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Yu X, Zhang H, Li J, Gu L, Cao L, Gong J, Xie P, Xu J. Construction of a prognostic prediction model in liver cancer based on genes involved in integrin cell surface interactions pathway by multi-omics screening. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1237445. [PMID: 38374893 PMCID: PMC10875080 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1237445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor with an increasing incidence in recent years. We aimed to develop a model by integrating clinical information and multi-omics profiles of genes to predict survival of patients with liver cancer. Methods: The multi-omics data were integrated to identify liver cancer survival-associated signal pathways. Then, a prognostic risk score model was established based on key genes in a specific pathway, followed by the analysis of the relationship between the risk score and clinical features as well as molecular and immunologic characterization of the key genes included in the prediction model. The function experiments were performed to further elucidate the undergoing molecular mechanism. Results: Totally, 4 pathways associated with liver cancer patients' survival were identified. In the pathway of integrin cell surface interactions, low expression of COMP and SPP1, and low CNVs level of COL4A2 and ITGAV were significantly related to prognosis. Based on above 4 genes, the risk score model for prognosis was established. Risk score, ITGAV and SPP1 were the most significantly positively related to activated dendritic cell. COL4A2 and COMP were the most significantly positively associated with Type 1 T helper cell and regulatory T cell, respectively. The nomogram (involved T stage and risk score) may better predict short-term survival. The cell assay showed that overexpression of ITGAV promoted tumorigenesis. Conclusion: The risk score model constructed with four genes (COMP, SPP1, COL4A2, and ITGAV) may be used to predict survival in liver cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Gu
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Yan L, Sun H, Chen Y, Yu X, Zhang J, Li P. FOXP2 suppresses the proliferation, invasion, and aerobic glycolysis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating the KDM5A/FBP1 axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:341-356. [PMID: 37713600 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The Warburg effect is the preference of cancer cells to use glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation to generate energy. Accumulating evidence suggests that aerobic glycolysis is widespread in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and closely related to tumorigenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) in aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis in HCC. Here, we found that FOXP2 was lower expressed in HCC tissues and cells than in nontumor tissues and normal hepatocytes. Overexpression of FOXP2 suppressed cell proliferation and invasion of HCC cells and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro, and hindered the growth of mouse xenograft tumors in vivo. Further researches showed that FOXP2 inhibited the Warburg effect in HCC cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that FOXP2 up-regulated the expression of fructose-1, 6-diphosphatase (FBP1), and the inhibitory effect of FOXP2 on glycolysis was dependent on FBP1. Mechanistically, as a transcription factor, FOXP2 negatively regulated the transcription of lysine-specific demethylase 5A (KDM5A), and then blocked KDM5A-induced H3K4me3 demethylation in FBP1 promoter region, thereby promoting the expression of FBP1. Consistently, overexpressing KDM5A or silencing FBP1 effectively reversed the inhibitory effect of FOXP2 on HCC progression. Together, our findings revealed the mechanistic role of the FOXP2/KDM5A/FBP1 axis in glycolysis and malignant progression of HCC cells, providing a potential molecular target for the therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huanhuan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuling Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingru Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peijie Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Shi J, Zhang H, Han G, Wang J, Han X, Zhao M, Duan X, Mi L, Li N, Yin X, Li C, Yin F. Matrine improves the hepatic microenvironment and reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting the Wnt-1/β-catenin signaling pathway. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:5047-5070. [PMID: 37692966 PMCID: PMC10492086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Despite rapid progress in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for HCC over the past 10 years, the overall efficacy remains unsatisfactory. This is mainly due to the presence of an intrahepatic microenvironment of cirrhosis in HCC patients, leading to cancer recurrence and drug resistance. METHODS In this study, we investigated the correlations between the Wnt-1/β-catenin signaling pathway and the prognosis as well as liver function of HCC patients. Additionally, we conducted in vitro experiments using different concentrations of matrine on HuH-7 cells. Furthermore, we verified the associations between the Wnt-1/β-catenin signaling pathway, inflammation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a rat model of pre-hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, matrine was employed to treat pre-hepatocellular carcinoma in rats and patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. RESULTS The results demonstrated the activation of the Wnt-1/β-catenin signaling pathway, the occurrence of EMT, and exacerbated inflammation in human HCC tissues. In HuH-7 cell experiments, matrine effectively downregulated the Wnt-1/β-catenin pathway, reversed EMT, and suppressed migration and invasion of HCC cells. In the rat model of pre-hepatocellular carcinoma, matrine dose-dependently inhibited the activation of the Wnt-1/β-catenin signaling pathway, reversed the occurrence of EMT, and alleviated liver inflammation. Matrine analogues exhibited promising hepatoprotective effects in patients with advanced HCC. CONCLUSIONS Matrine can reverse EMT, alleviate intrahepatic inflammation, and counteract immune depletion by inhibiting the Wnt-1/β-catenin signaling pathway in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Guangjie Han
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Xin Han
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Man Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Lili Mi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Cuizhen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050019, Hebei, P. R. China
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Bakrania A, To J, Zheng G, Bhat M. Targeting Wnt-β-Catenin Signaling Pathway for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Nanomedicine. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2023; 2:948-963. [PMID: 39130774 PMCID: PMC11307499 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a high-fatality cancer with a 5-year survival of 22%. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway presents as one of the most upregulated pathways in HCC. However, it has so far not been targetable in the clinical setting. Therefore, studying new targets of this signaling cascade from a therapeutic aspect could enable reversal, delay, or prevention of hepatocarcinogenesis. Although enormous advancement has been achieved in HCC research and its therapeutic management, since HCC often occurs in the context of other liver diseases such as cirrhosis leading to liver dysfunction and/or impaired drug metabolism, the current therapies face the challenge of safely and effectively delivering drugs to the HCC tumor site. In this review, we discuss how a targeted nano drug delivery system could help minimize the off-target toxicities of conventional HCC therapies as well as enhance treatment efficacy. We also put forward the current challenges in HCC nanomedicine along with some potential therapeutic targets from the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that could be used for HCC therapy. Overall, this review will provide an insight to the current advances, limitations and how HCC nanomedicine could change the landscape of some of the undruggable targets in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bakrania
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey To
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mamatha Bhat
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Sciences, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Extracellular Vesicle-Encapsulated MicroRNA-375 from Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression through Regulating HOXB3-Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:9302496. [PMID: 35127344 PMCID: PMC8813296 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9302496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, microRNA-375 (miR-375) has been implicated in many types of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the functions of miRNAs encapsulated by extracellular vesicles (EV) in HCC progression have also been extensively investigated. In this research, we aimed to probe into the mechanism of EV-encapsulated miR-375 from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in HCC progression. At first, miR-375 expression in HCC tissues and cells was detected using RT-qPCR, and miR-375 was overexpressed to specify the effects of miR-375 on the malignant phenotype of HCC cells. miR-375 was downregulated in HCC, and overexpression of miR-375 suppressed HCC cell growth. Then, BM-MSCs and EV were isolated and identified, and, EV were cocultured with HCC cells for further functional assays. It was found that miR-375 encapsulated by EV could restrict the malignant phenotypes of HCC cells. Furthermore, the downstream genes and signaling cascades involved in HCC growth were investigated. HOXB3 was determined to be a downstream target of miR-375, and upregulation of miR-375 decreased Wnt1 and β-catenin protein expression. Furthermore, HOXB3 blocked the repressive effects of miR-375 on HCC cells and Wnt1 and β-catenin expression. This study highlights that miR-375 encapsulated by EV inhibits HCC development via modulating the HOXB3/Wnt/β-catenin axis.
