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Harper CC, Jones E, Brindis CD, Watson A, Schroeder R, Boyer CB, Edelman A, Trieu S, Yarger J. Educational Intervention Among Adolescents and Young Adults on Emergency Contraception Options. J Adolesc Health 2023; 72:993-996. [PMID: 36894464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Emergency contraception (EC), the 'last chance' contraceptive method, has gained significance post-Roe, but most young people do not know their options. METHODS We conducted an educational intervention on EC among 1,053 students aged 18-25 years. We assessed changes in knowledge of key aspects of EC using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS At baseline, virtually no one was aware of the intrauterine device for EC (4%), but postintervention, 89% correctly identified intrauterine devices as the most effective EC (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 116.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] 62.4, 217.8). Knowledge that levonorgestrel pills could be accessed without a prescription grew (60%-90%; aOR = 9.7, 95% CI 6.7-14.0), as did knowledge that pills work best when taken as soon as possible (75%-95%; aOR = 9.6, 95% CI 6.1-14.9). Multivariate results showed adolescent and young adult participants absorbed these key concepts across age, gender, and sexual orientation. DISCUSSION Timely interventions are needed to empower youth with knowledge of EC options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia C Harper
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California, California, San Francisco; Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, California, San Francisco.
| | - Erin Jones
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Claire D Brindis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California, California, San Francisco; Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, California, San Francisco; Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, California, San Francisco
| | - Annalisa Watson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California, California, San Francisco
| | - Rosalyn Schroeder
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California, California, San Francisco
| | - Cherrie B Boyer
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, California, San Francisco
| | - Alison Edelman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Sang Trieu
- Student Health Center, Ohlone College, Fremont, California
| | - Jennifer Yarger
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California, California, San Francisco; Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, California, San Francisco
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Ogunbode O, Takpe R, Adeniyi A, Ogunbode A, Agboola A. KNOWLEDGE OF EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION AND PREDICTORS OF ITS USE AMONG FEMALE UNDERGRADUATES IN TWO NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 2022; 20:143-150. [PMID: 37384339 PMCID: PMC10295099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Unintended pregnancies contribute to the high burden of unsafe abortion, maternal deaths and morbidities among undergraduates. Objective To assess the determinants of good knowledge and evaluate the trends in the practice of Emergency Contraception (EC) among female undergraduates. Methods This was a cross sectional study involving four hundred and twenty female undergraduates from two universities in Ibadan, Nigeria. Participants were recruited from their hostels and classrooms. Data collection was done using self-administered questionnaires and good knowledge was defined as three correct answers to five questions testing knowledge. The questionnaires also addressed their practices of EC. The data was stored on the computer, cleaned and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05. Results Two hundred and fourteen (51.0%) participants were aware of EC and the common sources were friends (43.4%), media (42.9%) and pharmacies (42.0%). One hundred and sixty-four participants (39.1%) had good knowledge of EC. Participants in the age group 20-24 years, second year of study, those who were aware of EC and had ever used EC were associated with good knowledge. Less than half (48%) of the sexually active participants used EC in the past six months and Levonogestrel (51%) was the commonest EC used. Menstrual irregularity and abdominal pain were the major side effects of EC. Conclusion The practice of EC is poor and with poor knowledge demonstrated among female undergraduates. There is therefore the need to improve information and access to EC in the university community.
