1
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Kan P, Zhu YF, Ma J, Singh G. Computational modeling to study the impact of changes in Nav1.8 sodium channel on neuropathic pain. Front Comput Neurosci 2024; 18:1327986. [PMID: 38784679 PMCID: PMC11111952 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2024.1327986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Nav1.8 expression is restricted to sensory neurons; it was hypothesized that aberrant expression and function of this channel at the site of injury contributed to pathological pain. However, the specific contributions of Nav1.8 to neuropathic pain are not as clear as its role in inflammatory pain. The aim of this study is to understand how Nav1.8 present in peripheral sensory neurons regulate neuronal excitability and induce various electrophysiological features on neuropathic pain. Methods To study the effect of changes in sodium channel Nav1.8 kinetics, Hodgkin-Huxley type conductance-based models of spiking neurons were constructed using the NEURON v8.2 simulation software. We constructed a single-compartment model of neuronal soma that contained Nav1.8 channels with the ionic mechanisms adapted from some existing small DRG neuron models. We then validated and compared the model with our experimental data from in vivo recordings on soma of small dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons in animal models of neuropathic pain (NEP). Results We show that Nav1.8 is an important parameter for the generation and maintenance of abnormal neuronal electrogenesis and hyperexcitability. The typical increased excitability seen is dominated by a left shift in the steady state of activation of this channel and is further modulated by this channel's maximum conductance and steady state of inactivation. Therefore, modified action potential shape, decreased threshold, and increased repetitive firing of sensory neurons in our neuropathic animal models may be orchestrated by these modulations on Nav1.8. Conclusion Computational modeling is a novel strategy to understand the generation of chronic pain. In this study, we highlight that changes to the channel functions of Nav1.8 within the small DRG neuron may contribute to neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kan
- Department of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yong Fang Zhu
- Department of Health Sciences, Redeemer University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Junling Ma
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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2
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Huang J, Chen J, Ma L, Zhu X, Wan L, Li X, Guo C. Analysis of Ionomic Profiles of Spinal Cords in a Rat Model with Bone Cancer Pain. J Pain Res 2024; 17:1531-1545. [PMID: 38682106 PMCID: PMC11055530 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s447282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ionomics is used to study levels of ionome in different states of organisms and their correlations. Bone cancer pain (BCP) severely reduces quality of life of patients or their lifespan. However, the relationship between BCP and ionome remains unclear. Methods The BCP rat model was constructed through inoculation of Walker 256 cells into the left tibia. Von Frey test, whole-cell patch-clamp recording and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technologies were conducted for measuring tactile hypersensitivity, the frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) of neurons of spinal slices, and ionome of spinal cord samples, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to explore ionomic patterns of the spinal cord. Results The BCP rat model was successfully constructed through implantation of Walker 256 cells into the left tibia. The frequency and amplitude of mEPSCs of neurons in the spinal cord slices from the BCP model rats were notably greater than those in the sham control. In terms of ionomics, the spinal cord levels of two macroelements (Ca and S), four microelements (Fe, Mn, Li and Sr) and the toxic element Ti in the BCP group of rats were significantly increased by inoculation of Walker 256 cancer cells, compared to the sham control. In addition, the correlation patterns between the elements were greatly changed between the sham control and BCP groups. PCA showed that inoculation of Walker 256 cells into the tibia altered the overall ionomic profiles of the spinal cord. There was a significant separation trend between the two groups. Conclusion Taken together, inoculation of Walker 256 cells into the left tibia contributes to BCP, which could be closely correlated by some elements. The findings provided novel information on the relationship between the ionome and BCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlu Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiugeng Chen
