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He D, Su CL, Xue T, Wang JH, Chen K, Zhao NJ, Hu SQ, Hua R, Xu T, Yan XL. [Serum glycocalyx markers in patients after cardiac arrest: association with outcomes]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:63-68. [PMID: 38178770 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230829-00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the levels of serum glycocalyx markers in the first 24 hours after cardiac arrest (CA) and investigate their relationship with 30-day outcomes. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on prospectively collected data from CA patients, who were admitted to the intensive care units of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and obtained return of spontaneous circulation for more than 24 hours between September 2021 and October 2022. Serum samples obtained at the 24-hour after CA were utilized to measure the levels of glycocalyx markers, including heparan sulfate (HS), hyaluronic acid (HA), and syndecan-1 (Sdc-1). Patients were allocated into good function (CPC1-2) and poor function (CPC3-5) groups on the basis of cerebral performance category (CPC) at 30 days post-CA. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between serum glycocalyx markers and neurological outcomes. Patients were regrouped in light of 30-d mortality and Cox regression analysis was used to determine the association between serum glycocalyx markers and 30-d mortality. Results: A total of 71 patients were included in the study, including 31 (43.7%) females and 40 (56.3%) males, with an average age of (59.0±17.0) years. The poor function group (n=49) demonstrated significantly elevated levels of HS and HA when compared to the good function group (n=22) [HS: 2 461.0(1 623.0, 5 492.0) μg/L vs 1 492.0 (914.0, 2 550.0) μg/L, P=0.008; HA: 124.0(97.0, 365.0)μg/L vs 337.0(135.0, 1 421.0) μg/L, P=0.033]. Adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that HS was independently associated with poor neurological outcome [odds ratio (OR)=0.389, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.182-0.828, P=0.014]. In the 30-day mortality analysis, the death group (n=32) exhibited significantly higher levels of HS and HA when compared to the survival group (n=39) [HS: 1 880.0(1 011.0, 3 554.0) μg/L vs 2 500.0(1 726.0, 6 276.0) μg/L, P=0.027; HA: 162.0(99.0, 537.0) μg/L vs 813.0(148.0, 1 531.0) μg/L, P=0.025]. Adjusted Cox regression analysis indicated that elevated levels of HS and HA were independent risk factors (HS: HR=1.697, 95%CI: 1.126-2.557, P=0.011; HA: HR=1.336, 95%CI: 1.047-1.705, P=0.020) for 30-day mortality. Conclusions: High level of serum HS in 24 hours after CA may serve as a potential predictive marker for both neurological function and 30-day mortality. However, high level of serum HA appears to primarily predict 30-day mortality. Sdc-1 does not seem to contribute to outcome prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- D He
- Emergency Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - C L Su
- Emergency Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - T Xue
- Emergency Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - J H Wang
- Emergency Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - K Chen
- Emergency Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - N J Zhao
- Emergency Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - S Q Hu
- Emergency Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - R Hua
- Emergency Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - T Xu
- Emergency Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - X L Yan
- Emergency Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
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Jiang YQ, Wang LY, Hu SQ, Li XL, Zhou J, Qi Q, Dong J. Is it safe for the spinal metastasis patients with preoperative deep vein thrombosis to use low-molecular-weight heparin before surgery? A prospective study. J Clin Neurosci 2023; 114:32-37. [PMID: 37290140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spine surgeons should weigh the risks of anticoagulants against their benefits in preventing deep venous thrombosis (DVT), as they may increase the risk of bleeding. Spinal metastasis patients undergoing decompression with fixation are at a high risk for DVT, which may occur preoperatively. Therefore, anticoagulants should be administered preoperatively. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of the administration of anticoagulants in treating spinal metastasis patients with preoperative DVT. Therefore, we prospectively investigated the prevalence of DVT in these patients. Patients who were diagnosed with preoperative DVT were included in an anticoagulant group. Subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) was administered. Patients without DVT were included in a non-anticoagulant group. Data on patient information, clinical parameters, blood test results, and bleeding complications were also collected. Moreover, the safety of anticoagulants was analyzed. The prevalence of preoperative DVT was 8.0%. None of the patients developed pulmonary thromboembolism. Furthermore, no significant differences in blood loss, drainage volume, hemoglobin levels, number of transfusions, or preoperative trans-catheter arterial embolization were observed between the two groups. None of the patients developed major bleeding. However, two patients experienced wound hematoma and one experienced incisional bleeding in the non-anticoagulant group. Therefore, LMWH is safe for spinal metastasis patients. Future randomized controlled trials should be conducted to evaluate the validity of perioperative prophylactic anticoagulation therapy in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qi Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Ling-Yan Wang
- Clinical Science Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Shun-Qi Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Xi-Lei Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Qing Qi
- Department of Ultrasonography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, PR China.
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, PR China.
