1
|
Niemeyer F, Galbusera F, Beukers M, Jonas R, Tao Y, Fusellier M, Tryfonidou MA, Neidlinger‐Wilke C, Kienle A, Wilke H. Automatic grading of intervertebral disc degeneration in lumbar dog spines. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e1326. [PMID: 38633660 PMCID: PMC11022603 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intervertebral disc degeneration is frequent in dogs and can be associated with symptoms and functional impairments. The degree of disc degeneration can be assessed on T2-weighted MRI scans using the Pfirrmann classification scheme, which was developed for the human spine. However, it could also be used to quantify the effectiveness of disc regeneration therapies. We developed and tested a deep learning tool able to automatically score the degree of disc degeneration in dog spines, starting from an existing model designed to process images of human patients. Methods MRI midsagittal scans of 5991 lumbar discs of dog patients were collected and manually evaluated with the Pfirrmann scheme and a modified scheme with transitional grades. A deep learning model was trained to classify the disc images based on the two schemes and tested by comparing its performance with the model processing human images. Results The determination of the Pfirrmann grade showed sensitivities higher than 83% for all degeneration grades, except for grade 5, which is rare in dog spines, and high specificities. In comparison, the correspondent human model had slightly higher sensitivities, on average 90% versus 85% for the canine model. The modified scheme with the fractional grades did not show significant advantages with respect to the original Pfirrmann grades. Conclusions The novel tool was able to accurately and reliably score the severity of disc degeneration in dogs, although with a performance inferior than that of the human model. The tool has potential in the clinical management of disc degeneration in canine patients as well as in longitudinal studies evaluating regenerative therapies in dogs used as animal models of human disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Niemeyer
- Institute for Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma ResearchUniversity Hospital UlmUlmGermany
- SpineServ GmbH & Co. KGUlmGermany
| | - Fabio Galbusera
- Institute for Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma ResearchUniversity Hospital UlmUlmGermany
- SpineServ GmbH & Co. KGUlmGermany
- Head Research Group Spine, Spine CenterSchulthess ClinicZürichSwitzerland
| | - Martijn Beukers
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - René Jonas
- Institute for Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma ResearchUniversity Hospital UlmUlmGermany
| | | | - Marion Fusellier
- Maitre de Conférences Imagerie Médicale, INSERM UMRS1229, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton RMeS Team STEPSchool of Dental SurgeryNantesFrance
| | - Marianna A. Tryfonidou
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Cornelia Neidlinger‐Wilke
- Institute for Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma ResearchUniversity Hospital UlmUlmGermany
- SpineServ GmbH & Co. KGUlmGermany
| | | | - Hans‐Joachim Wilke
- Institute for Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma ResearchUniversity Hospital UlmUlmGermany
- SpineServ GmbH & Co. KGUlmGermany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tolson JK, Menuet RL, Ly GH, Chanes BA, Bryan EA, Kataria S, Kim J, Ahmadzadeh S, Shekoohi S, Kaye AD. Evolving role of VIADISC for chronic low back and discogenic pain: a narrative review. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2024; 29:155-164. [PMID: 38602142 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2024.2339912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic lower back pain is a leading cause of disability and healthcare spending worldwide. Discogenic pain, pain originating from the intervertebral disk, is a common etiology of chronic lower back pain. Currently, accepted treatments for chronic discogenic pain focus only on the management of symptoms, such as pain. There are no approved treatments that stop or reverse degenerating intervertebral discs. Biologic therapies promoting disc regeneration have been developed to expand treatment options. VIADISC™ NP, is a viable disc allograft supplementation that, in a recent trial, demonstrated a significant reduction in pain and increased function in patients suffering from symptomatic degenerative disc disease. AREAS COVERED This manuscript summarizes the epidemiology and etiology of low back pain, the pathophysiology of degenerative disc disease, current treatments, and a need for newer therapies. The rationale behind intradiscal biologics for the treatment of symptomatic degenerative disc disease is also discussed. EXPERT OPINION Characterization of the biology leading to disc degeneration has allowed for the development of intradiscal biologics. They may soon be capable of preventing and reversing disc degeneration. Clinical trials have shown promise, but further research into efficacy and safety is needed before these therapies are widely employed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack K Tolson
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Robert L Menuet
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Gianni H Ly
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Benjamin A Chanes
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Bryan
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Saurabh Kataria
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Julian Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Shahab Ahmadzadeh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Sahar Shekoohi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Alan D Kaye
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neurosciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wilke HJ, Fuchs H, Benz K, Mollenhauer J, Gaissmaier C, Heuer F, Neidlinger-Wilke C. The Injection of Gels Through an Intact Annulus Maintains Biomechanical Performance without Extrusion Risk. Gels 2024; 10:269. [PMID: 38667688 PMCID: PMC11049287 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
For autologous-disc-derived chondrocyte transplantation (ADCT) a transglutaminase crosslinked gelatine gel and an albumin hyaluronic acid gel, crosslinked with bis-thio-polyethylene glycol, were injected through a syringe into a degenerated intervertebral disc, where they solidified in situ. This biomechanical in vitro study with lumbar bovine motion segments evaluated disc height changes, motion characteristics in a quasi-static spine loading simulators, and the potential extrusion risk of these biomaterials in a complex dynamic multi-axial loading set-up with 100,000 loading cycles. After the injection and formation of the gel in the center of the nucleus, the disc height increase was about 0.3 mm. During cyclic testing, a gradual decrease in height could be detected due to viscoelastic effects and fluid loss. No gel extrusion could be observed for all specimens during the entire test procedure. A macroscopic inspection after dissections showed an accumulation of the solidified gel in the center of the nucleus. The results demonstrate that the injection of in situ solidifying gels through the intact annulus allows for the stable maintenance of the injected gel at the target location, with high potential for use as a suitable scaffold to anchor therapeutically applied cells for disc regeneration within the treated nucleus pulposus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Joachim Wilke
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma Research Ulm, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany (C.N.-W.)
