1
|
Su TF, Hamilton JD, Guo Y, Potas JR, Shivdasani MN, Moalem-Taylor G, Fridman GY, Aplin FP. Peripheral direct current reduces naturally evoked nociceptive activity at the spinal cord in rodent models of pain. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:026044. [PMID: 38579742 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad3b6c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Electrical neuromodulation is an established non-pharmacological treatment for chronic pain. However, existing devices using pulsatile stimulation typically inhibit pain pathways indirectly and are not suitable for all types of chronic pain. Direct current (DC) stimulation is a recently developed technology which affects small-diameter fibres more strongly than pulsatile stimulation. Since nociceptors are predominantly small-diameter Aδand C fibres, we investigated if this property could be applied to preferentially reduce nociceptive signalling.Approach.We applied a DC waveform to the sciatic nerve in rats of both sexes and recorded multi-unit spinal activity evoked at the hindpaw using various natural stimuli corresponding to different sensory modalities rather than broad-spectrum electrical stimulus. To determine if DC neuromodulation is effective across different types of chronic pain, tests were performed in models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain.Main results.We found that in both pain models tested, DC application reduced responses evoked by noxious stimuli, as well as tactile-evoked responses which we suggest may be involved in allodynia. Different spinal activity of different modalities were reduced in naïve animals compared to the pain models, indicating that physiological changes such as those mediated by disease states could play a larger role than previously thought in determining neuromodulation outcomes.Significance.Our findings support the continued development of DC neuromodulation as a method for reduction of nociceptive signalling, and suggests that it may be effective at treating a broader range of aberrant pain conditions than existing devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom F Su
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jack D Hamilton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yiru Guo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason R Potas
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Eccles Institute, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Mohit N Shivdasani
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gila Moalem-Taylor
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gene Y Fridman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Felix P Aplin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim HW, Shim SW, Zhao AM, Roh D, Han HM, Middleton SJ, Kim W, Chung S, Johnson E, Prentice J, Tacon M, Koel-Simmelink MJ, Wieske L, Teunissen CE, Bae YC, Bennett DL, Rinaldi S, Davies AJ, Oh SB. Long-term tactile hypersensitivity after nerve crush injury in mice is characterized by the persistence of intact sensory axons. Pain 2023; 164:2327-2342. [PMID: 37366595 PMCID: PMC10502897 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Traumatic peripheral nerve injuries are at high risk of neuropathic pain for which novel effective therapies are urgently needed. Preclinical models of neuropathic pain typically involve irreversible ligation and/or nerve transection (neurotmesis). However, translation of findings to the clinic has so far been unsuccessful, raising questions on injury model validity and clinically relevance. Traumatic nerve injuries seen in the clinic commonly result in axonotmesis (ie, crush), yet the neuropathic phenotype of "painful" nerve crush injuries remains poorly understood. We report the neuropathology and sensory symptoms of a focal nerve crush injury using custom-modified hemostats resulting in either complete ("full") or incomplete ("partial") axonotmesis in adult mice. Assays of thermal and mechanically evoked pain-like behavior were paralleled by transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and anatomical tracing of the peripheral nerve. In both crush models, motor function was equally affected early after injury; by contrast, partial crush of the nerve resulted in the early return of pinprick sensitivity, followed by a transient thermal and chronic tactile hypersensitivity of the affected hind paw, which was not observed after a full crush injury. The partially crushed nerve was characterized by the sparing of small-diameter myelinated axons and intraepidermal nerve fibers, fewer dorsal root ganglia expressing the injury marker activating transcription factor 3, and lower serum levels of neurofilament light chain. By day 30, axons showed signs of reduced myelin thickness. In summary, the escape of small-diameter axons from Wallerian degeneration is likely a determinant of chronic pain pathophysiology distinct from the general response to complete nerve injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Woo Kim
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wook Shim
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Mae Zhao
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dahee Roh
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Han
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Steven J. Middleton
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wheedong Kim
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sena Chung
