510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND STIs in older adults (adults aged 50 years and older) are on the rise due to variable levels of sex literacy and misperceived susceptibility to infections, among other factors. We systematically reviewed evidence on the effect of non-pharmacological interventions for the primary prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and high-risk sexual behaviour in older adults. METHODS We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, PSYCINFO, Global Health and the Cochrane Library from inception until March 9th, 2022. We included RCTs, cluster-randomised trials, quasi-RCTs, interrupted time series (ITS) and controlled and uncontrolled before-and-after studies of non-pharmacological primary prevention interventions (e.g. educational and behaviour change interventions) in older adults, reporting either qualitative or quantitative findings. At least two review authors independently assessed the eligibility of articles and extracted data on main characteristics, risk of bias and study findings. Narrative synthesis was performed. RESULTS Ten studies (two RCTs, seven quasi-experiment studies and one qualitative study) were found to be eligible for this review. These interventions were mainly information, education and communication activities (IECs) aimed at fostering participants' knowledge on STIs and safer sex, mostly focused on HIV. Most studies used self-reported outcomes measuring knowledge and behaviour change related to HIV, STIs and safer sex. Studies generally reported an increase in STI/HIV knowledge. However, risk of bias was high or critical across all studies. CONCLUSIONS Literature on non-pharmacological interventions for older adults is sparse, particularly outside the US and for STIs other than HIV. There is evidence that IECs may improve short-term knowledge about STIs however, it is not clear this translates into long-term improvement or behaviour change as all studies included in this review had follow-up times of 3 months or less. More robust and higher-quality studies are needed in order to confirm the effectiveness of non-pharmacological primary prevention interventions for reducing STIs in the older adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Co
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Darío Moreno-Agostino
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Tzu Wu
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Elyse Couch
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Ana Posarac
- Ageing and Health Unit, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Teodora Wi
- Department of Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ritu Sadana
- Ageing and Health Unit, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland
- World Health Organization Secretariat, Council on the Economics of Health for All, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Carlisle
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Prina
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Graf AS, Cohn TJ, Syme ML. Social Cognitive Theory as a Theoretical Framework to Predict Sexual Risk Behaviors among Older Adults. Clin Gerontol 2021; 44:331-344. [PMID: 33059520 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2020.1825584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Older adults vary in their safe and unsafe sexual behaviors. While researchers are beginning to understand more about the sexual and intimate expression of older adults, only recently are they beginning to understand how older adults make decisions about sexual risk. Bandura's social cognitive theory offers a frame for understanding how self-efficacy, environmental factors, and goal motivation are related to sexual risk behaviors for older adults, including the interplay between these variables. METHODS Using a diverse sample of older adults (n = 720) age 50+ years, social cognitive theory was modeled to determine the relationship between environment variables (age, gender, and sexual health conversations with practitioners), behavioral variables (self-efficacy), and cognitive variables (importance of sexual wellness goals) with the outcome variable of sexual risk behaviors. RESULTS Self-efficacy had an indirect effect on sexual risk via sexual wellness goal motivation. Healthcare provider conversations had both direct and indirect effects on older adults' sexual risk through sexual wellness goal motivation. Models were similarly predictive for older men and women. CONCLUSIONS Sexual risk behaviors among older adults are more influenced by environmental factors in their healthcare settings and their perception and prioritization of sexual wellness goals. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Providers play a key role in initiating and maintaining sexual health discussions with older patients, potentially mitigating sexual risk and bolstering self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson S Graf