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Affiliation(s)
- O.O. Ogunbode
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan
| | - R. Takpe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan
| | - A. Adeniyi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan
| | - A.M. Ogunbode
- Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan
| | - A. Agboola
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan
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Storck KE, Gawron LM, Sanders JN, Wiaderny N, Turok DK. “I just had to pay the money and be supportive”: A qualitative exploration of the male-partner role in contraceptive decision-making in Salt Lake City, Utah family planning clinics. Contraception 2022; 113:78-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Surveying the persistence of age and gender-based restrictions on over-the-counter emergency contraception across pharmacies in Los Angeles County, California, USA. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2022; 62:1654-1658. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Meier S, Giannone A, Umberger A, Mason CJ, Ramos-Ortiz J, Szabo MM, DeMaria AL. Messaging and access strategies for improving emergency contraceptive knowledge and uptake among Italians. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2021; 27:166-172. [PMID: 34860140 DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2021.2008346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Over-the-counter emergency contraception (EC) purchase was legalised in Italy in 2015. Knowledge and access gaps, however, remain. The goal of this study was to explore women's and men's EC informational and access needs. METHODS As part of a larger reproductive study, researchers conducted 42 in-depth interviews (May-June 2019) with English-speaking women and men aged 18-50 years (mean ± standard deviation, 29.1 ± 7.9 years) living in or near Florence, Italy, and using the Italian health care system. Researchers completed qualitative data analysis to identify emergent themes related to EC knowledge, attitudes and access. HyperRESEARCH aided data organisation and analysis. Researchers used a comparative method to contextualise data and identify emergent themes. RESULTS Findings demonstrated that peer communication and experiences served as influential factors in others' EC use. This propagated misinformation, reducing participants' confidence in EC efficacy and safety. Women described the relevance of relationship type in whether to engage men in EC discussion, while men desired an active supportive role. Finally, participants described various messaging and access channels to increase EC knowledge and access. CONCLUSION Findings offer practical recommendations to guide social marketing and behaviour change interventions to increase EC access among women and men in Italy. The utility of pharmacists to individuals wishing to access EC is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Meier
- Division of Consumer Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Allison Giannone
- School of Nursing, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Alexia Umberger
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Cayley J Mason
- School of Nursing, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jaziel Ramos-Ortiz
- Division of Consumer Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Andrea L DeMaria
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Karim SI, Irfan F, Saad H, Alqhtani M, Alsharhan A, Alzhrani A, Alhawas F, Alatawi S, Alassiri M, M. A. Ahmed A. Men's knowledge, attitude, and barriers towards emergency contraception: A facility based cross-sectional study at King Saud University Medical City. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249292. [PMID: 33901184 PMCID: PMC8075244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male partners have a considerable role in influencing women's contraceptive decision making to reduce the chance of unintended pregnancy. Most studies are focused on women's knowledge and barriers for emergency contraception (EC) use. There is limited research on this topic from the male perspective. This study aimed to gather baseline data on men's knowledge, attitudes and barriers about EC. METHODS Descriptive analytic cross-sectional study was conducted from Dec 2019 -May 2020 at the King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH); a teaching facility with general and subspecialty medical services in King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a structured pretested questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Descriptive statistics and Chi square tests were used. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to find significant predictors for EC awareness and use. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 461 participants completed the questionnaire (response rate 86%). The majority (82%) of the participants were unaware of EC; with only 18% having some knowledge. Knowledgeable men had positive attitudes (73.5%) about EC as compared to non- knowledgeable ones (55.0%). Factors found to be associated with less knowledge of EC were cultural [0.46, 95%CI 0.22. 0.96] and religious unacceptability [OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.29, 0.89)]. Higher level of education [OR 1.83, 95%CI 0.94, 3.53] was associated with more knowledge regarding EC. The study showed that correct information about using contraceptives within 3 days of unprotected sex [OR 4.96, 95%CI 1.81, 13.60]; availability without prescription [OR 5.06, 95%CI 1.68, 15.30], EC advertisement [OR 4.84, 95%CI 0.96, 24.27] and receipt of information from family/friends [OR 18.50, 95%CI 5.19, 65.93] were factors that contributed to men using EC. CONCLUSION The current knowledge of EC among men is limited. Social determinants affect these levels of knowledge, as well as the usage of EC. Factors that were associated with the use of ECPs were correct knowledge, advertisement, availability and receipt of information from family/friends. The findings highlight the need to educate men on this important topic to avoid unintended pregnancy, keeping in view cultural and social values. Future qualitative studies are needed to understand the male perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Irfan Karim
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Chair for Medical Education Research and Development, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhana Irfan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Chair for Medical Education Research and Development, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Saad
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Ahmed Alzhrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feras Alhawas
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alatawi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdullah M. A. Ahmed
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Chair for Medical Education Research and Development, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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James-Hawkins L, Dalessandro C, Sennott C. Conflicting contraceptive norms for men: equal responsibility versus women's bodily autonomy. CULTURE, HEALTH & SEXUALITY 2019; 21:263-277. [PMID: 29764310 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2018.1464209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Most research investigating how men and women in heterosexual relationships negotiate contraceptive use focuses on the women's point of view. Using a sample of 44 interviews with men attending a western US university, this study examines norms governing men's participation in contraceptive use and pregnancy prevention and their responses to those norms. The paper demonstrates how competing norms around sexual health decision-making and women's bodily autonomy contribute to unintended outcomes that undermine young people's quest for egalitarian sexual relationships. While men largely agree that responsibility for sexual health decision-making should be shared with women, they also believe that women should have power over their own bodies and sexual health. However, the coexistence of these two competing norms - which call for both equal responsibility in decision-making and women's bodily autonomy - results in a disconnect between men saying that sexual health decision-making should be equal, but not always participating equally. Thus, men largely give contraceptive decision-making power over to women, putting the burden of pregnancy prevention onto women and letting men off the hook. It is concluded that men's negotiation of these competing norms reinforces unequal power and inequality in sexual relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristen Dalessandro
- b Department of Sociology , University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder , CO , USA
| | - Christie Sennott
- c Department of Sociology , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
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