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Chen S, Wang S, Ding S, Zhang C. Evaluation of Tibial Hemodynamic Response to Glucose Tolerance Test in Young Healthy Males and Females. Nutrients 2023; 15:4062. [PMID: 37764845 PMCID: PMC10535503 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between glucose metabolism and bone health remains underexplored despite its clinical relevance. This study utilized the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to probe gender-specific disparities in tibial hemodynamic responses among young healthy adults. Twenty-eight healthy participants (14 males) aged 18-28 years old were recruited for this study. After ingesting a 75 g glucose solution, tibial hemodynamic responses were captured using NIRS in combination with a 5 min ischemic reperfusion technique, both before and at 30 min intervals for two hours post-glucose ingestion. Parameters measured included oxidative metabolic rate (via tissue saturation index [TSI]), immediate recovery slope after occlusion release (TSI10), and total recovery magnitude (ΔTSI). Post-glucose ingestion, both genders demonstrated a surge in blood glucose concentrations at every time point compared to baseline (p < 0.001, 0.002, 0.009, and 0.039 for males; p < 0.001, < 0.001, = 0.002, and 0.017 for females). Baseline tibial metabolic rate, TSI10, and ΔTSI did not significantly differ between males and females (p = 0.734, 0.839, and 0.164, respectively), with no discernible temporal effects in any hemodynamic parameters within each gender (p = 0.864, 0.308, and 0.399, respectively, for males; p = 0.973, 0.453, and 0.137, respectively, for females). We found comparable tibial hemodynamic responses to OGTT between genders. This study demonstrated the utility of NIRS in evaluating tibial hemodynamic responses to glucose ingestion through OGTT, enriching our understanding of the body's metabolic responses to glucose intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; (S.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Shubo Wang
- Globus Medical Inc., Audubon, PA 19403, USA;
| | - Shuqiao Ding
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; (S.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; (S.C.); (S.D.)
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Kranen SH, Oliveira RS, Bond B, Williams CA, Barker AR. The utility of the reperfusion rate of tissue oxygen saturation as a measure of vascular endothelial function in adolescents: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1163474. [PMID: 37781222 PMCID: PMC10533909 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1163474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived reperfusion rate of tissue oxygen saturation (slope 2 StO2) may provide a surrogate measure of vascular function, however, this has yet to be examined in a paediatric population. This study investigated in adolescents: 1) the between-day reliability of NIRS-derived measurements; 2) the relationship between slope 2 StO2 and macro- (flow-mediated dilation, FMD) and microvascular (peak reactive hyperaemia, PRH) function; and 3) the effect of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on slope 2 StO2, FMD, and PRH. Methods: Nineteen boys (13.3 ± 0.5 y) visited the laboratory on two occasions, separated by ∼ 1 week. On visit 1, participants underwent simultaneous assessment of brachial artery FMD and slope 2 StO2 and PRH on the internal face of the forearm. On visit 2, participants completed a bout of HIIE with slope 2 StO2, FMD and PRH measured pre-, immediately post- and 1.5 h post-exercise. Results: Slope 2 StO2 showed no mean bias (p = 0.18) and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.67 (p = 0.003) between visits. No significant correlation between slope 2 StO2 and FMD or PRH was observed on visit 1 (r = -0.04, p = 0.89 and r = -0.30, p = 0.23, respectively) or visit 2 pre-exercise (r = -0.28, p = 0.25 and r = -0.31, p = 0.20, respectively). Compared to pre-exercise, FMD decreased immediately post-exercise (p < 0.001) and then increased 1.5 h post-exercise (p < 0.001). No significant change was detected for slope 2 StO2 (p = 0.30) or PRH (p = 0.55) following HIIE. Conclusion: In adolescents, slope 2 StO2 can be measured reliably, however, it is not correlated with FMD or PRH and does not follow the acute time course of changes in FMD post-exercise. Hence, the use of slope 2 StO2 as a surrogate measure of vascular function in youth must be refuted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha H. Kranen
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, Public Health and Sports Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo S. Oliveira
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, Public Health and Sports Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Bert Bond