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, Kentucky, USA
| | - Tracy J Cohn
- Department of Psychology, Radford University, Radford, Virginia, USA
| | - Maggie L Syme
- Center on Aging, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Marques MM, Carey RN, Norris E, Evans F, Finnerty AN, Hastings J, Jenkins E, Johnston M, West R, Michie S. Delivering Behaviour Change Interventions: Development of a Mode of Delivery Ontology. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 5:125. [PMID: 33824909 PMCID: PMC7993627 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15906.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Investigating and improving the effects of behaviour change interventions requires detailed and consistent specification of all aspects of interventions. An important feature of interventions is the way in which these are delivered, i.e. their mode of delivery. This paper describes an ontology for specifying the mode of delivery of interventions, which forms part of the Behaviour Change Intervention Ontology, currently being developed in the Wellcome Trust funded Human Behaviour-Change Project. Methods: The Mode of Delivery Ontology was developed in an iterative process of annotating behaviour change interventions evaluation reports, and consulting with expert stakeholders. It consisted of seven steps: 1) annotation of 110 intervention reports to develop a preliminary classification of modes of delivery; 2) open review from international experts (n=25); 3) second round of annotations with 55 reports to test inter-rater reliability and identify limitations; 4) second round of expert review feedback (n=16); 5) final round of testing of the refined ontology by two annotators familiar and two annotators unfamiliar with the ontology; 6) specification of ontological relationships between entities; and 7) transformation into a machine-readable format using the Web Ontology Language (OWL) and publishing online. Results: The resulting ontology is a four-level hierarchical structure comprising 65 unique modes of delivery, organised by 15 upper-level classes: Informational , Environmental change, Somatic, Somatic alteration, Individual-based/ Pair-based /Group-based, Uni-directional/Interactional, Synchronous/ Asynchronous, Push/ Pull, Gamification, Arts feature. Relationships between entities consist of is_a. Inter-rater reliability of the Mode of Delivery Ontology for annotating intervention evaluation reports was a=0.80 (very good) for those familiar with the ontology and a= 0.58 (acceptable) for those unfamiliar with it. Conclusion: The ontology can be used for both annotating and writing behaviour change intervention evaluation reports in a consistent and coherent manner, thereby improving evidence comparison, synthesis, replication, and implementation of effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta M. Marques
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
- ADAPT SFI Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Healthcare and Practice Innovation, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachel N. Carey
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emma Norris
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - Fiona Evans
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Janna Hastings
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ella Jenkins
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marie Johnston
- Aberdeen Health Psychology Group, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Robert West
- Research Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Susan Michie
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
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5
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Editorial S.I: Early Identification in Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Present and Future, and Advances in Early Identification. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 51:763-768. [PMID: 33483912 PMCID: PMC7954717 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is considered by most scholars and clinicians to be a feasible and useful step for improving the wellbeing of individuals on the autism spectrum and their families. Arguments supporting early detection efforts include the benefit of earlier access to services providing autism-specific evidence-based interventions (Vivanti et al., Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(7), 2441-2449, 2016; Zwaigenbaum et al., Pediatrics, 136(Suppl), S10-S40, 2015), and its potential to mitigate or even prevent the challenges associated with ASD symptoms, reduce care costs, and improve the quality of life and productivity of individuals with ASD (Constantino et al., Pediatrics, 146(3), e20193629, 2020; Jacobson et al., Behavioral Interventions, 13(4), 201-226, 1998; Jacobson and Mulick, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30(6), 585-593, 2000). Nevertheless, controversies and challenges in this field exist.
