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Kim HJ, Cho YB, Heo K, Kim JW, Shin HG, Lee EB, Park SM, Park JB, Lee S. Targeting cell surface glucose-regulated protein 94 in gastric cancer with an anti-GRP94 human monoclonal antibody. BMB Rep 2024; 57:188-193. [PMID: 38449302 PMCID: PMC11058359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, remains a significant challenge despite recent therapeutic advancements. In this study, we explore the potential of targeting cell surface glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) with antibodies as a novel therapeutic approach for GC. Our comprehensive analysis of GRP94 expression across various cancer types, with a specific focus on GC, revealed a substantial overexpression of GRP94, highlighting its potential as a promising target. Through in vitro and in vivo efficacy assessments, as well as toxicological analyses, we found that K101.1, a fully human monoclonal antibody designed to specifically target cell surface GRP94, effectively inhibits GC growth and angiogenesis without causing in vivo toxicity. Furthermore, our findings indicate that K101.1 promotes the internalization and concurrent downregulation of cell surface GRP94 on GC cells. In conclusion, our study suggests that cell surface GRP94 may be a potential therapeutic target in GC, and that antibody-based targeting of cell surface GRP94 may be an effective strategy for inhibiting GRP94-mediated GC growth and angiogenesis. [BMB Reports 2024; 57(4): 188-193].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Yea Bin Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Kyun Heo
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
- Antibody Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Ji Woong Kim
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Ha Gyeong Shin
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Eun-bi Lee
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Seong-Min Park
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Jong Bae Park
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Sukmook Lee
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
- Antibody Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
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2
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Jun SY, Yoon HR, Yoon JY, Lee JJ, Kim JY, Kim JM, Kim NS. Age-related cholesterol and colorectal cancer progression: Validating squalene epoxidase for high-risk cases. Aging Cell 2024:e14152. [PMID: 38517197 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
As people age, the risk and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), along with cholesterol levels, tend to increase. Nevertheless, epidemiological studies on serum lipids and CRC have produced conflicting results. We previously demonstrated that the reduction of squalene epoxidase (SQLE) due to accumulated cholesterol within cells accelerates CRC progression through the activation of the β-catenin pathway. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which age-related cholesterol accumulation within tissue accelerates CRC progression and to assess the clinical significance of SQLE in older individuals with elevated CRC risk. Using machine learning-based digital image analysis with fluorescence-immunohistochemistry, we assessed SQLE, GSK3βpS9 (GSK3β activity inhibition through serine 9 phosphorylation at GSK3β), p53 wild-type (p53WT), and p53 mutant (p53MT) levels in CRC tissues. Our analysis revealed a significant reduction in SQLE, p53WT, and p53MT and increase in GSK3βpS9 levels, all associated with the substantial accumulation of intra-tissue cholesterol in aged CRCs. Cox analysis underscored the significant influence of SQLE on overall survival and progression-free survival in grade 2-3 CRC patients aged over 50. SQLE and GSK3βpS9 consistently exhibited outstanding prognostic and diagnostic performance, particularly in older individuals. Furthermore, combining SQLE with p53WT, p53MT, and GSK3βpS9 demonstrated a robust diagnostic ability in the older population. In conclusion, we have identified that individuals aged over 50 face an increased risk of CRC progression due to aging-linked cholesterol accumulation within tissue and the subsequent reduction in SQLE levels. This study also provides valuable biomarkers, including SQLE and GSK3βpS9, for older patients at elevated risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Young Jun
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
- Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Hyang Ran Yoon
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji-Yong Yoon
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ju Lee
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nam-Soon Kim
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
- Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
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Ji NN, Wu XW, Cao Q, Liu R, Tu W, Zeng YC, Li ZH. Influence of cancer-directed surgery on the prognosis of liver metastases from gastric cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:756-764. [PMID: 37606846 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
There are controversial about the application of cancer-directed surgery (CDS) in patients with liver metastases from gastric cancer, with improved responses to chemotherapy and targeted treatments, the role of CDS in metastatic gastric cancer to the liver needs to be revisited. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of CDS on patients with liver metastases from gastric cancer. Data for patients with liver metastases from gastric cancer were extracted from the population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. A total of 958 individuals were enrolled, 285 in the CDS group and 673 in the non-cancer guided surgery (Non-CDS) group. Following propensity score matching (PSM) analysis at 1:1 in the two groups,285 were included in the survival analysis for each group. Kaplan-Meier values and Cox proportional risk models were used to estimate the effect of CDS on patients' prognoses. Compared with the Non-CDS group, the CDS group significantly prolonged the median overall survival from 4 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 3-5) to 11 months (95% CI 8-12), p value < 0.001. Overall survival (OS) at 1 year was higher in the CDS group than in the Non-CDS group, at 44% (95 CI 38-50) and 25% (95 CI 20-30), respectively. OS at 3 years was also higher in the CDS group than in the Non-CDS group, at 24% (95 CI 19-29) and 6% (95 CI 3-9), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that Non-CDS (hazard ratio[HR] = 2.26, 95% CI 1.88-2.72, p value < 0.001) was an adverse independent prognostic factor for patients. This study concludes that CDS prolonged survival in patients with gastric cancer with liver metastases. Due to the lack of information on the quality of life, biomarkers, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy in the SEER database, the observed improved survival rates following CDS of hepatic metastasis from gastric cancer requires prospective studies that take these factors into account to properly address the survival advantages and impact on quality of life of such a method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Ji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Treatment Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 368 Yehai Road, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 368 Yehai Road, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 368 Yehai Road, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Wei Tu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 368 Yehai Road, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Yue-Can Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Treatment Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 368 Yehai Road, Haikou, 570311, China.