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Chen ZY, Hu SQ, Liu DW, Zhang HY, Guo GH, Mao YG. [Research advances on severe burn infection and cytokine storm]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2023; 39:391-395. [PMID: 37805745 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20220412-00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Mortality due to severe burns has always been at a high level. A large number of studies have shown that the rapid onset of infectious symptoms and rapid progression of severely burned patients are closely related to the occurrence of cytokine storm. However, in clinical practice, cytokine storm monitoring, early warning, and symptomatic treatment are still in exploratory stage. This article reviews the cytokine storm and its related cytokines, the mechanism, early warning, and treatment of cytokine storm induced by burn infection, aiming to provide clinical references for reducing infection and mortality in severely burned patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Chen
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - S Q Hu
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - D W Liu
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - H Y Zhang
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - G H Guo
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Y G Mao
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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Ni J, Jiang JJ, Wang CY, Wen W, Tang JK, Chen C, You Y, Hu SQ, Zhang XW, Wang MW. [Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and coronary heart disease]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2022; 50:835-839. [PMID: 35982021 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220412-00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - J J Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - C Y Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - W Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - J K Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - C Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Y You
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - S Q Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - X W Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - M W Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou 310015, China
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Zhang Q, Xia CW, Hu SQ, Wang Y, Pu YM, Wang YX. [Application of near infrared fluorescence imaging in detection of residual cancer in oral squamous cell carcinoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2022; 44:450-454. [PMID: 35615804 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200619-00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Local recurrence is the main cause of treatment failure in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study was proposed to investigate the feasibility of near infrared fluorescence (NIF) via indocyanine green (ICG) for monitoring surgical marginal in operation for OSCC patients. Methods: In 35 patients with OSCC treated surgically in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing University School of Medicine, from January 2019 to June 2020, ICG (0.75 mg/kg) was administered intravenously via elbow vein at (12±1) hours before surgery, and NIF was performed intraoperatively on the surgical field and the cut edge of the surgically excised specimen, and fluorescence intensity was measured for OSCC tissue and normal oral mucosa, abnormal fluorescence signals were taken and subjected to rapid cryopathological examination. Correlation between NIF tumor boundary grading and pathological tumor boundary grading was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results: Clear ICG NIF was obtained for tumor lesions in all 35 patients, with a positive rate of 100%. The fluorescence intensity of OSCC tissue was (412.73±146.56) au, which was higher than that of normal oral mucosa tissue [(279.38±82.56) au, P<0.01]. Abnormal fluorescence signals were detected at the tumor bed and the cut edge of the surgical resection specimen in 4 patients, of which 2 cases were pathologically confirmed as cancer cell residue and 2 cases as inflammatory cell infiltration. The rate of positive detection of cut margins using ICG NIF technique in OSCC was 5.7% (2/35). Twenty of the 35 OSCC patients had grade 1, 11 of grade 2, and 4 of grade 3 tumor borders revealed by NIF of surgical resection specimens, which was positively correlated with pathological tumor border (r=0.809, P<0.001). Conclusions: ICG NIF technique can effectively detect the residual cancer cells at the incision margin, which is of great clinical value in reducing local recurrence of OSCC after surgery due to intraoperative cancer residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - C W Xia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - S Q Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Y M Pu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Y X Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
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Zhang QC, Zou YP, Hu SQ, Zhang TW, Zhou H, Liang B, Zhuang CY, Wang HR, Jiang LB, Li XL. TNF-α-stimulated nucleus pulposus cells induce cell apoptosis through the release of exosomal miR-16 targeting IGF-1 and IGF-1R in rats. Ann Transl Med 2021; 9:1376. [PMID: 34733928 PMCID: PMC8506555 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Exosomes may contain excess cellular components released by cells in response to harmful external stimuli to maintain cellular homeostasis. Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), can induce cell apoptosis, alter cellular component expression levels, and stimulate exosome release. In this study, we examined whether exosomes released from nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) under inflammatory conditions could induce normal NP cell apoptosis in rats and its underlining mechanism. Methods Exosomes were isolated from TNF-α‐treated NPCs and used to treat normal NPCs. The effects were assessed by flow cytometry and western blot analysis. Anti-apoptotic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) expression in NPCs was assessed by western blot analysis. Given the exosomal miRNAs might be the key factors of exosomes, bioinformatics approaches and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to identify IGF-1-regulating micro RNAs (miRNAs), including miR-16. Luciferase reporter assay assessed miR-16 regulation of IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R). NPCs were transfected with miR-16 mimic, and exosomes were applied to normal NPCs. NPCs were pretreated with 10 ng/mL TNF-α, transfected with miR-16 inhibitors, and the exosomes were isolated. Cell and exosome miR-16 levels were detected by qRT-PCR. Western blot analysis determined IGF-1, IGF-1R, and apoptotic marker levels in exosome-treated NPCs. Results Exosomes from TNF-α-treated NPCs induced apoptosis in normal NPCs and repressed IGF-1 expression. Exosomal miR-16 regulated IGF-1 and induced NPC apoptosis. The dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-16 binds the 3' untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of IGF-1 and IGF-1R. Exosomal miR-16 repressed IGF-1 and the IGF-1R/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway which therefore induced NPC apoptosis. Rescue experiments using miR-16 inhibitors further validated these findings. Conclusions The inflammatory factor TNF-α stimulated exosome release from NPCs, which induced the apoptosis of normal NPCs through the actions of exosomal miR-16. Exosomal miR-16 directly repressed the anti-apoptotic IGF-1/IGF-1R pathway, increasing the apoptosis of NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Chen Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Pei Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun-Qi Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tai-Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen, China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhuang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ren Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Bo Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Lei Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang QC, Hu SQ, Hu AN, Zhang TW, Jiang LB, Li XL. Autophagy-activated nucleus pulposus cells deliver exosomal miR-27a to prevent extracellular matrix degradation by targeting MMP-13. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:1921-1932. [PMID: 33038032 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although autophagy may be beneficial for maintaining the metabolic balance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the nucleus pulposus (NP) and its vitality under inflammation, the underlying mechanism still remains unclear. A previous study found that autophagy activation stimulated the release of exosomes in normal chondrocytes, which are located in a similar avascular environment and share many common features with those of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). This study explored the protective effect on matrix degradation in the NP by exosomes derived from autophagy-activated NPCs and exosomal microRNAs. NPCs-derived exosomes (NPCs-Exos) were isolated from culture medium of either normal NPCs or rapamycin-treated NPCs and quantified by nanoparticle tracking analysis. The effect of rapamycin-treated NPC-derived exosomes on NPCs were assessed by coculture with interleukin 1β (IL-1β)-stimulated NPCs. After examination of six major proteinases of the ECM, matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) was chosen for further study. miR-27a, which targets MMP-13, was investigated through previous studies and bioinformatics tool. The levels of miR-27a were upregulated in both rapamycin-treated NPCs and their exosomes, compared to the control. When exosomal miR-27a was transferred into NPCs, it alleviated IL-1β-induced degradation of the NPC ECM by targeting MMP-13. Autophagy activation may promote the release of NPCs-derived exosomes and thereby prevent the NPC matrix from degradation. Autophagy activation also alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), at least partly via exosomal miR-27a, which restrains MMP-13 expression under IL-1β stimulation. Our work elucidates a new mechanism for how autophagy may participate in preventing IDD, which may be a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Chen Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun-Qi Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - An-Nan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tai-Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Bo Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Lei Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Hu SQ, Hu WJ, Yang S, Zhu XH, Sun K, Jiang SS, Qiu YX, Li XD. [Investigation on noise exposure level and health status of workers in transportation equipment manufacturing industry]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2021; 