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Marques MM, Carey RN, Norris E, Evans F, Finnerty AN, Hastings J, Jenkins E, Johnston M, West R, Michie S. Delivering Behaviour Change Interventions: Development of a Mode of Delivery Ontology. Wellcome Open Res 2020; 5:125. [PMID: 33824909 PMCID: PMC7993627 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15906.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Investigating and improving the effects of behaviour change interventions requires detailed and consistent specification of all aspects of interventions. An important feature of interventions is the way in which these are delivered, i.e. their mode of delivery. This paper describes an ontology for specifying the mode of delivery of interventions, which forms part of the Behaviour Change Intervention Ontology, currently being developed in the Wellcome Trust funded Human Behaviour-Change Project. Methods: The Mode of Delivery Ontology was developed in an iterative process of annotating behaviour change interventions evaluation reports, and consulting with expert stakeholders. It consisted of seven steps: 1) annotation of 110 intervention reports to develop a preliminary classification of modes of delivery; 2) open review from international experts (n=25); 3) second round of annotations with 55 reports to test inter-rater reliability and identify limitations; 4) second round of expert review feedback (n=16); 5) final round of testing of the refined ontology by two annotators familiar and two annotators unfamiliar with the ontology; 6) specification of ontological relationships between entities; and 7) transformation into a machine-readable format using the Web Ontology Language (OWL) language and publishing online. Results: The resulting ontology is a four-level hierarchical structure comprising 65 unique modes of delivery, organised by 15 upper-level classes: Informational , Environmental change, Somatic, Somatic alteration, Individual-based/ Pair-based /Group-based, Uni-directional/Interactional, Synchronous/ Asynchronous, Push/ Pull, Gamification, Arts feature. Relationships between entities consist of is_a. Inter-rater reliability of the Mode of Delivery Ontology for annotating intervention evaluation reports was a=0.80 (very good) for those familiar with the ontology and a= 0.58 (acceptable) for those unfamiliar with it. Conclusion: The ontology can be used for both annotating and writing behaviour change intervention evaluation reports in a consistent and coherent manner, thereby improving evidence comparison, synthesis, replication, and implementation of effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta M. Marques
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
- ADAPT SFI Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Healthcare and Practice Innovation, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachel N. Carey
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emma Norris
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - Fiona Evans
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Janna Hastings
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ella Jenkins
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marie Johnston
- Aberdeen Health Psychology Group, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Robert West
- Research Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Susan Michie
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
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7
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Lewis R, Mitchell KR, Mercer CH, Datta J, Jones KG, Wellings K. Navigating new sexual partnerships in midlife: a socioecological perspective on factors shaping STI risk perceptions and practices. Sex Transm Infect 2020; 96:238-245. [PMID: 32041738 PMCID: PMC7279207 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2019-054205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite increases in STIs among those over 40, little is known about the social context of STI transmission among people experiencing relationship transition in midlife, and few sexual health promotion initiatives are targeted at this group. This study sought to identify factors shaping STI risk perceptions and practices among midlife individuals either contemplating or having sex with new partners following the end of a long-term relationship. METHODS Participants were purposively selected from respondents to Britain's third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles, using three eligibility criteria: aged 40-59, reported experience of the end of a marital or cohabiting relationship with an opposite-sex partner in the past 5 years, and willingness to participate in a qualitative interview. Qualitative data were generated via face-to-face interviews with 10 women and 9 men and analysed inductively using thematic analysis, with themes then organised using a socioecological framework. RESULTS Participants' accounts of new sexual partnerships in midlife indicate that STI risk perceptions and practices are shaped by factors operating at multiple levels across the socioecological arena (individual, partnership, peers and communities, societal). Constraints on, and resources for, the navigation of sexual safety include self-perceived STI risk rooted in past rather than present circumstances; legacies of mistrust within former relationships; intersecting gender-age dynamics in negotiation of risk prevention strategies with new partners; peers and younger relatives' influences on understandings of sexual risk and safety; postrelationship change in social networks that increase or mitigate vulnerability to sexual risk; age-related barriers to accessing condoms; and disconnection from safer sex messaging and services culturally coded as for the young. CONCLUSIONS Improving sexual health among midlife adults requires age-sensitive interventions designed to address multilevel constraints, and harness positive influences, on the navigation of sexual safety at this stage of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Lewis
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kirstin R Mitchell
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Jessica Datta
