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Ainosah RH, Hagras MM, Alharthi SE, Saadah OI. The effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on sepsis-induced cholestasis management in an animal model. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2020; 15:312-320. [PMID: 32982635 PMCID: PMC7479157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cholestasis refers to a reduction in bile flow from the liver into the biliary system. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is commonly used for the treatment of hepatic cholestasis. This study aimed to explore the role of UDCA in the treatment and prevention of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cholestasis. Methods Sixty male albino rats were randomly classified into five groups of 12 rats each: the control group (received saline and water), UDCA group (received UDCA), LPS group (received LPS), treatment group (received LPS followed by UDCA), and prevention group (received UDCA followed by LPS). Changes in gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), plasma aspartate transferase (AST), plasma alkaline transferase (ALT), plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBIL), hepatocyte apoptosis, immunomodulatory activity, plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1α, and IL-4), and liver histology were assessed. Results UDCA improved serum liver chemical markers (GGT, ALP, and AST) in both the prevention and treatment groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.05, respectively). CD3 count was higher in the UDCA treatment group compared to the LPS group (p < 0.001). UDCA caused a reduction in plasma TNF-α in the prevention group (P < 0.05); however, it had no effect on the treatment group, as compared to the LPS group. Similarly, UDCA had no effect on IL-1α or IL-4. UDCA treatment resulted in improved liver histological features and a significant reduction in liver tissue apoptosis in both the treatment and prevention groups, as compared to the LPS group (p = 0.013 and p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions This study provides evidence of the effectiveness of UDCA for the treatment and prevention of sepsis-induced cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magda M Hagras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
| | - Sameer E Alharthi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Omar I Saadah
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
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Ursodeoxycholyl Lysophosphatidylethanolamide Protects Against CD95/FAS-Induced Fulminant Hepatitis. Shock 2018; 48:251-259. [PMID: 28060213 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Increased activation of CD95/Fas by Fas ligand in viral hepatitis and autoimmunity is involved in pathogenesis of fulminant hepatitis and liver failure. We designed a bile-acid phospholipid conjugate ursodeoxycholyl lysophosphatidylethanolamide (UDCA-LPE with LPE containing oleate at the sn-1) as a hepatoprotectant that was shown to protect against fulminant hepatitis induced by endotoxin. We herein further assessed the ability of UDCA-LPE to prevent death receptor CD95/Fas-induced fulminant hepatitis. C57BL/6 mice were intravenously administered with CD95/Fas agonistic monoclonal antibody (Jo-2) with or without 1 h pretreatment with 50 mg/kg UDCA-LPE. Jo-2 administration caused massive hepatocyte damage as seen by histology, and this was associated with a significant decrease in hepatic phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysoPC, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine levels. By histology, UDCA-LPE pretreatment improved hepatocyte damage and restored the loss of these phospholipids in part by a mechanism involving an inhibition of cytosolic phospholipaseA2 expression. Accordingly, Jo-2 treatment increased hepatic expression of cleaved caspase 8, caspase 3, and poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1, and on the other hand decreased that of anti-apoptotic cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein. UDCA-LPE pretreatment was able to reverse all these changes. Moreover, UDCA-LPE attenuated inflammatory response by lowering the levels of Jo-2-induced proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in liver and serum. UDCA-LPE was also able to decrease the levels of stimulated Th1/Th17 cytokines in Jo-2-primed isolated splenocytes. Taken together, UDCA-LPE exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects against CD95/Fas-induced fulminant hepatitis.
