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Nakazawa M, Tochinai R, Fujii W, Komori M, Yonezawa T, Momoi Y, Maeda S. Protective role of protease-activated receptor-2 in anaphylaxis model mice. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0283915. [PMID: 38635782 PMCID: PMC11025949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaphylaxis is a severe life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction induced by mast cell degranulation. Among the various mediators of mast cells, little is known about the role of tryptase. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the role of protease-activating receptor-2 (PAR-2), a receptor activated by tryptase, in murine anaphylactic models using PAR-2-deficient mice and newly generated tryptase-deficient mice. Anaphylaxis was induced by IgE-dependent and IgE-independent mast cell degranulation in mice. PAR-2 deficiency exacerbated the decrease in body temperature and hypotension during anaphylaxis; however, the number of skin mast cells, degree of mast cell degranulation, and systemic and local vascular hyperpermeability were comparable in PAR-2 knockout and wild-type mice. Nitric oxide, which is produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), is an indispensable vasodilator in anaphylaxis. In the lungs of anaphylactic mice, PAR-2 deficiency promoted eNOS expression and phosphorylation, suggesting a protective effect of PAR-2 against anaphylaxis by downregulating eNOS activation and expression. Based on the hypothesis that the ligand for PAR-2 in anaphylaxis is mast cell tryptase, tryptase-deficient mice were generated using CRISPR-Cas9. In wild-type mice, the PAR-2 antagonist exacerbated the body temperature drop due to anaphylaxis; however, the effect of the PAR-2 antagonist was abolished in tryptase-deficient mice. These results suggest that tryptase is a possible ligand of PAR-2 in anaphylaxis and that the tryptase/PAR-2 pathway attenuates the anaphylactic response in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Nakazawa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mao Komori
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yonezawa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Momoi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Mutoh T, Yoshida Y, Tatewaki Y, Chin H, Tochinai R, Moroi J, Ishikawa T. Diffusion MRI Fiber Tractography and Benzodiazepine SPECT Imaging for Assessing Neural Damage to the Language Centers in an Elderly Patient after Successful Reperfusion Therapy. Geriatrics (Basel) 2024; 9:30. [PMID: 38525747 PMCID: PMC10961802 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics9020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are the first-line reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke. Here, we describe the utility of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fiber tractography and 123I-iomazenil benzodiazepine receptor single-photon emission computed tomography to estimate the prognosis of post-stroke aphasia after successful reperfusion therapy. CASE REPORT An 81-year-old man was admitted to the hospital approximately 3.5 h after the onset of symptoms, including decreased consciousness, right hemiparesis, and aphasia. An MRI revealed acute cerebral infarction due to M1 segment occlusion. Intravenous alteplase thrombolysis followed by endovascular thrombectomy resulted in recanalization of the left middle cerebral artery territory. A subsequent MRI showed no new ischemic or hemorrhagic lesions. Although the patient's motor hemiparesis gradually recovered, motor aphasia persisted. Diffusion MRI fiber tractography performed 2 weeks after admission revealed partial injury to the left arcuate fasciculus, indicated by lower fractional anisotropy values than on the contralateral side. A decreased benzodiazepine receptor density was also detected in the left perisylvian and temporoparietal cortices. The patient showed no clear signs of further improvement in the chronic stage post-stroke and was discharged to a nursing home after 3 months. CONCLUSIONS The application of functional neuroimaging techniques to assess neuronal damage to the primary brain regions 2 weeks after reperfusion therapy for large-vessel occlusion may allow for an accurate prognosis of post-stroke aphasia. This may have a direct clinical implication for navigating subacute-to-chronic phases of rehabilitative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Mutoh
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Yoshida
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Yasuko Tatewaki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hongkun Chin
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Junta Moroi
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ishikawa
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
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Mutoh T, Aono H, Seto W, Kimoto T, Tochinai R, Moroi J, Ishikawa T. Factors Influencing Discontinuation of Clazosentan Therapy in Elderly Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Study from a Japanese Single Center. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e943303. [PMID: 38361355 PMCID: PMC10877966 DOI: 10.12659/msm.943303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clazosentan is an endothelin receptor antagonist approved in Japan for preventing cerebral vasospasm and vasospasm-associated cerebral ischemia and infarction. This study included elderly patients aged ≥75 years with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and aimed to evaluate the factors associated with discontinuing anti-vasospasm therapy with clazosentan. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this single-center retrospective observational study, we extracted diagnostic and therapeutic work-up data of consecutive 40 patients with SAH treated with clazosentan infusion (10 mg/h) as first-line anti-vasospasm therapy between May 2022 and August 2023. Patient data were compared between the discontinued and completed groups, and related factors for the discontinuation were further analyzed. RESULTS Clazosentan was discontinued in 22% (n=9) of patients due to intolerable dyspnea accompanied by hypoxemia at 5±3 days after therapy initiation, in which 44% (n=4) were elderly (≥75 years). Patients who discontinued clazosentan therapy showed significantly lower urine volumes compared with those who completed the therapy (P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that day-to-day urine volume variance and older age were independent risk factors for drug cessation (P<0.05). The cut-off value for predicting clazosentan discontinuation was -0.7 mL/kg/h with sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 75% (area under the curve: 0.76±0.10; 95% confidence interval: 0.56-0.96; P=0.035). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that approximately 20% of SAH patients suffered from intolerable respiratory symptoms attributable to hypoxemia. We found that both reduced day-to-day urine volume variation and older age are independent risk factors for drug discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Mutoh
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Aono
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita, Japan
| | - Wataru Seto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita, Japan
| | - Takehiro Kimoto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junta Moroi
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ishikawa
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita, Japan