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xieyi Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Weng HR. Emerging Molecular and Synaptic Targets for the Management of Chronic Pain Caused by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3602. [PMID: 38612414 PMCID: PMC11011483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) frequently experience chronic pain due to the limited effectiveness and safety profiles of current analgesics. Understanding the molecular and synaptic mechanisms underlying abnormal neuronal activation along the pain signaling pathway is essential for developing new analgesics to address SLE-induced chronic pain. Recent studies, including those conducted by our team and others using the SLE animal model (MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice), have unveiled heightened excitability in nociceptive primary sensory neurons within the dorsal root ganglia and increased glutamatergic synaptic activity in spinal dorsal horn neurons, contributing to the development of chronic pain in mice with SLE. Nociceptive primary sensory neurons in lupus animals exhibit elevated resting membrane potentials, and reduced thresholds and rheobases of action potentials. These changes coincide with the elevated production of TNFα and IL-1β, as well as increased ERK activity in the dorsal root ganglion, coupled with decreased AMPK activity in the same region. Dysregulated AMPK activity is linked to heightened excitability in nociceptive sensory neurons in lupus animals. Additionally, the increased glutamatergic synaptic activity in the spinal dorsal horn in lupus mice with chronic pain is characterized by enhanced presynaptic glutamate release and postsynaptic AMPA receptor activation, alongside the reduced activity of glial glutamate transporters. These alterations are caused by the elevated activities of IL-1β, IL-18, CSF-1, and thrombin, and reduced AMPK activities in the dorsal horn. Furthermore, the pharmacological activation of spinal GPR109A receptors in microglia in lupus mice suppresses chronic pain by inhibiting p38 MAPK activity and the production of both IL-1β and IL-18, as well as reducing glutamatergic synaptic activity in the spinal dorsal horn. These findings collectively unveil crucial signaling molecular and synaptic targets for modulating abnormal neuronal activation in both the periphery and spinal dorsal horn, offering insights into the development of analgesics for managing SLE-induced chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Rong Weng
- Department of Basic Sciences, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
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4
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van der Moolen M, Lovera A, Ersoy F, Mommo S, Loskill P, Cesare P. Cancer-mediated axonal guidance of sensory neurons in a microelectrode-based innervation MPS. Biofabrication 2024; 16:025013. [PMID: 38262053 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad218a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the field of microphysiological systems (MPSs), availability of models capable of mimicking the interactions between the nervous system and innervated tissues is still limited. This represents a significant challenge in identifying the underlying processes of various pathological conditions, including neuropathic, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. In this novel study, we introduce a compartmentalized three-dimensional (3D) coculture system that enables physiologically relevant tissue innervation while recording neuronal excitability. By integrating custom microelectrode arrays into tailored glass chips microfabricated via selective laser-etching, we developed an entirely novel class of innervation MPSs (INV-MPS). This INV-MPS allows for manipulation, visualization, and electrophysiological analysis of individual axons innervating complex 3D tissues. Here, we focused on sensory innervation of 3D tumor tissue as a model case study since cancer-induced pain represents a major unmet medical need. The system was compared with existing nociception models and successfully replicated axonal chemoattraction mediated by nerve growth factor (NGF). Remarkably, in the absence of NGF, 3D cancer spheroids cocultured in the adjacent compartment induced sensory neurons to consistently cross the separating barrier and establish fine innervation. Moreover, we observed that crossing sensory fibers could be chemically excited by distal application of known pain-inducing agonists only when cocultured with cancer cells. To our knowledge, this is the first system showcasing morphological and electrophysiological analysis of 3D-innervated tumor tissuein vitro, paving the way for a plethora of studies into innervation-related diseases and improving our understanding of underlying pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs van der Moolen
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- Department for Microphysiological Systems, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Österbergstr. 3, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Lovera
- FEMTOprint SA, Via Industria 3, 6933 Muzzano, Switzerland
| | - Fulya Ersoy
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- Department for Microphysiological Systems, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Österbergstr. 3, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sacha Mommo
- FEMTOprint SA, Via Industria 3, 6933 Muzzano, Switzerland
| | - Peter Loskill
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- Department for Microphysiological Systems, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Österbergstr. 3, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Paolo Cesare
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- Department for Microphysiological Systems, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Österbergstr. 3, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
- Current address: Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, via Volta 13A, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