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Horvatova A, Utaipan T, Otto AC, Zhang Y, Gan-Schreier H, Pavek P, Pathil A, Stremmel W, Chamulitrat W. Ursodeoxycholyl lysophosphatidylethanolamide negatively regulates TLR-mediated lipopolysaccharide response in human THP-1-derived macrophages. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 825:63-74. [PMID: 29475064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The bile acid-phospholipid conjugate ursodeoxycholyl oleoyl-lysophophatidylethanolamide (UDCA-18:1LPE) is an anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic agent as previously shown in cultured hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells as well as in in vivo models of liver injury. We hypothesize that UDCA-18:1LPE may directly inhibit the activation of immune cells. We found that UDCA-18:1LPE was capable of inhibiting the migration of phorbol ester-differentiated human THP-1 cells. We examined anti-inflammatory activity of UDCA-18:1LPE during activation of THP1-derived macrophages. Treatment of these macrophages by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h induced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. This release was markedly inhibited by pretreatment with UDCA-18:1LPE by ~ 65-90%. Derivatives with a different fatty-acid chain in LPE moiety also exhibited anti-inflammatory property. Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence analyses revealed that UDCA-18:1LPE attenuated the expression of phosphorylated p38, MKK4/MKK7, JNK1/2, and c-Jun as well as nuclear translocation of NF-κB by ~ 22-86%. After LPS stimulation, the Toll-like receptor adaptor proteins, myeloid differentiation factor 88 and TNF receptor associated factor 6, were recruited into lipid rafts and UDCA-18:1LPE inhibited this recruitment by 22% and 58%, respectively. Moreover, LPS treatment caused a decrease of the known cytoprotective lysophosphatidylcholine species containing polyunsaturated fatty acids by 43%, and UDCA-18:1LPE co-treatment reversed this decrease. In conclusion, UDCA-18:1LPE and derivatives inhibited LPS inflammatory response by interfering with Toll-like receptor signaling in lipid rafts leading to an inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB activation. These conjugates may represent a class of lead compounds for development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alzbeta Horvatova
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyorovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tanyarath Utaipan
- Department of Pre-Clinic, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, 94000 Pattani, Thailand
| | - Ann-Christin Otto
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hongying Gan-Schreier
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petr Pavek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyorovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Anita Pathil
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Stremmel
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walee Chamulitrat
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Zhou HQ, Liu W, Wang J, Huang YQ, Li PY, Zhu Y, Wang JB, Ma X, Li RS, Wei SZ, Li K, Li HT, Li JY, Xiao XH, Zhao YL. Paeoniflorin attenuates ANIT-induced cholestasis by inhibiting apoptosis in vivo via mitochondria-dependent pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:696-704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Nuño-Lámbarri N, Barbero-Becerra VJ, Uribe M, Chávez-Tapia NC. Elevated cholesterol levels have a poor prognosis in a cholestasis scenario. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2016; 31:1-6. [PMID: 27517733 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cholestasis results from defective bile flow through the biliary ducts leading to the accumulation of bile acids (BAs) in hepatocytes and serum. It has been seen that cholestasis is associated with hypercholesterolemia, which is a prerequisite for gallstone formation and primary biliary cirrhosis, being some of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in Western societies. Cytotoxic BAs induce proinflammatory mediators, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in hepatocytes, whereas cytoprotective BAs prevent them; they can also modify the plasmatic membrane structure of cells or mitochondrial outer membrane properties as well as the distribution of cholesterol, altering various proteins involved in BAs homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Nuño-Lámbarri
- Traslational Research Unit, Médica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Toriello guerra tlalpan, C.P. 14050, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Varenka J Barbero-Becerra
- Traslational Research Unit, Médica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Toriello guerra tlalpan, C.P. 14050, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Misael Uribe
- Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit, Médica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Toriello guerra tlalpan, C.P. 14050, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norberto C Chávez-Tapia
- Traslational Research Unit, Médica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Toriello guerra tlalpan, C.P. 14050, Mexico City, Mexico.,Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit, Médica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Toriello guerra tlalpan, C.P. 14050, Mexico City, Mexico
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Yao X, Li Y, Cheng X, Li H. ER stress contributes to alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate-induced liver injury with cholestasis in mice. Pathol Res Pract 2016; 212:560-7. [PMID: 27173049 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in the development of several liver diseases and tumors. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of α-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced liver injury with cholestasis in mice and found ER stress contributes to the injury. All animals were randomly divided into three groups. In the ANIT-intoxicated group, mice were intragastrically given 100mg/kg ANIT (dissolved in corn oil), while the other groups received an equal volume of vehicle as control. After 24 and 48h of ANIT administration, blood samples and liver tissues of all animals were collected for serum biochemistry and hepatic histopathological examinations to evaluate liver injuries with cholestasis. Hepatocellular apoptosis was assessed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The expression of hepatic ER stress-related markers was determined by real-time PCR, immunohistochemical assay and Western blot. ANIT was found to significantly induce liver injury with cholestasis compared with control mice as evidenced by the increase of serum transaminases and total bilirubin (TBil), and histopathological changes in mice. ANIT remarkably induced hepatocellular apoptosis, upregulated the expression of caspase-9 and cytochrome c, and inhibited the gene and protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The gene expression of ER stress-related markers, including glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), inositol requiring enzyme-1α (IRE-1α) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) was upregulated by ANIT in mice. ANIT also upregulated the protein expression of GRP78 and activated the phosphorylation of IRE1. These results suggested that ANIT induced liver injury with cholestasis partly due to its ability to activate the ER stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Yao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, China.