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Mutoh T, Tochinai R, Aono H, Kuwahara M, Taki Y, Ishikawa T. Simple procedure for assessing diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage successfully created using filament perforation method in mice. Animal Model Exp Med 2024; 7:77-81. [PMID: 38111348 PMCID: PMC10961900 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The murine model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a valuable experimental tool for investigating molecular and cellular mechanisms, and the endovascular filament perforation technique can be used to simulate prominent pathophysiological features observed after human SAH; however, current validation methods for assessing an appropriate SAH model are limited. Here, we introduce a simple procedure for selecting a mouse model of diffuse SAH. SAH was induced in 24 mice using a standard filament perforation method. After confirming survival at 24 h, SAH was scored 0-1 based on T2*-weighted images on whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and visual surveillance of the cisterna magna (CM) through the dura mater. The CM-based SAH grading correlated well with a reference parameter defined by extracted brain (r2 = 0.53, p < 0.0001). The receiver operating characteristic curve revealed a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 91% for detecting diffuse SAH, with a similar area under the curve (0.89 ± 0.06 [standard error of the mean]) as the MRI-based grading (0.72 ± 0.10, p = 0.12). Our data suggest that confirming an SAH clot in the CM is a valuable way to select a clinically relevant diffuse SAH model that can be used in future experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Mutoh
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood VesselsAkita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular CenterAkitaJapan
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and CancerTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood VesselsAkita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular CenterAkitaJapan
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and CancerTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroaki Aono
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood VesselsAkita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular CenterAkitaJapan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and CancerTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Tatsuya Ishikawa
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood VesselsAkita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular CenterAkitaJapan
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5
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Mutoh T, Aono H, Seto W, Kimoto T, Tochinai R, Moroi J, Ishikawa T. Cardiopulmonary Events of the Elderly (≥75 Years) during Clazosentan Therapy after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Stroke Center in Japan. Medicina (Kaunas) 2024; 60:185. [PMID: 38276064 PMCID: PMC10819954 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Clazosentan has been shown to prevent vasospasm and reduce mortality in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and has been approved for clinical use in Japan; however, its systemic events in the elderly (aged ≥ 75 years) have not been well-documented. Here, we report serious/intolerable cardiopulmonary complications requiring discontinuation of drug therapy in elderly SAH patients. In this single-center case series study, medical records of consecutive SAH patients treated postoperatively with clazosentan (10 mg/h) between June 2022 and May 2023 were reviewed retrospectively. Thirty-three patients received clazosentan therapy, of whom six were elderly with a mean age of 80.3 ± 5.2 (range 75-89) years. Among them, despite no obvious medical history of systemic abnormalities, clazosentan was discontinued in three (50%) patients due to pleural effusion and hypoxemia with or without hypotension at 5 ± 3 days after therapy initiation, which was higher than the incidence for younger patients (15%). The elderly patients had significantly lower urine output (1935 ± 265 vs. 1123 ± 371 mL/day, p = 0.03) and greater weight gain (2.1 ± 1.1 vs. 4.2 ± 1.9 kg from baseline, p = 0.04) than patients who completed the therapy. One 89-year-old female developed congestive heart failure and hydrostatic pulmonary edema associated with increased intravascular and lung volumes even after therapy was discontinued, while the remaining two cases recovered within 2 days after drug cessation. These results suggest that elderly patients are more vulnerable to fluid retention and have a higher risk of cardiopulmonary complications during clazosentan therapy than younger patients. Careful monitoring of urine volume and weight gain and caution regarding age- and therapy-related hemodynamic insufficiencies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Mutoh
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Aono
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Wataru Seto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Takehiro Kimoto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Junta Moroi
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ishikawa
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita 010-0874, Japan
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6
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Tochinai R, Nagashima Y, Sekizawa SI, Kuwahara M. Anti-tumor and cardiotoxic effects of microtubule polymerization inhibitors: The mechanisms and management strategies. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:96-106. [PMID: 37496236 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Microtubule polymerization inhibitors (MPIs) have long been used as anticancer agents because they inhibit mitosis. Microtubules are thought to play an important role in the migration of tumor cells and the formation of tumor blood vessels, and new MPIs are being developed. Many clinical trials of novel MPIs have been conducted in humans, while some clinical studies in dogs have also been reported. More attempts to apply MPIs not only in humans but also in the veterinary field are expected to be made in the future. Meanwhile, MPIs have a risk of cardiotoxicity. In this paper, we review findings on the pharmacological effects and cardiotoxicity of MPIs, as well as the mechanisms of their cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity of MPIs involves not only the direct effects of MPIs on cardiomyocytes but also their effects on vascular function. For example, hypertension induced by impaired vascular function also contributes to the exacerbation of myocardial damage, and blood pressure control may be useful in reducing cardiotoxicity. By combined administration of MPIs and other anticancer agents, MPI efficacy may be enhanced, thereby potentially allowing to keep MPI dosage low. Measurement of myocardial injury markers in blood and echocardiography may be useful for monitoring cardiotoxicity. In particular, two-dimensional speckle tracking may have high sensitivity for the early detection of MPI-induced cardiac dysfunction. The exploration of the potential of new MPIs while understanding their toxicity and how to deal with them will lead to the further development of cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Nagashima
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sekizawa