39:498-502. [PMID: 34365758 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200513-00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the noise exposure level and the health status of workers in transportation equipment manufacturing industry, and provide a scientific basis for guidance and implementation of intervention measures. Methods: From January to December in 2019, a total of 2088 noise workers from a large enterprise were selected by cluster sampling method in railway transportation equipment manufacturing, automobile manufacturing and aerospace aircraft manufacturing enterprises. The worker's noise exposure level was detected. Occupational health checkups were performed on the noise workers including electrical audiometry, blood pressure and electrocardiogram. χ(2) test and trend χ(2) test were used to analyze the data. Results: The noise exposure level of 66.9% (1396/2088) workers exceeded 85 dB (A) , and the median noise level was 87.9 (84.3-90.3) dB (A) . Among them, workers of railway transportation equipment manufacturing enterprises had the highest noise exposure level[89.9 (87.8-91.6) dB (A) ]. The detection rate of high-frequency hearing loss, abnormal blood pressure and abnormal electrocardiogram of noise workers were 15.7% (327/2088) , 18.1% (378/2088) and 6.1% (128/2088) , respectively. The differences in the detection rates of high-frequency hearing loss, abnormal blood pressure, and abnormal electrocardiogram in workers of railway transportation equipment manufacturing enterprises, automobile manufacturing enterprises, and aerospace manufacturing enterprises were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Workers of railway transportation equipment manufacturing enterprises had higher detection rates of high-frequency hearing loss (17.6%, 186/1056) . Workers of aerospace manufacturing enterprises had higher detection rates of abnormal blood pressure and abnormal electrocardiogram (26.3%, 169/642; 10.0%, 64/642) . The differences in the detection rates of high-frequency hearing loss, abnormal blood pressure and abnormal electrocardiogram of noise workers were statistically significant in different age and working age groups, and gradually increased with age and working age (P<0.05) . The difference in the detection rate of high-frequency hearing loss of noise workers was statistically significant in different noise intensity groups, and the overall trend was increasing (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The transportation equipment manufacturing industry has serious noise hazards, especially the railway transportation equipment manufacturing industry. Long-term occupational noise exposure can adversely affect workers' hearing and cardiovascular system. Enterprises should strengthen occupational health inspections, and at the same time, take personal protective measures to protect the health of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Hu
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - W J Hu
- National Insitute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - S Yang
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - X H Zhu
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - K Sun
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - S S Jiang
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - Y X Qiu
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - X D Li
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
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Lu CC, Wei RX, Deng DH, Luo ZY, Abdulai M, Liu HH, Kang B, Hu SQ, Li L, Xu HY, Hu JW, Wei SH, Han CC. Effect of different types of sugar on gut physiology and microbiota in overfed goose. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101208. [PMID: 34102480 PMCID: PMC8187246 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
To explored the difference of goose fatty liver formation induced-by different types of sugar from the intestinal physiology and the gut microflora, an integrated analysis of intestinal physiology and gut microbiota metagenomes was performed using samples collected from the geese including the normal-feeding geese and the overfed geese which were overfed with maize flour or overfeeding dietary supplementation with 10% sugar (glucose, fructose or sucrose, respectively), respectively. The results showed that the foie gras weight of the fructose group and the sucrose group was heavier (P < 0.05) than other groups. Compared with the control group, the ileum weight was significantly higher (P < 0.01), and the cecum weight was significantly lower in the sugar treatment groups (P < 0.001). Compared with the control group, the ratio of villi height to crypt depth in the fructose group was the highest in jejunum (P < 0.05); the trypsin activity of the ileum was higher in the fructose group and the sucrose group (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the main intestinal flora of geese; and the abundance of Firmicutes in the jejunum was higher in the sugar treatment groups than that of the maize flour group. At the genus level, the abundance of Lactobacillus in the jejunum was higher (P < 0.05) in the sugar treatment groups than that of the maize flour group. In conclusion, forced-feeding diet supplementation with sugar induced stronger digestion and absorption capacity, increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and the abundance of Lactobacillus (especially fructose and sucrose) in the gut. So, the fructose and sucrose had higher induction on hepatic steatosis in goose fatty liver formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Lu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - R X Wei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - D H Deng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Z Y Luo
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - M Abdulai
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - H H Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - B Kang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - S Q Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - L Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - H Y Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - J W Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - S H Wei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - C C Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
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Hu SQ, Zhang QC, Meng QB, Hu AN, Zou JP, Li XL. Autophagy regulates exosome secretion in rat nucleus pulposus cells via the RhoC/ROCK2 pathway. Exp Cell Res 2020; 395:112239. [PMID: 32828826 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Our present study investigated whether exosome secretion of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) is regulated by autophagy. Different autophagic states of NPCs were induced by rapamycin (Rap), bafilomycin A1 (Baf) and other agents, and it was found that exosomes were secreted in an autophagy-dependent manner. Activation or inhibition of autophagy increased or decreased, respectively, the amount of exosomes that were released into the extracellular space. In addition, in order to confirm that Rap-promoted release of exosomes was mediated by autophagy rather than other pathways, we used autophagy associated gene 5 (ATG5) small-interfering RNA (siRNA) to silence the expression of ATG5 gene, which is indispensable for autophagy. The results showed that siRNA against ATG5 (siATG5) induced an accumulation of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) in NPCs and a concomitant decrease in the amount of exosomes isolated from supernatant. Ras homolog gene (Rho) and Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase (ROCK) family molecules are capable of cytoskeletal remodeling and affecting vesicle transport. Therefore, we carried out targeted interventions and evaluated the effects of the RhoC/ROCK2 pathway on the secretion of exosomes within autophagic environment. Knockdown of RhoC and ROCK2 with corresponding siRNA significantly inhibited the secretion of exosomes originating from ILVs in NPCs, even when NPCs were subsequently treated with Rap. Taken together, our findings suggest that autophagy positively regulates expression levels of RhoC and ROCK2, and that the RhoC/ROCK2 pathway exerts a key function on NPCs-derived exosome secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Qi Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi-Chen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qing-Bing Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - An-Nan Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia-Peng Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xi-Lei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Yang S, Hu SQ, Huang W, Zhu XH, Sun K, Wang X. [Analysis of hearing surveillance of noise-exposed workers in Zhuzhou city]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2020; 38:227-231. [PMID: 32306702 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20190411-00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the hearing loss status of workers exposed to noise, and provide a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control strategies. Methods: From Januaryl to October 31 , 2018, through the occupational hazard declaration and record management system of the workplace and the health checkup system , the basic information and physical examination information of 7806 noise-exposed workers in 136 companies in Zhuzhou City in 2018 and the related information about the industry, type, and scale of the enterprises were collected. The χ(2) test was used to analyze the occupational health monitoring data of the noise-exposed workers. Results: The average age of 7806 workers in Zhuzhou was(36. 1±9. 3) years, and the working age was 7. 0(3. 0, 11. 0) years. And 1 270 workers with noise induced hearing loss(NIHL) were detected, including 51 suspected occupational noise deafness. The detection rates of NIHL and the suspected occupational noise deafness were 16. 27% , 0. 65% , respectively. The detection rate of noise was 0.01% in 1deaf person. It showed that the male had higher morbidity than the female (P<0. 05) and the workers with longer exposure time had a higher morbidity (P<0. 05) . There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of NIHL and suspected occupational noise deafness between workers of different types of work (P<0. 05 ) . It was noted that the morbidity varied in different enterprises, industry types and terms of scales (P<0. 05 ) . Non- metal ore mining and dressing industry workers had higher NIHL detection rate (33. 33%, 14/42) and small companies workers had higher NIHL detection rate(19. 32%, 296/1532) . There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of suspected occupational noise deafness between workers of different economic types of enterprises. There was a high detection rate of suspected occupational noise deafness among workers in private enterprises(1. 29%, 36/2782) . Conclusion: The noise operation in Zhuzhou is seriously endangered.Occupational health protection measures for non-metallic mining and dressing industries, small and private enterprises should be strengthened.Occupational health law enforcement efforts should be strengthened to protect workers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yang
