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Mathis S, Sierpina VS. Kidney Cancer Integrative Oncology: Possible Options for Care. Curr Oncol Rep 2023; 25:1071-1080. [PMID: 37466849 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-023-01437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This study aims to review how complementary and integrative medicine (CIM), defined as therapies utilizing nutrition, physical activity, herbs, supplements, mind-body therapies, homeopathy, and other non-traditional therapies, can address the prevention, treatment, side effects, and recurrence of kidney cancer. This review discusses advances and discoveries in research, gaps in research, current debates on the subject, and directions for future research. We queried Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed databases using the search terms kidney cancer, integrative medicine, integrative oncology, nutrition, supplements, treatment, prevention, and therapy. Searches were limited to integrative medicine and integrative oncology. We reviewed CIM therapies related to prevention, treatment, side effect mitigation, and recurrence of kidney cancers. RECENT FINDINGS Search results yielded 211 studies, of which 87 were relevant to this review. Studies related to CIM and kidney cancer were clustered into themes, including nutrition, physical activity, supplements, mind-body therapies, and alternative therapies. This review provides a foundation for utilizing the principles of integrative medicine in the prevention of and care for patients with kidney cancer and the need for further focused research on the effectiveness of CIM in kidney cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mathis
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Rt. 1123, Galveston, TX, 77555-1123, USA.
| | - Victor S Sierpina
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Rt. 1123, Galveston, TX, 77555-1123, USA
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2
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Li XY, Shi LX, Shi NN, Chen WW, Qu XW, Li QQ, Duan XJ, Li XT, Li QS. Multiple stimulus-response berberine plus baicalin micelles with particle size-charge-release triple variable properties for breast cancer therapy. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2023; 49:189-206. [PMID: 36971392 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2023.2195501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to develop a nanoscale drug delivery system with enzyme responsive and acid sensitive particle size and intelligent degradation aiming to research the inhibitory effect on breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE The delivery system addressed the problems of tissue targeting, cellular internalization, and slow drug release at the target site, which could improve the efficiency of drug delivery and provide a feasible therapeutic approach for breast cancer. METHODS The acid sensitive functional material DSPE-PEG2000-dyn-PEG-R9 was synthesized by Michael addition reaction. Then, the berberine plus baicalin intelligent micelles were prepared by thin-film hydration. Subsequently, we characterized the physical and chemical properties of berberine plus baicalin intelligent micelles, evaluated its anti-tumor effects in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS The target molecule was successfully synthesized, and the intelligent micelles showed excellent chemical and physical properties, delayed drug release and high encapsulation efficiency. In vitro and in vivo experiments also confirmed that the intelligent micelles could effectively target tumor sites, penetrate tumor tissues, enrich in tumor cells, inhibit tumor cell proliferation, inhibit tumor cell invasion and migration, and induce tumor cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION Berberine plus baicalin intelligent micelles have excellent anti-tumor effects and no toxicity to normal tissues, which provides a new potential drug delivery strategy for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Banik K, Khatoon E, Harsha C, Rana V, Parama D, Thakur KK, Bishayee A, Kunnumakkara AB. Wogonin and its analogs for the prevention and treatment of cancer: A systematic review. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1854-1883. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Elina Khatoon
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Varsha Rana
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Krishan Kumar Thakur
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic medicine Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine Bradenton Florida USA
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
- DBT‐AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research Indian Institute of Technology‐Guwahati Guwahati India
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Xiao Y, Zhang L, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Yang R, Yan J, Huang R, Zheng C, Xiao W, Huang C, Wang Y. Predicting the herbal medicine triggering innate anti-tumor immunity from a system pharmacology perspective. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112105. [PMID: 34560533 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the main focus of immuno-oncology has been manipulating the adaptive immune system, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are the main infiltrating component in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play a critical role in cancer progression. TAMs are mainly divided into two different subtypes: macrophages with antitumor or killing activity are called M1 while tumor-promoting or healing macrophages are named M2. Therefore, controlling the polarization of TAMs is an important strategy for cancer treatment, but there is no particularly effective means to regulate the polarization process. Here, combined systems pharmacology targets and pathways analysis strategy, we uncovered Scutellariae Radix (SR) has the potential to regulate TAMs polarization to inhibit the growth of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Firstly, systems pharmacology approach was used to reveal the active components of SR targeting macrophages in TME through compound target prediction and target-microenvironment phenotypic association analysis. Secondly, in vitro experiment verified that WBB (wogonin, baicalein and baicalin), major active ingredients of SR are significantly related to macrophages and survival, initiated macrophages programming to M1-like macrophages to promoted the apoptosis of tumor cells. Finally, we evidenced that WBB effectively inhibited tumor growth in LLC (Lewis lung carcinoma) tumor-bearing mice and increased the infiltration of M1-type macrophages in TME. Overall, the systems pharmacology strategy offers a paradigm to understand the mechanism of polypharmacology of natural products targeting TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jinglin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yuru Zhang
- Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
| | - Ruijie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jiangna Yan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Ruifei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Chunli Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, China.