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Zou Y, Zhong C, Hu Z, Duan S. MiR-873-5p: A Potential Molecular Marker for Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:743701. [PMID: 34676171 PMCID: PMC8523946 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.743701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-873 is a microRNA located on chromosome 9p21.1. miR-873-5p and miR-873-3p are the two main members of the miR-873 family. Most studies focus on miR-873-5p, and there are a few studies on miR-873-3p. The expression level of miR-873-5p was down-regulated in 14 cancers and up-regulated in 4 cancers. miR-873-5p has many targeted genes, which have unique molecular functions such as catalytic activity, transcription regulation, and binding. miR-873-5p affects cancer development through the PIK3/AKT/mTOR, Wnt/β-Catenin, NF-κβ, and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. In addition, the target genes of miR-873-5p are closely related to the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, cell cycle, cell stemness, and glycolysis of cancer cells. The target genes of miR-873-5p are also related to the efficacy of several anti-cancer drugs. Currently, in cancer, the expression of miR-873-5p is regulated by a variety of epigenetic factors. This review summarizes the role and mechanism of miR-873-5p in human tumors shows the potential value of miR-873-5p as a molecular marker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Zou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Chenming Zhong
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Zekai Hu
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang University City College School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
Liver metastasis, originating either from a primary liver or other cancer types, represent a large cancer-related burden. Therefore, studies that add to better understanding of its molecular basis are needed. Herein, the role of the Wnt signaling pathway in liver metastasis is outlined. Its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), motility, migration, metastasis formation, and other steps of the metastatic cascade are presented. Additionally, the roles of the Wnt signaling pathway in the liver metastasis formation of colorectal, breast, gastric, lung, melanoma, pancreatic, and prostate cancer are explored. The special emphasis is given to the role of the Wnt signaling pathway in the communication between the many of the components of the primary and secondary cancer microenvironment that contribute to the metastatic outgrowth in the liver. The data presented herein are a review of the most recent publications and advances in the field that add to the idea that the Wnt pathway is among the drivers of liver metastasis and that its targeting could potentially relieve liver metastasis–related complications.
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Hosseini F, Alemi F, Malakoti F, Mahmoodpoor A, Younesi S, Yousefi B, Asemi Z. Targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling by microRNAs as a therapeutic approach in chemoresistant osteosarcoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114758. [PMID: 34481813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an adolescent and young adult malignancy that mostly occurs in long bones. The treatment of OS is still a big challenge for clinicians due to increasing chemoresistance, and many efforts are being made today to find more beneficial treatments. In this regard, the use of microRNAs has shown a high capacity to develop promising therapies. By targeting cancer-involved signaling pathways, microRNAs reduce the cellular level of these protein pathways; thereby reducing the growth and invasion of tumors, and even leading cancer cells to apoptosis. One of these oncogenic pathways that play an important role in OS development and can be targeted by microRNAs is the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Hence, the first goal of this review article is to explain the cross-talk of microRNAs and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in OS and then discussing recent findings of the use of microRNAs as a therapeutic approach in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foroogh Hosseini
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Malakoti
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science and Health Services, Tabriz, Iran; Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simin Younesi
- Schoole of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melborne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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lncRNA PANTR1 Upregulates BCL2A1 Expression to Promote Tumorigenesis and Warburg Effect of Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Restraining miR-587. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:1736819. [PMID: 34423048 PMCID: PMC8378964 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1736819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common subtypes of malignant liver tumors, characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Due to its poor diagnosis strategy and inefficient clinical intervention, HCC has brought terrible life experiences for patients worldwide. Finding novel curative agents for HCC is urgently needed. In the current study, we hypothesized that lncRNA PANTR1 participates in HCC initiation or progression. Our study found that lncRNA PANTR1 was upregulated in HCC tumor tissues and abundantly expressed in HCC cell lines. PANTR1 knockdown inhibited cell growth and migration, promoted cell apoptosis in vitro, and suppressed tumor cell growth in vivo. Moreover, our results suggest that downregulated PANTR1 inhibited the Warburg effect in HCC cells. Underlying mechanisms of PANTR1 in HCC progression were investigated. PANTR1 acted as a competent sponge for miR-587 and downregulated miR-587 expression in HCC cells. Further, MiR-587 directly targets BCL2A1. lncRNA PANTR1 promotes HCC progression via mediating the miR-587-BCL2A1 axis. Our study identified a novel lncRNA PANTR1/miR-587/BCL2A1 axis in HCC progression. We might provide a new target for HCC basic research and clinical management.