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamada T, Ishimaru M, Shoji T, Tomiyasu H, Tochinai R, Taguchi K, Komatsu T. Polyoxazoline-Conjugated l-Asparaginase: An Antibody-Production-Free Therapeutic Agent for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:5789-5797. [PMID: 38047730 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
l-asparaginase (ASNase), an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of l-asparagine into l-aspartic acid, is frequently used as a medication for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, when derived from bacterial sources, this enzyme can elicit side effects, including allergic or hypersensitivity reactions, owing to immune responses. Here, we describe the synthesis of polyoxazoline-conjugated ASNase (POx-ASNase) and investigate its enzyme activity, anticancer efficacy, immunogenicity, and retention in the bloodstream. The water-soluble POx was coupled with surface lysine residues of ASNase using a bifunctional cross-linker. The average number of polymers bound to each enzyme was determined as 10. Although the enzymatic activity of POx-ASNase decreased to 56% of that of native ASNase, its temperature and pH dependencies remained unaltered. Remarkably, the lyophilized powder form of POx-ASNase retained its catalytic ability for 24 months. POx-ASNase demonstrated nearly identical anticancer efficacy compared to naked ASNase against leukemia and lymphoma cells (MOLT-4, CLBL-1, and K562) while displaying no cytotoxicity toward normal cells. Animal experiments conducted using rats revealed that the POx decoration suppressed the generation of anti-ASNase IgM and IgG antibodies with no detection of anti-POx antibodies. The half-life within the bloodstream extended to 34 h, representing a 17-fold increase compared to unmodified ASNase. These findings suggest that POx-ASNase serves as an anticancer therapeutic agent, characterized by the absence of antibody production and notably extended circulation persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiga Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marika Ishimaru
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Shoji
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku 113-8657, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku 113-8657, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Taguchi
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Komatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Chikamoto A, Tochinai R, Sekizawa SI, Kuwahara M. Plasticity occurs in a specific phenotype of neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius of dystrophin gene-mutated rats. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:4282-4297. [PMID: 37933572 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe progressive neuromuscular disorder that causes cardiac and respiratory failure. Patients with DMD have tachycardia and autonomic nervous dysfunction at a young age, which can potentially worsen cardiorespiratory function. Therefore, we hypothesised that plasticity occurs in neurons of the cardiorespiratory brainstem nucleus (nucleus tractus solitarius [NTS]) due to DMD, thus affecting neuronal regulation because afferent information from cardiorespiratory organs changes with disease progression. Patch-clamp experiments were performed on second-order NTS neurons from Dmd-mutated (Dm) rats that showed no functional dystrophin protein expression, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry. NTS neurons are classified into two electrophysiological phenotypes: one showing a delayed onset of spiking from hyperpolarised membrane potentials, namely, delayed-onset spiking (DS)-type neurons, and the other showing a rapid onset, namely, rapid-onset spiking-type neurons. Neuroplasticity mainly occurs in DS-type neurons in Dm rats and is characterised by blunted neuronal excitability accompanied by reduced outward currents and a facilitatory effect on synaptic transmission, that is, an increased frequency of spontaneous and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) without changes in the amplitude and an increased amplitude of tractus solitarius-evoked EPSCs without changes in the paired-pulse ratio. Although we cannot rule out the possibility that the neuroplastic changes observed in Dm rats were caused by dystrophin deficiency in the neurons themselves, the plasticity could be caused by cardiorespiratory deterioration and/or adaptation in DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitoshi Chikamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sekizawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Tochinai R, Kimura K, Saika T, Fujii W, Morita H, Nakanishi K, Tsuru Y, Sekizawa SI, Yamanouchi K, Kuwahara M. Ivabradine ameliorates cardiomyopathy progression in a Duchenne muscular dystrophy model rat. Exp Anim 2023:23-0087. [PMID: 37914289 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.23-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive myopathy caused by dystrophin mutations. Inevitable progressive cardiomyopathy is a current leading cause of premature death although respiratory management has improved the prognosis of patients with DMD. Recent evidence shows that reducing the heart rate is expected as one of the promising strategies for heart failure treatment, but administering a sufficient dose of β-blocker for patients with DMD with tachycardia is difficult because of their low blood pressure (BP). Thus, this study aimed to clarify the role of ivabradine, which suppresses cardiac sinus node pacemakers without decreasing BP, in ameliorating cardiomyopathy progression in a rat model with DMD. A trans-oral single ivabradine administration demonstrated a declined dose-dependent heart rate without any significant BP reduction. Trans-gastric repeated administrations of 5 mg/kg of ivabradine twice a day for 3 months showed ameliorated cardiomyopathy in DMD rats based on echocardiography and histopathological observations (left ventricular dysfunction, right ventricular dysfunction, and myocardial fibrosis) as compared with vehicle administration. Our finding indicates that ivabradine is expected as another treatment choice for patients with DMD having tachycardia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Koichi Kimura
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Cardiology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo
| | - Takeru Saika
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Koki Nakanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Shin-Ichi Sekizawa
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Keitaro Yamanouchi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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10
