Kinds of Replication: Examining the Meanings of "Conceptual Replication" and "Direct Replication"

Emotion-related impulsivity across transdiagnostic dimensions of psychopathology

OBJECTIVE

Several dimensions have received attention for their potential role in explaining shared variance in transdiagnostic symptoms of psychopathology. We hypothesized emotion-related impulsivity, the trait-like tendency toward difficulty restraining responses to emotion, would relate to symptoms of psychopathology, with two separable dimensions of emotion-related impulsivity relating distinctly to internalizing and externalizing symptoms.

METHOD

Across two studies, we tested hypotheses using structural equation models of emotion-related impulsivity and multiple indicators of internalizing, externalizing, and thought symptoms.

RESULTS

In Study 1 (658 undergraduates), emotion-related impulsivity was highly correlated with the general psychopathology (p) factor. In study 2 (421 Mechanical Turk participants), models did not support a general p factor; however, we replicated the hypothesized associations of emotion-related impulsivity dimensions with internalizing and externalizing factors. Across both studies, forms of emotion-related impulsivity uniquely and differentially related to internalizing and externalizing symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings indicate emotion-related impulsivity may help explain transdiagnostic dimensions of psychopathology, such as the p factor.

Generative Hanging Out: Developing Engaged Practices for Health-Related Research1

"Hanging out" with one's interlocutors generates ethnographic ways to creatively involve people in health care research. This special issue focusses on people who are difficult to engage in conventional research because they are not verbally fluent, such as people with dementia or learning disabilities, or who speak a language that the researcher does not understand. In this introduction I discuss how "Hanging out" shifts the goal-orientation of research practices toward relationships and settings. Hierarchies may be shifted to provide attractive possibilities for interlocutors to participate by doing things together with the researcher. The research practice itself becomes the object of analysis.

Expanding Interdisciplinarity: A Bibliometric Study of Medical Education Using the Medical Education Journal List-24 (MEJ-24)

Introduction

Interdisciplinary research, which integrates input (e.g., data, techniques, theories) from two or more disciplines, is critical for solving wicked problems. Medical education research is assumed to be interdisciplinary. However, researchers have questioned this assumption. The present study, a conceptual replication, clarifies the nature of medical education interdisciplinarity by analyzing the citations of medical education journal articles.

Method

The authors retrieved the cited references of all articles in 22 medical education journals between 2001-2020 from Web of Science (WoS). We then identified the WoS classifications for the journals of each cited reference.

Results

We analyzed 31,283 articles referencing 723,683 publications. We identified 493,973 (68.3%) of those cited references in 6,618 journals representing 242 categories, which represents 94% of all WoS categories. Close to half of all citations were categorized as "education, scientific disciplines" and "healthcare sciences and services". Over the study period, the number of references consistently increased as did the representation of categories to include a diversity of topics such as business, management, and linguistics.

Discussion

Our study aligns with previous research, suggesting that medical education research could be described as inwardly focused. However, the observed growth of categories and their increasing diversity over time indicates that medical education displays increasing interdisciplinarity. Now visible, the field can raise awareness of and promote interdisciplinarity, if desired, by seeking and highlighting opportunities for future growth.

Online training to improve evidence-based leadership competencies among nurse leaders in Finland and China: study protocols for two randomised feasibility trials

INTRODUCTION

This study protocol describes two randomised feasibility trials that will evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of an online training course to improve evidence-based leadership competences among nurse leaders working in hospitals in Finland and China.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS

Two randomised, parallel-group studies will be conducted separately: one in Finland (n=140) and one in China (n=160). Nurse leaders who fulfil the eligibility criteria will be randomly allocated (1:1) to participate in either the online evidence-based leadership training or conventional online training (reading material only). The primary outcomes will be acceptance of the online course (logging into the platform) and adherence in the online course (returned course tasks and drop-out rate of the participants). The secondary outcomes will be acceptance of the study regarding recruitment, feasibility of the eligibility criteria and outcome measures and potential effectiveness of the online course on leadership skills, evidence-based knowledge, attitudes, practice, self-efficacy, self-esteem and intention to leave. In addition, the feedback will be asked after the course.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION

Two separate trials have received ethical clearance from local ethics committees (12/2022 in Finland, E2021167 in China). Permission to conduct the study will be granted by hospital authorities. All participants will provide electronic informed consent before baseline data are collected. The trial results will be published locally, nationally and internationally in professional and peer-reviewed journals, and shared at national and international meetings and conferences.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS

NCT05244512; NCT05244499.

Getting through a COVID-19 winter: Physical coldness increases the perceived risk of coronavirus disease

What factors influence how people perceive the risk of getting COVID-19? Extending beyond features of general health conditions, media coverage, and genetic susceptibility to disease, the present research investigates whether the immediacy of experience with temperature, a subtle yet pervasive environmental factor, can affect people's estimation of contagion probability. According to the attribute substitution model, people may rely on the visceral experience of coldness, a far easier quantity to evaluate, to estimate the contagion probability of the new coronavirus disease. Study 1 found that Chinese university students who perceived the indoor temperature to be lower believed that the coronavirus was more infectious. To provide causal evidence for the effect, Study 2 randomly assigned participants to different conditions. The results showed that participants in the cold condition reported a higher likelihood of contracting the coronavirus than participants in the control condition. Overall, these findings are consistent with the attribute substitution model: people tend to recruit simpler and more accessible information (e.g., local temperature) in place of more diagnostic but less tangible information (e.g., scientific data) in assessing the risk of disease transmission. Theoretical contributions and the significance of this research for policy makers are discussed.