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - S Q Hu
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - W Huang
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - X H Zhu
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - K Sun
- Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
| | - X Wang
- National Insitute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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Liu XJ, Wang BY, Ren YC, Zhao Y, Liu DC, Zhang DD, Chen X, Liu LL, Cheng C, Liu FY, Zhou QG, Chen GZ, Hong SH, Liu D, Hu SQ, Zhang M, Hu DS. [A cohort study on body mass index and risk of all-cause mortality among hypertensive population]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39:914-919. [PMID: 30060304 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality in hypertensive population. Methods: All participants were selected from a prospective cohort study based on a rural population from Henan province, China. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the associations of different levels of BMI stratification with all-cause mortality. Restricted cubic spline models were used to detect the dose-response relation. Results: Among the 5 461 hypertensive patients, a total of 31 048.38 person-years follow-up was conducted. The median of follow-up time was 6 years, and 589 deaths occurred during the follow-up period. Compared to normal weight group (18.5 kg/m(2)<BMI<24.0 kg/m(2)) the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality associated with BMI levels (<18.5 kg/m(2), 24-28 kg/m(2), and ≥28 kg/m(2)) were 0.83 (95%CI: 0.37-1.87), 0.81 (95%CI: 0.67-0.97), and 0.72 (95%CI: 0.56-0.91), respectively. The dose-response analysis showed a nonlinear, reverse "S" shaped relationship (non-linearity P<0.001). Conclusion: Overweight or obese might have a protective effect on all-cause mortality in hypertensive population, which supports the "obesity paradox" phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - B Y Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Y C Ren
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - D C Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - D D Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - L L Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - C Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - F Y Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Q G Zhou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - G Z Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - S H Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - D Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - S Q Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - D S Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Hu SQ, Zhang Q, Zhu XH, Sun K, Chen SZ, Liu AG, Luo GL, Huang W. [A preliminary evaluation of mental status and an investigation of occupational health knowledge demand in operating and maintenance personnel in wind power plants]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 34:787-789. [PMID: 28043259 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the mental status, level of occupational health knowledge, health behaviors, and occupational health knowledge demand in operating and maintenance personnel in wind power plants, and to provide a basis for formulating protective measures of occupational health for operating and maintenance personnel in wind power plants. Methods: A cluster sampling was performed in regionally representative wind power plants in the wind power industry from May 2014 to June 2015, and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and a self-made evaluation questionnaire were used to investigate the general status, mental health, and occupational health knowledge demand in 160 operating and maintenance workers. Results: Of all respondents, 26.9% had mental health issues. The awareness rate of infectious disease knowledge and preventive measures was 11.9%. Of all workers, 96.5% wanted to know the occupational hazard factors in the workplace, and 96.3% wanted to get the knowledge of the prevention of related diseases. Conclusion: Mental health issues in operating and maintenance personnel in wind power plants cannot be neglected and there is a high demand for occupational health services and related knowledge. Comprehensive intervention measures for health promotion in the workplace should be adopted to improve working environment, enhance individual mental health education, increase the level of occupational health management, and protect the health of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Hu
- Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Center of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412011, China
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14
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Hu SQ, Zadworny D. Effects of nonglycosylated and glycosylated prolactin on basal and gonadotropin-stimulated steroidogenesis in chicken ovarian follicles. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017; 61:27-38. [PMID: 28595109 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In galliformes, the circulating isoform of prolactin (PRL) significantly changes during different reproductive states. However, the role of the major isoform (glycosylated PRL [G-PRL]) in ovarian steroidogenesis is unknown. The present study aimed to compare the effects of nonglycosylated (NG-) and G-PRL on basal and gonadotropin-stimulated estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) production in granulosa cells or follicular walls of chicken of different size class follicles. In the initial experiment, granulosa cells of preovulatory F3-F1 and prehierarchical 6- to 8-mm follicles were incubated for 24 h with different concentrations of NG- or G-PRL (0, 1, 10, 100, or 1,000 ng/mL). In the subsequent experiments, these categorized granulosa cells and follicular walls of prehierarchical 4-6, 2-4, and <2-mm follicles were incubated for 24 h in the absence and presence of 10-ng/mL FSH or LH, or in combination with different concentrations of NG- or G-PRL (10, 100, or 1,000 ng/mL). We observed that lower levels of NG-PRL induced (P < 0.05) E2 and P4 secretion in granulosa cells of either preovulatory or prehierarchical follicles, but at higher levels, this effect was reduced. In contrast, G-PRL promoted (P < 0.05) basal E2 and P4 secretion in preovulatory granulosa cells but was inhibitory (P < 0.05) in prehierarchical granulosa cells. Results obtained by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) demonstrated that these effects were mediated through modulation of the expression of StAR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, and 3β-HSD. Furthermore, G-PRL was less potent than NG-PRL in inhibiting FSH- or LH-stimulated E2 and P4 production in granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles, whereas NG-PRL enhanced (P < 0.05) but G-PRL reduced (P < 0.05) FSH-induced P4 production in those of prehierarchical follicles. In follicular walls from each group of prehierarchical 4-6, 2-4, and <2-mm follicles, NG- and G-PRL had both stimulatory and inhibitory influences on the actions of FSH on E2 and P4 secretion, but both suppressed (P < 0.05) LH-induced E2 and P4 secretion except for the synergistic effects of LH and G-PRL on P4 secretion by follicular walls of the follicles of 4-6 mm. Taken together, these results suggest that both NG- and G-PRL are biologically active in regulating basal and gonadotropin-stimulated E2 and P4 production in chicken ovarian follicles. However, their effects are different depending on the concentration, the type of gonadotropin (FSH or LH), and the stage of follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Hu
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - D Zadworny
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
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15
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Xu HL, Zhang QC, Hu SQ, You YW, Chen J. [The clinical features of patients with allergic rhinitis of Nantong city in China]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 31:30-33. [PMID: 29774681 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To comprehensively analyze the clinical features of patients with AR by a retrospective study. Method:A total number of 8 102 patients diagnosed with AR were enrolled in Nantong area, and detailed clinical data were documented in all cases. Skin prick tests with standardized aeroallergens were conducted in these patients; The samples were divided into two groups(children and adults group) and the clinical features between two groups were analysed. Result:Children in schoolage were the majority of AR patients in children group. There were 4 581 cases(56.54%) with ocular symptoms, 3 977 cases(49.09%)with lower respiratory tract symptoms. Nasal congestion (97.37%) was the most common symptoms in patients with AR,while eye itching(32.68%) was the most common ocular symptoms in patients with AR, followed by the dacryorrhea(23.57%);and cough(44.72%) was the most common lower respiratory tract symptoms. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and dermatophagoides farinae had the highest positivity among all allergens, and the shrimp was the main food allergen. Conclusion:We analyzed the clinical features of patients with AR, that would provide a more scientific basis for prevention,clinical diagnosis, treatment and epidemiological studies for AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Third People's Hospital of Nantong
| | - Q C Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University
| | - S Q Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University
| | - Y W You
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University
| | - J Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University
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16
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Li B, Sahota DS, Lao TT, Xu J, Hu SQ, Zhang L, Liu QY, Sun Q, Tang D, Ma RM. Applicability of first-trimester combined screening for fetal trisomy 21 in a resource-limited setting in mainland China. BJOG 2016; 123 Suppl 3:23-9. [PMID: 27627592 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - DS Sahota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Prince of Wales Hospital; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - TT Lao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Prince of Wales Hospital; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - J Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - SQ Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - QY Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Q Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - D Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - RM Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University; Kunming Yunnan China