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5
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Yang L, Liu B, Zheng S, Xu L, Yao M. Understanding the initiation, delivery and processing of bone cancer pain from the peripheral to the central nervous system. Neuropharmacology 2023; 237:109641. [PMID: 37392821 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Bone cancer pain is a complex condition characterized by persistent, sudden, spontaneous pain accompanied by hyperalgesia that typically arises from bone metastases or primary bone tumors, causing severe discomfort and significantly diminishing cancer patients' quality of life and confidence in their ability to overcome the disease. It is widely known that peripheral nerves are responsible for detecting harmful stimuli, which are then transmitted to the brain via the spinal cord, resulting in the perception of pain. In the case of bone cancer, tumors and stromal cells within the bone marrow release various chemical signals, including inflammatory factors, colony-stimulating factors, chemokines, and hydrogen ions. Consequently, the nociceptors located at the nerve endings within the bone marrow sense these chemical signals, generating electrical signals that are then transmitted to the brain through the spinal cord. Subsequently, the brain processes these electrical signals in a complex manner to create the sensation of bone cancer pain. Numerous studies have investigated the transmission of bone cancer pain from the periphery to the spinal cord. However, the processing of pain information induced by bone cancer within the brain remains unclear. With the continuous advancements in brain science and technology, the brain mechanism of bone cancer pain would become more clearly understood. Herein, we focus on summarizing the peripheral nerve perception of the spinal cord transmission of bone cancer pain and provide a brief overview of the ongoing research regarding the brain mechanisms involved in bone cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 Zhong-Huan-Nan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 Zhong-Huan-Nan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Shang Zheng
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 Zhong-Huan-Nan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Longsheng Xu
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 Zhong-Huan-Nan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 Zhong-Huan-Nan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
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6
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Zhu YF, Kan P, Singh G. Differences and Similarities in Spontaneous Activity Between Animal Models of Cancer-Induced Pain and Neuropathic Pain. J Pain Res 2022; 15:3179-3187. [PMID: 36258759 PMCID: PMC9572504 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s383373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical data on cancer-induced pain (CIP) demonstrate widespread changes in sensory function. It is characterized in humans not only by stimulus-invoked pain, but also by spontaneous pain. In our previous studies in an animal model of CIP, we observed changes in intrinsic membrane properties and excitability of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons corresponding to mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia, of which abnormal activities of Aβ-fiber sensory neurons are consistent in a rat model of peripheral neuropathic pain (NEP). Objective To investigate whether there are related peripheral neural mechanisms between the CIP and NEP models of spontaneous pain, we compared the electrophysiological properties of DRG sensory neurons at 2–3 weeks after CIP and NEP model induction. Methods CIP models were induced with metastasis tumour-1 rat breast cancer cells implanted into the distal epiphysis of the femur. NEP models were induced with a polyethylene cuff implanted around the sciatic nerve. Spontaneous pain in animals is measured by spontaneous foot lifting (SFL). After measurement of SFL, the animals were prepared for electrophysiological recordings of spontaneous activity (SA) in DRG neurons in vivo. Results Our data showed that SFL and SA occurred in both models. The proportion of SFL and SA of C-fiber sensory neurons in CIP was more significantly increased than in NEP models. There was no difference in duration of SFL and the rate of SA between the two models. The duration of SFL is related to the rate of SA in C-fiber in both models. Conclusion Thus, SFL may result from SA activity in C-fiber neurons in CIP and NEP rats. The differences and similarities in spontaneous pain between CIP and NEP rats is related to the proportion and rate of SA in C-fibers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fang Zhu
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Kan
- Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Correspondence: Gurmit Singh, Email
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7
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Zhu YF, Linher-Melville K, Wu J, Fazzari J, Miladinovic T, Ungard R, Zhu KL, Singh G. Bone cancer-induced pain is associated with glutamate signalling in peripheral sensory neurons. Mol Pain 2021; 16:1744806920911536. [PMID: 32133928 PMCID: PMC7059229 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920911536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously identified that several cancer cell lines known to induce