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Lee S, Tochinai R, Yasuoka A, Nagai T, Saito Y, Kuwahara M, Abe K, Asakura T. Mastication stimuli regulate the heartbeat rate through rhythmic regulation by the hypothalamic-autonomic system; molecular and telemetric studies in weaning-stage rats. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1260655. [PMID: 37781249 PMCID: PMC10536135 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1260655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastication stimuli have been demonstrated to affect memory function and autonomic nerve activity; however, this process has not been well studied during weaning compared to old age. Previously, we conducted molecular analyses of the thalamus and hippocampus to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this memory-enhancing effect in weaning-stage rats. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of masticatory stimuli on the regulation of heartbeat rate (HR) through the hypothalamic-autonomic system. Three-week-old male rats were administered a powdered diet (P group) or chow-diet (C group) for 10 days. Thereafter, transcriptome analysis was performed. Vasopressin, cocaine-amphetamine-regulated transcript prepropeptide, corticotropin-releasing hormone, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which are involved in sympathetic activation of heart rate, were downregulated in the C group. Electrocardiograms were recorded continuously for 12 days under the same condition. Interestingly, rats in the C group had a significantly lower HR than those in the P group on day 11. We checked several parameters representing the autonomic regulation of HR. The C group had higher values for the high-frequency band integration of the HR power spectrum (parasympathetic marker) and root mean square successive difference of R-wave intervals (parasympathetic marker) relative to the P group. Such findings provide a molecular and physiological basis for understanding the regulation of cardiovascular function in response to masticatory stimuli in the autonomic nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonmi Lee
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Yasuoka
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Nutrition, Seitoku University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshitada Nagai
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Saito
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toyo Institute of Food Technology, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Project on Health and Anti-Aging, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Center (LiSE), Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tomiko Asakura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Okamoto W, Hiwatashi Y, Kobayashi T, Morita Y, Onozawa H, Iwazaki M, Kohno M, Tomiyasu H, Tochinai R, Georgieva R, Bäumler H, Komatsu T. Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-Conjugated Hemoglobins as a Red Blood Cell Substitute. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:3330-3340. [PMID: 37504970 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Hemoglobin wrapped covalently with poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)s (POx-Hb) is characterized physicochemically and physiologically as an artificial O2 carrier for use as a red blood cell (RBC) substitute. The POx-Hb is generated by linkage of porcine Hb surface-lysines to a sulfhydryl terminus of the POx derivative, with the average binding number of the polymers ascertained as 6. The POx-Hb shows moderately higher colloid osmotic activity and O2 affinity than the naked Hb. Human adult HbA conjugated with POx also possesses equivalent features and O2 binding properties. The POx-Hb solution exhibits good hemocompatibility, with no influence on the functions of platelets, granulocytes, and monocytes. Its circulation half-life in rats is 14 times longer than that of naked Hb. Hemorrhagic shock in rats is relieved sufficiently by infusion of the POx-Hb solution, as revealed by improvements of circulatory parameters. Serum biochemistry tests and histopathological observations indicate no acute toxicity or abnormality in the related organs. All results indicate that POx-Hb represents an attractive alternative for RBCs and a useful O2 therapeutic reagent in transfusion medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Okamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Yuuki Hiwatashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Morita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroto Onozawa
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara-shi, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iwazaki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara-shi, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Mitsutomo Kohno
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama 350-8550, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Radostina Georgieva
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medical Physics, Biophysics and Radiology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Hans Bäumler
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Teruyuki Komatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
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12
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Nagashima Y, Tochinai R, Sekizawa SI, Kato D, Nakagawa T, Tsuru Y, Tatewaki Y, Mutoh T, Taki Y, Kuwahara M. Pretreatment with tadalafil attenuates cardiotoxicity induced by combretastatin A4 disodium phosphate in rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2023; 36:151-158. [PMID: 37577366 PMCID: PMC10412959 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2022-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Combretastatin A4 disodium phosphate (CA4DP) is a prodrug of combretastatin A4 (CA4), a microtubule-disassembling agent that exhibits antitumor effects by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and inducing morphological changes and apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells in tumors. However, cardiotoxicity induced by ischemia and hypertension is a severe adverse event. In this study, we focused on the fact that phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5 inhibitors dilate the heart and peripheral blood vessels and aimed to investigate whether co-administration of tadalafil, a PDE5 inhibitor, can attenuate cardiotoxicity without altering the antitumor effect of CA4DP. To investigate cardiotoxicity, CA4DP and/or tadalafil were administered to rats, and blood pressure, echocardiography, histopathology, and cGMP concentration in the myocardium were examined. Administration of CA4DP increased systolic blood pressure, decreased cardiac function, lowered cGMP levels in the myocardium, and led to necrosis of myocardial cells. Co-administration of tadalafil attenuated these CA4DP-induced changes. To investigate the antitumor effect, canine mammary carcinoma cell lines (CHMp-13a) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured with CA4 and/or tadalafil, and cell proliferation and endothelial vascular tube disruption were examined. CHMp-13a cells were transplanted into nude mice and treated with CA4DP and/or tadalafil. CA4-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and disruption of the endothelial vascular tube were not affected by co-treatment with tadalafil, and the antitumor effects of CA4DP in xenograft mice were not reduced by co-administration of tadalafil. These results revealed that myocardial damage induced by CA4DP was attenuated by co-administration of tadalafil while maintaining antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Nagashima
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health,
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health,
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine,
Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryocho, Aobaku,
Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita
Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, 6-10 Sensyu-Kubota-machi, Akita 010-0874,
Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Sekizawa
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health,
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Daiki Kato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of
Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo,
113-8657, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of
Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo,
113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Tsuru