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Errin Johnson
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John Prentice
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Tacon
- Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marleen J.A. Koel-Simmelink
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luuk Wieske
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yong Chul Bae
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - David L.H. Bennett
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Rinaldi
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J. Davies
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Seog Bae Oh
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pourshahidi S, Shamshiri AR, Derakhshan S, Mohammadi S, Ghorbani M. The Effect of Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Animal Models: A Systematic Review. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03911-1. [PMID: 37037995 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03911-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathies caused by the peripheral nervous system (PNS) damage can occur due to trauma and other disorders. They present as altered sensation, weakness, autonomic symptoms, and debilitating pain syndrome with a wide range of clinical signs. Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) is a biological compound with essential roles in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and anti-oxidant effects that protects mitochondria from oxidative damage and inhibits apoptosis caused by mitochondrial damage. This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of ALCAR on peripheral nerve injuries. This review examines studies on treating traumatic peripheral neuropathies in which ALCAR is administered to rats with sciatic nerve injury with an appropriate control group. The articles were divided based on the mode of ALCAR administration. If one method was used in more than one article, their results were entered in the "Revman5.4" software and were meta-analyzed. Studies were selected from 1994 to 2018 on rats with varying physical injuries to their sciatic nerves. In one study, ALCAR was provided to rats in their drinking water, while in other studies, ALCAR was injected intra-peritoneally. Different mechanisms of ALCAR actions have been suggested in this study, but the underpinnings of the neuroprotective effects of ALCAR are still unclear. Further studies are mandatory to clarify the actual mechanisms of the neuroprotective activity of ALCAR. Based on the results of existing studies, ALCAR effectively increases the tolerance threshold of thermal and mechanical stimuli, reduces latency, and reduces apoptosis; finally, adjusting the dose and duration of administration may increase the dose and duration axon diameter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pourshahidi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Shamshiri
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Derakhshan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Preclinical Imaging Group, Preclinical Core Facility, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Mohammadi
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghorbani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li YK, Zhang YY, Lin J, Liu YJ, Li YL, Feng YH, Zhao JS, Zhou C, Liu F, Shen JF. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5-mediated inhibition of inward-rectifying K + channel 4.1 contributes to orofacial ectopic mechanical allodynia following inferior alveolar nerve transection in male mice. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1170-1187. [PMID: 36807930 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Inward-rectifying K+ channel 4.1 (Kir4.1), which regulates the electrophysiological properties of neurons and glia by affecting K+ homeostasis, plays a critical role in neuropathic pain. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) regulates the expression of Kir4.1 in retinal Müller cells. However, the role of Kir4.1 and its expressional regulatory mechanisms underlying orofacial ectopic allodynia remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the biological roles of Kir4.1 and mGluR5 in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) in orofacial ectopic mechanical allodynia and the role of mGluR5 in Kir4.1 regulation. An animal model of nerve injury was established via inferior alveolar nerve transection (IANX) in male C57BL/6J mice. Behavioral tests indicated that mechanical allodynia in the ipsilateral whisker pad lasted at least 14 days after IANX surgery and was alleviated by the overexpression of Kir4.1 in the TG, as well as intraganglionic injection of an mGluR5 antagonist (MPEP hydrochloride) or a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor (chelerythrine chloride); Conditional knockdown of the Kir4.1 gene downregulated mechanical thresholds in the whisker pad. Double immunostaining revealed that Kir4.1 and mGluR5 were co-expressed in satellite glial cells in the TG. IANX downregulated Kir4.1 and upregulated mGluR5 and phosphorylated PKC (p-PKC) in the TG; Inhibition of mGluR5 reversed the changes in Kir4.1 and p-PKC that were induced by IANX; Inhibition of PKC activation reversed the downregulation of Kir4.1 expression caused by IANX (p < .05). In conclusion, activation of mGluR5 in the TG after IANX contributed to orofacial ectopic mechanical allodynia by suppressing Kir4.1 via the PKC signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Heng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Shuo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie-Fei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kalpachidou T, Malsch P, Qi Y, Mair N, Geley S, Quarta S, Kummer KK, Kress M. Genetic and functional evidence for gp130/IL6ST-induced transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 upregulation in uninjured but not injured neurons in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. Pain 2022; 163:579-589. [PMID: 34252913 PMCID: PMC8832546 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Peripheral nerve injuries result in pronounced alterations in dorsal root ganglia, which can lead to the development of neuropathic pain. Although the polymodal mechanosensitive transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channel is emerging as a relevant target for potential analgesic therapies, preclinical studies do not provide unequivocal mechanistic insight into its relevance for neuropathic pain pathogenesis. By using a transgenic mouse model with a conditional depletion of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) signal transducer gp130 in Nav1.8 expressing neurons (SNS-gp130-/-), we provide a mechanistic regulatory link between IL-6/gp130 and TRPA1 in the spared nerve injury (SNI) model. Spared nerve injury mice developed profound mechanical hypersensitivity as indicated by decreased withdrawal thresholds in the von Frey behavioral test in vivo, as well as a significant increase in mechanosensitivity of unmyelinated nociceptive primary afferents in ex vivo skin-nerve recordings. In contrast to wild type and control gp130fl/fl animals, SNS-gp130-/- mice did not develop mechanical hypersensitivity after SNI and exhibited low levels of Trpa1 mRNA in sensory neurons, which were partially restored by adenoviral gp130 re-expression in vitro. Importantly, uninjured but not injured neurons developed increased responsiveness to the TRPA1 agonist cinnamaldehyde, and neurons derived from SNS-gp130-/- mice after SNI were significantly less responsive to cinnamaldehyde. Our study shows for the first time that TRPA1 upregulation is attributed specifically to uninjured neurons in the SNI model, and this depended on the IL-6 signal transducer gp130. We provide a solution to the enigma of TRPA1 regulation after nerve injury and stress its significance as an important target for neuropathic pain disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Kalpachidou
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Malsch
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yanmei Qi
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Norbert Mair
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephan Geley
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Serena Quarta
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kai K. Kummer
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michaela Kress
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sex-Dependent Reduction in Mechanical Allodynia in the Sural-Sparing Nerve Injury Model in Mice Lacking Merkel Cells. J Neurosci 2021; 41:5595-5619. [PMID: 34031166 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1668-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Innocuous touch sensation is mediated by cutaneous low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs). Aβ slowly adapting type I (SAI) neurons constitute one LTMR subtype that forms synapse-like complexes with associated Merkel cells in the basal skin epidermis. Under healthy conditions, these complexes transduce indentation and pressure stimuli into Aβ SAI LTMR action potentials that are transmitted to the CNS, thereby contributing to tactile sensation. However, it remains unknown whether this complex plays a role in the mechanical hypersensitivity caused by peripheral nerve injury. In this study, we characterized the distribution of Merkel cells and associated afferent neurons across four diverse domains of mouse hind paw skin, including a recently described patch of plantar hairy skin. We also showed that in the spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain, Merkel cells are lost from the denervated tibial nerve territory but are relatively preserved in nearby hairy skin innervated by the spared sural nerve. Using a genetic Merkel cell KO mouse model, we subsequently examined the importance of intact Merkel cell-Aβ complexes to SNI-associated mechanical hypersensitivity in skin innervated by the spared neurons. We found that, in the absence of Merkel cells, mechanical allodynia was partially reduced in male mice, but not female mice, under sural-sparing SNI conditions. Our results suggest that Merkel cell-Aβ afferent complexes partially contribute to mechanical allodynia produced by peripheral nerve injury, and that they do so in a sex-dependent manner.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Merkel discs or Merkel cell-Aβ afferent complexes are mechanosensory end organs in mammalian skin. Yet, it remains unknown whether Merkel cells or their associated sensory neurons play a role in the mechanical hypersensitivity caused by peripheral nerve injury. We found that male mice genetically lacking Merkel cell-Aβ afferent complexes exhibited a reduction in mechanical allodynia after nerve injury. Interestingly, this behavioral phenotype was not observed in mutant female mice. Our study will facilitate understanding of mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain.