| | - Yue Li
- Beijing Centre For Physical & Chemical Analysis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cheng
- Beijing Centre For Physical & Chemical Analysis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, China
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Chen PJ, Cai SP, Huang C, Meng XM, Li J. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B): A key regulator and therapeutic target in liver diseases. Toxicology 2015; 337:10-20. [PMID: 26299811 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues within proteins, which is controlled by the reciprocal action of protein tyrosine kinases and protein tyrosine phosphatases, plays a key role in regulating almost all physiological responses. Therefore, it comes as no surprise that once the balance of tyrosine phosphorylation is disturbed, drastic effects can occur. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a classical non-transmembrane tyrosine phosphatase, is a pivotal regulator and promising drug target in type 2 diabetes and obesity. Recently it has received renewed attention in liver diseases and represents an intriguing opportunity as a drug target by modulating hepatocyte death and survival, hepatic lipogenesis and so on. Here, the multiple roles of PTP1B in liver diseases will be presented, with respect to liver regeneration, drug-induced liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University (ILD-AMU), Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shuang-Peng Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University (ILD-AMU), Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University (ILD-AMU), Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University (ILD-AMU), Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University (ILD-AMU), Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Chang RL, Lin JW, Hsieh DJY, Yeh YL, Shen CY, Day CH, Ho TJ, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Long-term hypoxia exposure enhanced IGFBP-3 protein synthesis and secretion resulting in cell apoptosis in H9c2 myocardial cells. Growth Factors 2015; 33:275-81. [PMID: 26340107 DOI: 10.3109/08977194.2015.1077824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) usually results in myocardial ischemia, remodeling and hypoxia that lead to cell death. To date, the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) is known to play an important role in insulin growth factor (IGF) bioavailability. Previous studies have found that hypoxia results in cell apoptosis. However, the detailed mechanism and roles of IGFBP3 in long-term hypoxia (LTH) regulated heart cell apoptosis remains unknown. In this study H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells were treated with investigated long-term hypoxic exposure with the possible mechanisms involved. The results showed that LTH enhanced IGFBP3 protein synthesis and induced its secretion. The accumulated IGFBP3 sequestered Insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) away from the type I IGF receptor (IGF-1 R), which blocked the IGF1R/PI3K/Akt survival signaling pathway, resulting in cell apoptosis. According to our findings, IGFBP3 could be a valuable target for developing treatments for cardiac diseases in long-term hypoxia exposure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Lin Chang
- a Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Jing-Wei Lin
- a Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- b School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lan Yeh
- c Department of Pathology , Changhua Christian Hospital , Changhua , Taiwan
- d en-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management , Miaoli , Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- e Department of Nursing , Mei Ho University , Pingtung , Taiwan
| | | | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- f Chinese Medicine Department , China Medical University Beigang Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- h Department of Biological Science and Technology , China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- a Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
- i Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan , and
- j Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology , Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan
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