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Kiaheyrati N, Babaei A, Ranji R, Bahadoran E, Taheri S, Farokhpour Z. Cancer therapy with the viral and bacterial pathogens: The past enemies can be considered the present allies. Life Sci 2024; 349:122734. [PMID: 38788973 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide despite significant advancements in cancer treatment. Many difficulties have arisen as a result of the detrimental consequences of chemotherapy and radiotherapy as a common cancer therapy, such as drug inability to penetrate deep tumor tissue, and also the drug resistance in tumor cells continues to be a major concern. These obstacles have increased the need for the development of new techniques that are more selective and effective against cancer cells. Bacterial-based therapies and the use of oncolytic viruses can suppress cancer in comparison to other cancer medications. The tumor microenvironment is susceptible to bacterial accumulation and proliferation, which can trigger immune responses against the tumor. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have also gained considerable attention in recent years because of their potential capability to selectively target and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest literature on the role of bacteria and viruses in cancer treatment, discusses the limitations and challenges, outlines various strategies, summarizes recent preclinical and clinical trials, and emphasizes the importance of optimizing current strategies for better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Kiaheyrati
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Abouzar Babaei
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Reza Ranji
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Bahadoran
- School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Shiva Taheri
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Zahra Farokhpour
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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2
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He X, Zeng XX. Immunotherapy and CRISPR Cas Systems: Potential Cure of COVID-19? Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:951-972. [PMID: 35386853 PMCID: PMC8979261 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s347297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 has plunged the world into a pandemic that affected millions. The continually emerging new variants of concern raise the question as to whether the existing vaccines will continue to provide sufficient protection for individuals from SARS-CoV-2 during natural infection. This narrative review aims to briefly outline various immunotherapeutic options and discuss the potential of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR Cas system technology against COVID-19 treatment as specific cure. As the development of vaccine, convalescent plasma, neutralizing antibodies are based on the understanding of human immune responses against SARS-CoV-2, boosting human body immune responses in case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, immunotherapeutics seem feasible as specific cure against COVID-19 if the present challenges are overcome. In cell based therapeutics, apart from the high costs, risks and side effects, there are technical problems such as the production of sufficient potent immune cells and antibodies under limited time to treat the COVID-19 patients in mild conditions prior to progression into a more severe case. The CRISPR Cas technology could be utilized to refine the specificity and safety of CAR-T cells, CAR-NK cells and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 during various stages of the COVID-19 disease progression in infected individuals. Moreover, CRISPR Cas technology are proposed in hypotheses to degrade the viral RNA in order to terminate the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. Thus personalized cocktails of immunotherapeutics and CRISPR Cas systems against COVID-19 as a strategy might prevent further disease progression and circumvent immunity escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong He
- Department of Cardiology, Changzhou Jintan First People’s Hospital, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 213200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xue Zeng
- Department of Health Management, Centre of General Practice, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, 528000, People’s Republic of China
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Tiwari S, Juneja S, Ghosal A, Bandara N, Khan R, Wallen SL, Ramakrishna S, Kaushik A. Antibacterial and antiviral high-performance nanosystems to mitigate new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2022; 21:100363. [PMID: 34869963 PMCID: PMC8632437 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The increased severity of the COVID-19 infection due to new SARS-CoV-2 variants has resonated pandemic impact which made health experts to re-evaluate the effectiveness of pandemic management strategies. This becomes critical owing to the infection in large population and shortcomings in the existing global healthcare system worldwide. The designing of high-performance nanosystems (NS) with tunable performances seems to be the most efficient method to tackle infectious SARS-CoV-2 variants including recently emerged omicron mutation. In this direction, experts projects the versatile functionalized NS and their capabilities to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 propagation pathways by sensitization, antipathogenicity, photocatalysis, photothermal effects, immune response, developing efficient diagnostics assays or associated, selective biomarkers detection, and targeted drug delivery systems. To achieve these tasks, this opinion article project the importance of the fabrication of nano-enabled protective gear, masks, gloves, sheets, filtration units, nano-emulsified disinfectants, antiviral/bacterial paints, and therangostics to facilitate quarantine strategies via protection, detection, and treatment needed to manage COVID-19 pandemic in personalized manners. These functional protective high-performance antibacterial and antiviral NS can efficiently tackle the SARS-CoV-2 variants transmission through respiratory fluids and pollutants within water droplets, aerosols, air, and particulates along with their severe infection via neutralizing or eradicating the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Tiwari
- Department of Zoology, Delhi University, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Subhavna Juneja
- NanoBiotechnology Lab, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anujit Ghosal
- Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences, The University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, The University of Manitoba, MB R3T 6C5, Canada
| | - Nandika Bandara
- Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences, The University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, The University of Manitoba, MB R3T 6C5, Canada
| | - Raju Khan
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre, CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Scott L Wallen
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health Systems Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, National University of Singapore, 119260 Singapore
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health Systems Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA
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Banerjee A, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Coccinia grandis
alleviates flavor‐enhancing high‐lipid diet induced hepatocellular inflammation and apoptosis. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14092. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Banerjee
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG) Serampore College Serampore India