| | - Holger Fuchs
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma Research Ulm, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany (C.N.-W.)
| | - Karin Benz
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, The University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (K.B.)
- TETEC Tissue Engineering Technologies AG, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany;
| | - Juergen Mollenhauer
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, The University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (K.B.)
| | | | - Frank Heuer
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma Research Ulm, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany (C.N.-W.)
| | - Cornelia Neidlinger-Wilke
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma Research Ulm, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany (C.N.-W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Santifort KM, Glass EN, Meij BP, Bergknut N, Pumarola M, Gil VA. Anatomic description of the basivertebral nerve and meningeal branch of the spinal nerve in the dog. Ann Anat 2022; 245:152000. [PMID: 36183940 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.152000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The existence of the basivertebral nerve and meningeal branch of the spinal nerve has not been proven in dogs to date. The objectives of this study are to 1) determine whether dogs have a meningeal branch of the spinal nerve (MBSN) and a basivertebral nerve (BVN) and to (2) describe anatomical characteristics of these two nerves. Authors also put forward a discussion on the possible clinical relevance of these findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS Dissections were performed on six embalmed dogs at the Veterinary Faculty of Barcelona with the use of stereomicroscopy and microsurgery equipment. RESULTS The MBSN (grossly) and BVN (grossly and histologically) were identified in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar region in all dog specimens. In addition, other small fibers (suspected nerves) entering the vertebral body through small foramina close to the end plates were identified. Histological examination of the tissues confirmed the presence of nerve fibers (myelinated and unmyelinated) in suspected BVN samples. Results of the present study indicated that dogs have BVNs. Also, suspected nerve fibers were identified among the epidural fat, running from the intervertebral foramina, that likely represent the MBSN. CONCLUSION These findings open up the discussion on extrapolation of treatment options employed in human medicine for "low back pain", such as BVN ablation, which is discussed in this article. Further anatomic and clinical studies of the innervation for the vertebral body, periosteum, vasculature, dorsal longitudinal ligament and anulus fibrosus are necessary to elucidate possible anatomical variants and breed differences as well as potential clinical (e.g., therapeutic) relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Santifort
- Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Arnhem, Meander 10, 6825 MB Arnhem, the Netherlands; Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Hart van Brabant, Eerste Zeine 112, 5144 AM Arnhem, the Netherlands.