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Wu Q, Xu C, Zeng X, Zhang Z, Yang B, Rao Z. Tumor suppressor role of sFRP‑4 in hepatocellular carcinoma via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:336. [PMID: 33760186 PMCID: PMC7974405 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor located in the liver. Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP-4) is associated with cancer occurrence, but the relationship between sFRP-4 and HCC is not completely understood. The present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism underlying sFRP-4 in HCC. sFRP-4 mRNA expression levels were determined via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to evaluate HCCLM3 and Huh7 cell viability. Moreover, HCCLM3 and Huh7 cell proliferation were assessed using the BrdU ELISA assay kit, and cell apoptosis was measured via flow cytometry. Western blotting was conducted to measure β-catenin and GSK-3β protein expression levels. The results demonstrated that sFRP-4 expression was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues and cells compared with adjacent healthy tissues and MIHA cells, respectively. Moreover, the results indicated that compared with the control group, sFRP-4 overexpression inhibited HCC cell viability and proliferation, and accelerated HCC cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the results suggested that sFRP-4 inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by upregulating GSK-3β expression and downregulating β-catenin expression, thus restraining the malignant behavior of HCC cells. In conclusion, the present study indicated that sFRP-4 served a tumor suppressor role in HCC cells by restraining the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxin Wu
- Cadre Ward Two, General Hospital of The Central Theater Command of The People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of The Central Theater Command of The People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xianghua Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing 400021, P.R. China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of The Central Theater Command of The People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of The Central Theater Command of The People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguo Rao
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of The Central Theater Command of The People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
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Tian Y, Arai E, Makiuchi S, Tsuda N, Kuramoto J, Ohara K, Takahashi Y, Ito N, Ojima H, Hiraoka N, Gotoh M, Yoshida T, Kanai Y. Aberrant DNA methylation results in altered gene expression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinomas. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:2461-2477. [PMID: 32685988 PMCID: PMC7467955 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate DNA methylation alterations in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). METHODS Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed using the Infinium Human Methylation 450 K BeadChip, and levels of mRNA expression were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. RESULTS Compared to 36 samples of normal control liver tissue (C), DNA methylation alterations were observed on 19,281 probes in 22 samples of cancerous tissue (T) obtained from patients showing histological features compatible with NASH in their non-cancerous liver tissue (N). Among those probes, 1396 were located within CpG islands or their shores and shelves, designed around the transcription start sites of 726 genes. In representative genes, such as DCAF4L2, CKLF, TRIM4, PRC1, UBE2C and TUBA1B, both DNA hypomethylation and mRNA overexpression were observed in T samples relative to C samples, and the levels of DNA methylation and mRNA expression were inversely correlated with each other. DNA hypomethylation occurred even in N samples at the precancerous NASH stage, and this was inherited by or further strengthened in T samples. DNA hypomethylation of DCAF4L2, CKLF and UBE2C was observed in both NASH-related and viral hepatitis-related HCCs, whereas that of TRIM4, PRC1 and TUBA1B occurred in a NASH-related HCC-specific manner. DNA hypomethylation and/or mRNA overexpression of these genes was frequently associated with the necroinflammatory grade of NASH and was correlated with poorer tumor differentiation. CONCLUSION DNA methylation alterations may occur under the necroinflammatory conditions characteristic of NASH and participate in NASH-related hepatocarcinogenesis through aberrant expression of tumor-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tian
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Eri Arai
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Satomi Makiuchi
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Noboru Tsuda
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Junko Kuramoto
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ohara
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoriko Takahashi
- Bioscience Department, Solution Knowledge Center, Mitsui Knowledge Industry Co., Ltd, Tokyo, 105-6215, Japan
| | - Nanako Ito
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ojima
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hiraoka
- Pathology Division, Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Masahiro Gotoh
- Fundamental Innovative Oncology Core Center, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Yoshida
- Fundamental Innovative Oncology Core Center, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yae Kanai
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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12
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Zou Y, Zhao X, Li Y, Duan S. miR-552: an important post-transcriptional regulator that affects human cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:6226-6233. [PMID: 33033505 PMCID: PMC7532495 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-552 is a small non-coding RNA located on chromosome 1p34.3, and its expression level is significantly up-regulated in tissues or cells of various tumors. miR-552 can target multiple genes. These targeted genes play important regulatory roles in biological processes such as gene transcription and translation, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell migration, and invasion. Besides, miR-552 may affect the efficacy of various anticancer drugs by targeting genes such as TP53 and RUNX3. This review summarizes the biological functions and clinical expressions of miR-552 in human cancer. Our goal is to explore the potential value of miR-552 in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Zou
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Li
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Medical Genetics Center, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Wu R, Zhao B, Ren X, Wu S, Liu M, Wang Z, Liu W. MiR-27a-3p Targeting GSK3β Promotes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Proliferation and Migration Through Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6241-6249. [PMID: 32801869 PMCID: PMC7386804 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s255419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) was found to play crucial roles in varieties of cancers, which affect tumor proliferation and migration. MiR-27a-3p has been identified as a tumor-related miRNA in liver cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer. However, the function of miR-27a-3p in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its possible molecular mechanisms have still not been elucidated. METHODS QRT-PCR technique was used to detect the expression of miR-27a-3p in TNBC and normal breast cell lines or the effects of miR-27a-3p knockdown and overexpression in TNBC cell lines. Proliferation and migration were measured by CCK-8 method, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays, respectively. Furthermore, we used a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and Western blot analysis to identify GSK3β as a target of miR-27a-3p. RESULTS In this study, we found that miR-27a-3p expression was significantly elevated in TNBC cell lines. Database analysis suggested that TNBC patients with a high expression of miR-27a-3p have poorer overall survival possibilities. Overexpression of miR-27a-3p promotes TNBC cells proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration in vitro. Nevertheless, dual-luciferase reporter result showed that miR-27a-3p directly targeted the 3'-UTR regions of GSK3β mRNA and negatively regulated its expression. Lastly, we demonstrated that miR-27a-3p inactivates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via targeting GSK3β. CONCLUSION These results indicate that expression of miR-27a-3p was highly expressed in TNBC and promoted tumor progression through attenuating GSK3β and may have a potential molecular-targeted strategy for TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhen Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingqing Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xunxin Ren
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiheng Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingzao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zipeng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Doublecortin-like kinase 1 promotes hepatocyte clonogenicity and oncogenic programming via non-canonical β-catenin-dependent mechanism. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10578. [PMID: 32601309 PMCID: PMC7324569 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67401-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver injury is a risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The molecular mechanisms that regulate the decision between normal injury repair and neoplastic initiation are unclear. Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1), a tumor stem cell marker, is induced during cirrhosis and HCC. Here, we demonstrate that DCLK1-overexpressing primary human hepatocytes formed spheroids in suspension cultures. Spheroids derived from DCLK1-overexpressing hepatoma cells showed high level expression of active β-catenin, α-fetoprotein, and SOX9, suggesting that DCLK1 overexpression induces clonogenicity and dedifferentiated phenotypes in hepatoma cells. DCLK1 overexpression in hepatoma cells also increased phosphorylation of GSK-3β at Ser9. This was associated with an induction of a 48-kDa active β-catenin with a preserved hypophosphorylated N-terminus that interacted with nuclear TCF-4 resulting in luciferase reporter activity and cyclin D1 expression. DCLK1 downregulation inhibited 48-kDa β-catenin expression. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib did not block the 48-kDa β-catenin, instead, caused a threefold accumulation, suggesting a proteasome-independent mechanism. Liver tissues from patients with cirrhosis and HCC revealed epithelial co-staining of DCLK1 and active β-catenin, and cleaved E-cadherin. Repopulated DCLK1-overexpressing primary human hepatocytes in humanized FRG mouse livers demonstrated active β-catenin. In conclusion, DCLK1 regulates oncogenic signaling and clonogenicity of hepatocytes by a novel non-canonical/atypical β-catenin-dependent mechanism.