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Xiao L, Hu SQ, Wang LY, Liu JX, Li XY. Losartan improves the distribution and efficacy of doxorubicin in CT26 tumor. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19:3763-3769. [PMID: 26502868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents is impaired by limited delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to the tumor cells. Improving drug penetration in tumor tissues is very important. We tested whether losartan, a selective antagonist against type 1 angiotensin II receptors (AT1R) with noted antifibrotic activity, can enhance the penetration and efficacy of doxorubicin. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/C mice, which implanted with CT26 tumor cells, were divided into four groups: control, doxorubicin alone, losartan alone and doxorubicin + losartan combination groups. At day 0, the losartan alone and doxorubicin + losartan combination groups received losartan; and at day 8, the doxorubicin alone and doxorubicin + losartan combination groups received doxorubicin i.v. Tumor growth and intratumoral distribution of doxorubicin were evaluated. The mechanism underlying the enhanced anti-tumor effect of the combination of doxorubicin and losartan was investigated by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS Treatment with losartan alone did not suppress tumor growth; In contrast, treatment with doxorubicin alone decreased tumor growth; losartan and doxorubicin were administered in combination, had a synergistic effect that the tumor growth was much more inhibited. The decreased proliferation as indicated by down-regulation of Ki67, and increased apoptosis as indicated by TUNEL and caspase-3 staining. The expression of tumor suppressor gene P53 increased in doxorubicin + losartan combination groups. CONCLUSIONS Losartan can increase the therapeutic effectiveness of doxorubicin, yielding more great antitumor benefit. This study provided a rationale for initiating clinical trials using losartan in combination with chemotherapeutic agents to increase their therapeutic effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xiao
- Medical Faculty of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
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18
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Du MY, Ma RM, Lao TTH, Chen Z, Xiao H, Tian YQ, Li BL, Liang K, Zhang L, Yang MH, Li J, Li H, Yan R, Geng L, Qi WJ, Li HY, Xu J, Hu SQ, Liang GH, Yu JH. Early third trimester maternal response to glucose challenge and pregnancy outcome in Chinese women-relationship between upper distribution level and recommended diagnostic criteria. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 69:1133-9. [PMID: 25626407 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between upper distribution levels of glucose values in the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and recommended diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. SUBJECTS/METHODS The distribution of the OGTT 2-h values of 13,501 pregnant women, which were below the World Health Organization (WHO) threshold for overt diabetes mellitus (DM), and managed in one teaching hospital in China, was reviewed and related to maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS For the entire group, the 90th and 95th percentile values of the OGTT 2-h glucose level, respectively, were close to the diagnostic cutoff values of the WHO and International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria. For adverse maternal outcomes, glucose level above the 90th percentile value was associated with increased hypertensive disorders, whereas no difference was seen with cutoff using the 95th percentile value. For perinatal outcomes, the 90th percentile was associated with increased neonatal intensive care unit admission and hypoglycemia, whereas the 95th percentile showed in addition association with phototherapy for jaundice and 5th-minute Apgar score <7. Although no differences in the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes were found using the different cutoffs, the >95th percentile cutoff value would have missed out 33.3-56.7% of the cases of adverse outcomes that would otherwise have been attributed to GDM. CONCLUSIONS Further studies are warranted to clarify which diagnostic criterion is most appropriate universally to identify adverse pregnancy outcomes attributed to GDM, and which could be mitigated with treatment specific for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - R M Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - T T-H Lao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - H Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - Y Q Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - B L Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - K Liang
- From the Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, P.R. China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - M H Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - J Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - H Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - R Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - L Geng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - W J Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - H Y Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - J Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - S Q Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - G H Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
| | - J H Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming City, P.R. China
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Su W, Wei SS, Hu SQ, Tang JX. Preparation of TiO(2)/Ag colloids with ultraviolet resistance and antibacterial property using short chain polyethylene glycol. J Hazard Mater 2009; 172:716-720. [PMID: 19674837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2008] [Revised: 07/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
TiO(2)/Ag nano-antibacterial material was prepared at low temperature using polyethylene glycol (PEG-600) as reducing and stabilizing agent. The size and shape as well as the optical properties of the nano-materials were characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis spectroscopy (UV-vis). The results showed that the average particle size of TiO(2) among these nano-materials was around 50-150 nm, and the average particle size of nano-silver was around 20 nm. Formation of Ag nano-particles on the surface of TiO(2) was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the antibacterial activity was also investigated. By the antibacterial activity study and ultraviolet resistance test, it is noted that growth inhibition rates against E. coli was 99.99% as the concentration of nano-particles dispersion solution was 10 ppm, the minimum UV protective effect could be achieved as the concentration was 290 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Packaging and Application Biological Nanotechnology of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412008, People's Republic of China
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20
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Abstract
A recently identified interleukin (IL)-17-producing T-helper (Th) lymphocyte subset, which comprises Th17 cells producing hallmark cytokines IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22, is involved in chronic inflammatory diseases. Elevated gene and protein expressions of IL-17 are manifested in allergic asthma. We further characterized the activation of Th17 cells in asthmatic patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were purified from 31 asthmatic patients and 20 sex- and age-matched control subjects. The number of IL-17A secreting cells in peripheral blood was enumerated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay. Cell surface expression of Th17-related chemokine receptor CCR6, and plasma level of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22, and ex vivo production of IL-17A and IL-22 were measured by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The number of peripheral Th17 lymphocytes, expression of CCR6 on Th cells, and ex vivo IL-23, anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 induced production of IL-22 by PBMC were significantly elevated in asthmatic patients compared with control subjects (all p < 0.01). This clinical study further confirmed increased number of peripheral Th17 lymphocytes and cell surface expression of CCR6 receptors on Th cells in asthmatic patients. Pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-23 can exacerbate disease severity by activating pathogenic Th17 lymphocytes to release downstream inflammatory cytokine IL-22 in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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21
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Weiss MA, Hua QX, Jia W, Nakagawa SH, Chu YC, Hu SQ, Katsoyannis PG. Activities of monomeric insulin analogs at position A8 are uncorrelated with their thermodynamic stabilities. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:40018-24. [PMID: 11517220 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m104634200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that the potency and thermodynamic stability of human insulin are enhanced in concert by substitution of Thr(A8) by arginine or histidine. These surface substitutions stabilize the N-terminal alpha-helix of the A chain, a key element of hormone-receptor recognition. Does enhanced stability necessarily imply enhanced activity? Here, we test by structure-based mutagenesis the relationship between the stability and activity of the hormone. To circumvent confounding effects of insulin self-association, A chain analogs were combined with a variant B chain (Asp(B10), Lys(B28), and Pro(B29) (DKP)) to create a monomeric template. Five analogs were obtained by chain combination; disulfide pairing proceeded in each case with native yield. CD and (1)H NMR spectra of the DKP analogs are essentially identical to those of DKP-insulin, indicating a correspondence of structures. Receptor binding affinities were determined by competitive displacement of (125)I-insulin from human placental membranes. Thermodynamic stabilities were measured by CD titration; unfolding was monitored as a function of guanidine concentration. In this broader collection of analogs receptor binding affinities are uncorrelated with stability. We suggest that receptor binding affinities of A8 analogs reflect local features of the hormone-receptor interface rather than the stability of the free hormone or the intrinsic C-capping propensity of the A8 side chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Weiss
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4935, USA.