Collapse
|
7
|
Weinberg R, Coulombe P, Polydefkis M, Caterina M. Pain mechanisms in hereditary palmoplantar keratodermas. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:543-551. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R.L. Weinberg
- Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 U.S.A
- Department of Biological Chemistry Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 U.S.A
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience Neurosurgery Pain Research Institute Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 U.S.A
| | - P.A. Coulombe
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 U.S.A
- Department of Dermatology University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 U.S.A
| | - M. Polydefkis
- Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 U.S.A
| | - M.J. Caterina
- Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 U.S.A
- Department of Biological Chemistry Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 U.S.A
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience Neurosurgery Pain Research Institute Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu YD, Wang ZB, Han G, Jin L, Zhao P. Hyperbaric oxygen relieves neuropathic pain through AKT/TSC2/mTOR pathway activity to induce autophagy. J Pain Res 2019; 12:443-451. [PMID: 30774414 PMCID: PMC6361320 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s189353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study suggested that HBO treatment attenuated neuropathic pain by inhibiting mTOR to induce autophagy in SNL neuropathic pain model. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of AKT/TSC2/mTOR pathway in SNL and autophagy and determine whether HBO treatment could relieve neuropathic pain via modulating AKT/TSC2/mTOR pathway. Materials and methods Rats were randomly divided into sham, SNL, SNL + HBO treatment, SNL + vehicle, and SNL + AKT inhibitor groups. Neuropathic pain was induced following SNL procedure. Rats in the SNL + HBO group received HBO treatment for 7 consecutive days beginning on postoperative day 1. The SNL + vehicle group received 10 µL of 3% dimethyl sulfoxide in saline. SNL + AKT inhibitor group received 10 µL AKT inhibitor IV intrathecally. Mechanical withdrawal threshold tests were performed to evaluate mechanical hypersensitivity. AKT, p-AKT, TSC2, mTOR, p-mTOR, and LC3-II protein expressions were examined by Western blot analysis. Results HBO reversed AKT/TSC2/mTOR upregulation induced by SNL and attenuated neuropathic pain. Intrathecal injection of AKT inhibitor IV decreased the activity of AKT/TSC2/mTOR pathway and increased LC3-II expression accompanied by analgesic effect in SNL rats. Conclusion Taken together, our findings demonstrated AKT/TSC2/mTOR pathway was activated in SNL-induced neuropathic pain, and HBO treatment attenuated neuropathic pain via neutralizing AKT/TSC2/mTOR pathway activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Da Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China,
| | - Zhi-Bin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China,
| | - Guang Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China,
| | - Li Jin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu CH, Lan CT, Chen LY, Liao WC, Ko MH, Tseng TJ. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in subepidermal nerve fibers mediates hyperalgesia following diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Neurotoxicology 2018; 71:60-74. [PMID: 30583000 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy, a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is often accompanied by the onset of severe pain symptoms that affect quality of life. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, we used Sprague-Dawley rats to establish a rodent model of the human type 1 DM by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg). Hypersensitivity, including hyperalgesia and allodynia, developed in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Cutaneous innervation exhibited STZ-induced reductions of protein gene product 9.5-, peripherin-, and neurofilament 200-immunoreactivity (IR) subepidermal nerve fibers (SENFs). Moreover, the decreases of substance P (SP)- and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-IR SENFs were distinct gathered from the results of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2)- and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2)-IR SENFs in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Double immunofluorescence studies demonstrated that STZ-induced pERK1/2-IR was largely increased in SENFs where only a small portion was colocalized with SP- or CGRP-IR. By an intraplantar (i. pl.) injection with a MEK inhibitor, U0126 (1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis[2-aminophenylthio]butadiene), hyperalgesia was attenuated in a dose-responsive manner. Botulinum toxin serotype A had dose-dependent analgesic effects on STZ-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia, which exhibited equivalent results as the efficacy of transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channel antagonists. Morphological evidence further confirmed that STZ-induced SP-, CGRP- and pERK1/2-IR were reduced in SENFs after pharmacological interventions. From the results obtained in this study, it is suggested that increases of pERK1/2 in SENFs may participate in the modulation of TRPV channel-mediated neurogenic inflammation that triggers hyperalgesia in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Therefore, ERK1/2 provides a potential therapeutic target and efficient pharmacological strategies to address hyperglycemia-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Hui Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chyn-Tair Lan
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Li-You Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chieh Liao
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Miau-Hwa Ko
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - To-Jung Tseng