nociception in mouse models release glutamate in vitro. Although the mechanisms
of glutamatergic signalling have been characterized primarily in the central
nervous system, its importance in the peripheral nervous system has been
recognized in various pathologies, including cancer pain. We therefore
investigated the effect of glutamate on intracellular electrophysiological
characteristics of peripheral sensory neurons in an immunocompetent rat model of
cancer-induced pain based on surgical implantation of mammary rat metastasis
tumour-1 cells into the distal epiphysis of the right femur. Behavioural
evidence of nociception was detected using von Frey tactile assessment. Activity
of sensory neurons was measured by intracellular electrophysiological recordings
in vivo. Glutamate receptor expression at the mRNA level in relevant dorsal root
ganglia was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using
rat-specific primers. Nociceptive and non-nociceptive mechanoreceptor neurons
exhibiting changes in neural firing patterns associated with increased
nociception due to the presence of a bone tumour rapidly responded to
sulphasalazine injection, an agent that pharmacologically blocks non-vesicular
glutamate release by inhibiting the activity of the system
xC− antiporter. In addition, both types of
mechanoreceptor neurons demonstrated excitation in response to intramuscular
glutamate injection near the femoral head, which corresponds to the location of
cancer cell injection to induce the bone cancer-induced pain model. Therefore,
glutamatergic signalling contributes to cancer pain and may be a factor in
peripheral sensitization and induced tactile hypersensitivity associated with
bone cancer-induced pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fang Zhu
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Katja Linher-Melville
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jianhan Wu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Fazzari
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tanya Miladinovic
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Ungard
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kan Lun Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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8
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de Clauser L, Luiz AP, Santana-Varela S, Wood JN, Sikandar S. Sensitization of Cutaneous Primary Afferents in Bone Cancer Revealed by In Vivo Calcium Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123491. [PMID: 33255209 PMCID: PMC7760605 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer-induced bone pain severely impairs the quality of life of cancer patients, many of whom suffer from inadequate pain relief. The development of new analgesic therapies depends on the identification of the cells and mechanisms involved in cancer-induced bone pain. Bone marrow innervating sensory neurons have been proposed to contribute to this debilitating disease, but their role remains unexplored. Here we used in vivo calcium imaging to determine the functional role of bone innervating and skin innervating neurons in contributing to pain at an advanced stage of bone cancer. Our results indicate increased excitability of skin innervating neurons, while those innervating bone are unaffected. Our data suggests skin-innervating neurons become hyperexcitable in cancer-induced bone pain and are a potential target for pain relief. Abstract Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is a complex condition, comprising components of inflammatory and neuropathic processes, but changes in the physiological response profiles of bone-innervating and cutaneous afferents remain poorly understood. We used a combination of retrograde labelling and in vivo calcium imaging of bone marrow-innervating dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons to determine the contribution of these cells in the maintenance of CIBP. We found a majority of femoral bone afferent cell bodies in L3 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) that also express the sodium channel subtype Nav1.8—a marker of nociceptive neurons—and lack expression of parvalbumin—a marker for proprioceptive primary afferents. Surprisingly, the response properties of bone marrow afferents to both increased intraosseous pressure and acid were unchanged by the presence of cancer. On the other hand, we found increased excitability and polymodality of cutaneous afferents innervating the ipsilateral paw in cancer bearing animals, as well as a behavioural phenotype that suggests changes at the level of the DRG contribute to secondary hypersensitivity. This study demonstrates that cutaneous afferents at distant sites from the tumour bearing tissue contribute to mechanical hypersensitivity, highlighting these cells as targets for analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa de Clauser
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (L.d.C.); (A.P.L.); (S.S.-V.); (J.N.W.)
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Ana P. Luiz
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (L.d.C.); (A.P.L.); (S.S.-V.); (J.N.W.)
| | - Sonia Santana-Varela
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (L.d.C.); (A.P.L.); (S.S.-V.); (J.N.W.)
| | - John N. Wood
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (L.d.C.); (A.P.L.); (S.S.-V.); (J.N.W.)
| | - Shafaq Sikandar
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (L.d.C.); (A.P.L.); (S.S.-V.); (J.N.W.)