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, Public Health and Sports Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Craig A. Williams
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, Public Health and Sports Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Alan R. Barker
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, Public Health and Sports Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Does sex influence near-infrared spectroscopy-derived indicators of microvascular reactivity and the response to acute dietary capsaicin. Microvasc Res 2023; 145:104436. [PMID: 36113667 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular disease development, nitric oxide (NO) deficiencies, and may be limb or sex-specific. Prior in vitro work indicated that the transient receptor potential vanilloid channel-1 (TRPV1) is expressed in human arteries and the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin alters vasodilation in an endothelium-dependent manner; however, it is unknown if this translates in vivo or is limb or sex-dependent. Therefore, we sought to determine if there was limb or sex-specificity in the effect of capsaicin on microvascular function using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) reperfusion slope. In a blinded placebo-controlled crossover design, 45 young males (M: n = 25) and females (F: n = 20), the reperfusion slopes of the forearm and quadriceps were assessed, and a urine sample obtained to assay for nitrate/nitrite (NOx) concentrations and antioxidant capacity after acutely ingesting placebo or capsaicin. Under placebo, females had greater reperfusion rates in both the forearm (M: 0.44 ± 0.24 vs. F: 0.98 ± 0.46 %/sec; p = 0.002, d = -1.50) and quadricep (M: 0.86 ± 0.31 vs. F: 1.17 ± 0.43 %/sec; p = 0.010, d = -0.85). Capsaicin decreased microvascular responsiveness in the forearm of females (placebo: 0.98 ± 0.45 vs. capsaicin: 0.84 ± 0.45 %/sec) as compared to males (placebo: 0.45 ± 0.24 vs. capsaicin: 0.38 ± 0.16 %/sec, interaction p < 0.001, η2 = 0.475). There was a sex*treatment interaction for NOx concentrations, where males increased (placebo: 21.13 ± 12.83 vs. capsaicin: 23.82 ± 13.34 μM), while females decreased (placebo: 22.78 ± 14.40 vs. capsaicin: 14.43 ± 10.01 μM; p = 0.037, η2 = 0.042). Using NIRS to assess microvascular function, there is apparent limb and sex-specificity, and, for the first-time, document that acute oral capsaicin alters reperfusion slope in a sexually divergent manner.
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Maturana FM, Schellhorn P, Erz G, Burgstahler C, Widmann M, Munz B, Soares RN, Murias JM, Thiel A, Nieß AM. Individual cardiovascular responsiveness to work-matched exercise within the moderate- and severe-intensity domains. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:2039-2059. [PMID: 33811557 PMCID: PMC8192395 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04676-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the cardiovascular individual response to 6 weeks (3×/week) of work-matched within the severe-intensity domain (high-intensity interval training, HIIT) or moderate-intensity domain (moderate-intensity continuous training, MICT). In addition, we analyzed the cardiovascular factors at baseline underlying the response variability. Methods 42 healthy sedentary participants were randomly assigned to HIIT or MICT. We applied the region of practical equivalence-method for identifying the levels of responders to the maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) response. For investigating the influence of cardiovascular markers, we trained a Bayesian machine learning model on cardiovascular markers. Results Despite that HIIT and MICT induced significant increases in V̇O2max, HIIT had greater improvements than MICT (p < 0.001). Greater variability was observed in MICT, with approximately 50% classified as “non-responder” and “undecided”. 20 “responders”, one “undecided” and no “non-responders” were observed in HIIT. The variability in the ∆V̇O2max was associated with initial cardiorespiratory fitness, arterial stiffness, and left-ventricular (LV) mass and LV end-diastolic diameter in HIIT; whereas, microvascular responsiveness and right-ventricular (RV) excursion velocity showed a significant association in MICT. Conclusion Our findings highlight the critical influence of exercise-intensity domains and biological variability on the individual V̇O2max response. The incidence of “non-responders” in MICT was one third of the group; whereas, no “non-responders” were observed in HIIT. The incidence of “responders” was 11 out of 21 participants in MICT, and 20 out of 21 participants in HIIT. The response in HIIT showed associations with baseline fitness, arterial stiffness, and LV-morphology; whereas, it was associated with RV systolic function in MICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Mattioni Maturana
