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Nakazawa M, Tochinai R, Fujii W, Komori M, Yonezawa T, Momoi Y, Maeda S. Protective role of protease-activated receptor-2 in anaphylaxis model mice. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0283915. [PMID: 38635782 PMCID: PMC11025949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaphylaxis is a severe life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction induced by mast cell degranulation. Among the various mediators of mast cells, little is known about the role of tryptase. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the role of protease-activating receptor-2 (PAR-2), a receptor activated by tryptase, in murine anaphylactic models using PAR-2-deficient mice and newly generated tryptase-deficient mice. Anaphylaxis was induced by IgE-dependent and IgE-independent mast cell degranulation in mice. PAR-2 deficiency exacerbated the decrease in body temperature and hypotension during anaphylaxis; however, the number of skin mast cells, degree of mast cell degranulation, and systemic and local vascular hyperpermeability were comparable in PAR-2 knockout and wild-type mice. Nitric oxide, which is produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), is an indispensable vasodilator in anaphylaxis. In the lungs of anaphylactic mice, PAR-2 deficiency promoted eNOS expression and phosphorylation, suggesting a protective effect of PAR-2 against anaphylaxis by downregulating eNOS activation and expression. Based on the hypothesis that the ligand for PAR-2 in anaphylaxis is mast cell tryptase, tryptase-deficient mice were generated using CRISPR-Cas9. In wild-type mice, the PAR-2 antagonist exacerbated the body temperature drop due to anaphylaxis; however, the effect of the PAR-2 antagonist was abolished in tryptase-deficient mice. These results suggest that tryptase is a possible ligand of PAR-2 in anaphylaxis and that the tryptase/PAR-2 pathway attenuates the anaphylactic response in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Nakazawa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mao Komori
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yonezawa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Momoi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Mason BN, Hassler SN, DeFea K, Boitano S, Vagner J, Price TJ, Dussor G. PAR2 activation in the dura causes acute behavioral responses and priming to glyceryl trinitrate in a mouse migraine model. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:42. [PMID: 37072694 PMCID: PMC10114383 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01574-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is a severely debilitating disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Studies have indicated that activation of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) in the dura mater causes headache responses in preclinical models. It is also well known that vasodilators such as nitric oxide (NO) donors can trigger migraine attacks in migraine patients but not controls. In the current study we examined whether activation of PAR2 in the dura causes priming to the NO donor glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). METHODS A preclinical behavioral model of migraine was used where stimuli (PAR2 agonists: 2at-LIGRL-NH2 (2AT) or neutrophil elastase (NE); and IL-6) were applied to the mouse dura through an injection made at the intersection of the lamdoidal and sagittal sutures on the skull. Following dural injection, periorbital von Frey thresholds and facial grimace responses were measured until their return to baseline. GTN was then given by intraperitoneal injection and periorbital hypersensitivity and facial grimace responses observed until they returned to baseline. RESULTS We found that application of the selective PAR2 agonist 2at-LIGRL-NH2 (2AT) onto the dura causes headache-related behavioral responses in WT but not PAR2-/- mice with no differences between sexes. Additionally, dural PAR2 activation with 2AT caused priming to GTN (1 mg/kg) at 14 days after primary dural stimulation. PAR2-/- mice showed no priming to GTN. We also tested behavioral responses to the endogenous protease neutrophil elastase, which can cleave and activate PAR2. Dural neutrophil elastase caused both acute responses and priming to GTN in WT but not PAR2-/- mice. Finally, we show that dural IL-6 causes acute responses and priming to GTN that is identical in WT and PAR2-/- mice, indicating that IL-6 does not act through PAR2 in this model. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that PAR2 activation in the meninges can cause acute headache behavioral responses and priming to an NO donor, and support further exploration of PAR2 as a novel therapeutic target for migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca N Mason
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Shayne N Hassler
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | | | - Scott Boitano
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, 85724, USA
| | - Josef Vagner
- Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Theodore J Price
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Greg Dussor
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
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Okamura A, Miake J, Tomomori T, Takami A, Sawano T, Kato M, Ogura K, Tsujimoto D, Kawatani S, Agung KP, Notsu T, Hisatome I, Yamamoto K, Imamura T. Thrombin Induces a Temporal Biphasic Vascular Response through the Differential Phosphorylation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase via Protease-activated Receptor-1 and Protein Kinase C. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 148:351-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Maeda M, Tsuboi T, Hayashi T. An Inhibitor of Activated Blood Coagulation Factor X Shows Anti-Endothelial Senescence and Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects. J Vasc Res 2019; 56:181-190. [DOI: 10.1159/000499975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Bignon E, Rizza S, Filomeni G, Papaleo E. Use of Computational Biochemistry for Elucidating Molecular Mechanisms of Nitric Oxide Synthase. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 17:415-429. [PMID: 30996821 PMCID: PMC6451115 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential signaling molecule in the regulation of multiple cellular processes. It is endogenously synthesized by NO synthase (NOS) as the product of L-arginine oxidation to L-citrulline, requiring NADPH, molecular oxygen, and a pterin cofactor. Two NOS isoforms are constitutively present in cells, nNOS and eNOS, and a third is inducible (iNOS). Despite their biological relevance, the details of their complex structural features and reactivity mechanisms are still unclear. In this review, we summarized the contribution of computational biochemistry to research on NOS molecular mechanisms. We described in detail its use in studying aspects of structure, dynamics and reactivity. We also focus on the numerous outstanding questions in the field that could benefit from more extensive computational investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Bignon
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Salvatore Rizza
- Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress Group, Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giuseppe Filomeni
- Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress Group, Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Papaleo
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Translational Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Costa D, Benincasa G, Lucchese R, Infante T, Nicoletti GF, Napoli C. Effect of nitric oxide reduction on arterial thrombosis. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2019; 53:1-8. [DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2019.1581943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Costa
- U.O.C. Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuditta Benincasa
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Lucchese
- U.O.C. Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
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Passaro D, Bonnet D. How to say NO to vascular disruption and stem cell mobilization. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:563-565. [PMID: 29889568 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1486821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Passaro
- a The Francis Crick Institute , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory , London , UK
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- a The Francis Crick Institute , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory , London , UK
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Pang KL, Vijayaraghavan K, Sayed BA, Seyed MA. Betulinic acid‑induced expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate‑diaphorase in the immune organs of mice: A possible role of nitric oxide in immunomodulation. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:3035-3041. [PMID: 29257292 PMCID: PMC5783524 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of betulinic acid (BetA) on the expression and distribution pattern of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH‑d), an indirect indicator of nitric oxide (NO) synthase in the thymus and spleen of mice. Mice were randomly assigned to four main groups (n=48 per group): Experimental group (BetA), positive control group (goniothalamin), vehicle control group (dimethyl sulfoxide) and control group (without vehicle). Each group was further divided into three equal subgroups according to the treatment length (4, 8 and 12 days). BetA treatment induced the expression of NADPH‑d activity in the thymus and spleen without any significant changes in the morphology of the organs. Furthermore, the expression pattern of NADPH‑d in BetA‑treated animals was significantly increased compared with that in the control animals. NADPH‑d expression in the thymus and spleen suggests that NO signaling may be a potential mechanism underlying the BetA‑induced immunomodulation in these organs. These findings are of direct clinical relevance and may contribute to the further development of BetA as a therapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Le Pang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti, Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | | | - Badr Al Sayed
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
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