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15
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Han W, Shi J, Cao J, Dong B, Guan W. Current advances of long non-coding RNAs mediated by wnt signaling in glioma. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153008. [PMID: 32703485 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common and aggressive brain tumor in the central nervous system (CNS), in which Wnt signaling pathway has been verified to play a pivotal role in regulating the initiation and progression. Currently, numerous studies have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have critical functions across biological processes including cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and apoptosis via Wnt signaling pathway in glioma. This review depicts canonical and non-canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway properties and relative processing mechanisms in gliomas, and summarizes the function and regulation of lncRNAs mediated by Wnt signaling pathway in the development and progression of glioma. Ultimately, we hope to seek out promising biomarkers and reliable therapeutic targets for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiachao Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
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16
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Yamamoto N, Eguchi A, Hirokawa Y, Ogura S, Sugimoto K, Iwasa M, Watanabe M, Takei Y. Expression Pattern of Plexin Domain Containing 2 in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2020; 39:57-60. [PMID: 32202949 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2019.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plexin domain containing 2 (PLXDC2) is expressed in endothelial cells of tumor stroma, neural progenitor cells, and pluripotent stem cells, but their respective tissue expression pattern is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of PLXDC2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues using a highly specific anti-PLXDC2 rabbit monoclonal antibody, which was recently developed. PLXDC2 was expressed in human HCC tissues including HCC cells, tumor vascular endothelial cells, and some infiltrating cells. The developed anti-PLXDC2 antibody allowed for highly specific and low background staining. Based on these current findings of PLXDC2 expression in human HCC tissues, the window may now be open to explore the role of PLXDC2 in human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Akiko Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Hirokawa
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Suguru Ogura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kazushi Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Motoh Iwasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Watanabe
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Takei
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
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17
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Zhan W, Li Y, Liu X, Zheng C, Fu Y. ZNF671 Inhibits the Proliferation and Metastasis of NSCLC via the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:599-610. [PMID: 32158264 PMCID: PMC6986545 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s235933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world and is the main cause of cancer-related death. Revealing the potential mechanism of malignant characteristics of lung cancer is urgent for treating this disease effectively. Zinc finger protein 671 (ZNF671) is a member of the largest transcription factor family in the human genome. The role of ZNF671 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the function and mechanism of ZNF671 in NSCLC. Methods ZNF671 expression in NSCLC cells and tissues were detected by Real-Time PCR, Western blot and TCGA databases. Then, we evaluated the prognostic value of ZNF671 expression in NSCLC using the Kaplan–Meier plotter (KM plotter) and TCGA databases. Moreover, the function of ZNF671 in the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer was investigated by MTT assay, colony formation assay, in vivo experiment, EdU assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay, and 3D culture assay. Luciferase reporter and subcellular fractionation assays were performed to determine the underlying mechanism of ZNF671-mediated proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC. Results ZNF671 expression was significantly reduced in both NSCLC cell lines and clinical specimens compared to that in normal controls. The survival analysis results indicated that the downregulation of ZNF671 significantly correlates with poor prognosis and predicts a shorter overall survival and post-progression survival among NSCLC patients. Ectopic overexpression of ZNF671 dramatically restrains, whereas silencing ZNF671 enhanced, cell proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC. Mechanically, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that the expression of ZNF671 was significantly correlated with Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Simultaneously, our results confirm that the overexpression of ZNF671 inhibits cell cycle progression and metastasis by weakening the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and then downregulating the expression of downstream target genes CyclinD1 and MMP9. Conclusion This study found that the overexpression of ZNF671 restrains the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer through inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, our current results provide important insights into ZNF671 as an excellent predictive biomarker for NSCLC, thus providing a novel perspective for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhan
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhe Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Lingnan Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Liu
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlong Zheng
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Fu
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, People's Republic of China
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18
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Huang J, Qu Q, Guo Y, Xiang Y, Feng D. Tankyrases/β-catenin Signaling Pathway as an Anti-proliferation and Anti-metastatic Target in Hepatocarcinoma Cell Lines. J Cancer 2020; 11:432-440. [PMID: 31897238 PMCID: PMC6930431 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and malignant events such as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, and invasion. Studies have illustrated that the inhibition of tankyrases (TNKS) antagonizes Wnt/β-catenin signaling in many cancer cells. Methods: The expression levels of proteins related to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and EMT were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in HCC tissue and paired adjacent normal tissue (n = 10), and in an analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Additionally, after treatment of HCC cell lines with TNKS1/2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) and a novel TNKS inhibitor (NVP-TNKS656), cell viability, cell clone formation, wound-healing, and cell invasion assays were performed. Results: Higher expression of β-catenin, TNKS, vimentin, and N-cadherin was observed in HCC tissue compared to adjacent normal tissue, but lower expression of E-cadherin was found in HCC tissue. These findings were also observed in the TCGA analysis. In addition, TNKS inhibition (using TNKS1/2 siRNA and NVP-TNKS656) not only abrogated the proliferation of the HCC cell lines but also suppressed metastasis, invasion, and EMT phenotypic features. Moreover, the mechanisms related to TNKS inhibition in HCC probably involved the stabilization of AXIN levels and the downregulation of β-catenin, which mediates EMT marker expression. Conclusion: The TNKS/β-catenin signaling pathway is a potential anti-proliferation and anti-metastatic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghai Huang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
| | - Qiang Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Yuqi Xiang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