- Primetech Corp. Life Science Laboratory, 1-1-1 Yayoi,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yasuko Tatewaki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine,
Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryocho, Aobaku,
Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Mutoh
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine,
Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryocho, Aobaku,
Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita
Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, 6-10 Sensyu-Kubota-machi, Akita 010-0874,
Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine,
Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryocho, Aobaku,
Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health,
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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13
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Okamoto W, Usui T, Hasegawa M, Kobayashi T, Fujisawa J, Taguchi K, Matsumoto K, Kohno M, Iwazaki M, Shimano S, Nagao I, Toyoda H, Matsumura N, Tomiyasu H, Tochinai R, Komatsu T. Polyoxazoline-conjugated porcine serum albumin as an artificial plasma expander for dogs. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9512. [PMID: 37316550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35999-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Veterinary medicine has made tremendous progress for domestic dogs, which are irreplaceable family members enriching human life. Nevertheless, no adequate supply system exists for their blood products. This study examined the synthesis, structure, safety, and efficacy of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-conjugated porcine serum albumin (POx-PSA) as an artificial plasma expander for dogs. The aqueous POx-PSA solution showed moderately high colloid osmotic pressure and good blood cell compatibility. Actually, lyophilized powder stored for 1 year can regenerate into a homogeneous solution. The circulation half-life of POx-PSA in rats was 2.1-fold longer than that of naked PSA. Rats produced neither anti-PSA IgG antibody nor anti-POx IgG antibody, which suggests excellent immunological stealth properties of POx-PSA. Complete resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock in rats was achieved soon after injection of POx-PSA solution. Serum biochemistry tests and histopathological observations indicated no abnormality in the related organs. When POx-PSA was administered to dogs intravenously, (i) no serum biochemical or hematological alteration was observed, also (ii) no overt deterioration of animal health was observed. These results indicate that POx-PSA has potential as an artificial plasma expander for dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Okamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Tomone Usui
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Mai Hasegawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Junya Fujisawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Taguchi
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Matsumoto
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Mitsutomo Kohno
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iwazaki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara-shi, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Shotaro Shimano
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Itsuma Nagao
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiroto Toyoda
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoki Matsumura
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Komatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan.
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14
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Orihara H, Ma M, Nagashima Y, Tochinai R, Sekizawa SI, Kato D, Shinada M, Aoki S, Fujita N, Nakagawa T, Tsuru Y, Tatewaki Y, Mutoh T, Taki Y, Nishimura R, Kuwahara M. Co-administration of JQ1, a bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor, enhances the antitumor effect of combretastatin A4, a microtubule inhibitor, while attenuating its cardiotoxicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114353. [PMID: 36736274 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Combretastatin A4 (CA4) inhibits microtubule polymerization, and clinical trials of the prodrug, CA4 disodium phosphate (CA4DP), as an anti-cancer agent have been conducted. However, CA4DP has not been marketed to date because the margin between the effective dose and the cardiotoxic dose is insufficient. Meanwhile, bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) has been reported to be required for recovery from mitotic arrests induced by anti-microtubule drugs. BRD4 has also been reported to be involved in the progression of heart failure. Therefore, we hypothesized that the combined use of CA4DP with BRD4 inhibitors can enhance the antitumor effect and attenuate CA4DP-induced cardiotoxicity. In this study, the antitumor effect and cardiotoxicity caused by the co-administration of CA4DP with JQ1, a BRD4 inhibitor, were evaluated. CA4 or JQ1 alone reduced the viability of cultured canine mammary tumor cells (CHMp-13a). Viability was further reduced by co-administration, through the suppression of c-Myc. BRD4 positivity in CHMp-13a cytoplasm showed a significant increase when treated with CA4 alone, while the increase was not significant following co-administration. In CHMp-13a xenograft-transplanted mice, co-administration of CA4DP and JQ1 suppressed tumor growth significantly. In CA4DP-induced cardiac injury model rats, echocardiography showed a CA4DP-induced decrease in cardiac function and histopathology showed cardiomyocyte necrosis. Meanwhile, these cardiac changes tended to be milder following the co-administration of CA4DP and JQ1. These results suggest that CA4DP-JQ1 co-administration enhances the antitumor effect of CA4DP while attenuating its cardiotoxicity and therefore potentially open the doors to the development of a novel cancer chemotherapy with reduced cardiotoxicity risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Orihara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Nagashima
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aobaku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, 6-10 Sensyu-Kubota-machi, Akita-shi, Akita 010-0874, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichi Sekizawa
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Daiki Kato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Susumu Aoki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoki Fujita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Tsuru
- Primetech Corp. Life Science Laboratory, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yasuko Tatewaki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aobaku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Mutoh
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aobaku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, 6-10 Sensyu-Kubota-machi, Akita-shi, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aobaku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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15