| | - E N Glass
- Red Bank Veterinary Hospital, Section of Neurology and Neurosurgery, 197 Hance Ave, Tinton Falls, NJ 07724
| | - B P Meij
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - N Bergknut
- Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Arnhem, Meander 10, 6825 MB Arnhem, the Netherlands; Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Hart van Brabant, Eerste Zeine 112, 5144 AM Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | - M Pumarola
- Unit of Compared and Murine Pathology, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus UAB, Travessera dels turons s/n, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - V Aige Gil
- Department of Sanitat i Anatomía Animal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Campus UAB, Travessera dels turons s/n, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dias IE, Viegas CA, Requicha JF, Saavedra MJ, Azevedo JM, Carvalho PP, Dias IR. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Studies in the Goat Model for Biomedical Research—A Review of the Scientific Literature. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091276. [PMID: 36138755 PMCID: PMC9495984 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary This review article aims to compile the works published in the scientific literature, over the last two decades, that use the goat as an animal model in preclinical studies using stem cells, alone or associated with biomaterials, for the treatment of injury or disease in divers organ systems. These preclinical studies are performed prior to human clinical trials for the implementation of new medical or surgical therapies in clinical practice. Thus, it appears that, in the area of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, the caprine model is particularly used in studies using stem cells in the musculoskeletal system but, although in a more limited way, also in the field of dermatology, ophthalmology, dentistry, pneumology, cardiology, and urology. It appears that the goat represents a particularly useful animal model for studies related to the locomotor system because of its size, and also because they have a more active behavior than sheep, being more similar to the human species in this aspect. Additionally, the goat knee anatomy and the thickness of the cartilage that covers this joint are closer to that of humans than that of other large animal models commonly used in orthopedic research. Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, defined by their ability to self-renew, while maintaining the capacity to differentiate into different cellular lineages, presumably from their own germinal layer. MSCs therapy is based on its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and regenerative potential. Firstly, they can differentiate into the target cell type, allowing them to regenerate the damaged area. Secondly, they have a great immunomodulatory capacity through paracrine effects (by secreting several cytokines and growth factors to adjacent cells) and by cell-to-cell contact, leading to vascularization, cellular proliferation in wounded tissues, and reducing inflammation. Currently, MSCs are being widely investigated for numerous tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Appropriate animal models are crucial for the development and evaluation of regenerative medicine-based treatments and eventual treatments for debilitating diseases with the hope of application in upcoming human clinical trials. Here, we summarize the latest research focused on studying the biological and therapeutic potential of MSCs in the goat model, namely in the fields of orthopedics, dermatology, ophthalmology, dentistry, pneumology, cardiology, and urology fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês E. Dias
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos A. Viegas
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CECAV—Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- AL4AnimalS—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João F. Requicha
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CECAV—Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- AL4AnimalS—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Saavedra
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jorge M. Azevedo
- CECAV—Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- AL4AnimalS—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Animal Science, ECAV, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pedro P. Carvalho
- CIVG—Vasco da Gama Research Center, University School Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Av. José R. Sousa Fernandes, Campus Universitário, Lordemão, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
- Vetherapy—Research and Development in Biotechnology, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel R. Dias
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CECAV—Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- AL4AnimalS—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Distinctive roles of tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 and type 2 in a mouse disc degeneration model. J Orthop Translat 2021; 31:62-72. [PMID: 34934623 PMCID: PMC8648970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression is correlated with the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Progranulin binding to tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) and its derivative Atsttrin are effective for treating inflammatory arthritis. We hypothesize that Atsttrin has a protective effect in IVDD through different roles of TNFR receptor type 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR receptor type 2 (TNFR2) in degenerated discs. Methods IVDD models were established in TNFR1−/−, TNFR2−/− mice and their control littermates. Nucleus Pulpous (NP) samples from human patients and IVDD murine models were evaluated by X-ray, micro-MRI, μCT, histological staining and immunofluorescence staining. NP cells isolated from wild-type (WT), TNFR1−/− and TNFR2−/− mice were treated with TNF-α or Atsttrin and then assayed by Western blotting, qRT–PCR, and ELISA. Results TNFR1 and TNFR2 expression was significantly elevated in the disc tissues of both human patients and IVDD murine models. TNFR1 knockout contributed to reduced disc degeneration. In contrast, TNFR2 knockout was associated with enhanced IVDD severity, including degraded cellular composition, increased cell apoptosis and elevated vertebral destruction. Atsttrin protected against IVDD in WT and TNFR1−/− mouse models but had no effect in TNFR2−/− IVDD models. Additionally, in vitro NP cell-based assays demonstrated that TNF-α-stimulated catabolism and Atsttrin-activated anabolism depended on TNFR1 and TNFR2, respectively. Conclusion TNFR1 is associated with the degenerative progression of IVDD, while TNFR2 contributes to the protective effect on the discs. Atsttrin protects against IVDD at least partially by inhibiting the TNFα/TNFR1 inflammatory/catabolic pathway and activating the TNFR2 protective/anabolic pathway. The translational potential of this article This study demonstrates that TNFR1 and TNFR2 have disparate roles in disc degeneration and hlights the potential use of Atsttrin as a therapeutic agent against IVDD in mice.
