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Contreras CM, Gutiérrez-García AG. Ketamine and fluoxetine exert similar actions on prelimbic and infralimbic responsivity to lateral septal nucleus stimulation in Wistar rats. Neurosci Lett 2024; 834:137848. [PMID: 38823510 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that has been proposed to be a useful alternative in cases of a poor response to other treatments in patients with depression. Remarkably, beneficial clinical actions of ketamine are detected once its psychotropic actions disappear. Therefore, clinical actions may occur independently of dose. Most current studies focus on actions of ketamine on neurotrophic factors, but few studies have investigated actions of ketamine on neural structures for which actions of antidepressants have been previously explored. Lateral septal nucleus (LSN) stimulation reduces neural activity in the prelimbic cortex (PL) and infralimbic cortex (IL) subregions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Fluoxetine increases inhibitory responsivity of the LSN-IL connection. In the present study, actions of an anesthetic dose of ketamine were compared with a high dose of fluoxetine on behavior and neural responsivity 24 h after drug administration. Fluoxetine reduced immobility in the forced swim test without changing locomotor activity in the open field test. Ketamine strongly decreased locomotor activity and did not produce changes in immobility. In another set of Wistar rats that received similar drug treatment regimens, the results indicated that LSN stimulation in saline-treated animals produced a long-lasting inhibitory afterdischarge in these mPFC subregions. Actions of ketamine on the LSN-mPFC connection reproduced actions of fluoxetine, consisting of accentuated inhibition of the LSN action on the mPFC. These findings suggest that independent of different actions on neurotransmission, the common final pathway of antidepressants lies in their actions on forebrain structures that are related to emotional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M Contreras
- Unidad Periférica-Xalapa, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
| | - Ana G Gutiérrez-García
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
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Vegad UG, Gajjar ND, Nagar PR, Chauhan SP, Pandya DJ, Dhameliya TM. In silico screening, ADMET analysis and MD simulations of phytochemicals of Onosma bracteata Wall. as SARS CoV-2 inhibitors. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:221. [PMID: 37265541 PMCID: PMC10230491 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03635-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Being attracted with their cardiotonic, antidiabetic, cough relieving activity, treatment of fever, absorbent, anti-asthmatic, etc. activities reported in ancient Ayurvedic literature, phytochemicals of Onosma bracteata wall should be evaluated for their activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus. The main objective of this study is to identify a hit molecule for the inhibition of entry, replication, and protein synthesis of SARS CoV-2 virus into the host. To achieve given objective, computational virtual screening of phytochemicals of Onosma bracteata wall has been performed against three main viral targets: spike, RdRp, and Mpro. Further, the analysis of Lipinski's Ro5 and their estimation of ADMET profiles were performed using computational tools. The MD simulations studies of top hits against each viral target have also been performed for 20 ns to ensure their stability. The analysis of results revealed that Pulmonarioside C (9) and other plant compounds showed better binding affinity towards targets than existing antiviral compounds, making them probable lead compounds against SARS-CoV-2. Structural modifications and studies through in silico analysis provided the founding stone for the establishment of SARS CoV-2 inhibitory potential of phytoconstitutents of Onosma bracteata wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaykumar G. Vegad
- Graduate School of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
- School of Pharmacy, R K University, Rajkot, Gujarat India
| | - Normi D. Gajjar
- L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009 Gujarat India
| | - Prinsa R. Nagar
- L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009 Gujarat India
| | - Sanjay P. Chauhan
- Graduate School of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
| | - Devang J. Pandya
- School of Pharmacy, R K University, Rajkot, Gujarat India
- Present Address: Intervein Research Labs, Sarkhej - Gandhinagar Hwy, Ahmedabad, 380 015 Gujarat India
| | - Tejas M. Dhameliya
- L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380 009 Gujarat India
- Present Address: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382 481 Gujarat India
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Kumar A, Attri S, Kaur S, Tuli HS, Saini RV, Saini AK, Kumar M, Kaur S. Onosma L. as a source of anticancer agents: phytochemistry to mechanistic insight. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2022; 3:719-733. [PMID: 36338520 PMCID: PMC9630327 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Onosma (O.) is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae with approximately 250 species widely dispersed in temperate, tropical, and subtropical areas. It is traditionally used to treat rheumatism, fever, asthma, stomach irritation, and inflammatory ailments. The bioactive constituents present in the genus O. include benzoquinones, naphthazarins, alkaloids, phenolic, naphthoquinones, and flavonoids whereas shikonins and onosmins are the most significant. The review compiled contemporary research on O. L., including its distribution, morphology, traditional applications, phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, and toxicology. This review also highlights a few critical challenges and possible future directions for O. L. research. Modern research has demonstrated a wide range of pharmacological effects of different species of O. L., including anti-diabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protective. However, the studies on the O. genus are still not fully explored, therefore, researchers need to discover novel products with their toxicity studies, molecular mechanism, and associated side effects. Future exploration of potent constituents from this genus and clinical trials are required to explore its pharmacological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, India
| | - Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, India
| | - Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Reena V. Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Adesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur-Ambala 221304, India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, India
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Akanji MA, Elijah OO, Oyedolapo AA, Aderonke AA, Opeoluwa OL, Omoloye AA, Oladoja FA, Olatundun SO, Edatomolaosi OL. Datura stramonium abrogates depression- and anxiety-like disorders in mice: possible involvement of monoaminergic pathways in its antidepressant activity. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2022; 37:305-314. [PMID: 35218173 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2021-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ethno-botanical surveys uncovered the use of Datura stramonium in the management of mental health abnormalities. Antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activities of hydroethanol leaf extract of D. stramonium (HLDS) in mice and its possible mechanism of action were investigated in this study. METHODS The hole-board test (HBT), open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze test (EPMT), and social interaction test (SIT) were used to investigate the anxiolytic-like activity while forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were employed for the antidepressant effect. Mice were pre-treated orally with purified water (10 mL/kg), bromazepam (1 mg/kg), fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) and D. stramonium (25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg). One hour post-treatment, mice were subjected to the various tests. RESULTS In HBT, D. stramonium increased the head dips and sectional crossings turnover. D. stramonium increased the number of square crossed and rearings/assisted rearings in OFT. DS increased the time spent in open arms of EPM. In SIT, D. stramonium increased the frequency/duration of interactions. In FST and TST, D. stramonium decreased the duration of immobility which were reversed by doxazosin (α1 adrenoceptor antagonist) and ondasentron (5-HT3 receptor antagonist). CONCLUSIONS HLDS has anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like activities through modulation of serotoninergic and adrenergic neurotransmissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murtala A Akanji
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, OlabisiOnabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oyinloye O Elijah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, OlabisiOnabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Alabi A Oyedolapo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, OlabisiOnabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Aderionla A Aderonke
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, OlabisiOnabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Ogunjimi L Opeoluwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, OlabisiOnabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Farouk A Oladoja
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, OlabisiOnabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Shonde O Olatundun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Gateway Polytechnic, Ogun state, Nigeria
| | - Osipitan L Edatomolaosi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, OlabisiOnabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
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Javaid U, Javaid S, Ashraf W, Rasool MF, Noman OM, Alqahtani AS, Majeed A, Shakeel W, Albekairi TH, Alqahtani F, Imran I. Chemical Profiling and Dose-Dependent Assessment of Fear Reducing and Memory-Enhancing Effects of Solanum virginianum in Rats. Dose Response 2021; 19:1559325821998486. [PMID: 33746655 PMCID: PMC7940748 DOI: 10.1177/1559325821998486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was planned to investigate the pharmacological basis of Solanum virginianum extract (SV.CR) pertaining to anxiolytic, antidepressant and memory-enhancing effects in rats. The SV.CR was analyzed in-vitro for phytoconstituents, antioxidant potential and anticholinesterase activity. The rats treated in a dose-dependent manner (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg of SV.CR) were subjected to behavioral tests for anxiety, depression and memory judgment followed by biochemical studies. A notable dose-dependent anxiolytic potential of SV.CR was observed in elevated plus maze and open field tests (P < 0.05). The decreased immobility time of the treated rats in the forced swim test (P < 0.01) unveiled the plant’s potential to reduce depression. Moreover, SV.CR treatment also reversed scopolamine-impaired cognition (P < 0.05) in various deployed memory and learning tasks. Biochemical studies of brain homogenates of SV.CR treated animals demonstrated decreased anticholinesterase activity and lipid peroxidation levels whereas increased levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.05 vs scopolamine group) were noted. The scientific validation of the study supported the use of Solanum virginianum in reducing anxiety, depression and amnesia in experimental models. Phytoconstituents in SV.CR such as oleanolic acid and caffeic acid might have played a significant neuroprotective role via modulation of oxidative stress and neurochemical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Javaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sana Javaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Omar M Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Majeed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Waleed Shakeel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Thamer H Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Kumar A, Kaur V, Pandit K, Tuli HS, Sak K, Jain SK, Kaur S. Antioxidant Phytoconstituents From Onosma bracteata Wall. (Boraginaceae) Ameliorate the CCl 4 Induced Hepatic Damage: In Vivo Study in Male Wistar Rats. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1301. [PMID: 32973525 PMCID: PMC7472603 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Onosma bracteata Wall. (Boraginaceae) is a highly valuable medicinal herb that is used for the treatment of fever, bronchitis, asthma, rheumatism, stomach irritation, and other inflammatory disorders. The present study aims to explore the hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic extract (Obeth) from O. bracteata aerial parts against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) which causes hepatic damage in the male Wistar rats. Obeth showed effective radical quenching activity with an EC50 of 115.14 and 199.33 µg/mL in superoxide radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation analyses respectively along with plasmid DNA protective potential in plasmid nicking assay. The Obeth modulated mutagenicity of 2 Aminofluorine (2AF) in the pre-incubation mode of investigation (EC50 10.48 µg/0.1 mL/plate) in TA100 strain of Salmonella typhimurium. In in vivo studies, pretreatment of Obeth (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) had the potential to normalize the biochemical markers aggravated by CCl4 (1mL/kg b.wt.) including liver antioxidative enzymes. Histopathological analysis also revealed the restoration of CCl4-induced liver histopathological alterations. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the treatment of Obeth downregulated the expression levels of p53 and cyclin D in hepatocytes. and downregulation in the Western blotting analysis revealed the downregulation of p-NF-kB, COX-2, and p53. HPLC data analysis showed the supremacy of major compounds namely, catechin, kaempferol, epicatechin, and Onosmin A in Obeth. The present investigation establishes the hepatoprotective and chemopreventive potential of O. bracteata against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity via antioxidant defense system and modulation of the expression of proteins associated with the process of carcinogenesis in hepatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Varinder Kaur
- Indigenous Education and Research Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Kritika Pandit
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India
| | | | - Subheet Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Liu X, Zhou Y, Li S, Yang D, Jiao M, Liu X, Wang Z. Type 3 adenylyl cyclase in the main olfactory epithelium participates in depression-like and anxiety-like behaviours. J Affect Disord 2020; 268:28-38. [PMID: 32158004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficiency of olfaction is thought to be associated with depression, and type 3 adenylyl cyclase (AC3) genetic knockout and forebrain knockout mice show depression-like behaviours. AC3 is expressed in the main olfactory epithelium (MOE) and hippocampus, which plays an important role in olfactory signal transduction. However, it is unclear whether AC3 in the MOE also plays a role in the pathogenesis of depression. Thus, we aimed to study the relationship between AC3 in the MOE and the pathogenesis of depression. METHODS We obtained anosmic mice by intranasal perfusion of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) (ZnSO4 mice), and distinctively knocked down AC3 in the MOE (AC3KD/MOE mice) by CRISPR/cas9 technology. Behavioural tests related to depression and anxiety were employed to evaluate the depression- and anxiety-like behaviours of mice. The mRNA and protein expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine receptors (Drds), and N-Methyl D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (GluN2B) in the hippocampus of mice were investigated by qPCR and western blotting to explore the mechanism of depression and anxiety caused by AC3 in the MOE, preliminarily. RESULTS Compared with NaCl mice, ZnSO4 mice exhibited depression-like behaviours in tail suspension tests (TST), forced swimming tests, and social (FST) interaction tests (SIT), but showed no anxiety-like behaviours in anxiety-related behavioural tests. The mRNA and protein expressions of Drd3 and GluN2B in the hippocampus of ZnSO4 mice were significantly downregulated. Compared with the negative control mice (NC mice), AC3KD / MOE mice showed depression-like behaviours in TST, FST, and SIT tests, anxiety-like behaviours in light/dark transition test, elevated-plus maze test, and novelty-suppressed feeding test. The protein expressions of Drd3, TH, and GluN2B were significantly downregulated in the hippocampus. LIMITATIONS We did not further demonstrate that AC3 in the MOE causes depression through the dopaminergic nervous system with dopamine or dopamine receptor agonists. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that intranasal infusion of ZnSO4 can cause depression-like behaviours and has no effect on anxiety-like behaviours. Specific knockdown of AC3 in the MOE can cause depression-like and anxiety-like behaviours. The behavioural changes caused by intranasal ZnSO4 and specific knockdown of AC3 in the MOE can be related to the significant downregulation of dopaminergic system and GluN2B expressions in the hippocampus of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxia Liu
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Medical College, Hebei University, 071000 Baoding, China
| | - Yanfen Zhou
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Shujuan Li
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Dong Yang
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Mingming Jiao
- Medical College, Hebei University, 071000 Baoding, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Medical College, Hebei University, 071000 Baoding, China
| | - Zhenshan Wang
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
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Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn Stems (Hegeng) Improved Depression Behavior in CUMS Mice by Regulating NCAM and GAP-43 Expression. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3056954. [PMID: 32308703 PMCID: PMC7149381 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3056954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn stem (Hegeng [HG]) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat mental symptoms in East Asia. However, scientific evidence is generally lacking to support this traditional claim. Aim of the Study. This study's aim is to investigate the antidepression effect of HG and to further explore the possible molecular mechanisms that are involved in its actions. Materials and Methods. HG aqueous extract was administered intragastrically for 21 days after the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) procedure, and its effect on memory, learning, and emotion was assessed using animal behavioral tests. HG aqueous extract was characterized using HPLC. Immunofluorescence was used to measure the neural cell-adhesion molecule (NCAM) and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) expression. Results Depression-like behaviors increased in the CUMS group compared with the control (CON) group, while they were reduced in the high-dose HG (H-HG) and fluoxetine (FLU) groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, NCAM and GAP-43 expression was reduced in the CUMS group compared with the CON group, but it increased in the H-HG and FLU groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions These findings show the potential antidepressant effects of HG through mechanisms involving regulation of NCAM and GAP-43. This provides a new theoretical basis for its potential application as an antidepressant-like agent.
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