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Zhang JJ, Liu W, Xing GZ, Xiang L, Zheng WM, Ma ZL. Role of CC-chemokine ligand 2 in gynecological cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:361. [PMCID: PMC9675065 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02763-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecological cancer is one of the most severe diseases that threaten the lives and health of women worldwide. Its incidence rate increases with each passing year and becomes more prevalent among young people. The prognosis of gynecological cancer remains poor despite significant advances in surgical removal and systemic chemotherapy. Several chemokines play a role in the progression of gynecologic cancers. CCL2 (CC-chemokine ligand 2), also termed MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein 1), plays a significant physiological role in monocyte cell migration and the inflammatory response. Recent studies have demonstrated that CCL2 plays a pro-tumorigenic function in the tumor microenvironment. According to previous studies, CCL2 plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of gynecological cancers. Furthermore, recent studies noted that CCL2 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker and prognostic predictor. The purpose of this paper is to review the role of CCL2 in the occurrence and development of gynecological cancers and to discuss the potential therapeutic strategy of CCL2 for gynecological cancers, with a primary focus on breast cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Zhang
- grid.108266.b0000 0004 1803 0494College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Wei Liu
- grid.108266.b0000 0004 1803 0494College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Guo-Zhen Xing
- grid.108266.b0000 0004 1803 0494College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Li Xiang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Henan Provincial People’s Hospital/People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Wen-Ming Zheng
- grid.108266.b0000 0004 1803 0494College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Zhen-Ling Ma
- grid.108266.b0000 0004 1803 0494College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
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Dobroch J, Bojczuk K, Kołakowski A, Baczewska M, Knapp P. The Exploration of Chemokines Importance in the Pathogenesis and Development of Endometrial Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072041. [PMID: 35408440 PMCID: PMC9000631 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most frequent female malignancies. Because of a characteristic symptom, vaginal bleeding, EC is often diagnosed in an early stage. Despite that, some EC cases present an atypical course with rapid progression and poor prognosis. There have been multiple studies conducted on molecular profiling of EC in order to improve diagnostics and introduce personalized treatment. Chemokines—a protein family that contributes to inflammatory processes that may promote carcinogenesis—constitute an area of interest. Some chemokines and their receptors present alterations in expression in tumor microenvironment. CXCL12, which binds the receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7, is known for its impact on neoplastic cell proliferation, neovascularization and promotion of epidermal–mesenchymal transition. The CCL2–CCR2 axis additionally plays a pivotal role in EC with mutations in the LKB1 gene and activates tumor-associated macrophages. CCL20 and CCR6 are influenced by the RANK/RANKL pathway and alter the function of lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Another axis, CXCL10–CXCR3, affects the function of NK-cells and, interestingly, presents different roles in various types of tumors. This review article consists of analysis of studies that included the roles of the aforementioned chemokines in EC pathogenesis. Alterations in chemokine expression are described, and possible applications of drugs targeting chemokines are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Dobroch
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (P.K.)
- University Oncology Center, University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-662735369
| | - Klaudia Bojczuk
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (P.K.)
| | - Adrian Kołakowski
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (P.K.)
| | - Marta Baczewska
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (P.K.)
- University Oncology Center, University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Paweł Knapp
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (P.K.)
- University Oncology Center, University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
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Potential Tamoxifen Repurposing to Combat Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060507. [PMID: 34073235 PMCID: PMC8230278 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new strategic therapies for multidrug-resistant bacteria, like the use of non-antimicrobial approaches and/or drugs repurposed to be used as monotherapies or in combination with clinically relevant antibiotics, has become urgent. A therapeutic alternative for infections by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) is immune system modulation to improve the infection clearance. We showed that immunocompetent mice pretreated with tamoxifen at 80 mg/kg/d for three days and infected with Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Escherichia coli in peritoneal sepsis models showed reduced release of the monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and its signaling pathway interleukin-18 (IL-18), and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). This reduction of MCP-1 induced the reduction of migration of inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils from the bone marrow to the blood. Indeed, pretreatment with tamoxifen in murine peritoneal sepsis models reduced the bacterial load in tissues and blood, and increased mice survival from 0% to 60–100%. Together, these data show that tamoxifen presents therapeutic efficacy against MDR A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli in experimental models of infection and may be a new candidate to be repurposed as a treatment for GNB infections.
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Hirschfeld M, Ge I, Rücker G, Waldschmidt J, Mayer S, Jäger M, Voigt M, Kammerer B, Nöthling C, Berner K, Weiss D, Asberger J, Erbes T. Mutually distinguishing microRNA signatures of breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4048-4060. [PMID: 33000259 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and therapy in the first stages of a malignant disease is the most crucial factor for successful cancer treatment and recovery. Currently, there is a high demand for novel diagnostic tools that indicate neoplasms in the first or pre‑malignant stages. MicroRNAs (miRNA or miR) are small non‑coding RNAs that may act as oncogenes and downregulate tumor‑suppressor genes. The detection and mutual discrimination of the three common female malignant neoplasia types breast (BC), ovarian (OC) and endometrial cancer (EC) could be enabled by identification of tumor entity‑specific miRNA expression differences. In the present study, the relative expression levels of 25 BC, EC and OC‑related miRNAs were assessed by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and determined using the 2‑ΔΔCq method for normalization against the mean of four housekeeping genes. Expression levels of all miRNAs were analyzed by regression against cell line as a factor. An expression level‑based discrimination between BC and OC cell types was obtained for a subgroup of ten different miRNA types. miR‑30 family genes, as well as three other miRNAs, were found to be uniformly upregulated in OC cells compared with BC cells. BC and EC cells could be distinguished by the expression profiles of six specific miRNAs. In addition, four miRNAs were differentially expressed between EC and OC cells. In conclusion, miRNAs were identified as a potential novel tool to detect and mutually discriminate between BC, OC and EC. Based on a subset of 25 clinically relevant human miRNA types, the present study could significantly discriminate between these three female cancer types by means of their expression levels. For further verification and validation of miRNA‑based biomarker expression signatures that enable valuable tumor detection and characterization in routine screening or potential therapy monitoring, additional and extended in vitro analyses, followed by translational studies utilizing patients' tissue and liquid biopsy materials, are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Hirschfeld
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Ge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerta Rücker
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Waldschmidt
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mayer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Jäger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Voigt
- Praxis of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and Evangelian Deaconry Hospital, D‑79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Kammerer
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis, University of Freiburg, D‑79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Nöthling
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kai Berner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Weiss
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Asberger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thalia Erbes
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
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