| | - Deyun Feng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences.,Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha city, Hunan province, China
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Weidle UH, Schmid D, Birzele F, Brinkmann U. MicroRNAs Involved in Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Target Candidates, Functionality and Efficacy in Animal Models and Prognostic Relevance. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 17:1-21. [PMID: 31882547 PMCID: PMC6937123 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is responsible for the second-leading cancer-related death toll worldwide. Although sorafenib and levantinib as frontline therapy and regorafenib, cabazantinib and ramicurimab have now been approved for second-line therapy, the therapeutic benefit is in the range of only a few months with respect to prolongation of survival. Aggressiveness of HCC is mediated by metastasis. Intrahepatic metastases and distant metastasis to the lungs, lymph nodes, bones, omentum, adrenal gland and brain have been observed. Therefore, the identification of metastasis-related new targets and treatment modalities is of paramount importance. In this review, we focus on metastasis-related microRNAs (miRs) as therapeutic targets for HCC. We describe miRs which mediate or repress HCC metastasis in mouse xenograft models. We discuss 18 metastasis-promoting miRs and 35 metastasis-inhibiting miRs according to the criteria as outlined. Six of the metastasis-promoting miRs (miR-29a, -219-5p, -331-3p, 425-5p, -487a and -1247-3p) are associated with unfavourable clinical prognosis. Another set of six down-regulated miRs (miR-101, -129-3p, -137, -149, -503, and -630) correlate with a worse clinical prognosis. We discuss the corresponding metastasis-related targets as well as their potential as therapeutic modalities for treatment of HCC-related metastasis. A subset of up-regulated miRs -29a, -219-5p and -425-5p and down-regulated miRs -129-3p and -630 were evaluated in orthotopic metastasis-related models which are suitable to mimic HCC-related metastasis. Those miRNAs may represent prioritized targets emerging from our survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Large Molecule Research, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Schmid
- Large Molecule Research, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Brinkmann
- Large Molecule Research, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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20
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Forkhead box (FOX) G1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma epithelial-Mesenchymal transition by activating Wnt signal through forming T-cell factor-4/Beta-catenin/FOXG1 complex. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:475. [PMID: 31771611 PMCID: PMC6880489 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Forkhead box G1 (FOXG1) is a member of the Fox transcription factor family involved in regulation of many cancers. However, the role of FOXG1 in hepatocellular carcinogenesisis largely unclear. The present study aimed at examining the biological function and underlying mechanism of FOXG1 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor metastasis as well as its clinical significance. Methods Levels of FOXG1 were determined by immunohistochemical and real-time PCR analysis in HCC cell lines and human HCC samples. The effect of FOXG1 on cancer cell invasion and metastasis was investigated in vitro and in vivo in either FOXG1-silenced or overexpressing human HCC cell lines. Immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to investigate the interaction of FOXG1, β-catenin, TCF4 and the effect on Wnt target-gene promoters. Results In human HCC, the level of FOXG1 progressively increased from surrounding non tumorous livers to HCC, reaching the highest levels in metastatic HCC. Furthermore, expression levels of FOXG1 directly correlated with cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. In FOXG1-overexpressing cells, FOXG1 promotes the stabilization and nuclear accumulation of β-catenin by directly binding to β-catenin and it associates with the lymphoid enhancer factor/T cell factor proteins (LEF/TCFs) on Wnt responsive enhancers (WREs) in chromatin. Conclusions The results show that FOXG1 plays a key role in mediating cancer cell metastasis through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HCC cells and predicts HCC prognosis after surgery. Targeting FOXG1 may provide a new approach for therapeutic treatment in the future.
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Jiang Z, Mao Z. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) alleviates the malignant biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. RSC Adv 2019; 9:35473-35482. [PMID: 35528074 PMCID: PMC9074712 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05933d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is an active substance isolated from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bungede, which has been shown to have pharmacological effects in a variety of cancers. However, the effects of AS-IV in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its related mechanisms have been poorly understood. In this study, we explored the roles of AS-IV on HCC and the underlying signaling pathway. We reported that the appropriate concentrations of AS-IV (25, 50, 100 nmol l-1) significantly suppressed the proliferation and cell cycle of HepG2 and Hep3B cell lines whilst promoting apoptosis. Besides, a trans-well and wound healing assay showed that AS-IV could markedly inhibit the migration and invasion of HepG2 and Hep3B cells, the expression of E-cadherin was up-regulation but the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin was down-regulation, and the protein levels of cleaved-caspase-3, 9 were increased markedly compared with the corresponding control. Furthermore, animal model treatment revealed that AS-IV could effectively reduce tumor formation. Moreover, AS-IV also significantly weakened the expression of Wnt, β-catenin and TCF-4 in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results suggested that AS-IV inhibited the biological processes of HCC via regulating of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhongYu Jiang
- Department of Cancer Center, Zhejiang Quhua Hospital Quzhou City Zhejiang Province 324004 China
| | - Zhen Mao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital No. 204, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District Lanzhou City Gansu Province 730000 China
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22
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WDR34 Activates Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:2591-2599. [PMID: 30877610 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05583-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt ligand binding initiates the interaction between Frizzled and Dvl proteins. However, the regulation of Frizzled-Dvl proteins interaction remains largely unknown. AIMS The present study aims to elucidate the regulation of Frizzled-Dvl interaction by WDR34. METHODS The protein levels of WDR34 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues were examined by western blot and immunohistochemistry. The effects of WDR34 on the growth and migration of HCC cells were examined using MTT assay and Boyden chamber assay. The interaction between Frizzled and Dvl was evaluated by immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assay. RESULTS In this study, we have shown that WDR34, the binding protein of Frizzled (Fz) activated beta-catenin/TCF signaling by enhancing the interaction between Fz and Dvl2. WDR34 was found to up-regulate in HCC tissues, and its expression was negatively correlated with the survival of HCC patients. WDR34 promoted the growth, colony formation and migration of HCC cells. However, knocking down the expression of WDR34 inhibited the growth, colony formation and migration of HCC cells. CONCLUSION Taken together, this study demonstrated the oncogenic roles of WDR34 in the progression of HCC and suggested that WDR34 might be a therapeutic target for HCC.