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Lab of Systems Pharmacology, Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Lab of Systems Pharmacology, Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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Lu JZ, Ye D, Ma BL. Constituents, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacology of Gegen-Qinlian Decoction. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:668418. [PMID: 34025427 PMCID: PMC8139575 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.668418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gegen-Qinlian decoction (GQD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula. It is composed of four TCMs, including Puerariae Lobatae Radix, Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle. GQD is traditionally and clinically used to treat both the "external and internal symptoms" of diarrhea with fever. In this review, key words related to GQD were searched in the Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and other databases. Literature published mainly from 2000 to 2020 was screened and summarized. The main constituents of GQD could be classified into eight groups according to their structures: flavonoid C-glycosides, flavonoid O-glucuronides, benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, free flavonoids, flavonoid O-glycosides, coumarins, triterpenoid saponins, and others. The parent constituents of GQD that enter circulation mainly include puerarin and daidzein from Puerariae Lobatae Radix, baicalin and wogonoside from Scutellariae Radix, berberine and magnoflorine from Coptidis Rhizoma, as well as glycyrrhetinic acid and glycyrrhizic acid from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle. GQD is effective against inflammatory intestinal diseases, including diarrhea, ulcerative colitis, and intestinal adverse reactions caused by chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, GQD has significant effects on metabolic diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, GQD can be used to treat lung injury. In brief, the main constituents, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacological profiles of GQD were summarized in this review. In addition, several issues of GQD including effective constituents, interactions between the constituents, pharmacokinetics, interaction potential with drugs and pharmacological effects were discussed, and related future researches were prospected in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ze Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing-Liang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Li Y, Li ZX, Xie CY, Fan J, Lv J, Xu XJ, Lv J, Kuai WT, Jia YT. Gegen Qinlian decoction enhances immunity and protects intestinal barrier function in colorectal cancer patients via gut microbiota. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:7633-7651. [PMID: 33505141 PMCID: PMC7789057 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i48.7633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed, using the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database, that Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQD) had a direct antitumor effect, and was combined with programmed cell death protein (PD)-1 inhibitors to treat microsatellite stable (MSS) tumor-bearing mice. However, the effect of GQD on patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is not clear.
AIM To determine the therapeutic mechanism of GQD in improving immune function, reducing inflammation and protecting intestinal barrier function.
METHODS Seventy patients with CRC were included in this study: 37 in the control group and 33 in the treatment group. The proportions of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, natural killer (NK), NKT and T regulatory cells were measured by flow cytometry. Levels of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10 and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) in serum were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of zonula occludens (ZO)-1, occludin, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and TNF-α in tumor and normal tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry. The composition of gut microbiota from patients in the treatment group was assessed using 16S rDNA analysis.