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22
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Hua QX, Nakagawa SH, Jia W, Hu SQ, Chu YC, Katsoyannis PG, Weiss MA. Hierarchical protein folding: asymmetric unfolding of an insulin analogue lacking the A7-B7 interchain disulfide bridge. Biochemistry 2001; 40:12299-311. [PMID: 11591149 DOI: 10.1021/bi011021o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The landscape paradigm of protein folding can enable preferred pathways on a funnel-like energy surface. Hierarchical preferences may be manifest as a nonrandom pathway of disulfide pairing. Stepwise stabilization of structural subdomains among on-pathway intermediates is proposed to underlie the disulfide pathway of proinsulin and related molecules. Here, effects of pairwise serine substitution of insulin's exposed interchain disulfide bridge (Cys(A7)-Cys(B7)) are characterized as a model of a late intermediate. Untethering cystine A7-B7 in an engineered monomer causes significantly more marked decreases in the thermodynamic stability and extent of folding than occur on pairwise substitution of internal cystine A6-A11 [Weiss, M. A., Hua, Q. X., Jia, W., Chu, Y. C., Wang, R. Y., and Katsoyannis, P. G. (2000) Biochemistry 39, 15429-15440]. Although substantially disordered and without significant biological activity, the untethered analogue contains a molten subdomain comprising cystine A20-B19 and a native-like cluster of hydrophobic side chains. Remarkably, A and B chains make unequal contributions to this folded moiety; the B chain retains native-like supersecondary structure, whereas the A chain is largely disordered. These observations suggest that the B subdomain provides a template to guide folding of the A chain. Stepwise organization of insulin-like molecules supports a hierarchic view of protein folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q X Hua
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44016, USA
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23
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Zhou H, Zhao HR, Pei DS, Lu L, Hu SQ. [Expression and purification of murine interleukin 18 in Escherichia coli and its antitumor effects]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2001; 17:548-52. [PMID: 11797219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Total RNA was extracted from murine hepatocytes, and the cDNA of interleukin 18(IL-18) was amplified by RT-PCR. The cDNA was introduced into the expression vector pJW2 and sequenced. Under heat induction, the recombinant murine IL-18(rmIL-18) was expressed in inclusion bodies in E. coli with the yield accounting for 18% of total bacteria proteins. The inclusion bodies were dissolved with 5 mol/L urea, and rmIL-18 was purified using Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. In the presence of 0.5 mg/L Con A, the purified rmIL-18 showed dose-dependent IFN-gamma-inducing activity in murine splenocytes. The purified rmIL-18 exhibited significant antitumor effects in Kunming mice challenged intraperitoneally (i.p.) with H22 hepatocarcinoma when administered 10 micrograms rmIL-18 i.p. on days 1, 4 after challenge, and the mice survived resisted the rechallenged with H22 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhou
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China
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24
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Hua QX, Hu SQ, Jia W, Chu YC, Burke GT, Wang SH, Wang RY, Katsoyannis PG, Weiss MA. Mini-proinsulin and mini-IGF-I: homologous protein sequences encoding non-homologous structures. J Mol Biol 1998; 277:103-18. [PMID: 9514738 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein minimization highlights essential determinants of structure and function. Minimal models of proinsulin and insulin-like growth factor I contain homologous A and B domains as single-chain analogues. Such models (designated mini-proinsulin and mini-IGF-I) have attracted wide interest due to their native foldability but complete absence of biological activity. The crystal structure of mini-proinsulin, determined as a T3R3 hexamer, is similar to that of the native insulin hexamer. Here, we describe the solution structure of a monomeric mini-proinsulin under physiologic conditions and compare this structure to that of the corresponding two-chain analogue. The two proteins each contain substitutions in the B-chain (HisB10-->Asp and ProB28-->Asp) designed to destabilize self-association by electrostatic repulsion; the proteins differ by the presence or absence of a peptide bond between LysB29 and GlyA1. The structures are essentially identical, resembling in each case the T-state crystallographic protomer. Differences are observed near the site of cross-linking: the adjoining A1-A8 alpha-helix (variable among crystal structures) is less well-ordered in mini-proinsulin than in the two-chain variant. The single-chain analogue is not completely inactive: its affinity for the insulin receptor is 1500-fold lower than that of the two-chain analogue. Moreover, at saturating concentrations mini-proinsulin retains the ability to stimulate lipogenesis in adipocytes (native biological potency). These results suggest that a change in the conformation of insulin, as tethered by the B29-A1 peptide bond, optimizes affinity but is not integral to the mechanism of transmembrane signaling. Surprisingly, the tertiary structure of mini-proinsulin differs from that of mini-IGF-I (main-chain rms deviation 4.5 A) despite strict conservation of non-polar residues in their respective hydrophobic cores (side-chain rms deviation 4.9 A). Three-dimensional profile scores suggest that the two structures each provide acceptable templates for threading of insulin-like sequences. Mini-proinsulin and mini-IGF-I thus provide examples of homologous protein sequences encoding non-homologous structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q X Hua
- Center for Molecular Oncology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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25
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Hua QX, Hu SQ, Frank BH, Jia W, Chu YC, Wang SH, Burke GT, Katsoyannis PG, Weiss MA. Mapping the functional surface of insulin by design: structure and function of a novel A-chain analogue. J Mol Biol 1996; 264:390-403. [PMID: 8951384 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Functional surfaces of a protein are often mapped by combination of X-ray crystallography and mutagenesis. Such studies of insulin have yielded paradoxical results, suggesting that the native state is inactive and reorganizes on receptor binding. Of particular interest is the N-terminal alpha-helix of the A-chain. Does this segment function as an alpha-helix or reorganize as recently proposed in a prohormone-convertase complex? To correlate structure and function, we describe a mapping strategy based on protein design. The solution structure of an engineered monomer ([AspB10, LysB28, ProB29]-human insulin) is determined at neutral pH as a template for synthesis of a novel A-chain analogue. Designed by analogy to a protein-folding intermediate, the analogue lacks the A6-A11 disulphide bridge; the cysteine residues are replaced by serine. Its solution structure is remarkable for segmental unfolding of the N-terminal A-chain alpha-helix (A1 to A8) in an otherwise native subdomain. The structure demonstrates that the overall orientation of the A and B chains is consistent with reorganization of the A-chain's N-terminal segment. Nevertheless, the analogue's low biological activity suggests that this segment, a site of clinical mutation causing diabetes mellitus, functions as a preformed recognition alpha-helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q X Hua
- Center for Molecular Oncology, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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26
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Crandell DA, Anferov VA, Blinov BB, Caussyn DD, Derbenev YS, Hu SQ, Koutin SV, Krisch AD, Liu TJ, Phelps RA, Ratner LG, Wong VK, Chu CM, Lee SY, Rinckel T, Schwandt P, Sperisen F, Stephenson EJ, Berglund M. Spin Flipping through an Intrinsic Depolarizing Resonance by Strengthening It. Phys Rev Lett 1996; 77:1763-1765. [PMID: 10063165 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.1763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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27