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Correspondence:
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9
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Braun HA. What can we learn from mixed neuroglial primary cultures about the impact of inflammation on the afferent somatosensory system? Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:1659-1660. [PMID: 33084989 PMCID: PMC7691305 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Albert Braun
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Philipps University of Marburg, Deutschhausstrasse 2, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
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10
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Ungard RG, Zhu YF, Yang S, Nakhla P, Parzei N, Zhu KL, Singh G. Response to pregabalin and progesterone differs in male and female rat models of neuropathic and cancer pain. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PAIN-REVUE CANADIENNE DE LA DOULEUR 2020; 4:39-58. [PMID: 33987485 PMCID: PMC7951160 DOI: 10.1080/24740527.2020.1724776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cancer pain involves nervous system damage and pathological neurogenesis. Neuropathic pain arises from damage to the nervous system and is driven by ectopic signaling. Both progesterone and pregabalin are neuroprotective in animal models, and there is evidence that both drugs bind to and inhibit voltage-gated calcium channels. Aims: This study was designed to characterize the effects of progesterone and pregabalin in preclinical models of cancer and neuropathic pain in both sexes. Methods: We measured peripheral sensory signaling by intracellular in vivo electrophysiology and behavioral indicators of pain in rat models of cancer-induced bone pain and neuropathic pain. Results: Female but not male models of cancer pain showed a behavioral response to treatment and pregabalin reduced excitability in C and A high-threshold but not low-threshold sensory neurons of both sexes. Male models of neuropathic pain treated with pregabalin demonstrated higher signaling thresholds only in A high-threshold neurons, and behavioral data indicated a clear recovery to baseline mechanical withdrawal thresholds in all treatment groups. Female rat treatment groups did not show excitability changes in sensory neurons, but all demonstrated higher mechanical withdrawal thresholds than vehicle-treated females, although not to baseline levels. Athymic female rat models of neuropathic pain showed no behavioral or electrophysiological responses to treatment. Conclusions: Both pregabalin and progesterone showed evidence of efficacy in male models of neuropathic pain. These results add to the evidence demonstrating differential effects of treatments for pain in male and female animals and widely differing responses in models of cancer and neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Ungard
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yong Fang Zhu
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Yang
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Nakhla
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natalka Parzei
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kan Lun Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Linher-Melville K, Singh G. Evaluating the efficacy of cannabidiol to manage surgically induced neuropathic pain in a preclinical rat model: Are T cells a sexually dimorphic target? Can J Pain 2019; 3:44-48. [PMID: 35005418 PMCID: PMC8730578 DOI: 10.1080/24740527.2019.1612235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Considering the poorly understood etiology and complex symptoms of chronic neuropathic pain (NP), the lack of effective treatments, and sex-dependent differences in the neuroimmune system as well as in antinociceptive responses to existing pharmacological agents, the potential to therapeutically target the endocannabinoid system as a means of treating this type of intractable pain is clinically relevant and timely. Chronic NP may involve the utilization of distinct immune cell populations in males and females that differentially affect supraspinal and spinal neuromodulation. It is therefore important to investigate the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on chronic NP-induced nociceptive responses in both sexes. Aims: Evaluating whether the expression of markers associated with CD4+ T cells are affected by CBD in a sexually dimorphic manner will provide key insights into the contribution of these adaptive immune cells to the onset and progression of NP. Methods: Future research will be directed toward examining the potential sex-dependent effects of this nonpsychotropic cannabinoid relative to vehicle in a preclinical model of chronic postsurgical NP. Specifically, (1) differences in nociceptive behavior, (2) chronic changes in neural firing patterns, and (3) up- or downregulation of markers associated with CD4+ T cells in relevant tissues will be evaluated to better understand CBD-mediated neuroimmune modulatory effects in males and females. Conclusions: Chronic postsurgical pain is a growing clinical problem. Current treatment strategies rely on opioid-based therapeutics, which affect patient quality of life and are associated with addiction and withdrawal. Treatment of nerve injuries with CBD could provide an effective alternative to manage NP. Understanding its mechanisms of action will provide important insights into the sex-dependent application of this nonpsychoactive cannabinoid, setting the groundwork for large-scale Canadian clinical trials in women and men presenting with chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Linher-Melville
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - G. Singh
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Spinal microglia contribute to cancer-induced pain through system x C --mediated glutamate release. Pain Rep 2019; 4:e738. [PMID: 31583353 PMCID: PMC6749914 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Microglial cells, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, are a key contributor to the generation and maintenance of cancer-induced pain (CIP). In healthy organisms, activated microglia promote recovery through the release of trophic and anti-inflammatory factors to clear toxins and pathogens and support neuronal survival. Chronically activated microglia, however, release toxic substances, including excess glutamate, causing cytotoxicity. Accordingly, rising attention is given to microglia for their role in abnormal physiology and in mediating neurotoxicity. Objectives: To examine the nociceptive relationship between peripherally-released glutamate and microglial xCT. Methods: A validated murine model of 4T1 carcinoma cell–induced nociception was used to assess the effect of peripheral tumour on spinal microglial activation and xCT expression. Coculture systems were then used to investigate the direct effect of glutamate released by wildtype and xCT knockdown MDA-MB-231 carcinoma cells on microglial activation, functional system xC− activity, and protein levels of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), a transcription factor implicated in microglia-mediated nociception. Results: Blockade of system xC− with sulfasalazine (SSZ) in vivo attenuated nociception in a 4T1 murine model of CIP and attenuates tumour-induced microglial activation in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Furthermore, knockdown of xCT in MDA-MB-231 cells mitigated tumour cell–induced microglial activation and functional system xC− activity in vitro. Conclusions: These data collectively demonstrate that the system xCT antiporter is functionally implicated in CIP and may be particularly relevant to pain progression through microglia. Upregulated xCT in chronically activated spinal microglia may be one pathway to central glutamate cytotoxicity. Microglial xCT may therefore be a valuable target for mitigating CIP.