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Philipp Schellhorn
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Erz
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Manuel Widmann
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Munz
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Juan M Murias
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Ansgar Thiel
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas M Nieß
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Soares RN, Reimer RA, Doyle-Baker PK, Murias JM. Mild obesity does not affect the forearm muscle microvascular responses to hyperglycemia. Microcirculation 2020; 28:e12669. [PMID: 33150675 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild obesity has been associated with postprandial brachial artery vascular dysfunction. However, direct assessment of these effects within the forearm skeletal muscle microcirculation remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of mild obesity on the arm micro- and macrovascular responses to glucose ingestion. METHODS This cross-sectional study combined NIRS assessments of forearm skeletal muscle (FDS) reactivity (reperfusion slope) with %FMD of conduit artery function (brachial artery) before (Pre), as well as 60 and 120 min after glucose ingestion in 10 lean (BMI 23.9 ± 1.8) and 10 obese (BMI 32.9 ± 1.9) individuals. RESULTS Both groups showed a significant increase in the reperfusion slope at 60 and 120 min after glucose ingestion compared with the pre-glucose ingestion measurements. Obese individuals showed a significant (p < .05) reduction in %FMD at 60 min after glucose ingestion, while no significant changes in postprandial %FMD were observed in lean participants. CONCLUSION Even though obese individuals showed impaired postprandial brachial artery function, the current findings suggest that mild obesity does not affect the forearm skeletal muscle responses to glucose ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raylene A Reimer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Patricia K Doyle-Baker
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Environmental Design, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Juan M Murias
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Chung J, Ji SH, Jang YE, Kim EH, Lee JH, Kim JT, Kim HS. Evaluation of Different Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Devices for Assessing Tissue Oxygenation with a Vascular Occlusion Test in Healthy Volunteers. J Vasc Res 2020; 57:341-347. [PMID: 32894846 DOI: 10.1159/000510072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy devices can measure peripheral tissue oxygen saturation (StO2). This study aims to compare StO2 using INVOS® and different O3™ settings (O325:75 and O330:70). Twenty adults were recruited. INVOS® and O3™ probes were placed simultaneously on 1 side of forearm. After baseline measurement, the vascular occlusion test was initiated. The baseline value, rate of deoxygenation and reoxygenation, minimum and peak StO2, and time from cuff release to peak value were measured. The parameters were compared using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Bonferroni's correction and Mann-Whitney pairwise comparison were used for post hoc analysis. The agreement between StO2 of devices was evaluated using Bland-Altman plots. INVOS® baseline value was higher (79.7 ± 6.4%) than that of O325:75 and O330:70 (62.4 ± 6.0% and 63.7 ± 5.5%, respectively, p < 0.001). The deoxygenation rate was higher with INVOS® (10.6 ± 2.1%/min) than with O325:75 and O330:70 (8.4 ± 2.2%/min, p = 0.006 and 7.5 ± 2.1%/min, p < 0.001). The minimum and peak StO2 were higher with INVOS®. No significant difference in the reoxygenation rate was found between the devices and settings. The time to reach peak after cuff deflation was faster with INVOS® (both p < 0.001). Other parameters were similar. There were no differences between the different O3™ settings. There were differences in StO2 measurements between the devices, and these devices should not be interchanged. Differences were not observed between O3™ device settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyeon Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Jang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Tae Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Soo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, .,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