RESULTS There were no adverse events in the treatment group. The proportion of CD4+ T cells and NKT cells in the post-treatment group was significantly higher than that in the pre-treatment and control groups (P < 0.05). The level of TNF-α in the post-treatment group was significantly lower than that in the pre-treatment and control groups (P < 0.05). The concentration of 5-HT in the post-treatment group was significantly lower than that in the pre-treatment group (P < 0.05). The expression of ZO-1 and occludin in tumor tissues in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression of ZO-1 in normal tissues of the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.010). Compared with the control group, expression of NF-κB and TNF-α in tumor tissues of the treatment group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the pre-treatment group, GQD decreased the relative abundance of Megamonas and Veillonella. In addition, GQD increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Akkermansia and Prevotella.
CONCLUSION GQD enhances immunity and protects intestinal barrier function in patients with CRC by regulating the composition of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhong-Xin Li
- Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chen-Yang Xie
- Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ji Lv
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xin-Jian Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jian Lv
- Department of Emergency, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wen-Tao Kuai
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yi-Tao Jia
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
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Network Pharmacology-Based Study on the Mechanism of Gegen Qinlian Decoction against Colorectal Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8897879. [PMID: 33294000 PMCID: PMC7714584 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8897879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQD) has been used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, such as diarrhea and ulcerative colitis (UC). A recent study demonstrated that GQD enhanced the effect of PD-1 blockade in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study used network pharmacology analysis to investigate the mechanisms of GQD as a potential therapeutic approach against CRC. Materials and Methods Bioactive chemical ingredients (BCIs) of GQD were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. CRC-specific genes were obtained using the gene expression profile GSE110224 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Target genes related to BCIs of GQD were then screened out. The GQD-CRC ingredient-target pharmacology network was constructed and visualized using Cytoscape software. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was subsequently constructed and analyzed with BisoGenet and CytoNCA plug-in in Cytoscape. Gene Ontology (GO) functional and the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis for target genes were then performed using the R package of clusterProfiler. Results One hundred and eighteen BCIs were determined to be effective on CRC, including quercetin, wogonin, and baicalein. Twenty corresponding target genes were screened out including PTGS2, CCNB1, and SPP1. Among these genes, CCNB1 and SPP1 were identified as crucial to the PPI network. A total of 212 GO terms and 6 KEGG pathways were enriched for target genes. Functional analysis indicated that these targets were closely related to pathophysiological processes and pathways such as biosynthetic and metabolic processes of prostaglandins and prostanoids, cytokine and chemokine activities, and the IL-17, TNF, Toll-like receptor, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Conclusion The study elucidated the “multiingredient, multitarget, and multipathway” mechanisms of GQD against CRC from a systemic perspective, indicating GQD to be a candidate therapy for CRC treatment.
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Wang B, Huang T, Fang Q, Zhang X, Yuan J, Li M, Ge H. Bone-protective and anti-tumor effect of baicalin in osteotropic breast cancer via induction of apoptosis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 184:711-721. [PMID: 32939591 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05904-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Research suggested that bone is the specific target organ for breast cancer metastasis. The related tumor causes significant morbidity due to a reduction in quality of life and physical function. Increased osteoclast function is implicated in the bone microenvironment during the outgrowth of breast cancer. In the present experimental study, we examined the potential bone-protective effect of baicalin osteotropic breast Cancer and explored the possible mechanism of action. METHODS In vitro cell viability effect of baicalin was assessed on the breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7). We also estimated the in vitro osteoclast and bone resorption. Further, baicalin-regulated osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis were also estimated in vitro. Finally, the role of the baicalin in the expansion of osteolytic bone disease was scrutinized in a breast cancer bone metastases model. RESULTS Baicalin significantly (p < 0.001) downregulated the viability of murine and human cancer cell lines and diminished the osteoclastogenesis of osteoclast progenitors via estimation with the help of qRT-PCR. Baicalin showed the downregulation in the mRNA expression of OCN and ALP. Baicalin reduced the TRAP-positive cells in the presence of RANKL. Baicalin considerably upregulated the cytochrome c secretion into the cytoplasm. Baicalin markedly increased the DNA fragmentation, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9. Baicalin significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the metastatic growth of MDA-MB-231 cells,preserving the bone mass in a bone metastasis model. CONCLUSION Collectively, we can conclude that these results highlight the bone-protective effect of baicalin, which also highlighted the anti-tumor effect; further research is needed into the likely effects on bone health in the bone metastases and osteoporosis populations, such as post-menopausal women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangmin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Qigen Fang
- Department of Thyroid, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Thyroid, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Junhui Yuan
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Department of Stomatology, Zhengzhou Stomatologic Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Hong Ge
- Department of Thyroid, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China.