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Lu Z, Chang L, Zhou H, Liu X, Li Y, Mi T, Tong D. Arctigenin Attenuates Tumor Metastasis Through Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Suppressing GSK3β-Dependent Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:937. [PMID: 31555129 PMCID: PMC6726742 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctigenin (ARG) has been reported to be a bioactive lignan from Arctium lappa exerting various activities including anti-cancer and immune-regulation. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-metastasis activity and mechanism of ARG against hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that ARG exhibited a significant cytotoxicity on Hep G2 and SMMC 7721 cells (but not on normal liver cells LO2). In addition, the migration and invasion of Hep G2 and SMMC 7721 cells were also remarkably repressed. Furthermore, ARG attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation, resulting in the down-regulation of β-catenin target genes including c-Myc, cyclin D1, MMP-9, and ZO-1. Noticeably, ARG attenuated the activation of Wnt/β-catenin through a GSK3β-dependent pathway. Besides, we also found that ARG potentially inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition by up-regulating the epithelial and down-regulating the mesenchymal marker proteins. In vivo, intraperitoneal injection of ARG not only significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneous transplanted tumor but also dramatically alleviated the tumor metastasis in liver. Our data demonstrated that ARG exerted anti-epithelial-mesenchymal transition and anti-metastasis activities against hepatocellular carcinoma, which might make it a candidate as a preventive agent for cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingling Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinqian Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiejun Mi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dewen Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Wu DM, Zheng ZH, Zhang YB, Fan SH, Zhang ZF, Wang YJ, Zheng YL, Lu J. Down-regulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1 inhibits tumorigenesis through STAT3 signaling pathway by suppressing CADM1 promoter methylation in liver cancer stem cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:237. [PMID: 31171015 PMCID: PMC6554918 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are a small subset of cells characterized by unlimited self-renewal, cell differentiation, and uncontrollable cellular growth. LCSCs are also resistant to conventional therapies and are thus believed to be held responsible for causing treatment failure of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been recently found that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators in HCC. This present study aims to explore the underlying mechanism of how lncRNA DLX6-AS1 influences the development of LCSCs and HCC. Methods A microarray-based analysis was performed to initially screen differentially expressed lncRNAs associated with HCC. We then analyzed the lncRNA DLX6-AS1 levels as well as CADM1 promoter methylation. The mRNA and protein expression of CADM1, STAT3, CD133, CD13, OCT-4, SOX2, and Nanog were then detected. We quantified our results by evaluating the spheroid formation, proliferation, and tumor formation abilities, as well as the proportion of tumor stem cells, and the recruitment of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) in LCSCs when lncRNA DLX6-AS1 was either overexpressed or silenced. Results LncRNA DLX6-AS1 was upregulated in HCC. The silencing of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 was shown to reduce and inhibit spheroid formation, colony formation, proliferation, and tumor formation abilities, as well as attenuate CD133, CD13, OCT-4, SOX2, and Nanog expression in LCSCs. Furthermore, downregulation of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 contributed to a reduction in CADM1 promoter methylation via suppression of DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b in LCSCs and inactivating the STAT3 signaling pathway. Conclusion This study demonstrated that down-regulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1 may inhibit the stem cell properties of LCSCs through upregulation of CADM1 by suppressing the methylation of the CADM1 promoter and inactivation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1239-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Hui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Bo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Hua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Liao YJ, Yin XL, Deng Y, Peng XW. PRC1 gene silencing inhibits proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis of retinoblastoma cells through the inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16840-16852. [PMID: 31144388 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is an ocular malignancy occurring in childhood. The current study evaluates the ability of silenced PRC1 on retinoblastoma cell proliferation, and angiogenesis via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. A total of 36 cases of retinoblastoma tissues (n = 36) and normal retinal tissues (n = 10) were selected in the current study. Retinoblastoma cells presenting with the high PRC1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were selected among the WERI-Rb-1, HXO-RB44, Y79, SO-Rb50, and SO-Rb70 cells lines, and were transfected with siRNA-PRC1 and LiCl (the activator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway). The expressions of PRC1, VEGF, Wnt1, β-catenin, CyclinD1, extent of β-catenin, and GSK-3β phosphorylation were evaluated. Cell proliferation, cell-cycle distribution, and cell invasion of retinoblastoma cells were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay. The angiogenesis of retinoblastoma cells was detected by tube formation assay. HXO-RB44 and WERI-Rb-1 cells were selected owing to the highest PRC1 mRNA expression. Meanwhile, PRC2 gene silencing presented lower expression levels of PRC1, VEGF, Wnt1, β-catenin, CyclinD1, extent of β-catenin and GSK-3β phosphorylation, decreased proliferation and invasion abilities, extended G0/G1 phase, and shortened S and G2/M phases of HXO-RB44 and WERI-Rb-1 cells, suggesting the silenced PRC2 inactivated Wnt/β-catenin pathway, so as to further restrain the retinoblastoma cell proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis. These results support the view that PRC1 gene silencing could suppress the proliferation, and angiogenesis of retinoblastoma cells by repressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jun Liao
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Long Yin
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Peng
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
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26
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Han R, Chen XY. Apoptotic protease activating factor-1 negatively regulates Wnt signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 35:459-466. [PMID: 31094091 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to evaluate the mechanism of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by verifying the regulation of the wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway via Apal-1. Our data showed that transfection with Ad-Apaf-1 could inhibit the activity of a lymphoid enhancer factor (LEF) luciferase plasmid activated by β-catenin. Overexpressing Apaf-1 could suppress the β-catenin-induced LEF luciferase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot assays demonstrated that the overexpression of Apaf1 significantly suppressed the expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling-related proteins. Further study demonstrated that Apaf-1 suppressed HepG2 cell migration, invasion, and viability. Knocking down the expression of Apaf-1 activated the wnt/β-catenin pathway in HepG2 cells. In contrast, silencing β-catenin decreased the activation of wnt/β-catenin, even in the presence of si-Apaf-1. Cell cycle distribution analysis demonstrated a decrease in the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase in the Apaf-1 silencing group. In contrast, knocking down the expression of β-catenin increased the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase, even in the presence of si-Apaf-1. In summary, the Apaf-1-mediated suppression of HepG2 cell malignancy is achieved by inhibiting the wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xin-Yi Chen
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
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27