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Alexeeva LV, Anferov VA, Crandell DA, Hu SQ, Krisch AD, Phelps RA, Ratner LG, Varzar SM, Wong VK, Lee SY, Rinckel T, Schwandt P, Sperisen F, Stephenson EJ, Baiod R, Martin PS, Russell AD, Sato H, Minty MG. Crossing intrinsic depolarizing resonances by varying a partial Siberian snake. Phys Rev Lett 1996; 76:2714-2717. [PMID: 10060770 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.2714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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28
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Ohmori C, Sato H, Alexeeva LV, Anferov VA, Caussyn DD, Chu CM, Crandell DA, Gladycheva SE, Hu SQ, Krisch AD, Phelps RA, Varzar SM, Wong VK, Lee SY, Rinckel T, Schwandt P, Sperisen F, Stephenson EJ, Baiod R, Russell AD. Observation of a Second-Order Spin-Depolarizing Resonance. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 75:1931-1933. [PMID: 10059165 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.1931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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29
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Chu YC, Hu SQ, Zong L, Burke GT, Gammeltoft S, Chan SJ, Steiner DF, Katsoyannis PG. Insulin-like compounds related to the amphioxus insulin-like peptide. Biochemistry 1994; 33:11278-85. [PMID: 7727378 DOI: 10.1021/bi00203a025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Three insulin-like compounds consisting of two disulfide-linked polypeptide chains have been synthesized. The A-chains of these compounds correspond either to the A- or to the A + D-domain of the putative amphioxus insulin-like peptide (amphioxus ILP), and their B-chains correspond either to the B-chain of insulin or to a slightly modified (i.e., [1-Thr]) B-domain of amphioxus ILP. The biological potency of these compounds was evaluated in mammalian cells or cell fractions containing either human or rat insulin receptors or human or mouse insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptors, with respect to binding affinity, insulin-like metabolic activity (lipogenesis), and growth factor activity (mitogenesis). Amphioxus ILP A/bovine insulin B and amphioxus ILP A + D/bovine insulin B exhibited potencies ranging from 2.0 to 9.8% relative to natural insulin, and both compounds were full agonists in lipogenesis assays, stimulating lipogenesis to the same maximal extent as seen with natural insulin. Amphioxus ILP A/amphioxus ILP [1-Thr]B stimulated lipogenesis with a potency of 0.01% relative to natural insulin. We consider this compound also likely to be a full agonist. In assays measuring binding to IGF-I receptors and stimulation of mitogenesis, these compounds displayed some activity although the activity was too low for exact quantification. These results suggest that amphioxus ILP has retained an overall structural similarity to mammalian insulin and IGF-I but has also accumulated substantial mutations which markedly reduce its ability to bind and activate their cognate receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York, New York 10029, USA
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30
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Zhao HR, Hu SQ, Ren XH. [Changes in water-soluble, urea-soluble and membrane intrinsic proteins in human senile cataract]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1994; 30:186-8. [PMID: 7842996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Gel filtration of water-soluble protein shows a substantial increase in HM+ alpha-crystallin and a marked decrease in beta- and gamma-crystallins in cortical cataract. A decrease in beta 1-crystallin in cortical punctate opaque lenses is also striking. In nuclear cataractous lenses HM+ alpha- and beta-crystallin increase, while gamma-crystallin decreases. The urea-soluble protein from clear lenses contains mainly of alpha beta chain, whereas in cataractous lenses the relative amounts of the 28 and 23ku polypeptides (the components of beta-crystallin) increased markedly. In cataractous lenses the relative amount of membrane intrinsic proteins decreases slightly and it has little statistical meaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Xuzhou Medical College
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31
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Abstract
We report the synthesis and biological evaluation of five insulin analogues in which one or both of the B-chain tyrosine residues have been substituted. [B16 Phe]insulin and [B16 Trp]insulin display a very modest reduction in potency (c. 65%) relative to porcine insulin; [B26 Phe]insulin is less active (30-50%), and the doubly substituted [B16 Phe, B26 Phe]insulin displays still lower potency (c. 35%). The further substitution of Asp for B10 His in [B16 Phe, B26 Phe]insulin raises its activity to approximately twofold greater than natural insulin, an increase of approximately fivefold over the parent compound. We conclude that the bulk and/or aromaticity of the amino acid residue at position B16, but not its hydrogen-bonding capacity, contributes to the biological activity of the hormone. We further conclude that hydrogen-bonding capacity or special side-chain packing characteristics are required at the B26 position for insulin to display high biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York, New York 10029-6574
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32
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Hu SQ, Burke GT, Schwartz GP, Ferderigos N, Ross JB, Katsoyannis PG. Steric requirements at position B12 for high biological activity in insulin. Biochemistry 1993; 32:2631-5. [PMID: 8448120 DOI: 10.1021/bi00061a022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The alpha-helix formed by the amino acid residues 9-19 of the B-chain of insulin is involved in the stabilization of its three-dimensional structure. We have shown that modification at positions B9, B10, B12, and B16 results in analogues possessing biological activities ranging from ca. 0.2% to ca. 500% relative to that of natural insulin. The lowest potency was displayed by [B12 Asn]insulin, in which the hydrophobic B12 Val residue was replaced by the hydrophilic Asn residue. We now report the synthesis of four insulin analogues in which hydrophobicity is retained, and only the spatial arrangement of atoms in the B12 region is altered. Substitution of B12 Val with alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib), D-Ala, and Phe led to analogues possessing biological activities, in lipogenesis assays, of 8.5%, 2%, and 0.2%, respectively, relative to that of natural insulin. Inversion of the B11-B12 sequence, -Leu-Val-, led to an analogue displaying 3.3% activity. A synthetic B-chain in which the B11 Leu-B12 Val sequence was replaced by B11 Ala-B12 Ile was incapable of combining with the natural A-chain. We conclude that the Val residue in the B12 position in insulin fulfills special side-chain packing requirements involved in the stability of the structure of insulin. Even slight steric alteration at position B12 results in a distortion of the overall conformation of the B-chain which affects its ability to combine with the natural A-chain. This distortion is retained in the corresponding analogue, which is reflected in diminished biological potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York, New York 10029
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33
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Dai JH, Hu SQ, Tang H, Deng W, Zhang HJ. Quasi-periodic motion in a hybrid optical bistable system with a short delay. Opt Lett 1991; 16:889-891. [PMID: 19776819 DOI: 10.1364/ol.16.000889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The dynamical behavior of a hybrid optical bistable system with a short delay is calculated numerically in detail. The quasi-periodic motion and frequency locking of the system are observed experimentally.