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13
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Ungard RG, Linher-Melville K, Nashed MG, Sharma M, Wen J, Singh G. xCT knockdown in human breast cancer cells delays onset of cancer-induced bone pain. Mol Pain 2019; 15:1744806918822185. [PMID: 30799686 PMCID: PMC6329019 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918822185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers in the bone produce a number of severe symptoms including pain that compromises patient functional status, quality of life, and survival. The source of this pain is multifaceted and includes factors secreted from tumor cells. Malignant cells release the neurotransmitter and cell-signaling molecule glutamate via the oxidative stress-related cystine/glutamate antiporter, system xC-, which reciprocally imports cystine for synthesis of glutathione and the cystine/cysteine redox cycle. Pharmacological inhibition of system xC- has shown success in reducing and delaying the onset of cancer pain-related behavior in mouse models. This investigation describes the development of a stable siRNA-induced knockdown of the functional trans-membrane system xC- subunit xCT ( SLC7A11) in the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Clones were verified for xCT knockdown at the transcript, protein, and functional levels. RNAseq was performed on a representative clone to comprehensively examine the transcriptional cellular signature in response to xCT knockdown, identifying multiple differentially regulated factors relevant to cancer pain including nerve growth factor, interleukin-1, and colony-stimulating factor-1. Mice were inoculated intrafemorally and recordings of pain-related behaviors including weight bearing, mechanical withdrawal, and limb use were performed. Animals implanted with xCT knockdown cancer cells displayed a delay until the onset of nociceptive behaviors relative to control cells. These results add to the body of evidence suggesting that a reduction in glutamate release from cancers in bone by inhibition of the system xC- transporter may decrease the severe and intractable pain associated with bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Ungard
- 1 Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katja Linher-Melville
- 1 Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mina G. Nashed
- 1 Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manu Sharma
- 1 Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jianping Wen
- 2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- 1 Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Zhu YF, Kwiecien JM, Dabrowski W, Ungard R, Zhu KL, Huizinga JD, Henry JL, Singh G. Cancer pain and neuropathic pain are associated with A β sensory neuronal plasticity in dorsal root ganglia and abnormal sprouting in lumbar spinal cord. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918810099. [PMID: 30324862 PMCID: PMC6243409 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918810099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that there are both nociceptive and neuropathic components of cancer-induced pain. We have observed that changes in intrinsic membrane properties and excitability of normally non-nociceptive Aβ sensory neurons are consistent in rat models of peripheral neuropathic pain and cancer-induced pain. This has prompted a comparative investigation of the intracellular electrophysiological characteristics of sensory neurons and of the ultrastructural morphology of the dorsal horn in rat models of neuropathic pain and cancer-induced pain. Neuropathic pain model rats were induced with a polyethylene cuff implanted around a sciatic nerve. Cancer-induced pain model rats were induced with mammary rat metastasis tumour-1 rat breast cancer or MATLyLu rat prostate cancer cells implanted into the distal epiphysis of a femur. Behavioural evidence of nociception was detected using von Frey tactile assessment. Aβ-fibre low threshold mechanoreceptor neurons in both cancer-induced pain and neuropathic pain models exhibited slower dynamics of action potential genesis, including a wider action potential duration and lower action potential amplitude compared to those in control animals. Enhanced excitability of Aβ-fibre low threshold mechanoreceptor neurons was also observed in cancer-induced pain and neuropathic pain models. Furthermore, both cancer-induced pain and neuropathic pain models showed abundant abnormal axonal sprouting in bundles of myelinated axons in the ipsilateral spinal laminae IV and V. The patterns of changes show consistency between rat models of cancer-induced pain and neuropathic pain. These findings add to the body of evidence that animal models of cancer-induced pain and neuropathic pain share features that may contribute to the peripheral and central sensitization and tactile hypersensitivity in both pain states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fang Zhu
- 1 Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jacek M Kwiecien
- 2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,3 Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dabrowski
- 4 Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert Ungard
- 1 Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kan Lun Zhu
- 2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jan D Huizinga
- 5 Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - James L Henry
- 6 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- 1 Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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15
