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Ezati Rad R, Hosseini Z, Mohseni S, Aghamolaei T, Mohammadi M, Nikparvar M. Explaining the personal cognitive factors affecting physical activity and nutritional behaviors in the middle-aged at risk of coronary artery disease: A directed qualitative content analysis. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1982. [PMID: 38515544 PMCID: PMC10955223 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cardiovascular disease worldwide. Nutrition and physical activity are recognized as the major lifestyle-related behaviors to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases. It is essential to explain personal cognitive factors to identify potential ways to increase physical activity and improve nutritional behavior. Therefore, the present study aimed to explain the personal cognitive factors affecting physical activity and nutritional behavior in the middle-aged population at risk of a CAD. Methods The present qualitative study was conducted with a directed content analysis approach. A purposive sampling was used with maximum variety of sex, age, education, marital status, job, and risk factors of CAD. The data were collected through semistructured interviews with 20 middle-aged participants at the risk of CAD visiting comprehensive health centers in Bandar Abbas city. The interviews continued until data saturation. Results The present findings led to the identification of 4 main categories (i.e., self-efficacy, collective efficacy, outcome expectations, knowledge) and 10 subcategories. Conclusion It seems that to increase the self-efficacy, attention should be paid to individuals' past experiences, self-efficacy of action and maintenance and successful middle-aged peers. Measures should be taken to improve and strengthen it. Peer support, networking, forming online groups (in social networks), and a comprehensive use of social media can help increase collective efficacy. Expectations of positive and negative outcomes and the public knowledge can also be modified through accurate and appropriate information provided in different campaigns for awareness-raising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Ezati Rad
- Research Committee, Faculty of HealthHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
- Fertility and Infertility Research CenterHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
| | - Zahra Hosseini
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health InstituteUniversity of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasHormozganIran
| | - Shokrollah Mohseni
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health InstituteUniversity of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasHormozganIran
| | - Teamur Aghamolaei
- Cardiovascular Research CenterHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
| | - Mohammad Mohammadi
- Food Health Research CenterHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
| | - Marzieh Nikparvar
- Cardiovascular Research CenterHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
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Tomlinson D, Schechter T, Mairs M, Loves R, Herman D, Hopkins E, Dupuis LL, Sung L. Finalising the administration of co-SSPedi, a dyad approach to symptom screening for paediatric patients receiving cancer treatments. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2023; 13:e469-e475. [PMID: 34556545 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Symptom Screening in Pediatrics Tool (SSPedi) is a validated self-report symptom screening tool for patients with cancer 8-18 years of age. Co-SSPedi is a novel dyad approach in which both child and parent complete SSPedi together. The objective was to finalise the approach to co-SSPedi administration with instruction that is easy to understand, resulting in dyads completing co-SSPedi correctly. METHOD We enrolled child and parent dyads, who understood English and where children (4-18 years) had cancer or were hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. We provided each dyad with instruction on how to complete co-SSPedi together. Mixed methods were used to determine how easy or hard the instruction was to understand. Two raters adjudicated if co-SSPedi was completed correctly. Dyads were enrolled in cohorts of 12 evenly divided by age (4-7, 8-10, 11-14 and 15-18 years). RESULTS We enrolled 5 cohorts of 12 dyads, resulting in 60 dyads. Following verbal instruction provided in the first cohort, we identified the need for written instruction emphasising children should wait for parent response prior to entering scores. The instruction was iteratively refined based on qualitative feedback until the fifth cohort, where all 12 dyads found the instruction easy to understand and completed co-SSPedi correctly. CONCLUSIONS We developed a standard approach to dyad symptom screening named co-SSPedi with instruction that is easy to understand, resulting in correct co-SSPedi completion. Future efforts should focus on co-SSPedi validation and understanding how co-SSPedi scores compare to self- or proxy-reported symptom reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Tomlinson
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tal Schechter
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Mairs
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robyn Loves
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Herman
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Hopkins
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Lee Dupuis
- Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lillian Sung
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Viera SB, Vivekanandan N, Cheney M, Le D, Lora KR. Hispanic caregivers' preferences for content, delivery methods, and sources of nutrition education from their child's preschool: Qualitative research findings. Nutr Health 2023:2601060221146321. [PMID: 36637248 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221146321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: With the obesity epidemic disproportionately affecting Hispanic children and preschool being a critical period when interventions may be effective to prevent it, nutrition education interventions in the preschool setting have the potential to stem obesity's spread. However, the nutrition education needs of low-income Hispanic populations and methods of delivery of that information require further exploration as culturally tailored approaches have seen limited reach to the target audience. Aim: To explore content, delivery methods, and sources of nutrition education that Hispanic caregivers prefer to receive from their child's preschool. Methods: Qualitative interviews with 25 self-identified Hispanic caregivers (≥18 years of age) of 3- to 5-year-old children at Head Start centers in the Washington, D.C., area. Caregivers were interviewed about preferred nutrition education topics, how nutrition education should be delivered, and by whom. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis in NVivo v12. Results: Caregivers wanted to know about healthy foods and appropriate portion sizes to feed their children, fruit and vegetable feeding strategies, and how to incorporate Hispanic foods in healthy meals. Preferred delivery methods included receiving nutrition education and recipes in print and digital formats and in-person nutrition classes. Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children educators were regarded as trusted nutrition education sources. Conclusion: Tailored nutrition education messages combined with multiple delivery methods could be an effective way to reach Hispanic caregivers of preschoolers to increase their nutrition knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey B Viera