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Abstract
The beta-turn formed by the amino acid residues 20-23 of the B-chain of insulin has been implicated as an important structural feature of the molecule. In other biologically active peptides, stabilization of beta-turns has resulted in increases in activity. We have synthesized three insulin analogues containing modifications which would be expected to increase the stability of the beta-turn. In two analogues, we have substituted alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) for the Glu residue normally present in position B21 or for the Arg residue normally present in position B22; in a third compound, we have replaced the Glu residue with its D-isomer. Biological evaluation of these compounds showed that [B21 Aib]insulin displays a potency ca. one-fourth that of natural insulin, while [B22 Aib]insulin is less than 10% as potent. In contrast, [B21 D-Glu]insulin is equipotent with natural insulin. We conclude that the beta-turn region of the insulin molecule normally possesses considerable flexibility, which may be necessary for it to assume a conformation commensurate with high biological activity. If this is the case, [B21 D-Glu]insulin may exhibit a stabilized geometry similar to that of natural insulin when bound to the insulin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York, New York 10029-6574
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35
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Hu SQ, Stern RM, Koch KL. Effects of pre-exposures to a rotating optokinetic drum on adaptation to motion sickness. Aviat Space Environ Med 1991; 62:53-6. [PMID: 1996932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of two different pre-exposure procedures on adaptation to motion sickness in a rotating circular vection drum. The 45 subjects were randomly divided into three groups. The control group only had a standard 16-min exposure to the drum rotating at 60 degrees/s with no pre-exposure. The incremental exposure group had two separated 4-min pre-exposure periods at 15 degrees/s and 30 degrees/s in the rotating drum immediately prior to the standard 16-min exposure period in the drum rotating at 60 degrees/s. The abrupt-exposure group had the same pre-exposure procedure except the pre-exposure drum rotation speed was 60 degrees/s and was followed by the same standard exposure periods. Subjective motion sickness reports and a measure of gastric myoelectric activity (electrogastrogram, EGG) were obtained during the standard 16-min drum rotation period in all three groups. The results showed that subjects in the incremental exposure group reported significantly fewer motion sickness symptoms during the standard 16-min rotation period than did the subjects in the abrupt exposure group and the control group. Subjects in the incremental exposure group also had less tachyarrhythmia, abnormal gastric myoelectric activity associated with nausea, during the 16-min rotation period than did the subjects in the control and abrupt exposure group. Incremental exposure to motion stimuli may be a useful method for training resistance to visually-induced motion sickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Hu
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802
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36
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Abstract
The substitution of aspartic acid for the naturally-occurring histidine residue in position B10 in human insulin results in an insulin analogue which displays an in vitro potency 4- to 5-fold greater than the parent compound. This substitution has been introduced into six insulin analogues which, before modification, display potencies ranging from less than 0.01-fold to 3-fold relative to natural insulin. In each case, the resulting aspartic acid-substituted analogue is substantially more potent than the parent compound. Thus, it is now possible to prepare "tailor-made" insulins with enhanced potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Burke
- Department of Biochemistry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York, New York 10029-6574
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37
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Hu SQ. [Disinfection of the apparatus for administering oxygen]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1989; 24:338-9. [PMID: 2791152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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38
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Stern RM, Hu SQ, Vasey MW, Koch KL. Adaptation to vection-induced symptoms of motion sickness. Aviat Space Environ Med 1989; 60:566-72. [PMID: 2751587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The visual-vestibular-proprioceptive sensory mismatch of vection provokes motion sickness in approximately 60% of healthy subjects. Approximately 60% of astronauts experience motion sickness in microgravity where vestibular/otolith function is altered. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which symptoms of motion sickness and tachygastria, an abnormal 4-9 cpm rhythm of the stomach, decrease or adapt during three repeated exposures to a rotating circular vection drum. Subjects sat in the drum for 45 min: 15 min baseline, 15 min drum rotation at 60 degrees.s-1, and 15 min recovery. Gastric myoelectric activity was continuously recorded with the electrogastrogram (EGG). Symptom reports were obtained during rotation. In Experiment I, 10 subjects were exposed to the drum 3 times with intersession intervals of 4-24 d. They failed to show adaptation based on subjective reports and all showed tachygastria. In Experiment II, 14 new subjects were exposed to the drum 3 times with intersession intervals of 48 h. The group experienced a reduction in symptoms and tachygastria with repeated exposure to the drum. Thus, symptomatic and physiological improvement occurred after training in subjects susceptible to vection-induced motion sickness. Preflight adaptation to visual-vestibular sensory mismatch may reduce motion sickness experienced in the environment of microgravity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Stern
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
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39
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Xia JH, Li LY, Dai HP, Hu SQ, He XX, Xu FM, Xu J, Xiao GH, Hu XD, Lu HL. Karyotype analysis in 2,079 consecutive liveborn infants. Chin Med J (Engl) 1982; 95:687-91. [PMID: 6817995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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