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Murakami K, Tochinai R, Tachibana D, Isano Y, Matsuda R, Nakamura F, Kurotaki Y, Isoda Y, Yamane M, Sugita Y, Fukuda J, Ueno K, Miki N, Fuchiwaki O, Ota H. Direct Wiring of Liquid Metal on an Ultrasoft Substrate Using a Polyvinyl Alcohol Lift-off Method. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:7241-7251. [PMID: 35084813 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, wiring and system construction on ultrasoft materials such as biological tissues and hydrogels have been proposed for advanced wearable devices, implantable devices, and soft robotics. Among the soft conductive materials, Ga-based liquid metals (LMs) are both biocompatible and ultrasoft, making them a good match for electrodes on the ultrasoft substrates. However, gels and tissues are softer and less wettable to the LMs than conventional soft substrates such as Ecoflex and polydimethylsiloxane. In this study, we demonstrated the transfer of LM paste composed of Ga-based LM and Ni nanoparticles onto ultrasoft substrates such as biological tissue and gels using sacrificial polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films. The LM paste pattern fabricated on the PVA film adhered to the ultrasoft substrate along surface irregularities and was transferred without being destroyed by the PVA film before the PVA's dissolution in water. The minimum line width that could be wired was approximately 165 μm. Three-dimensional wiring, such as the helical structure on the gel fiber surface, is also possible. Application of this transfer method to tissues using LM paste wiring allowed the successful stimulation of the vagus nerve in rats. In addition, we succeeded in transferring a temperature measurement system fabricated on a PVA film onto the gel. The connection between the solid-state electrical element and the LM paste was stable and maintained the functionality of the temperature-sensing system. This fundamental study of wiring fabrication and system integration can contribute to the development of advanced electric devices based on ultrasoft substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Murakami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Daiki Tachibana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yuji Isano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Matsuda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Fumika Nakamura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Kurotaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yutaka Isoda
- Graduate School of System Integration, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Monami Yamane
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Sugita
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Junji Fukuda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Ueno
- Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Norihisa Miki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Ohmi Fuchiwaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of System Integration, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ota
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of System Integration, Yokohama National University, 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
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16
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Hsu JCN, Sekizawa S, Tochinai R, Kuwahara M. Loss of Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Signaling Exacerbates Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070720. [PMID: 34357092 PMCID: PMC8307370 DOI: 10.3390/life11070720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High blood pressure is a major risk factor of cerebro-cardiovascular outcomes. Blood pressure is partly regulated by the autonomic nervous system and its reflex functions; therefore, we hypothesized that pharmacological intervention in the brainstem that can regulate blood pressure could be a novel therapeutic strategy to control hypertension. We infused a group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist (LY341495, 0.40 μg/day), using a mini-osmotic pump, into the dorsal medulla oblongata in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), as this area is adjacent to the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), of which the neurons are involved in baroreflex pathways with glutamatergic transmission. Blood pressure was recorded for conscious rats with the tail cuff method. A 6-week antagonist treatment from 6 to 12 weeks of age slightly but significantly increased systolic blood pressure by >30 mmHg, compared to that in SHRs without treatment. Moreover, the effect continued even 3 weeks after the treatment ended, and concurred with an increase in blood catecholamine concentration. However, heart rate variability analysis revealed that LY341495 treatment had little effect on autonomic activity. Meanwhile, mRNA expression level of mGluR subtype 2, but not subtype 3 in the brainstem was significantly enhanced by the antagonist treatment in SHRs, possibly compensating the lack of mGluR signaling. In conclusion, mGluR2 signaling in the dorsal brainstem is crucial for preventing the worsening of hypertension over a relatively long period in SHRs, through a mechanism of catecholamine secretion. This may be a specific drug target for hypertension therapy.
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Hsu JCN, Sekizawa SI, Tochinai R, Kuwahara M. Chronic stimulation of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors in the medulla oblongata attenuates hypertension development in spontaneously hypertensive rats. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251495. [PMID: 34010316 PMCID: PMC8133461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Baroreflex dysfunction is partly implicated in hypertension and one responsible region is the dorsal medulla oblongata including the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). NTS neurons receive and project glutamatergic inputs to subsequently regulate blood pressure, while G-protein-coupled metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) play a modulatory role for glutamatergic transmission in baroreflex pathways. Stimulating group II mGluR subtype 2 and 3 (mGluR2/3) in the brainstem can decrease blood pressure and sympathetic nervous activity. Here, we hypothesized that the chronic stimulation of mGluR2/3 in the dorsal medulla oblongata can alleviate hypertensive development via the modulation of autonomic nervous activity in young, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Compared with that in the sham control group, chronic LY379268 application (mGluR2/3 agonist; 0.40 μg/day) to the dorsal medulla oblongata for 6 weeks reduced the progression of hypertension in 6-week-old SHRs as indicated by the 40 mmHg reduction in systolic blood pressure and promoted their parasympathetic nervous activity as evidenced by the heart rate variability. No differences in blood catecholamine levels or any echocardiographic indices were found between the two groups. The improvement of reflex bradycardia, a baroreflex function, appeared after chronic LY379268 application. The mRNA expression level of mGluR2, but not mGluR3, in the dorsal medulla oblongata was substantially reduced in SHRs compared to that of the control strain. In conclusion, mGluR2/3 signaling might be responsible for hypertension development in SHRs, and modulating mGluR2/3 expression/stimulation in the dorsal brainstem could be a novel therapeutic strategy for hypertension via increasing the parasympathetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Chu-Ning Hsu
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Sekizawa