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Zhang C, Hodges B, McCully KK. Reliability and reproducibility of a four arterial occlusions protocol for assessing muscle oxidative metabolism at rest and after exercise using near-infrared spectroscopy. Physiol Meas 2020; 41:065002. [PMID: 32392553 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ab921c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the reliability and reproducibility of using a four arterial occlusions protocol and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure resting and post-exercise muscle oxidative metabolism (mVO2). APPROACH mVO2 was measured on the forearm muscles on two different days (day1 and day2) within one week in 11 healthy young adults (24.2 ± 2.7 years; 5 males). mVO2 was measured using NIRS during four repeated arterial occlusions at rest, and 5 min after exercise consisting of 90 s of rapid concentric contractions (5 minEPOC). MAIN RESULTS Resting mVO2 with four measurements was 17.88 ± 3.04% min-1 on day 1 and 19.42 ± 3.03% min-1 on day 2 (p = 0.171) with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 10.1%. When using only the first measurement, the CV increased to 18.5% (p = 0.039). 5minEPOC was 212.4 ± 142.5% and 177.1 ± 125.8% higher than resting and was not different between days one and two (53.83 ± 21.17% min-1 and 52.22 ± 22.10% min-1, respectively, p= 0.199). The CV and intraclass correlation (ICC) for 5minEPOC between days one and two were, 6.5% and 0.98, respectively. Using only the first value for 5minEPOC resulted in slightly higher CV but similar ICC (7.6% and 0.98, respectively; both p > 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that within a single testing session, one arterial occlusion can provide reproducible measurements for both resting and post-exercise mVO2 similar to that of a four arterial occlusions protocol. While a four arterial occlusion protocol provides similar reliability for post-exercise mVO2 with one arterial occlusion, it reduces the day-to-day variance for resting mVO2 and therefore should be employed for longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Zhang
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
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West S, Smail O, Bond B. The acute influence of sucrose consumption with and without vitamin C co-ingestion on microvascular reactivity in healthy young adults. Microvasc Res 2019; 126:103906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Soares RN, Colosio AL, Murias JM, Pogliaghi S. Noninvasive and in vivo assessment of upper and lower limb skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism activity and microvascular responses to glucose ingestion in humans. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:1105-1111. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated changes in muscle oxidative metabolism and microvascular responsiveness induced by glucose ingestion in the upper and lower limbs using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Fourteen individuals (aged 27 ± 1.4 years) underwent 5 vascular occlusion tests (VOT) (pre-intervention (Pre), 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min after glucose challenge). NIRS-derived oxygen saturation (StO2) was measured on the forearm and leg muscle at each VOT. Muscle oxidative metabolism was determined by the StO2 downslope during cuff inflation (deoxygenation slope); microvascular responsiveness was estimated by the StO2 upslope (reperfusion slope) following cuff deflation. There was a significant increase in arm (p < 0.05; 1-β = 0.860) and leg (p < 0.05; 1-β = 1.000) oxidative metabolism activity as represented by the faster deoxygenation slope at 60, 90, and 120 min (0.08 ± 0.03, 0.08 ± 0.03, 0.08 ± 0.02%·s–1, respectively) (leg) and at 90 min (0.16 ± 0.08%·s−1) (arm) observed after glucose ingestion when compared with their respective Pre values (leg = 0.06 ± 0.02; arm = 0.11 ± 0.04%·s−1). There was a significant increase in arm (p < 0.05; 1-β = 0.880) and leg (p < 0.05; 1-β = 0.983) reperfusion slope at 60 min (arm = 3.63 ± 2.1%·s−1; leg = 1.56 ± 0.6%·s−1), 90 min (arm = 3.91 ± 2.1%·s−1; leg = 1.60 ± 0.6%·s−1), and 120 min (arm = 3.91 ± 1.6%·s−1; leg = 1.54 ± 0.6%·s−1) when compared with their Pre values (arm = 2.79 ± 1.7%·s−1; leg = 1.26 ± 0.5%·s−1). Our findings showed that NIRS–VOT technique is capable of detecting postprandial changes in muscle oxidative metabolism activity and microvascular reactivity in the upper and lower limb. Novelty NIRS-VOT is a promising noninvasive clinical approach that may help in the early, limb-specific detection of impairments in glucose oxidation and microvascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Nogueira Soares
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Alessandro L. Colosio
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Via Felice Casorati, 43, 37131, Verona, VR, Italy
| | - Juan Manuel Murias