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China.
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Huang H, Fang J, Fan X, Miyata T, Hu X, Zhang L, Zhang L, Cui Y, Liu Z, Wu X. Advances in Molecular Mechanisms for Traditional Chinese Medicine Actions in Regulating Tumor Immune Responses. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1009. [PMID: 32733246 PMCID: PMC7360845 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been developed for thousands of years with its various biological activities. The interest in TCM in tumor prevention and treatment is rising with its synergistic effect on tumor cells and tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIM). Characteristic of TCM fits well within the whole system and multi-target cancer treatment. Herein we discuss the underlying mechanisms of TCM actions in TIM via regulating immunosuppressive cells, including restoring the antigen presentation function of dendritic cells, enhancing NK cells-mediated killing activity, restraining the functions of myeloid cell-derived suppressor cells, and inhibiting cancer-associated fibroblasts. TCM also regulates tumor progression through enhancing immune response, preventing immune escape and inducing cell death of tumor cells, which triggers immune response in nearby cells. In addition, we discuss TCM in clinical applications and the advantages and disadvantages of TCM in cancer prevention and treatment, as well as current therapeutic challenges and strategies. It might be helpful for understanding the therapeutic potential of TCM for cancer in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiansong Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiude Fan
- Center for Liver Disease Research, Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Tatsunori Miyata
- Center for Liver Disease Research, Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Xiaoyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- Center for Liver Disease Research, Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Han L, Zhao LH, Zhang ML, Li HT, Gao ZZ, Zheng XJ, Wang XM, Wu HR, Zheng YJ, Jiang XT, Ding QY, Yang HY, Jia WP, Tong XL. A Novel Antidiabetic Monomers Combination Alleviates Insulin Resistance Through Bacteria-Cometabolism-Inflammation Responses. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:173. [PMID: 32132984 PMCID: PMC7040028 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study sought to examine the therapeutic effect of a novel antidiabetic monomer combination (AMC) in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); while also elucidating the potential functional mechanism. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to establish T2DM. The AMC group showed significant reduction in weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and experienced reduced insulin resistance based on oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp testing (“gold standard” for determining in vivo insulin sensitivity). Further, AMC restored the altered intestinal flora by increasing the abundance of the beneficial bacteria Akkermansia, and decreasing the number of harmful bacteria, including Bacteroides, Odoribacter, Prevotella 9, Alistipes, and Parabacteroides. Components of the host-microbial metabolome were also significantly changed in the AMC group compared to the HFD group, including hydroxyphenyllactic acid, palmitoleic acid, dodecanoic acid, linoleic acid, and erucic acid. Furthermore, AMC was found to inhibit inflammation and suppress signaling pathways related to insulin resistance. Lastly, spearman correlation analysis revealed relationships between altered microbial community and co-metabolite levels, co-metabolites and inflammatory cytokines. Hence, the potential mechanism responsible for AMC-mediated alleviation of insulin resistance was suggested to be involved in modulation of bacteria-cometabolism-inflammation responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Hua Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Molecular and Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Liang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua-Ting Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Zheng Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Zheng
- Center for Translational Medicine, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Miao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Ran Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qi-You Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Yu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Ping Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Fan Y, Yi W, Huang H, Mei Z, Feng Z. Efficacy of herbal medicine (Gegen Qinlian Decoction) on ulcerative colitis: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18512. [PMID: 31876740 PMCID: PMC6946546 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) for ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Springer LINK, Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Wan-fang Database, and Chinese Biomedicine Database were searched from their inception to December 2018 for randomized controlled trials comparing the use of GQD alone or in combination with western medicine (WM) with that of WM therapies for UC. Outcomes on the therapy's effectiveness rate, ulcerative colitis endoscopic index of severity (UCEIS), recurrence rate, and adverse events were extracted and analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 software. Meta-analysis was combined with fixed or random-effects model, and risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for all outcomes. Two researchers independently reviewed each trial to determine its inclusion. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used for quality assessment. RESULTS We included 22 trials involving 2028 patients with UC. When compared with WM therapy, GQD significantly improved the clinical effectiveness (n = 591, RR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.12-1.31, P < .00001) and recurrence rate (n = 94, RR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.10-0.54, P = .0006). GQD plus WM was more effective in improving the clinical effectiveness (n = 1337, RR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.16-1.27, P < .00001), and decreasing UCEIS scores (n = 384, mean difference = -0.63, 95% CI: -1.26--0.01, P = .05), recurrence rate (n = 179, RR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.06-0.61, P = .006). In addition, the adverse events for GQD (n = 238, RR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.02-1.68, P = .14) and GQD plus WM (n = 427, RR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.15-0.90, P = .03) was significantly lower than that for WM alone. Noted adverse events primarily included gastrointestinal symptoms, headache, dizziness, and leukocytopenia. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows that GQD used alone or in combination with WM might have potential benefits in curing UC. However, there is no sufficient evidence to draw definite conclusion supporting the effect of GQD for UC due to poor methodological quality of the included trials. More rigorously designed investigations and studies with large sample sizes should be conducted to establish clinical evidence further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Fan
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Wen Yi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Han Huang
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University
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Shen L, Li Y, Li N, Zhao Y, Zhou Q, Li Z. Clinical utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the diagnosis of benign and malignant small renal masses among Asian population. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7532-7541. [PMID: 31642189 PMCID: PMC6912038 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the clinical utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the diagnosis of benign and malignant small renal masses using a meta-analysis of diagnostic test. We performed a comprehensive online search in the following database including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure from the inception to August 25, 2019. the following index were calculated for assessing the diagnostic ability, including sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), area under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Seventeen studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative analyses. The overall sensitivity was 0.93 with 95% CI of 0.88-0.95. The specificity was 0.71 and the 95% CI was 0.60-0.80. The pooled AUC was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88-0.93). The diagnostic odds ratio was 31 (95% CI: 21-45). The NLR and PLR were 0.10 (95% CI: 0.07-0.15) and 3.2(95% CI: 2.3-4.4), respectively. There is a slight heterogeneity within studies. The subgroup analysis was also performed. For retrospective and perspective, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.93, 0.92 and 0.71, 0.73; For different diameter lesions, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.93, 0.94 and 0.64, 0.74; For sample size (≤median vs. >median), the sensitivity and specificity were 0.94, 0.93 and 0.67, 0.77. The Deek's funnel plot asymmetry test in indicated no publication bias. The CEUS have a high diagnostic ability in differentiating benign and malignant small renal masses among Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yajie Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Gegen Qinlian decoction enhances the effect of PD-1 blockade in colorectal cancer with microsatellite stability by remodelling the gut microbiota and the tumour microenvironment. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:415. [PMID: 31138779 PMCID: PMC6538740 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1638-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic antibodies targeting PD-1 have made major breakthroughs in cancer treatment. However, the majority of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are microsatellite stable (MSS) and do not respond to anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy. Combination therapy will be an ideal strategy to overcome this limitation. Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQD), a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been clinically proven to be effective in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, a systemic pharmacological study revealed that GQD acts through multiple targets and pathways in the human body. Combination therapy with GQD and anti-mouse PD-1 potently inhibited the growth of CT26 tumours in a xenograft model. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that combination therapy with GQD and anti-mouse PD-1 significantly enriched for s__Bacteroides_acidifaciens and s__uncultured_organism_g__norank_f__Bacteroidales_S24-7_group. Based on metabolomic analyses, profoundly altered metabolites were identified in the combination therapy group. Two metabolic signalling pathways, namely, glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism, were explored. In particular, we found that combination therapy with GQD and anti-mouse PD-1 significantly increased the proportion of CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood and tumour tissues. Direct treatment with GQD and anti-mouse PD-1 increased the expression of IFN-γ, which is a critical factor in antitumour immunotherapy. In addition, combination therapy with GQD and anti-mouse PD-1 downregulated PD-1 and increased IL-2 levels, suggesting that the combination therapy could effectively restore T-cell functions by suppressing inhibitory checkpoints. The application of the Chinese medicinal formula GQD with PD-1 blockade-based immunotherapy can be a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC patients with MSS tumours.