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Miyamoto M, Tochinai R, Sekizawa SI, Shiga T, Uchida K, Tsuru Y, Kuwahara M. Cardiac lesions in Duchenne muscular dystrophy model rats with out-of-frame Dmd gene mutation mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 system. J Toxicol Pathol 2020; 33:227-236. [PMID: 33239841 PMCID: PMC7677620 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2020-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive muscular disorder caused by
X-chromosomal DMD gene mutations. Recently, a new CRISPR/Cas9-mediated
DMD rat model (cDMDR) was established and is expected to show cardiac lesions similar to
those in humans. We therefore investigated the pathological and pathophysiological
features of the cardiac lesions and their progression in cDMDR. For our cDMDR,
Dmd-mutated rats (W-Dmdem1Kykn) were
obtained. Dmd heterozygous-deficient females and wild-type (WT) males
were mated, and male offspring including WT as controls were used. (1) Hearts were
collected at 3, 5, and 10 months of age, and HE- and Masson’s trichrome-stained specimens
were observed. (2) Electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings were made and analyzed at 3, 5, and
8 months of age. (3) Echocardiography was performed at 9 months of age. In cDMDR rats, (1)
degeneration/necrosis of cardiomyocytes and myocardial fibrosis prominent in the right
ventricular wall and the outer layer of the left ventricular wall were observed. Fibrosis
became more prominent with aging. (2) Lower P wave amplitudes and greater R wave
amplitudes were detected. PR intervals tended to be shorter. QT intervals were longer at 3
months but tended to be shorter at 8 months. Sinus irregularity and premature ventricular
contraction were observed at 8 months. (3) Echocardiography indicated myocardial sclerosis
and a tendency of systolic dysfunction. Pathological and pathophysiological changes
occurred in cDMDR rat hearts and progressed with aging, which is, to some extent, similar
to what occurs in humans. Thus, cDMDR could be a valuable model for studying cardiology of
human DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Miyamoto
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shin-Ich Sekizawa
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takanori Shiga
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Tsuru
- Primetech Corp. Life Science Laboratory, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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19
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Kaneko K, Chikamoto A, Hsu JCN, Tochinai R, Sekizawa SI, Yamamoto M, Kuwahara M. Effects of environmental enrichment on autonomic nervous activity in NSY mice. Exp Anim 2019; 69:161-167. [PMID: 31735765 PMCID: PMC7220714 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) can reduce anxiety and stress in experimental animals,
while little is known about the influence on autonomic nervous activity especially in
disease animal models. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with cardiovascular autonomic
dysfunction, which can be characterized by a higher resting heart rate and a lower heart
rate variability (HRV). We hypothesized that EE can enhance parasympathetic nervous
activity while reducing disease progression in type 2 diabetic mice. A telemetry
transmitter was implanted in NSY mice to continuously record electrocardiograms (ECG).
Animals were kept in a cage with or without a nest box as EE. The autonomic nervous
activity was evaluated using power spectral analysis of HRV. Four weeks of EE could
increase high frequency (HF) power, but no change was observed in the absence of EE.
Although animals showed impaired glucose tolerance at 48 weeks of age regardless of EE, a
worsen case was observed in control. These results indicate that EE can be necessary for
long-term housing of experimental animals and may reduce the risk of impaired glucose
tolerance in NSY mice by enhancing parasympathetic nervous activity. In future, it is
demanded whether increasing parasympathetic nervous activity, whatever the method is, can
prevent diabetes from worsening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kaneko
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.,School of Nursing, Ibaraki Christian University, 6-11-1 Omika, Hitachi, Ibaraki 319-1295, Japan.,Graduate School of Nursing, Ibaraki Christian University, 6-11-1 Omika, Hitachi, Ibaraki 319-1295, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Chikamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Julia Chu-Ning Hsu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sekizawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Machiko Yamamoto
- School of Nursing, Ibaraki Christian University, 6-11-1 Omika, Hitachi, Ibaraki 319-1295, Japan.,Graduate School of Nursing, Ibaraki Christian University, 6-11-1 Omika, Hitachi, Ibaraki 319-1295, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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20
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Chikamoto A, Sekizawa SI, Tochinai R, Kuwahara M. Early attenuation of autonomic nervous function in senescence accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8). Exp Anim 2019; 68:511-517. [PMID: 31168043 PMCID: PMC6842801 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM) strain has been established as an inbred strain with an accelerated aging phenotype. SAM prone-8 (SAMP8), one of the SAM strain, exhibits learning disability, immune deficiency, and circadian rhythm loss at a relatively young age. However, it has not been clarified whether aging affects the autonomic nervous activity in SAMP8. The aim of this study was to clarify the utility of SAMP8 in age-related studies of autonomic nervous function. Electrocardiogram (ECG), body temperature, and locomotor activity were recorded to evaluate bio-behavioral activities. Autonomic nervous activity was evaluated via power spectral analysis of heart rate variability from ECG recordings. SAMP8 significantly decreased both biological and autonomic nervous functions, and the animals exhibited circadian rhythm loss of locomotive activity at as early as 40 weeks of age compared with a control strain at the same age. We concluded that the SAMP8 strain can be used as an animal model for age-related studies of autonomic nervous function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitoshi Chikamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sekizawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryota Tochinai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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21
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Tochinai R, Komatsu K, Murakami J, Nagata Y, Ando M, Hata C, Suzuki T, Kado S, Kobayashi T, Kuwahara M. Histopathological and functional changes in a single-dose model of combretastatin A4 disodium phosphate-induced myocardial damage in rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2018; 31:307-313. [PMID: 30393435 PMCID: PMC6206283 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2018-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is a concern in the development of microtubule-disassembling agents
(MDAs) as vascular-disrupting agents of tumors. This study investigated cardiotoxicity in
rats induced by a single-dose of combretastatin A4 disodium phosphate (CA4DP), an MDA and
discussed the use of this rat model in nonclinical studies of MDAs. First, CA4DP (120
mg/kg) was administered to rats intravenously, and cardiac histopathology and blood
biomarkers were examined after 0.5, 24, and 72 h. Next, CA4DP (120 mg/kg) was administered
to rats intravenously, and the electrocardiography and echocardiography results were
analyzed. The results showed that at 0.5 h after dosing, plasma creatine kinase (CK),