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Silvia Pogliaghi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Via Felice Casorati, 43, 37131, Verona, VR, Italy
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Soares RN, Somani YB, Al-Qahtani AM, Proctor DN, Murias JM. Near-infrared spectroscopy detects transient decrements and recovery of microvascular responsiveness following prolonged forearm ischemia. Microvasc Res 2019; 125:103879. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Vieira de Oliveira G, Soares RN, Volino-Souza M, Murias JM, Alvares TS. The association between near-infrared spectroscopy assessment of microvascular reactivity and flow-mediated dilation is disrupted in individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Microcirculation 2019; 26:e12556. [PMID: 31077636 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the NIRS-derived reperfusion slope and %FMD in the arm of healthy and at high risk for CVD individuals. METHODS Twelve healthy (24 ± 4 years) and twelve at high risk for cardiovascular disease (65 ± 11 years) individuals participated in the study. The individuals were submitted to a conduit artery FMD followed by a NIRS-VOT microvascular function test in the arm. Microvascular responsiveness was calculated as the forearm reperfusion slope, and macrovascular function was assessed as the percent of change in FMD (%FMD) of the brachial artery. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between reperfusion slope and %FMD (R = 0.61, P < 0.05) in the healthy group; however, no significant correlation between FMD and reperfusion slope (R = -0.21, P > 0.05) was found in individuals at high risk for CVD. CONCLUSION The correlation between NIRS-derived reperfusion slope and %FMD was disrupted in the arm of individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease compared to healthy individuals. The findings of the present study reinforce the importance of examining vascular function at microvasculature and conduit artery level, especially in populations with risk factors for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Products and Biosciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Mônica Volino-Souza
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Food Science, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Silveira Alvares
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Bioactive Products and Biosciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Food Science, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Soares RN, Murias JM, Saccone F, Puga L, Moreno G, Resnik M, De Roia GF. Effects of a rehabilitation program on microvascular function of CHD patients assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14145. [PMID: 31190469 PMCID: PMC6562121 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate whether near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived reperfusion slope would detect the effects of a 12-week rehabilitation program on lower limb microvascular responsiveness in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Ten CHD patients (7 males and 3 females; 57.3 ± 7.6 years) underwent 12 weeks of drug treatment and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), 2 times per week (40 min/session). Microvascular responsiveness was assessed by using NIRS assessment of muscle oxygen saturation (StO2 ) combined with a vascular occlusion test (VOT) (NIRS-VOT). NIRS-VOT measures were taken at pre- and postintervention, and microvascular responsiveness was evaluated by examining the slope 2 of re-oxygenation rate (slope 2 StO2 ) and the area under the curve (StO2AUC ) of StO2 signal following cuff release subsequent to a 5-min occlusion period. The slope 2 StO2 was significantly steeper after 12 weeks of training (4.8 ± 1.6% sec-1 ) compared to the pretraining (3.1 ± 1.6% sec-1 ) (P < 0.05). The area under the curve for the change in the % StO2 signal during re-oxygenation increased significantly from 3494 ± 2372%∙sec at pretraining to 9006 ± 4311%∙sec at post-training (P < 0.05). NIRS-VOT technique detected the improvements of 12 weeks of rehabilitation program in the lower limb microvascular responsiveness of CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan M. Murias
- University of CalgaryFaculty of KinesiologyCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | | | | | - Gustavo Moreno
- Sanatorio Dr. Julio MendezCABABuenos AiresArgentina
- CENARDCentro Nacional de Alto Rendimiento DeportivoCABABuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Miguel Resnik
- Sanatorio Dr. Julio MendezCABABuenos AiresArgentina
- CENARDCentro Nacional de Alto Rendimiento DeportivoCABABuenos AiresArgentina