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Li P, Zhang Q, Xiao Z, Yu S, Yan Y, Qin Y. Activation of the P2X 7 receptor in midbrain periaqueductal gray participates in the analgesic effect of tramadol in bone cancer pain rats. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918803039. [PMID: 30198382 PMCID: PMC6176534 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918803039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer pain is a well-known serious complication in metastatic or terminal cancer patients. Current pain management remains unsatisfactory. The activation of spinal and supraspinal P2X7 receptors plays a crucial role in the induction and maintenance mechanisms of various kinds of acute or chronic pain. The midbrain periaqueductal gray is a vital supraspinal site of the endogenous descending pain-modulating system. Tramadol is a synthetic, centrally acting analgesic agent that exhibits considerable efficacy in clinically relieving pain. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the activation of P2X7 receptor in the ventrolateral region of the periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) participates in the analgesic mechanisms of tramadol on bone cancer pain in rats. The bone cancer pain rat model was established by intratibial cell inoculation of SHZ-88 mammary gland carcinoma cells. The analgesic effects of different doses of tramadol (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) were assessed by measuring the mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency values in rats by using an electronic von Frey anesthesiometer and radiant heat stimulation, respectively. Alterations in the number of P2X7 receptor-positive cells and P2X7 protein levels in vlPAG were separately detected by using immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay. The effect of intra-vlPAG injection of A-740003 (100 nmol), a selective competitive P2X7 receptor antagonist, on the analgesic effect of tramadol was also observed. Results The expression of P2X7 receptor in the vlPAG on bone cancer pain rats was mildly elevated, and the tramadol (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) dose dependently relieved pain-related behaviors in bone cancer pain rats and further upregulated the expression of P2X7 receptor in the vlPAG. The intra-vlPAG injection of A-740003 pretreatment partly but significantly antagonized the analgesic effect of tramadol on bone cancer pain rats. Conclusions The injection of tramadol can dose dependently elicit analgesic effect on bone cancer pain rats by promoting the expression of the P2X7 receptor in vlPAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengtao Li
- 1 Graduate School, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- 2 Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,3 Research Center for Medicine and Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhi Xiao
- 2 Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,3 Research Center for Medicine and Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shouyang Yu
- 2 Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Yan
- 2 Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,3 Research Center for Medicine and Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Qin
- 3 Research Center for Medicine and Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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16
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Hou X, Weng Y, Wang T, Ouyang B, Li Y, Song Z, Pan Y, Zhang Z, Zou W, Huang C, Guo Q. Suppression of HDAC2 in Spinal Cord Alleviates Mechanical Hyperalgesia and Restores KCC2 Expression in a Rat Model of Bone Cancer Pain. Neuroscience 2018; 377:138-149. [PMID: 29482000 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modulation participates in the mechanism of multiple types of pathological pain, so targeting the involved regulators may be a promising strategy for pain treatment. Our previous research identified the analgesic effect of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) on mechanical hyperalgesia in a rat model of bone cancer pain (BCP) via restoration of μ-opioid receptor (MOR) expression. However, the specific types of HDACs contributing to BCP have not been explored. The present study investigated the expression pattern of some common HDACs and found that HDAC2 was up-regulated in a time-dependent manner in the lumbar spinal cord of BCP rats. TSA application suppressed HDAC2 expression in cultured PC12 cells and reversed the augmented HDAC2 in BCP rats. An RNA-interfering strategy confirmed the essential role of HDAC2 in the modulation of mechanical hyperalgesia following tumor cell inoculation, and we further examined its possible downstream targets. Notably, HDAC2 knock-down did not restore MOR expression, but it robustly reversed the down-regulation of potassium-chloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2). The impaired KCC2 expression is a vital mechanism of many types of pathological pain. Therefore, our results demonstrated that HDAC2 in spinal cord contributed to the mechanical hyperalgesia in BCP rats, and this effect may be associated with KCC2 modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yingqi Weng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Tongxuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Bihan Ouyang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yalin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zongbin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yundan Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Wangyuan Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Changsheng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
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17