CK-muscle/brain (CK-MB), and fatty acid binding protein 3 levels increased. At 24 h,
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-1, CK, and CK-MB levels increased, and multifocal vacuolar
degeneration of myocardial cells was observed in the apical inner layer. At 72 h, LDH-1
levels were increased, and multifocal myocardial necrosis was observed in the
interventricular septum and inner layer of the apex of left ventricular wall. Furthermore,
at 0.5 h, heart rate (HR), ejection fraction (EF), and cardiac output (CO) decreased. At
24 h, CO decreased. Finally, at 72 h, HR, EF, and CO decreased, and depression of the
T-wave amplitude was observed. In conclusion, myocardial injury, bradycardia, and
depressed cardiac function were induced in rats by a single-dose of CA4DP. The lesion
distribution and electrocardiographic features suggested that myocardial injury was
induced by ischemia. These findings are similar to MDA-induced cardiotoxicity in humans,
and this rat model will prove useful in studies of the cardiotoxicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tochinai
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan.,Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kayoko Komatsu
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Junta Murakami
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Yuriko Nagata
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Minoru Ando
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Chie Hata
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Tomo Suzuki
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Shoichi Kado
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kobayashi
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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22
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Tochinai R, Nagata Y, Ando M, Hata C, Suzuki T, Asakawa N, Yoshizawa K, Uchida K, Kado S, Kobayashi T, Kaneko K, Kuwahara M. Combretastatin A4 disodium phosphate-induced myocardial injury. J Toxicol Pathol 2016; 29:163-71. [PMID: 27559241 PMCID: PMC4963615 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2016-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Histopathological and electrocardiographic features of myocardial lesions induced by
combretastatin A4 disodium phosphate (CA4DP) were evaluated, and the relation between
myocardial lesions and vascular changes and the direct toxic effect of CA4DP on
cardiomyocytes were discussed. We induced myocardial lesions by administration of CA4DP to
rats and evaluated myocardial damage by histopathologic examination and
electrocardiography. We evaluated blood pressure (BP) of CA4DP-treated rats and effects of
CA4DP on cellular impedance-based contractility of human induced pluripotent stem
cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs). The results revealed multifocal myocardial
necrosis with a predilection for the interventricular septum and subendocardial regions of
the apex of the left ventricular wall, injury of capillaries, morphological change of the
ST junction, and QT interval prolongation. The histopathological profile of myocardial
lesions suggested that CA4DP induced a lack of myocardial blood flow. CA4DP increased the
diastolic BP and showed direct effects on hiPS-CMs. These results suggest that CA4DP
induces dysfunction of small arteries and capillaries and has direct toxicity in
cardiomyocytes. Therefore, it is thought that CA4DP induced capillary and myocardial
injury due to collapse of the microcirculation in the myocardium. Moreover, the direct
toxic effect of CA4DP on cardiomyocytes induced myocardial lesions in a coordinated
manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tochinai
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Yuriko Nagata
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Minoru Ando
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Chie Hata
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Tomo Suzuki
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Asakawa
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yoshizawa
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Kazumi Uchida
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Shoichi Kado
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kobayashi
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Kimiyuki Kaneko
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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23
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Tochinai R, Suzuki K, Nagata Y, Ando M, Hata C, Komatsu K, Suzuki T, Uchida K, Kado S, Kaneko K, Kuwahara M. Cardiotoxic changes of colchicine intoxication in rats: electrocardiographic, histopathological and blood chemical analysis. J Toxicol Pathol 2014; 27:223-30. [PMID: 25378807 PMCID: PMC4217234 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2014-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The microtubule inhibitor colchicine is cardiotoxic and is suggested to impair impulse formation and conduction. However, little is known about the electrocardiographic (ECG) changes induced by colchicine in experimental animals and the detailed pathogenesis of its cardiotoxicity. Therefore, we analyzed cardiotoxicity in colchicine-treated rats using electrocardiographic, histopathological and blood-chemistry approaches. A telemetry device for transmitting ECG data was implanted into male Crl:CD(SD) rats, and ECG tracings were obtained. At 6 weeks of age, 1.25 mg/kg colchicine was injected intravenously once daily for 2 consecutive days, and ECG waveforms and heart rate variability were analyzed. Furthermore, 1.25 mg/kg colchicine or vehicle was injected for 1 or 2 consecutive days in other rats at 6 weeks of age. One day after the final dosing, heart and blood samples were taken for histopathological and bloodchemical examination. ECG analysis revealed a prolonged RR interval, QRS duration, PR interval and QT interval. Heart rate variability analysis showed an increase in high frequency (HF) components as an index of parasympathetic nervous activity. In blood chemical examinations, colchicine induced high levels of parameters of cardiac injury and low levels and/or variations in Ca, inorganic phosphorus, potassium and chloride. Histopathologically, colchicine-treated rats showed eosinophilic granular degeneration and cytoplasmic vacuolation of ventricular myocardial cells but no remarkable change in the atrioventricular node. Not only blood chemical and histopathological changes but also ECG changes were induced in colchicine-treated rats, which indicated a decrease in myocardium excitability and conductivity, and these changes might be related to increased parasympathetic nervous activity and low blood Ca levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tochinai
- Safety Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Safety Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Yuriko Nagata
- Safety Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Minoru Ando
- Safety Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Chie Hata
- Safety Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Kayoko Komatsu
- Safety Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Tomo Suzuki
- Safety Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Kazumi Uchida
- Safety Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Shoichi Kado
- Safety Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Kimiyuki Kaneko
- Safety Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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