- SEHR, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kyle G Jones
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kaye Wellings
- SEHR, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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8
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Tsipa A, O'Connor DB, Branley-Bell D, Day F, Hall LH, Sykes-Muskett B, Wilding S, Taylor N, Conner M. Promoting colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of interventions to increase uptake. Health Psychol Rev 2020; 15:371-394. [PMID: 32401175 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2020.1760726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a global public health concern. CRC screening is associated with significant reductions in CRC incidence and mortality, however, uptake is suboptimal. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials explored the effectiveness of interventions designed to increase screening uptake, plus the impact of various moderators. Data from 102 studies including 1.94 million participants were analysed. Results showed significant benefit of all interventions combined (OR, 1.49, 95% CI: 1.43, 1.56, p < 0.001). The effects were similar in studies using objective versus self-reported uptake measures and lower in studies judged to be at high risk of bias. Moderator analyses indicated significant effects for aspects of behaviour (effects lower for studies on non-endoscopic procedures), and intervention (effects higher for studies conducted in community settings, in healthcare systems that are not free, and that use reminders, health-professional providers, paper materials supplemented with in-person or phone contact, but avoid remote contact). Interventions that included behaviour change techniques targeting social support (unspecified or practical), instructions or demonstration of the behaviour, and that added objects to the environment produced stronger effects. The way in which findings can inform interventions to improve CRC screening uptake is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dawn Branley-Bell
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fiona Day
- NHS Leeds West Clinical Commissioning Group, Leeds, UK
| | - Louise H Hall
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Sarah Wilding
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Natalie Taylor
- Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Conner
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Sexually Transmitted Infection Knowledge among Older Adults: Psychometrics and Test-Retest Reliability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072462. [PMID: 32260298 PMCID: PMC7177870 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STI) among older adults have dramatically increased in recent years, especially among those who are widowed and divorced. The purposes of this study were to: (1) identify STI-related knowledge among older adults; (2) report the psychometric properties of a tool commonly used to assess STI-related knowledge among younger populations using data from adults 65 years and older; and (3) determine test-retest reliability of the tool. Data were analyzed from 43 adults, aged 65–94 years, using the 27-item Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire (STD-KQ). Participants completed identical instruments on two separate days with approximately two weeks between. After responses were coded for correctness, composite scores were created. Cronbach’s reliability coefficients were calculated to determine response consistency, and Pearson’s r coefficients were used to assess test–retest reliability. Of 27 possible correct answers, participants reported an average of 11.47 (±6.88) correct responses on Day 1 and 11.67 (±7.33) correct responses on Day 2. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the 27-item composite scale were high for both days (0.905 and 0.917, respectively), which indicates strong response consistency. Pearson’s r coefficients were high between responses for the 27-item composite scale on Days 1 and 2 (r = 0.882, p < 0.01), which indicates strong test–retest reliability. Pearson’s r coefficients were high between responses for all but three of the 27 items when assessed separately. Findings suggest the utility of the STD-KQ to assess STI knowledge among older adults. However, the consistently low knowledge scores highlight the need for educational interventions among this population.
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10
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Managing sexually transmitted infections: Beyond the 2015 guidelines. Nurse Pract 2019; 43:28-34. [PMID: 29985197 DOI: 10.1097/01.npr.0000541464.23795.5b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Guidelines for the prevention and management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are updated periodically while new science is continuously developed. Advanced practice registered nurses implement clinical decisions based on current guidelines and evidence. This article provides recent updates on managing STIs.
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Rodrigues DL, Prada M, Lopes D. Perceived sexual self-control and condom use with primary and casual sex partners: age and relationship agreement differences in a Portuguese sample. Psychol Health 2019; 34:1231-1249. [PMID: 31111739 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2019.1603384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Consistent condom use is still not ideal. Research showed that perceived sexual self-control is associated with greater likelihood of using condoms. However, this association seems to vary according to age and relationship agreement (i.e. non-consensual non-monogamy, NCNM vs. consensual non-monogamy, CNM). DESIGN Cross-sectional study with 307 heterosexual users of a dating web site for romantically involved individuals (81.8% men; Mage = 42.24, SD = 9.65, range: 23-76 years). All individuals were in a romantic relationship (Mlength = 13.47 years, SD = 9.39). MEASURES Demographic information, perceived sexual self-control, condom use frequency (casual sex partners; primary partner in the last 3 months) and relationship agreement. RESULTS Independently of relationship agreement, perceived sexual self-control was positively associated with condom use frequency with casual sex partners among younger and middle age participants, but not older ones (>49 years). Regarding the primary partner, a similar pattern emerged for CNM participants. In contrast, no significant association between perceived sexual self-control and condom use frequency with the primary partner emerged for NCNM individuals, regardless of age. CONCLUSION Our findings can inform evidence-based strategies to promote consistent condom use as an effective behaviour to prevent sexually transmitted infections, especially among older and NCNM individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Rodrigues
- Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, CIS-IUL, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL) , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Marília Prada
- Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, CIS-IUL, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL) , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Diniz Lopes
- Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, CIS-IUL, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL) , Lisboa , Portugal
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Matvienko-Sikar K, Toomey E, Delaney L, Flannery C, McHugh S, McSharry J, Byrne M, Queally M, Heary C, Kearney PM. Behaviour change techniques and theory use in healthcare professional-delivered infant feeding interventions to prevent childhood obesity: a systematic review. Health Psychol Rev 2019; 13:277-294. [DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2019.1605838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elaine Toomey
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Lisa Delaney
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Caragh Flannery
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sheena McHugh
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jenny McSharry
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Molly Byrne
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Michelle Queally
- Discipline of Economics, JE Cairnes School of Business and Economics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Caroline Heary
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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De Vasconcelos S, Toskin I, Cooper B, Chollier M, Stephenson R, Blondeel K, Troussier T, Kiarie J. Behaviour change techniques in brief interventions to prevent HIV, STI and unintended pregnancies: A systematic review. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204088. [PMID: 30260991 PMCID: PMC6159869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behaviour-change interventions have been consistently considered an essential part of comprehensive HIV, STI and unintended pregnancy prevention. In 2015, the World Health Organization reviewed and assessed existing evidence on brief behavioural interventions, leading to the publication of Brief sexuality-related communication: recommendations for a public health approach. This guideline recommends the use of brief behaviour intervention and communication programmes to promote sexual health and to prevent HIV, STIs, and unintended pregnancies in primary health services, particularly sexual and reproductive health services. OBJECTIVE With the purpose of informing the development of a brief behaviour intervention in sexual and reproductive health, we conducted a systematic review of brief intervention to prevent HIV, STI and unintended pregnancies, to identify behaviour change techniques (BCTs) used in health care settings. METHODS Participants from all ages and genders were included. Brief interventions delivered in ≤ 60 minutes were included. Data was extracted, and interventions were coded following the Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy (BCTTv1) guidelines. RESULTS Of the 6.687 articles identified, 355 were reviewed and 37 studies were included. In effective interventions, we identified 48 behaviour change techniques (BCTs). A core set of 8 frequently used behaviour change techniques was identified: "Problem solving", "Feedback on behaviour", "Social support (unspecified)", "Instructions on how to perform the behaviour", "Information about health consequences", "Information about social and environmental consequences", "Demonstration of the behaviour" and "Credible source". CONCLUSIONS The technical content of brief behaviour interventions was identified in a reliable and standardized way providing preliminary indications on potentially effective techniques to achieve behaviour change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia De Vasconcelos
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Igor Toskin
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bergen Cooper
- Center for Health and Gender Equity (CHANGE), Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Marie Chollier
- UNESCO Chair for Sexual Health and Human Rights (UCSHHR), Paris, France
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Stephenson
- School of Nursing and the Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Karel Blondeel
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thierry Troussier
- UNESCO Chair for Sexual Health and Human Rights (UCSHHR), Paris, France
| | - James Kiarie
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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14