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Sevimli R, Korkmaz MF. Analysis of orthopedic surgery of patients with metastatic bone tumors and pathological fractures. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:3262-3267. [PMID: 29690812 PMCID: PMC6134675 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518770958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was performed to determine the most common causes, locations, and treatments of metastasizing primary tumors through evaluation of patients with metastatic bone tumors who were admitted to our clinic. Methods In total, 96 patients with metastatic bone tumors who were admitted to our clinic from 2000 to 2016 were included in the study. Results The breast (30 patients, 31.3%) and lung (18 patients, 18.8%) were the most commonly metastasized primary organs. The femur was the most commonly metastasized bone. Conclusions Bone tumors in patients of advanced age are, unless otherwise proven, considered to be metastatic, and the development of specific diagnostic and treatment algorithms is needed. Clinicians should attempt to improve the general condition of patients with tumors exhibiting bone metastasis to increase the patients’ quality of life by providing early mobilization. Thus, appropriate patient selection and proper internal fixation are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resit Sevimli
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Inonu University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fatih Korkmaz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Inonu University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
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18
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Kong X, Wei J, Wang D, Zhu X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Xu GY, Jiang GQ. Upregulation of Spinal Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 Contributes to Bone Cancer Pain Hypersensitivity in Rats. Neurosci Bull 2017; 33:711-721. [PMID: 29196874 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-017-0195-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) is thought to contribute to the progression of tumor development. However, whether VDAC1 contributes to bone cancer pain remains unknown. In this study, we found that the expression of VDAC1 was upregulated in the L2-5 segments of the spinal dorsal horn at 2 and 3 weeks after injection of tumor cells into the tibial cavity. Intrathecal injection of a VDAC1 inhibitor significantly reversed the pain hypersensitivity and reduced the over-expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Intrathecal injection of minocycline, an inhibitor of microglia, also attenuated the pain hypersensitivity of rat models of bone cancer pain. These results suggest that VDAC1 plays a significant role in the development of complicated cancer pain, possibly by regulating the expression of TLR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jinrong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Diyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoju Zhu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Youlang Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shusheng Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China.
| | - Guo-Qin Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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19
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Rat model of cancer-induced bone pain: changes in nonnociceptive sensory neurons in vivo. Pain Rep 2017; 2:e603. [PMID: 29392218 PMCID: PMC5741358 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonnociceptive sensory neurons relate to transient episodes of intense pain that characterize neuropathic pain. They are involved in the peripheral sensitization and tactile hypersensitivity. Introduction: Clinical data on cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) suggest extensive changes in sensory function. In a previous investigation of an animal model of CIBP, we have observed that changes in intrinsic membrane properties and excitability of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) nociceptive neurons correspond to mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia. Objectives: To investigate the mechanisms underlying changes in nonnociceptive sensory neurons in this model, we have compared the electrophysiological properties of primary nonnociceptive sensory neurons at <1 and >2 weeks after CIBP model induction with properties in sham control animals. Methods: Copenhagen rats were injected with 106 MAT-LyLu rat prostate cancer cells into the distal femur epiphysis to generate a model of CIBP. After von Frey tactile measurement of mechanical withdrawal thresholds, the animals were prepared for acute electrophysiological recordings of mechanically sensitive neurons in the DRG in vivo. Results: The mechanical withdrawal threshold progressively decreased in CIBP model rats. At <1 week after model induction, there were no changes observed in nonnociceptive Aβ-fiber DRG neurons between CIBP model rats and sham rats. However, at >2 weeks, the Aβ-fiber low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMs) in CIBP model rats exhibited a slowing of the dynamics of action potential (AP) genesis, including wider AP duration and lower AP amplitude compared with sham rats. Furthermore, enhanced excitability of Aβ-fiber LTM neurons was observed as an excitatory discharge in response to intracellular injection of depolarizing current into the soma. Conclusion: After induction of the CIBP model, Aβ-fiber LTMs at >2 weeks but not <1 week had undergone changes in electrophysiological properties. Importantly, changes observed are consistent with observations in models of peripheral neuropathy. Thus, Aβ-fiber nonnociceptive primary sensory neurons might be involved in the peripheral sensitization and tumor-induced tactile hypersensitivity in CIBP.
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