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PTK2 promotes cancer stem cell traits in hepatocellular carcinoma by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cancer Lett 2019; 450:132-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Phosphoregulation of the oncogenic protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) by the atypical CDK16/CCNY complex. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-17. [PMID: 30992425 PMCID: PMC6467995 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0242-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CDK16 (also known as PCTAIRE1 or PCTK1) is an atypical member of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) family that forms an active complex with cyclin Y (CCNY). Although both proteins have been recently implicated in cancer pathogenesis, it is still unclear how the CDK16/CCNY complex exerts its biological activity. To understand the CDK16/CCNY network, we used complementary proteomic approaches to identify potential substrates of this complex. We identified several candidates implicating the CDK16/CCNY complex in cytoskeletal dynamics, and we focused on the microtubule-associated protein regulator of cytokinesis (PRC1), an essential protein for cell division that organizes antiparallel microtubules and whose deregulation may drive genomic instability in cancer. Using analog-sensitive (AS) CDK16 generated by CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis in 293T cells, we found that specific inhibition of CDK16 induces PRC1 dephosphorylation at Thr481 and delocalization to the nucleus during interphase. The observation that CDK16 inhibition and PRC1 downregulation exhibit epistatic effects on cell viability confirms that these proteins can act through a single pathway. In conclusion, we identified PRC1 as the first substrate of the CDK16/CCNY complex and demonstrated that the proliferative function of CDK16 is mediated by PRC1 phosphorylation. As CDK16 is emerging as a critical node in cancer, our study reveals novel potential therapeutic targets. Studying the activity of proteins that work together to control cell division is revealing several that might be suitable targets for new drugs to fight cancer. Researchers led by Josep Clotet and Mariana Ribeiro at the International University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain, investigated the activities of the complex formed between two proteins, CDK16 and CCNY. CDK16 is an enzyme that modifies other molecules by adding phosphate groups (PO4) to them. CCNY is a protein that controls the activity of CDK16 and other proteins. Previous research has suggested a role for the complex in the development of cancer, but the mechanism has been unclear. The researchers found that the CDK16/CCNY complex activates proteins that control the network of microtubules in cells known as the cytoskeleton. One of these proteins, PRC1, is essential for cell division.
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29
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Zhang QH, Hu QX, Xie D, Chang B, Miao HG, Wang YG, Liu DZ, Li XD. Ganoderma lucidum Exerts an Anticancer Effect on Human Osteosarcoma Cells via Suppressing the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Integr Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1534735419890917. [PMID: 31855073 PMCID: PMC6923688 DOI: 10.1177/1534735419890917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Current treatment of osteosarcoma is limited in part by side effects and low tolerability, problems generally avoided with traditional Chinese medicine. Ganoderma lucidum, a traditional Chinese medicine with antitumor effects, offers a potential alternative, but little is known about its molecular mechanisms in osteosarcoma cells. Objective: To investigate the effect of G lucidum on osteosarcoma cells and its mechanism. Methods: Osteosarcoma MG63 and U2-OS cells were treated with G lucidum, followed by assays for cell proliferation (Cell Counting Kit-8), colony formation, and apoptosis (Alexa Fluor 647-Annexin V/propidium iodide, flow cytometry). Migration and invasion of cells were assessed by wound healing and Transwell invasion assays, and the effect of G lucidum on Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction was studied by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and dual-luciferase assay. Results:G lucidum inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induced apoptosis of human osteosarcoma MG63 and U2-OS cells. Dual-luciferase assay showed that G lucidum suppressed the transcriptional activity of T-cell factor/lymphocyte enhancer factor in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, G lucidum blocked Wnt/β-catenin signaling by inhibiting the Wnt co-receptor LRP5 and Wnt-related target genes, such as β-catenin, cyclin D1, C-Myc, MMP-2, and MMP-9. At the same time, when Wnt/β-catenin was inhibited, the expression of E-cadherin was upregulated. Conclusions: Our results suggest that G lucidum broadly suppresses osteosarcoma cell growth by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Hao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou
University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin-Xiao Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou
University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou
University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Chang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou
University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital (The
Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Hou-Guang Miao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital (The
Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yun-Guo Wang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical
University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - De-Zhong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou
University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- De-Zhong Liu, Department of Emergency
Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College,
Shantou, Guangdong 515041, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Xue-Dong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou
University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- De-Zhong Liu, Department of Emergency
Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College,
Shantou, Guangdong 515041, People’s Republic of China.
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30
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Gionfra F, De Vito P, Pallottini V, Lin HY, Davis PJ, Pedersen JZ, Incerpi S. The Role of Thyroid Hormones in Hepatocyte Proliferation and Liver Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:532. [PMID: 31543862 PMCID: PMC6730500 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 (thyroxine) control a wide variety of effects related to development, differentiation, growth and metabolism, through their interaction with nuclear receptors. But thyroid hormones also produce non-genomic effects that typically start at the plasma membrane and are mediated mainly by integrin αvβ3, although other receptors such as TRα and TRβ are also able to elicit non-genomic responses. In the liver, the effects of thyroid hormones appear to be particularly important. The liver is able to regenerate, but it is subject to pathologies that may lead to cancer, such as fibrosis, cirrhosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In addition, cancer cells undergo a reprogramming of their metabolism, resulting in drastic changes such as aerobic glycolysis instead of oxidative phosphorylation. As a consequence, the pyruvate kinase isoform M2, the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, is dysregulated, and this is considered an important factor in tumorigenesis. Redox equilibrium is also important, in fact cancer cells give rise to the production of more reactive oxygen species (ROS) than normal cells. This increase may favor the survival and propagation of cancer cells. We evaluate the possible mechanisms involving the plasma membrane receptor integrin αvβ3 that may lead to cancer progression. Studying diseases that affect the liver and their experimental models may help to unravel the cellular pathways mediated by integrin αvβ3 that can lead to liver cancer. Inhibitors of integrin αvβ3 might represent a future therapeutic tool against liver cancer. We also include information on the possible role of exosomes in liver cancer, as well as on recent strategies such as organoids and spheroids, which may provide a new tool for research, drug discovery, and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Gionfra
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo De Vito
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Paul J. Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Jens Z. Pedersen
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Incerpi
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Sandra Incerpi
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31