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Samdal GB, Eide GE, Barth T, Williams G, Meland E. Effective behaviour change techniques for physical activity and healthy eating in overweight and obese adults; systematic review and meta-regression analyses. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017. [PMID: 28351367 DOI: 10.1186/s12966–017–0494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review aims to explain the heterogeneity in results of interventions to promote physical activity and healthy eating for overweight and obese adults, by exploring the differential effects of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and other intervention characteristics. METHODS The inclusion criteria specified RCTs with ≥ 12 weeks' duration, from January 2007 to October 2014, for adults (mean age ≥ 40 years, mean BMI ≥ 30). Primary outcomes were measures of healthy diet or physical activity. Two reviewers rated study quality, coded the BCTs, and collected outcome results at short (≤6 months) and long term (≥12 months). Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were used to estimate effect sizes (ES), heterogeneity indices (I2) and regression coefficients. RESULTS We included 48 studies containing a total of 82 outcome reports. The 32 long term reports had an overall ES = 0.24 with 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15 to 0.33 and I2 = 59.4%. The 50 short term reports had an ES = 0.37 with 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.48, and I2 = 71.3%. The number of BCTs unique to the intervention group, and the BCTs goal setting and self-monitoring of behaviour predicted the effect at short and long term. The total number of BCTs in both intervention arms and using the BCTs goal setting of outcome, feedback on outcome of behaviour, implementing graded tasks, and adding objects to the environment, e.g. using a step counter, significantly predicted the effect at long term. Setting a goal for change; and the presence of reporting bias independently explained 58.8% of inter-study variation at short term. Autonomy supportive and person-centred methods as in Motivational Interviewing, the BCTs goal setting of behaviour, and receiving feedback on the outcome of behaviour, explained all of the between study variations in effects at long term. CONCLUSION There are similarities, but also differences in effective BCTs promoting change in healthy eating and physical activity and BCTs supporting maintenance of change. The results support the use of goal setting and self-monitoring of behaviour when counselling overweight and obese adults. Several other BCTs as well as the use of a person-centred and autonomy supportive counselling approach seem important in order to maintain behaviour over time. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42015020624.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gro Beate Samdal
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Kalfarveien 31, N-5018, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Geir Egil Eide
- Department for Research and Development, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tom Barth
- Member of Motivational Interviewing Network of Trainers (MINT), Allasso, Norway
| | | | - Eivind Meland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Kalfarveien 31, N-5018, Bergen, Norway
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15
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Samdal GB, Eide GE, Barth T, Williams G, Meland E. Effective behaviour change techniques for physical activity and healthy eating in overweight and obese adults; systematic review and meta-regression analyses. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:42. [PMID: 28351367 PMCID: PMC5370453 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 400] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This systematic review aims to explain the heterogeneity in results of interventions to promote physical activity and healthy eating for overweight and obese adults, by exploring the differential effects of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and other intervention characteristics. Methods The inclusion criteria specified RCTs with ≥ 12 weeks’ duration, from January 2007 to October 2014, for adults (mean age ≥ 40 years, mean BMI ≥ 30). Primary outcomes were measures of healthy diet or physical activity. Two reviewers rated study quality, coded the BCTs, and collected outcome results at short (≤6 months) and long term (≥12 months). Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were used to estimate effect sizes (ES), heterogeneity indices (I2) and regression coefficients. Results We included 48 studies containing a total of 82 outcome reports. The 32 long term reports had an overall ES = 0.24 with 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15 to 0.33 and I2 = 59.4%. The 50 short term reports had an ES = 0.37 with 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.48, and I2 = 71.3%. The number of BCTs unique to the intervention group, and the BCTs goal setting and self-monitoring of behaviour predicted the effect at short and long term. The total number of BCTs in both intervention arms and using the BCTs goal setting of outcome, feedback on outcome of behaviour, implementing graded tasks, and adding objects to the environment, e.g. using a step counter, significantly predicted the effect at long term. Setting a goal for change; and the presence of reporting bias independently explained 58.8% of inter-study variation at short term. Autonomy supportive and person-centred methods as in Motivational Interviewing, the BCTs goal setting of behaviour, and receiving feedback on the outcome of behaviour, explained all of the between study variations in effects at long term. Conclusion There are similarities, but also differences in effective BCTs promoting change in healthy eating and physical activity and BCTs supporting maintenance of change. The results support the use of goal setting and self-monitoring of behaviour when counselling overweight and obese adults. Several other BCTs as well as the use of a person-centred and autonomy supportive counselling approach seem important in order to maintain behaviour over time. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42015020624 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0494-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gro Beate Samdal
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Kalfarveien 31, N-5018, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Geir Egil Eide
- Department for Research and Development, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tom Barth
- Member of Motivational Interviewing Network of Trainers (MINT), Allasso, Norway
| | | | - Eivind Meland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Kalfarveien 31, N-5018, Bergen, Norway
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