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, 8367The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nikita Vivekanandan
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, 8367The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marshall Cheney
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, 6187University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Daisy Le
- School of Nursing, Policy, Populations and Systems Community, 8367The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Karina R Lora
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, 8367The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Callender C, Velazquez D, Adera M, Dave JM, Olvera N, Chen TA, Alford S, Thompson D. How Minority Parents Could Help Children Develop Healthy Eating Behaviors: Parent and Child Perspectives. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3879. [PMID: 33353032 PMCID: PMC7766451 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Minority children and children living in under-resourced households are at the greatest risk for obesity and diet-related disparities. Identifying effective strategies to reduce these risks is an important step in child obesity prevention. Parents influence the home environment and play a critical role in child obesity prevention. Eighteen parent-child dyads living in under-resourced Houston area communities participated in a mixed methods study (online surveys, telephone interviews). The purpose of the research reported here was to conduct a secondary analysis of the qualitative data to explore Black/African American and Hispanic parent and child perspectives of the ways in which parents could help their children make healthy food choices. Descriptive statistics were calculated for parent and child demographic characteristics; hybrid thematic analysis was used to code and analyze the interview transcripts. Frequencies were calculated for children's interview responses to rating scales and the grade they gave their eating habits. Mothers' responses were grouped into two broad categories: facilitators (modeling, availability, and teaching) as ways parents could help their child eat healthy, and barriers (lack of time, cost of healthy foods, and lack of knowledge) to helping their child eat healthy. Alternatively, child responses focused on ways in which parents could provide support: environmental support (home availability, home cooking, and introducing new foods) and personal support (providing child choice, teaching, and encouragement). Most children reported that eating healthy was easy, and most rated their personal eating habits as an A or B. These findings suggest that understanding the perspectives of Black/African American and Hispanic parent-child dyads can provide insight into the development of culturally and economically relevant healthy eating strategies and interventions for families living in under-resourced communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chishinga Callender
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.C.); (D.V.); (M.A.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Denisse Velazquez
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.C.); (D.V.); (M.A.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Meheret Adera
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.C.); (D.V.); (M.A.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Jayna M. Dave
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.C.); (D.V.); (M.A.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Norma Olvera
- Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences Department, University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Boulevard Room 491, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
| | - Tzu-An Chen
- HEALTH Research Institute, University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
| | - Shana Alford
- Common Threads, 222 W. Merchandise Mart Plaza, Suite 1212, Chicago, IL 60654, USA;
| | - Debbe Thompson
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.C.); (D.V.); (M.A.); (J.M.D.)
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Fowokan A, Vincent K, Punthakee Z, Waddell C, Rosin M, Sran N, Lear SA. Exploring Knowledge and Perspectives of South Asian Children and Their Parents Regarding Healthy Cardiovascular Behaviors: A Qualitative Analysis. Glob Pediatr Health 2020; 7:2333794X20924505. [PMID: 32656300 PMCID: PMC7331759 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x20924505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
South Asian children and parents have been shown to have a higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) relative to white individuals. To design interventions aimed at addressing the comparatively higher burden in South Asians, a better understanding of attitudes and perspectives regarding CVD-associated behaviors is needed. As a result, we sought to understand knowledge about CVD risk in both children and parents, and attitudes toward physical activity and diet in both the children and parents, including potential cultural influences. In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 South Asian child-and-parent dyads representing a range of child body mass index (BMI) levels, ages, and with both sexes. South Asian children and parents demonstrated good knowledge about CVD prevention; however, knowledge did not always translate into behavior. The influence of social and cultural dynamics on behavior was also highlighted. To ensure that interventions aimed at this population are effective, an understanding of the unique social dynamics that influence diet and physical activity-related behaviors is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaitey Vincent
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zubin Punthakee
- McMaster University and Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Miriam Rosin
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Navjot Sran
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Scott A Lear
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.,Providence Health Care, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Perceptions of Health Promotion and Maintenance Among Latinos in Faith Communities. J Christ Nurs 2020; 37:100-107. [DOI: 10.1097/cnj.0000000000000709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Zhen-Duan J, Engebretsen B, Laroche HH. Diet and physical activity changes among low-income families: perspectives of mothers and their children. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2019; 14:1658700. [PMID: 31452465 PMCID: PMC6720015 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2019.1658700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The current study explored how mothers and their children influence each other's diet and physical activity. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with women with diabetes and their children (N = 18) from eight low-income families. Results: Two approaches to changes emerged: collaborative and non-collaborative. Families using collaborative approaches believed they could sustain positive changes through accepting family changes, encouragement, abstaining from buying certain foods, modelling and compromise. Within families using non-collaborative approaches, some challenges included using more individualistic approaches and poor communication. Lack of information and resource constraints challenged all families. Conclusion: Interventions should reinforce family collaborative approaches and teach skills for families to work together towards a healthier lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Zhen-Duan
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Helena H. Laroche
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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