| | - Sandip Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG) Serampore College Serampore India
| | - Bithin Kumar Maji
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG) Serampore College Serampore India
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Mostafa EM, Tawfik AM, Abd-Elrahman KM. Egyptian perspectives on potential risk of paracetamol/acetaminophen-induced toxicities: Lessons learnt during COVID-19 pandemic. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:541-548. [PMID: 35371923 PMCID: PMC8961937 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Paracetamol/Acetaminophen was widely used as a first-line antipyretic and analgesic for COVID-19 patients without giving any attention to the potential risk of related toxicities. A survey was conducted on 176 Egyptians using an online survey portal to assess their knowledge, and attitude regarding potential risk of paracetamol toxicities and whether COVID-19 pandemic affected their practices regarding safe use of paracetamol. The self-administered questionnaire was developed by the researchers and was validated by expert opinions. A pilot testing of the questionnaire was done. Alpha Cronbach test used to assess the internal consistency reliability of the survey revealed good reliability. Overall percent-score revealed that only 24.4% of participants had good knowledge about paracetamol and its related potential toxicities. 62.5% of participants considered paracetamol safer than other medications of the same indications. 42.6% of participants could advise others to use paracetamol without prescription. According to the participants' responses, physicians were less concerned to give instructions about possibility of overdosage. Our results also revealed that participants’ administration of paracetamol without physician prescription was more during COVID-19. Practice of paracetamol administration more than the allowed number of tablets/day was significantly more evident during the pandemic. We concluded that the unsupervised use of paracetamol is an alarming sign that should be addressed as this could lead to a high rate of accidental paracetamol toxicity. A lesson learnt from COVID-19 pandemic is the need to implement behavior change measures to mitigate the risk of accidental paracetamol toxicity. Survey on paracetamol safe usage and its potential toxicities among Egyptians. Paracetamol usage among participants of this study was more during COVID-19. 58% had fair knowledge about paracetamol and its related potential toxicities. 42.6% could advise others to use paracetamol without prescription. There is a need to implement measures to mitigate accidental paracetamol toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas M.A. Mostafa
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Correspondence to: Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ring Road, P.O. Box: 41522, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Ayat M. Tawfik
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Khadiga M. Abd-Elrahman
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Perez-SanJose D, de la Fuente MA, Serna Pérez J, Simarro M, Eiros Bouza JM, Sanz-Muñoz I. CRISPR/CasRx Proof-of-Concept for RNA Degradation: A Future Tool against RNA Viruses? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:ph15010032. [PMID: 35056089 PMCID: PMC8778981 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses provide a great threat for the human population, causing highly contagious respiratory infections that can lead to serious clinical complications. There are a limited variety of influenza antivirals, and these antivirals are subjected to the constant emergence of resistances. Therefore, the development of new antiviral strategies to combat influenza viruses and other RNA viruses must be promoted. In this work, we design a proof-of-concept of a recently described CRISPR/Cas tool that has been proposed as a possible future RNA virus antiviral, named CRISPR/CasRx. For this, we verified the efficiency of the CasRx endonuclease in the degradation of the eGFP mRNA reporter gene and we established the best conditions for, and the efficient performance of, the CRISPR/CasRx system. The results were measured by fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and qRT-PCR. The analyses demonstrated a reduction in fluorescence, regardless of the amount of eGFP reporter plasmid transfected. The analyses showed an 86–90% reduction in fluorescence by flow cytometry and a 51–80% reduction in mRNA expression by qRT-PCR. Our results demonstrate that the CasRx endonuclease is an efficient tool for eGFP mRNA knockdown. Therefore, subsequent experiments could be useful for the development of a new antiviral tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Perez-SanJose
- National Influenza Center of Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, University of Valladolid, 47010 Valladolid, Spain; (J.M.E.B.); (I.S.-M.)
- Targeted Gene Modification Laboratory, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (M.A.d.l.F.); (J.S.P.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Miguel Angel de la Fuente
- Targeted Gene Modification Laboratory, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (M.A.d.l.F.); (J.S.P.); (M.S.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Julia Serna Pérez
- Targeted Gene Modification Laboratory, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (M.A.d.l.F.); (J.S.P.); (M.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Maria Simarro
- Targeted Gene Modification Laboratory, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (M.A.d.l.F.); (J.S.P.); (M.S.)
- Nursing Unit, Nursing Faculty, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José María Eiros Bouza
- National Influenza Center of Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, University of Valladolid, 47010 Valladolid, Spain; (J.M.E.B.); (I.S.-M.)
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ivan Sanz-Muñoz
- National Influenza Center of Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, University of Valladolid, 47010 Valladolid, Spain; (J.M.E.B.); (I.S.-M.)
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Banerjee A, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Worldwide flavor enhancer monosodium glutamate combined with high lipid diet provokes metabolic alterations and systemic anomalies: An overview. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:938-961. [PMID: 34026558 PMCID: PMC8120859 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavor enhancing high lipid diet acts as silent killer. Monosodium glutamate mixed with high lipid diet alters redox-status. Monosodium glutamate mixed with high lipid diet induces systemic anomalies.
In this fast-food era, people depend on ready-made foods and engage in minimal physical activities that ultimately change their food habits. Majorities of such foods have harmful effects on human health due to higher percentages of saturated fatty acids, trans-fatty acids, and hydrogenated fats in the form of high lipid diet (HLD). Moreover, food manufacturers add monosodium glutamate (MSG) to enhance the taste and palatability of the HLD. Both MSG and HLD induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thereby alter the redox-homeostasis to cause systemic damage. However, MSG mixed HLD (MH) consumption leads to dyslipidemia, silently develops non-alcoholic fatty liver disease followed by metabolic alterations and systemic anomalies, even malignancies, via modulating different signaling pathways. This comprehensive review formulates health care strategies to create global awareness about the harmful impact of MH on the human body and recommends the daily consumption of more natural foods rich in antioxidants instead of toxic ingredients to counterbalance the MH-induced systemic anomalies.
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