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Zhang L, Huang Y, Ling J, Zhuo W, Yu Z, Shao M, Luo Y, Zhu Y. Screening and function analysis of hub genes and pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma via bioinformatics approaches. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:511-521. [PMID: 29843214 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-171160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver carcinoma is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Up to date, the mechanisms of liver cancerigenesis and development have not been fully understood. Multi-genes and pathways were involved in the tumorigenesis of liver cancer. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to screen key genes and pathways in liver cancerigenesis and development by using bioinformatics methods. METHODS A dataset GSE64041 were retrieved from GEO database and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out. Then the DEG functions were annotated by gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis, respectively. The hub genes were further selected by protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Afterwards, the mRNA and protein expressions as well as the prognostic values of the hub genes were assessed. RESULTS As a result, 208 up-regulated and 82 down-regulated genes were screened out. These DEGs were mainly enriched in cell cycle and metabolism-related pathways. Through PPI analysis, TOP2A, PRDM10, CDK1, AURKA, BUB1, PLK1, CDKN3, NCAPG, BUB1B and CCNA2 were selected as hub genes, which were all over-expressed in liver cancers relative to those in normal tissues, respectively. Among them, PLK1 and CCNA2 were suggested to be prognostic factors for liver carcinoma. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the present study identified several hub genes, and cell cycle and metabolism-related pathways that may play critical roles in the tumorigenesis of liver cancer. Future validation laboratory experiments are required to confirm the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junjun Ling
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenlei Zhuo
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Shao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunbo Luo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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32
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Duan L, Yang Q, Yang J, Hu Q, Wang B, Li P, Chen W. Identification of serum β-catenin as a biomarker in patients with HBV-related liver diseases. J Transl Med 2018; 16:265. [PMID: 30268125 PMCID: PMC6162905 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substantial evidence indicates that β-catenin is a pivotal regulator that contributes to the initiation and development of various types of diseases. Recently, β-catenin can be detected in human serum and also reported to be correlated with several disease progression in a little research. However, very little is known about the relationship between serum β-catenin and HBV-related liver disease. METHODS Serum levels of β-catenin, from 77 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 63 patients with hepatitis B associated liver cirrhosis (HBLC), 61 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 41 healthy HBV carriers (HHCs) and 78 healthy controls (HCs) were measured by ELISA. Correlations of serum β-catenin with viral replication and liver necroinflammation parameters were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the discriminating power of serum β-catenin to grade different stages of HBV-related disorders. Human hepatic cell line L02 was transfected with a HBV plasmid, and β-catenin levels and the underlying mechanism were analyzed. RESULTS Chronic hepatitis B and HBLC patients but not HHC or HCC showed significantly higher serum β-catenin levels than HCs. β-catenin levels were not correlated with HBV DNA levels but were correlated with necroinflammation parameters. HBV-infected cell model showed elevated levels of phosphorylation at Ser473 in Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylation at Ser9 in GSK3β (p-GSK3β) and β-catenin, all of which was blocked by treatment with Akt inhibitor LY294002. Additionally, ROC analysis of β-catenin for discriminating patients with CHB from HHCs, which yielded an AUC of 0.71 (cutoff value, 42 pg/mL; 95% CI 0.61-0.81) with 64.93% sensitivity, 73.17% specificity and 69.05% accuracy. ROC analysis of β-catenin for discriminating patients with HCC from chronic HBV infection mainly including CHB and HBLC, which yielded an AUC of 0.75 (cutoff value, 42 pg/mL; 95% CI 0.67-0.83) with 66.43% sensitivity, 75.41% specificity and 70.92% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS HBV infection enhances β-catenin expression by activating Akt/GSK3β signaling. Serum β-catenin levels are correlated with necroinflammation parameters but not with viral load. Serum β-catenin has potential to discriminate the phase of HBV-related disorders, particularly predicts the patients with CHB from HHCs and also predicting HCC form chronic HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Duan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qianfan Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Weixian Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Li C, Wang Z, Chen S, Zhang J, Qu K, Liu C. MicroRNA-552 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by downregulating WIF1. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3309-3317. [PMID: 30221686 PMCID: PMC6202085 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are involved in the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, it was demonstrated that miR-552 was upregulated in HCC tissues. High miR-552 expression was associated with malignant clinicopathological features and decreased survival rates. The in vitro results indicated that miR-552 overexpression promoted migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in Hep3B cells. However, the knockdown of miR-552 inhibited its oncogenic roles in Huh-7 cells. Additionally, Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) was demonstrated to be a direct target of miR-552 in Hep3B and Huh-7 cells. Additional experiments identified that miR-552 promotes β-catenin expression by increasing the phosphorylation of GSK3β at Ser9. In conclusion, the results suggested that miR-552 may promote HCC progression by blocking WIF1-mediated GSK3β dephosphorylation. miR-552 may be a biomarker for predicting the outcomes of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Shuangjiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Ankang People's Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, P.R. China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Kai Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Chen J, Rajasekaran M, Xia H, Kong SN, Deivasigamani A, Sekar K, Gao H, Swa HL, Gunaratne J, Ooi LL, Xie T, Hong W, Hui KM. CDK1-mediated BCL9 phosphorylation inhibits clathrin to promote mitotic Wnt signalling. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201899395. [PMID: 30217955 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled cell division is a hallmark of cancer. Deregulation of Wnt components has been linked to aberrant cell division by multiple mechanisms, including Wnt-mediated stabilisation of proteins signalling, which was notably observed in mitosis. Analysis of Wnt components revealed an unexpected role of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9 (BCL9) in maintaining mitotic Wnt signalling to promote precise cell division and growth of cancer cell. Mitotic interactome analysis revealed a mechanistic role of BCL9 in inhibiting clathrin-mediated degradation of LRP6 signalosome components by interacting with clathrin and the components in Wnt destruction complex; this function was further controlled by CDK1-driven phosphorylation of BCL9 N-terminal, especially T172. Interestingly, T172 phosphorylation was correlated with cancer patient prognosis and enriched in tumours. Thus, our results revealed a novel role of BCL9 in controlling mitotic Wnt signalling to promote cell division and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes (HIPI), Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China .,Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
| | - Muthukumar Rajasekaran
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Hongping Xia
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Shik Nie Kong
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Amudha Deivasigamani
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Karthik Sekar
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Hengjun Gao
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Hannah Lf Swa
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
| | | | - London Lucien Ooi
- Division of Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes (HIPI), Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanjin Hong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes (HIPI), Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China .,Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
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Duan J, He Y, Fu X, Deng Y, Zheng M, Lu D. CDK7 activated beta-catenin/TCF signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 2018; 370:461-467. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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