| | - Zhi-Hui Li
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Zhou Y, Zhang M, Dai L, Yan Z, Wang H, Yang H, Jin X, Wang Q. Long-term survival in a patient with multiple metastatic gastric cancer treated with PTX plus emvolimab and disitamab vedotin: case report and treatment experience: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36927. [PMID: 38241572 PMCID: PMC10798726 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Most Chinese patients with locally advanced gastric cancer at diagnosis have an overall 5-year survival rate of <50%. Surgical resection alone is not suitable for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. Currently, comprehensive treatment is the focus of locally advanced gastric cancer. PATIENTS CONCERNS The patient, a 56-year-old female, was admitted to the hospital because of "4 + months of double hydronephrosis found during a physical examination." Who was admitted for computer tomography and gastroscopy examinations, and take pathological tissue specimens during endoscopic examination. DIAGNOSES Computed tomography assessment indicated ulcerative gastric cancer with an abdominal implant, bladder, and bone metastases. An endoscopic examination revealed that the ulcer of the gastric angle was huge, and through relevant auxiliary examinations, the diagnosis of this disease is gastric cancer complicated with multiple metastases to bladder, rectum, lumbar spine, and peritoneum. Clinically diagnosed as cT4bN3M1. INTERVENTIONS The patient is currently undergoing first, second, and third line neoadjuvant therapy, combined with immunotherapy, targeted therapy, neoadjuvant intraperitoneal systemic chemotherapy, nutritional support, and other treatment plans. OUTCOMES After 15 cycles of treatment, the progression-free survival had reached 15 months. The patient had an NRS2002 score of 1, an ECOG score of I, a quality of life score of 55, albumin of 35.27 g/L, and a decrease in abdominal and pelvic fluid accumulation and exudation compared to before. LESSONS We demonstrated high survival of almost 3 years in a patient with gastric cancer that was complicated by bone, peritoneal, rectal, and bladder metastases. The combination of immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and neoadjuvant intraperitoneal systemic chemotherapy, along with the maintenance of nutritional status and CTCs could be a valuable modality for the subsequent treatment and observation of similar patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Meifeng Zhang
- Department of Outpatient Clinic, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Li Dai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hongxin Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiangren Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
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Kerekes D, Frey A, Bakkila B, Kunstman JW, Khan SA. Surgical treatment of stage IV gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma: Experience and outcomes in the United States. J Surg Oncol 2023; 128:790-802. [PMID: 37435780 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Surgery for metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (GEP-NEC) has not been well-studied. This retrospective cohort study describes patients in the United States with stage IV GEP-NEC and their survival outcomes segregated by surgery. METHODS Patients diagnosed with stage IV GEP-NEC from 2004 to 2017 in the National Cancer Database were categorized into three groups: no surgery, primary site or metastatic site ("single-site") surgery, and primary site and metastatic site ("multisite") surgery. Factors associated with surgical treatment were identified, and risk-adjusted overall survival of each group was compared. RESULTS Of 4171 patients included, 958 (23.0%) underwent single-site surgery and 374 (9.0%) underwent multisite surgery. The strongest predictor of surgery was primary tumor type. Compared with no surgery, the risk-adjusted mortality reduction associated with single-site surgery ranged from 63% for small bowel (HR = 0.37, 0.23-0.58, p < 0.001) NEC to 30% for colon and appendix NEC (HR = 0.70, 0.61-0.80, p < 0.001), while the mortality reduction associated with multisite surgery ranged from 77% for pancreas NEC (HR = 0.23, 0.17-0.33, p < 0.001) to 48% for colon and appendix NEC (HR = 0.52, 0.44-0.63, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We observed an association between extent of surgical intervention and overall survival for patients with stage IV GEP-NEC. Surgical resection should be further investigated as a treatment option for highly-selected patients with this aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kerekes
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alexander Frey
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Baylee Bakkila
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - John W Kunstman
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sajid A Khan
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Sun H, Liu M, Yang X, Ren Y, Dai H, Wang C. Construction and validation of prognostic nomograms for elderly patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2022; 16:380-393. [PMID: 35514033 PMCID: PMC9366578 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is mostly seen in older patients and is associated with poor prognosis. There is no reliable method to predict the prognosis of elderly patients (≥60 years old) with metastatic NSCLC. The aim of our study was to develop and validate nomograms which accurately predict survival in this group of patients. METHODS NSCLC patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 were all identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Nomograms were constructed by significant clinicopathological variables (p < 0.05) selected in multivariate Cox analysis regression. RESULTS A total of 9584 patients met the inclusion criteria and were randomly allocated in the training (n = 6712) and validation (n = 2872) cohorts. In training cohort, independent prognostic factors included age, gender, race, grade, tumor site, pathology, T stage, N stage, radiotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy, and metastatic site (p < 0.05) for lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS) and overall survival (OS) were identified by the Cox regression. Nomograms for predicting 1-, 2-, and 3-years LCSS and OS were established and showed excellent predictive performance with a higher C-index than that of the 7th TNM staging system (LCSS: training cohort: 0.712 vs. 0.534; p < 0.001; validation cohort: 0.707 vs. 0.528; p < 0.001; OS: training cohort: 0.713 vs. 0.531; p < 0.001; validation cohort: 0.710 vs. 0.528; p < 0.001). The calibration plots showed good consistency from the predicted to actual survival probabilities both in training cohort and validation cohort. Moreover, the decision curve analysis (DCA) achieved better net clinical benefit compared with TNM staging models. CONCLUSIONS We established and validated novel nomograms for predicting LCSS and OS in elderly patients with metastatic NSCLC with desirable discrimination and calibration ability. These nomograms could provide personalized risk assessment for these patients and assist in clinical decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishuang Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Ren
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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