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Townsend DK, Deysher DM, Wu EE, Barstow TJ. Reduced insulin sensitivity in young, normoglycaemic subjects alters microvascular tissue oxygenation during postocclusive reactive hyperaemia. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:967-974. [PMID: 31020733 DOI: 10.1113/ep087216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of the study? Are measures of reduced insulin sensitivity in young, normoglycaemic subjects correlated with near-infrared spectroscopy-derived microvascular responsiveness [tissue oxygen saturation reperfusion rate (STO2 upslope)] during postocclusive reactive hyperaemia? What is the main finding and its importance? A sevenfold range of hepatic insulin sensitivity is significantly correlated (r = 0.44, P = 0.02) with STO2 upslope after transient tissue ischaemia. Near-infrared spectroscopy may be an important tool for determining altered microvascular function before onset of hyperglycaemia. Identification of pre-type 2 diabetes much earlier than with the present clinical criteria is important for pre-emptive measures against microvascular deterioration. ABSTRACT Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurement of postocclusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH) tissue oxygen saturation reperfusion rate [STO2 upslope (as a percentage per minute)] has recently been correlated with the percentage of flow-mediated dilatation (%FMD). Cardiovascular disease is associated with impairments in %FMD. Reduced insulin sensitivity may negatively affect the vascular system for many years before prediabetes/type 2 diabetes states. The aim of this study was to determine whether static and dynamic STO2 parameters during PORH are correlated with reduced insulin sensitivity in young, normoglycaemic subjects. Glucose and insulin were measured during an oral glucose tolerance test in 18- to 26-year-old, healthy subjects (11 men and 11 women), and STO2 was measured during PORH of antebrachial muscle. Hepatic (ISIHOMA ) and whole-body (ISICOMP ) insulin sensitivities were calculated. The STO2 upslope was negatively correlated with minimal STO2 (r = -0.5, P = 0.01). The change of STO2 from minimum to baseline (ΔSTO2 ) was significantly negatively correlated with fasting insulin (r = -0.5, P = 0.01) and a positively correlated with ISIHOMA (r = 0.65, P = 0.001). The minimum STO2 was significantly negatively correlated with ISIHOMA , and STO2 upslope was significantly positively correlated with ISIHOMA (r = 0.44, P = 0.02). The minimum STO2 (a measure of O2 extraction while the cuff was inflated), ΔSTO2 (a measure of the amount of reperfusion) and STO2 upslope (a measure of responsiveness of the microcirculation to ischaemia) were all positively correlated with ISIHOMA , one of the longest-used measures of insulin sensitivity. The NIRS-derived STO2 might be a useful tool for assessing how levels of reduced insulin sensitivity in young, normoglycaemic adults affect the microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Esther E Wu
- Washington University School of Occupational Therapy, St Louis, MO, USA
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Differences in vascular function between trained and untrained limbs assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy. Eur J Appl Physiol 2018; 118:2241-2248. [PMID: 30073561 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-3955-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine whether differences in vascular responsiveness associated with training status would be more prominent in the trained limb (leg) than in the untrained limb (arm) microvasculature. METHODS Thirteen untrained (26 ± 5 year) and twelve trained (29 ± 4 year) healthy men were submitted to a vascular occlusion test (VOT) (2 min baseline, 5 min occlusion, and 8 min re-oxygenation). The oxygen saturation signal (StO2) was assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) throughout the VOT. Vascular responsiveness within the microvasculature was evaluated by the re-oxygenation Slope 2 (Slope 2 StO2) and the area under the curve (StO2AUC) of (StO2) signal during re-oxygenation in the leg and arm. RESULTS There was a significant interaction between training status and limb for the slope 2 StO2 (P < 0.01). The leg of the trained group showed a steeper slope 2 StO2 (1.35 ± 0.12% s-1) when compared to the slope 2 StO2 of the leg in their untrained counterparts (0.86 ± 0.09% s-1) (P < 0.05). There was a medium effect size of 0.58 for slope 2 StO2 on the arm and a large effect size of 1.21 for slope 2 StO2 on the leg. In addition, there was a small effect size of 0.24 for StO2AUC on the arm and a medium effect size of 0.64 for StO2AUC on the leg. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the vascular adaptations induced by lower limb endurance exercise training are more prominent in the trained limb than in the untrained limb microvasculature.
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