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Liu D, Meng X, Wu D, Qiu Z, Luo H. A Natural Isoquinoline Alkaloid With Antitumor Activity: Studies of the Biological Activities of Berberine. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:9. [PMID: 30837865 PMCID: PMC6382680 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coptis, a traditional medicinal plant, has been used widely in the field of traditional Chinese medicine for many years. More recently, the chemical composition and bioactivity of Coptis have been studied worldwide. Berberine is a main component of Rhizoma Coptidis. Modern medicine has confirmed that berberine has pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, hypolipidemic, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Importantly, the active ingredient of berberine has clear inhibitory effects on various cancers, including colorectal cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, and cervical cancer. Cancer, ranked as one of the world’s five major incurable diseases by WHO, is a serious threat to the quality of human life. Here, we try to outline how berberine exerts antitumor effects through the regulation of different molecular pathways. In addition, the berberine-mediated regulation of epigenetic mechanisms that may be associated with the prevention of malignant tumors is described. Thus, this review provides a theoretical basis for the biological functions of berberine and its further use in the clinical treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Donglu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhidong Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haoming Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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15
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Peng W, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Xu P, Mao D, Huang S, Chen B, Zhang C, Zhang S. Jianpi Jiedu decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, inhibits tumorigenesis, metastasis, and angiogenesis through the mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:140-148. [PMID: 29852266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine has been utilized for the treatment of cancer. Jianpi Jiedu decoction (JPJD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been used for the treatment of colorectal cancer for decades. However, the underlying molecular mechanistic basis for the effect of JPJD on colorectal cancer is poorly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to identify the effects of JPJD on human colon cancer cells in vitro as well as in vivo and to investigate the mechanistic basis for the anticancer effect of JPJD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro antitumor activity of JPJD was assessed by MTT assay, flow cytometric analysis, wound-healing assay, transwell assays, and tube formation assays in order to assess cell activity, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis, respectively. The anticancer properties of JPJD in vivo were assessed by immunohistochemistry in a nude mouse xenograft model of HCT116 cells. In addition, the level of mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway proteins in HCT116 cells and tumor tissue was evaluated by immunoblotting. RESULTS In vitro, JPJD significantly inhibited colorectal cancer cell lines viability and proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated JPJD to induce HCT116 cell apoptosis. Additionally, JPJD effectively suppressed tumor cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis by inhibiting the mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. In vivo, JPJD significantly inhibited HCT116 tumor growth in athymic nude mice, decreased the levels of CD34 as well as VEGF, and downregulated the mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. CONCLUSIONS JPJD treatment produced anti-colorectal tumor effects by inhibiting tumorigenesis, metastasis, as well as angiogenesis through the mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. Thus, these results provide a strong rationale for the therapeutic use of JPJD in cancer treatment. Further studies are required to investigate the mechanisms underlying anti-CRC effect of JPJD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/physiology
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Male
- Medicine, Chinese Traditional
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Wound Healing/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shaofang Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Digestive System Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, China