Collapse
|
7
|
Malli SE, Kumbhkarn P, Dewle A, Srivastava A. Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Approaches for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration in Relevant Animal Models. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:7721-7737. [PMID: 35006757 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Translation of tissue engineering strategies for the regeneration of intervertebral disc (IVD) requires a strong understanding of pathophysiology through the relevant animal model. There is no relevant animal model due to differences in disc anatomy, cellular composition, extracellular matrix components, disc physiology, and mechanical strength from humans. However, available animal models if used correctly could provide clinically relevant information for the translation into humans. In this review, we have investigated different types of strategies for the development of clinically relevant animal models to study biomaterials, cells, biomolecular or their combination in developing tissue engineering-based treatment strategies. Tissue engineering strategies that utilize various animal models for IVD regeneration are summarized and outcomes have been discussed. The understanding of animal models for the validation of regenerative approaches is employed to understand and treat the pathophysiology of degenerative disc disease (DDD) before proceeding for human trials. These animal models play an important role in building a therapeutic regime for IVD tissue regeneration, which can serve as a platform for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sweety Evangeli Malli
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-Ahmedabad), Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Pranav Kumbhkarn
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-Ahmedabad), Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Ankush Dewle
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-Ahmedabad), Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Akshay Srivastava
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-Ahmedabad), Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang QC, Zou YP, Hu SQ, Zhang TW, Zhou H, Liang B, Zhuang CY, Wang HR, Jiang LB, Li XL. TNF-α-stimulated nucleus pulposus cells induce cell apoptosis through the release of exosomal miR-16 targeting IGF-1 and IGF-1R in rats. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1376. [PMID: 34733928 PMCID: PMC8506555 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Exosomes may contain excess cellular components released by cells in response to harmful external stimuli to maintain cellular homeostasis. Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), can induce cell apoptosis, alter cellular component expression levels, and stimulate exosome release. In this study, we examined whether exosomes released from nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) under inflammatory conditions could induce normal NP cell apoptosis in rats and its underlining mechanism. Methods Exosomes were isolated from TNF-α‐treated NPCs and used to treat normal NPCs. The effects were assessed by flow cytometry and western blot analysis. Anti-apoptotic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) expression in NPCs was assessed by western blot analysis. Given the exosomal miRNAs might be the key factors of exosomes, bioinformatics approaches and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to identify IGF-1-regulating micro RNAs (miRNAs), including miR-16. Luciferase reporter assay assessed miR-16 regulation of IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R). NPCs were transfected with miR-16 mimic, and exosomes were applied to normal NPCs. NPCs were pretreated with 10 ng/mL TNF-α, transfected with miR-16 inhibitors, and the exosomes were isolated. Cell and exosome miR-16 levels were detected by qRT-PCR. Western blot analysis determined IGF-1, IGF-1R, and apoptotic marker levels in exosome-treated NPCs. Results Exosomes from TNF-α-treated NPCs induced apoptosis in normal NPCs and repressed IGF-1 expression. Exosomal miR-16 regulated IGF-1 and induced NPC apoptosis. The dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-16 binds the 3' untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of IGF-1 and IGF-1R. Exosomal miR-16 repressed IGF-1 and the IGF-1R/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway which therefore induced NPC apoptosis. Rescue experiments using miR-16 inhibitors further validated these findings. Conclusions The inflammatory factor TNF-α stimulated exosome release from NPCs, which induced the apoptosis of normal NPCs through the actions of exosomal miR-16. Exosomal miR-16 directly repressed the anti-apoptotic IGF-1/IGF-1R pathway, increasing the apoptosis of NPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Chen Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Pei Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun-Qi Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tai-Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen, China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhuang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ren Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Bo Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Lei Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Niu S, Zhai X, Chen Y, Yang H, Yang C, Li M. Optimal indicators for identification of compensatory sagittal balance in patients with degenerative disc disease. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:211. [PMID: 33612102 PMCID: PMC7898748 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Study design A retrospective study. Background To determine whether radiological parameters such as maximal lumbar lordosis-maximal thoracic kyphosis (maxLL-maxTK), sacral slope-pelvic tilt(SS-PT) and sacral slope/pelvic tilt (SS/PT) could be used as indicators for the diagnosis of degenerative disc disease (DDD) in compensatory sagittal balanced patients. Methods Medical records of sagittal balanced DDD patients and asymptomatic adults within our hospital registry from July 2019 to November 2019 were reviewed. General characteristics and radiological parameters were evaluated between the two groups. Analysis of covariance with age as a covariate was conducted, followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and areas under the curve (AUC) calculation. The max Youden index was calculated to identify the optimal sensitivity specificity pairs. Results A total of 42 DDD patients and 199 asymptomatic adults were included. For those parameters that showed significant differences between the two groups, AUC for SS/PT and SS-PT were the largest, reaching 0.919 and 0.936, respectively. The sensitivity was 0.749, the specificity was 0.952 and the max Youden index was 0.701 when SS/PT = 1.635 was used as threshold. The max Youden index was found for a threshold of SS-PT =8.500, for which the sensitivity increased to 0.854, while the specificity decreased to 0.857. Conclusions Both SS/PT and SS-PT were significantly different between sagittal balanced DDD patients and asymptomatic adults. SS/PT < 1.6 and SS-PT < 8.5 could be used as indicators for the diagnosis of DDD patients with compensatory sagittal balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo Niu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Zhai
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changwei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|