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qiao Y, Cong M, Li J, Li H, Li Z. The effects of neuregulin-1β on intrafusal muscle fiber formation in neuromuscular coculture of dorsal root ganglion explants and skeletal muscle cells. Skelet Muscle 2018; 8:29. [PMID: 30219099 PMCID: PMC6139134 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-018-0175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The formation of intrafusal muscle (IM) fibers and their contact with afferent proprioceptive axons is critical for construction, function, and maintenance of the stretch reflex. Many factors affect the formation of IM fibers. Finding new factors and mechanisms of IM fiber formation is essential for the reconstruction of stretch reflex arc after injury. Methods We established a coculture system of organotypic dorsal root ganglion (DRG) explants and dissociated skeletal muscle (SKM) cells. The formation of IM fibers was observed in this coculture system after neuregulin-1β (NRG-1β) incubation. Results We found that NRG-1β promoted outgrowth of neurites and migration of neurons from the organotypic DRG explants and that this correlated with an induction of growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) expression. NRG-1β also increased the amount of nuclear bag fibers and nuclear chain fibers by elevating the proportion of tyrosine kinase receptor C (TrkC) phenotypic DRG neurons. In addition, we found that the effects of NRG-1β could be blocked by inhibiting ERK1/2, PI3K/Akt, and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. Conclusion These data imply that NRG-1β promoted neurite outgrowth and neuronal migration from the organotypic DRG explants and that this correlated with an induction of GAP-43 expression. The modulating effects of NRG-1β on TrkC DRG neuronal phenotype may link to promote IM fiber formation. The effects produced by NRG-1β in this neuromuscular coculture system provide new data for the therapeutic potential on IM fiber formation after muscle injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13395-018-0175-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Qiao
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Menglin Cong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zhenzhong Li
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pei W, Zou Y, Wang W, Wei L, Zhao Y, Li L. Tizanidine exerts anti-nociceptive effects in spared nerve injury model of neuropathic pain through inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3209-3219. [PMID: 30221670 PMCID: PMC6202089 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, α2-adrenoceptors (α2-AR) agonists have been shown to have anti-nociceptive effects and thus may become a promising therapeutic strategy for neuropathic pain. tizanidine is a highly selective α2-AR agonist, but the effect mechanism of tizanidine in neuropathic pain remains largely unknown. The present study investigated whether tizanidine has anti-nociceptive effects in spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain in rats, as well as explored the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that the rats in SNI group showed significantly higher mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, accompanied with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as well as the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. PDTC, an inhibitor of TLR4/NF-κB signaling, could significantly attenuate the SNI-induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, treatment with tizanidine also attenuated the SNI-induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, suppressed production of the proinflammatory cytokines, and inhibited the activation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway, which could be reversed by pretreatment with BRL44408, a selective α2-AR antagonist. Taken these findings together, we demonstrated that tizanidine has anti-nociceptive effects on neuropathic pain via inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines through suppressing the activation of TLR4/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanmin Pei
- Department of Anesthesia, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zou
- Department of Anesthesia, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Wenting Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Anesthesia, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wiedenhoft H, Hayashi L, Coffin AB. PI3K and Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins Modulate Gentamicin- Induced Hair Cell Death in the Zebrafish Lateral Line. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:326. [PMID: 29093665 PMCID: PMC5651234 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inner ear hair cell death leads to sensorineural hearing loss and can be a direct consequence of aminoglycoside antibiotic treatment. Aminoglycosides such as gentamicin are effective therapy for serious Gram-negative bacterial infections such as some forms of meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis. Aminoglycosides enter hair cells through mechanotransduction channels at the apical end of hair bundles and initiate intrinsic cell death cascades, but the precise cell signaling that leads to hair cell death is incompletely understood. Here, we examine the cell death pathways involved in aminoglycoside damage using the zebrafish (Danio rerio). The zebrafish lateral line contains hair cell-bearing organs called neuromasts that are homologous to hair cells of the mammalian inner ear and represents an excellent model to study ototoxicity. Based on previous research demonstrating a role for p53, Bcl2 signaling, autophagy, and proteasomal degradation in aminoglycoside-damaged hair cells, we used the Cytoscape GeneMANIA Database to identify additional proteins that might play a role in neomycin or gentamicin ototoxicity. Our bioinformatics analysis identified the pro-survival proteins phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (Xiap) as potential mediators of gentamicin-induced hair cell damage. Pharmacological inhibition of PDK1 or its downstream mediator protein kinase C facilitated gentamicin toxicity, as did Xiap mutation, suggesting that both PI3K and endogenous Xiap confer protection. Surprisingly, aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death was highly attenuated in wild type Tupfel long-fin (TL fish; the background strain for the Xiap mutant line) compared to wild type ∗AB zebrafish. Pharmacologic manipulation of p53 suggested that the strain difference might result from decreased p53 in TL hair cells, allowing for increased hair cell survival. Overall, our studies identified additional steps in the cell death cascade triggered by aminoglycoside damage, suggesting possible drug targets to combat hearing loss resulting from aminoglycoside exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Wiedenhoft
- College of Arts and Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, United States
| | - Lauren Hayashi
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Allison B Coffin
- College of Arts and Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, United States.,Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|