| | - Panpan Xu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Dan Mao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Siqi Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Biyue Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Chunhu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Sifang Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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Cheng CS, Chen J, Tan HY, Wang N, Chen Z, Feng Y. Scutellaria baicalensis and Cancer Treatment: Recent Progress and Perspectives in Biomedical and Clinical Studies. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:25-54. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis (Huangqin in Chinese) is a major traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herb, which has a long history of use in the treatment of a variety of symptoms correlated with cancer. In the past decade, the potential of S. baicalensis and single compounds derived from it as anticancer agents targeting various pathways has received extensive research attention. Specifically, the proliferation and metastases inhibiting properties of the single compounds in cancer have been studied; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This review summarizes the various mechanisms, pathways and molecular targets involved in the anticancer activity of S. baicalensis and its single compounds. However, the aim of this review is to provide a more thorough view of the last 10 years to link traditional use with modern research and to highlight recently discovered molecular mechanisms. Extracts and major flavonoids derived from S. baicalensis have been found to possess anticancer effects in multiple cancer cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. Further investigation is warranted to better understand the underlying mechanisms and to discover novel targets and cancer therapeutic drugs that may improve both the survival and quality of life of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Shan Cheng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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Gubenyiliu II Inhibits Breast Tumor Growth and Metastasis Associated with Decreased Heparanase Expression and Phosphorylation of ERK and AKT Pathways. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050787. [PMID: 28505136 PMCID: PMC6154566 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gubenyiliu II (GYII), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula used in our hospital, has shown beneficial effects in cancer patients. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of GYII on murine breast cancer models. GYII showed significant inhibitory effects on tumor growth and metastasis in the murine breast cancer model. Additionally, GYII suppressed the proliferation of 4T1 and MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. A better inhibitory effect on 4T1 cell proliferation and migration was found in the decomposed recipes (DR) of GYII. Moreover, heparanase expression and the degree of angiogenesis were reduced in tumor tissues. Western blot analysis showed decreased expression of heparanase and growth factors in the cells treated with GYII and its decomposed recipes (DR2 and DR3), and thereby a reduction in the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and serine-threonine kinase (AKT). These results suggest that GYII exerts anti-tumor growth and anti-metastatic effects in the murine breast cancer model. The anti-tumor activity of GYII and its decomposed recipes is, at least partly, associated with decreased heparanase and growth factor expression, which subsequently suppressed the activation of the ERK and AKT pathways.
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Xie B, Xie X, Rao B, Liu S, Liu H. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Inhibitory Effects of Qingzaojiufei Decoction on Tumor Growth in Lewis Lung Carcinoma. Integr Cancer Ther 2017; 17:467-476. [PMID: 28617188 PMCID: PMC6041919 DOI: 10.1177/1534735417694953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Qingzaojiufei decoction (QD) is an empirical herbal
formula from traditional Chinese medicine that is used for the treatment of
lung-related diseases. However, the effect of QD on the growth of lung tumor
cells has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the
antitumor activity of QD in Lewis lung carcinomas (LLC) in vivo and in vitro,
and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The LLC cells
were used to assess the antitumor activity of QD by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay in
vitro. In vivo, mice were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n = 10/group): the
model control (MC) group was intragastrically administered physiological saline
(0.9% NaCl) twice daily from day 2 after tumor implantation for 2 weeks. The QD
groups were intragastrically administered QD twice daily from 2 weeks before to
2 weeks after tumor implantation for 4 weeks. The mRNA levels were detected by
quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the proteins expression was determined
by immunohistochemistry or western blotting. Results: Compared with
the model group, QD showed inhibition of proliferation of LLC cells and
reductions in tumor weight and proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein
expression. Furthermore, QD up-regulated p53 mRNA expression, and downregulated
c-myc and Bcl-2 mRNA expression, while MMP-9, VEGF, and VEGFR protein expression
was suppressed. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels were also reduced by QD in a
dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that QD
inhibited lung tumor growth and proliferation, by activation of tumor suppressor
genes, inactivation of oncogenes, suppressing the potential for invasion and
metastasis, and attenuating angiogenesis. The ERK/VEGF/MMPs signaling pathways
may play an important role in QD-induced inhibition of malignant tumor cell
proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- 1 Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiong Xie
- 1 Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Rao
- 1 Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Shengzhang Liu
- 1 Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongning Liu
- 1 Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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NIE JIAO, ZHAO CHANGLIN, DENG LI, CHEN JIA, YU BIN, WU XIANLIN, PANG PENG, CHEN XIAOYIN. Efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in treating cancer. Biomed Rep 2016; 4:3-14. [PMID: 26870326 PMCID: PMC4726876 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The morbidity associated with cancer has rapidly increased in recent years, and in the previous 5 years has had a tendency to be the leading cause of fatality compared with cardiovascular disease. Therefore, effective measures are required with an aim to reduce the incidence. Based on the results of clinical investigation, a multidisciplinary treatment strategy for cancer, which includes radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, are prominently used in clinical practice. However, the therapies are insufficient due to multidrug resistance, adverse effects and the presence of the root of the cancer. Therefore, there is a necessity to develop more effective or adjunctive therapies for cancer prevention and treatment. Cancer is now widely recognized as a systemic humoral disease. Similarly, the function of herbal drugs is to modulate the whole body system in a more holistic way. Recently, herbal drugs have been applied to one of the efficient approaches for cancer therapy. Furthermore, there is evidence that various herbal medicines have been proven to be useful and effective in sensitizing the conventional agents against the various factors at the cellular and molecular levels that are associated with the occurrence of cancer and in prolonging survival time, alleviating side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy and improving the quality of life in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- JIAO NIE
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - CHANGLIN ZHAO
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Clifford Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - LI DENG
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - JIA CHEN
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - BIN YU
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
- Clinical Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272013, P.R. China
| | - XIANLIN WU
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
- Department of Pancreatic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - PENG PANG
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - XIAOYIN CHEN
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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Zhang QB, Meng XT, Jia QA, Bu Y, Ren ZG, Zhang BH, Tang ZY. Herbal Compound Songyou Yin and Moderate Swimming Suppress Growth and Metastasis of Liver Cancer by Enhancing Immune Function. Integr Cancer Ther 2015; 15:368-75. [PMID: 26699805 PMCID: PMC5739186 DOI: 10.1177/1534735415622011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. Both the Chinese herbal compound Songyou Yin (SYY) and swimming exercise have been shown to have protective effects against liver cancer in animal models. In this study, we investigated whether SYY and moderate swimming (MS) have enhanced effect on suppressing progression of liver cancer by immunomodulation. Methods. C57BL/6 mice were transplanted with Hepa1-6 murine liver cancer cell lines and received treatment with SYY alone or SYY combined with MS. The green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive metastatic foci in lungs were imaged with a stereoscopic fluorescence microscope. Flow cytometry was used to test the proportion of CD4 +, CD8 + T cells in peripheral blood and the proportions of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg cells in peripheral blood, spleen, and tumor tissues. Cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 level in serum was detected by ELISA. Results. SYY plus MS significantly suppressed the growth and lung metastasis of liver cancer and prolonged survival in tumor-burdened mice. SYY plus MS markedly raised the CD4 to CD8 ratio in peripheral blood and lowered the serum TGF-β1 level and the proportions of Treg cells in peripheral blood, spleen, and tumor tissue. The effects of the combined intervention were significantly superior to SYY or MS alone. Conclusion. The combined application of SYY and MS exerted an enhanced effect on suppressing growth and metastasis of liver cancer by strengthening immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Bao Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Cancer Metastasis Institute, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Ting Meng
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qing-An Jia
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Bu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Gang Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo-Heng Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-You Tang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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