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Wan Y, Ding J, Jia Z, Hong Y, Tian G, Zheng S, Pan P, Wang J, Liang H. Current trends and research topics regarding organoids: A bibliometric analysis of global research from 2000 to 2023. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32965. [PMID: 39022082 PMCID: PMC11253259 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of animal models for biological experiments is no longer sufficient for research related to human life and disease. The development of organ tissues has replaced animal models by mimicking the structure, function, development and homeostasis of natural organs. This provides more opportunities to study human diseases such as cancer, infectious diseases and genetic disorders. In this study, bibliometric methods were used to analyze organoid-related articles published over the last 20+ years to identify emerging trends and frontiers in organoid research. A total of 13,143 articles from 4125 institutions in 86 countries or regions were included in the analysis. The number of papers increased steadily over the 20-year period. The United States was the leading country in terms of number of papers and citations. Harvard Medical School had the highest number of papers published. Keyword analysis revealed research trends and focus areas such as organ tissues, stem cells, 3D culture and tissue engineering. In conclusion, this study used bibliometric and visualization methods to explore the field of organoid research and found that organ tissues are receiving increasing attention in areas such as cancer, drug discovery, personalized medicine, genetic disease modelling and gene repair, making them a current research hotspot and a future research trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantong Wan
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixuan Jia
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinghao Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guijie Tian
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqian Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinfei Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyan Wang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, China
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Bombieri C, Corsi A, Trabetti E, Ruggiero A, Marchetto G, Vattemi G, Valenti MT, Zipeto D, Romanelli MG. Advanced Cellular Models for Rare Disease Study: Exploring Neural, Muscle and Skeletal Organoids. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1014. [PMID: 38256087 PMCID: PMC10815694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Organoids are self-organized, three-dimensional structures derived from stem cells that can mimic the structure and physiology of human organs. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and 3D organoid model systems allow cells to be analyzed in a controlled environment to simulate the characteristics of a given disease by modeling the underlying pathophysiology. The recent development of 3D cell models has offered the scientific community an exceptionally valuable tool in the study of rare diseases, overcoming the limited availability of biological samples and the limitations of animal models. This review provides an overview of iPSC models and genetic engineering techniques used to develop organoids. In particular, some of the models applied to the study of rare neuronal, muscular and skeletal diseases are described. Furthermore, the limitations and potential of developing new therapeutic approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Donato Zipeto
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.B.); (A.C.); (E.T.); (A.R.); (G.M.); (G.V.); (M.T.V.)
| | - Maria Grazia Romanelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.B.); (A.C.); (E.T.); (A.R.); (G.M.); (G.V.); (M.T.V.)
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Silva-Pedrosa R, Salgado AJ, Ferreira PE. Revolutionizing Disease Modeling: The Emergence of Organoids in Cellular Systems. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060930. [PMID: 36980271 PMCID: PMC10047824 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular models have created opportunities to explore the characteristics of human diseases through well-established protocols, while avoiding the ethical restrictions associated with post-mortem studies and the costs associated with researching animal models. The capability of cell reprogramming, such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology, solved the complications associated with human embryonic stem cells (hESC) usage. Moreover, iPSCs made significant contributions for human medicine, such as in diagnosis, therapeutic and regenerative medicine. The two-dimensional (2D) models allowed for monolayer cellular culture in vitro; however, they were surpassed by the three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system. The 3D cell culture provides higher cell-cell contact and a multi-layered cell culture, which more closely respects cellular morphology and polarity. It is more tightly able to resemble conditions in vivo and a closer approach to the architecture of human tissues, such as human organoids. Organoids are 3D cellular structures that mimic the architecture and function of native tissues. They are generated in vitro from stem cells or differentiated cells, such as epithelial or neural cells, and are used to study organ development, disease modeling, and drug discovery. Organoids have become a powerful tool for understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying human physiology, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of cancer, metabolic diseases, and brain disorders. Although organoid technology is up-and-coming, it also has some limitations that require improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Silva-Pedrosa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - António José Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Eduardo Ferreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Ramamurthy RM, Rodriguez M, Ainsworth HC, Shields J, Meares D, Bishop C, Farland A, Langefeld CD, Atala A, Doering CB, Spencer HT, Porada CD, Almeida-Porada G. Comparison of different gene addition strategies to modify placental derived-mesenchymal stromal cells to produce FVIII. Front Immunol 2022; 13:954984. [PMID: 36591257 PMCID: PMC9800010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Placenta-derived mesenchymal cells (PLCs) endogenously produce FVIII, which makes them ideally suited for cell-based fVIII gene delivery. We have previously reported that human PLCs can be efficiently modified with a lentiviral vector encoding a bioengineered, expression/secretion-optimized fVIII transgene (ET3) and durably produce clinically relevant levels of functionally active FVIII. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether CRISPR/Cas9 can be used to achieve location-specific insertion of a fVIII transgene into a genomic safe harbor, thereby eliminating the potential risks arising from the semi-random genomic integration inherent to lentiviral vectors. We hypothesized this approach would improve the safety of the PLC-based gene delivery platform and might also enhance the therapeutic effect by eliminating chromatin-related transgene silencing. Methods We used CRISPR/Cas9 to attempt to insert the bioengineered fVIII transgene "lcoET3" into the AAVS1 site of PLCs (CRISPR-lcoET3) and determined their subsequent levels of FVIII production, comparing results with this approach to those achieved using lentivector transduction (LV-lcoET3) and plasmid transfection (Plasmid-lcoET3). In addition, since liver-derived sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are the native site of FVIII production in the body, we also performed parallel studies in human (h)LSECs). Results PLCs and hLSECs can both be transduced (LV-lcoET3) with very high efficiency and produce high levels of biologically active FVIII. Surprisingly, both cell types were largely refractory to CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockin of the lcoET3 fVIII transgene in the AAVS1 genome locus. However, successful insertion of an RFP reporter into this locus using an identical procedure suggests the failure to achieve knockin of the lcoET3 expression cassette at this site is likely a function of its large size. Importantly, using plasmids, alone or to introduce the CRISPR/Cas9 "machinery", resulted in dramatic upregulation of TLR 3, TLR 7, and BiP in PLCs, compromising their unique immune-inertness. Discussion Although we did not achieve our primary objective, our results validate the utility of both PLCs and hLSECs as cell-based delivery vehicles for a fVIII transgene, and they highlight the hurdles that remain to be overcome before primary human cells can be gene-edited with sufficient efficiency for use in cell-based gene therapy to treat HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu M. Ramamurthy
- Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Martin Rodriguez
- Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Hannah C. Ainsworth
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Jordan Shields
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Diane Meares
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Colin Bishop
- Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Andrew Farland
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Carl D. Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Anthony Atala
- Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Christopher B. Doering
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - H. Trent Spencer
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Christopher D. Porada
- Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Graça Almeida-Porada
- Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
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Kouskoff V, Asakura A. Editorial: Editor's Pick 2021: Highlights in Stem Cell Research. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:859472. [PMID: 35399510 PMCID: PMC8990225 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.859472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Kouskoff
- Developmental Hematopoiesis Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Atsushi Asakura
- Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, Department of Neurology, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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McTague A, Rossignoli G, Ferrini A, Barral S, Kurian MA. Genome Editing in iPSC-Based Neural Systems: From Disease Models to Future Therapeutic Strategies. Front Genome Ed 2021; 3:630600. [PMID: 34713254 PMCID: PMC8525405 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2021.630600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic advances for neurological disorders are challenging due to limited accessibility of the human central nervous system and incomplete understanding of disease mechanisms. Many neurological diseases lack precision treatments, leading to significant disease burden and poor outcome for affected patients. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology provides human neuronal cells that facilitate disease modeling and development of therapies. The use of genome editing, in particular CRISPR-Cas9 technology, has extended the potential of iPSCs, generating new models for a number of disorders, including Alzheimers and Parkinson Disease. Editing of iPSCs, in particular with CRISPR-Cas9, allows generation of isogenic pairs, which differ only in the disease-causing mutation and share the same genetic background, for assessment of phenotypic differences and downstream effects. Moreover, genome-wide CRISPR screens allow high-throughput interrogation for genetic modifiers in neuronal phenotypes, leading to discovery of novel pathways, and identification of new therapeutic targets. CRISPR-Cas9 has now evolved beyond altering gene expression. Indeed, fusion of a defective Cas9 (dCas9) nuclease with transcriptional repressors or activation domains allows down-regulation or activation of gene expression (CRISPR interference, CRISPRi; CRISPR activation, CRISPRa). These new tools will improve disease modeling and facilitate CRISPR and cell-based therapies, as seen for epilepsy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Genome engineering holds huge promise for the future understanding and treatment of neurological disorders, but there are numerous barriers to overcome. The synergy of iPSC-based model systems and gene editing will play a vital role in the route to precision medicine and the clinical translation of genome editing-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy McTague
- Developmental Neurosciences, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giada Rossignoli
- Developmental Neurosciences, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arianna Ferrini
- Developmental Neurosciences, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serena Barral
- Developmental Neurosciences, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Developmental Neurosciences, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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