1
|
Liu WC, Chang CM, Zhang Y, Liao HT, Chang WC. Dynamics of T-cell receptor repertoire in patients with ankylosing spondylitis after biologic therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111342. [PMID: 38101220 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease in which T-cell immune responses play important roles. AS has been characterized by altered T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire profiles, which are thought to be caused by expansion of disease-related TCR clonotypes. However, how biological agents affect the TCR repertoire status and whether their therapeutic outcomes are associated with certain features or dynamic patterns of the TCR repertoire are still elusive. MATERIAL AND METHODS We collected clinical samples from AS patients pre- and post-treatment with biologics. TCR repertoire sequencing was conducted to investigate associations of TCRα and TCRβ repertoire characteristics with disease activity and inflammatory indicators/cytokines. RESULTS Our results showed that good responders were associated with an increase in the TCR repertoire diversity with higher proportions of contracted TCR clonotypes. Additionally, we further identified a positive correlation between TCR repertoire diversity and interleukin (IL)-23 levels in AS patients. A network analysis revealed that contracted AS-associated TCR clonotypes with the same complementary-determining region 3 (CDR3) motifs, which represented high probabilities of sharing TCR specificities to AS-related antigens, were dominant in good responders of AS after treatment with biologic therapies. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested an important connection between TCR repertoire changes and therapeutic outcomes in biologic-treated AS patients. The status and dynamics of TCR repertoire profiles are useful for assessing the prognosis of biologic treatments in AS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Mai Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Genetics Research Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | - Hsien-Tzung Liao
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elkin ER, Su AL, Dou JF, Colacino JA, Bridges D, Padmanabhan V, Harris SM, Boldenow E, Loch-Caruso R, Bakulski KM. Sexually concordant and dimorphic transcriptional responses to maternal trichloroethylene and/or N-acetyl cysteine exposure in Wistar rat placental tissue. Toxicology 2023; 483:153371. [PMID: 36396003 PMCID: PMC10078828 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Numerous Superfund sites are contaminated with the volatile organic chemical trichloroethylene (TCE). In women, exposure to TCE in pregnancy is associated with reduced birth weight. Our previous study reported that TCE exposure in pregnant rats decreased fetal weight and elevated oxidative stress biomarkers in placentae, suggesting placental injury as a potential mechanism of TCE-induced adverse birth outcomes. In this study, we investigated if co-exposure with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) attenuates TCE exposure effects on RNA expression. Timed-pregnant Wistar rats were exposed orally to 480 mg TCE/kg/day on gestation days 6-16. Exposure of 200 mg NAC/kg/day alone or as a pre/co-exposure with TCE occurred on gestation days 5-16 to stimulate antioxidant genes prior to TCE exposure. Tissue was collected on gestation day 16. In male and female placentae, we evaluated TCE- and/or NAC-induced changes to gene expression and pathway enrichment analyses using false discovery rate (FDR) and fold-change criteria. In female placentae, exposure to TCE caused significant differential expression 129 genes while the TCE+NAC altered 125 genes, compared with controls (FDR< 0.05 + fold-change >1). In contrast, in male placentae TCE exposure differentially expressed 9 genes and TCE+NAC differentially expressed 35 genes, compared with controls (FDR< 0.05 + fold-change >1). NAC alone did not significantly alter gene expression in either sex. Differentially expressed genes observed with TCE exposure were enriched in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways in females whereas immune system pathways and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways were differentially expressed in both sexes (FDR<0.05). TCE treatment was differentially enriched for genes regulated by the transcription factors ATF6 (both sexes) and ATF4 (males only), indicating a cellular condition triggered by misfolded proteins during endoplasmic reticulum stress. This study demonstrates novel genes and pathways involved in TCE-induced placental injury and showed antioxidant co-treatment largely did not attenuate TCE exposure effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elana R Elkin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Anthony L Su
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John F Dou
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Justin A Colacino
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dave Bridges
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sean M Harris
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erica Boldenow
- Department of Biology, Calvin University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Rita Loch-Caruso
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liang J, Zhang S, Li Q, Yu Y, Chen X, Zhang X. Review of secukinumab-induced adverse events of special interest and its potential pathogenesis. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15599. [PMID: 35614844 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although secukinumab has demonstrated high efficacy and favorable safety in moderate-to-severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, patients developing adverse events of special interest (AESI) were reported increasingly in real-world practice. A systematic literature search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify clinical studies or case reports on secukinumab-induced AESI. More than 1077 patients (aged 18-74 years) from 55 studies were reported to have 24 AESI 3 days to 96 weeks after secukinumab treatment. The four most common AESI was inflammatory bowel disease (n > 1000), eczematous drug eruption (n > 30), drug-associated vasculitis (n = 8), and drug-induced lupus erythematosus (n = 4). Most of these AESI were only mild to moderately severe and resolved after secukinumab discontinuation without or with symptomatic treatment. Secukinumab has the potential to develop a number of AESI by probably dysregulating the different expression of polar T-cell axes (Th1, Th2, Th17, Th22, and/or Treg) and driving various cytokines in some patients. Physicians should be aware of these AESI for timely diagnosis and proper treatment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Liang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sanquan Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yihui Yu
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyin Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xibao Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao P, Tang K, Lu Y, Huang Z, Wang S, Wang M, Wang J, Zhao J, Xie J. Pentraxin 3 promotes airway inflammation in experimental asthma. Respir Res 2020; 21:237. [PMID: 32938460 PMCID: PMC7493172 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) regulates multiple aspects of innate immunity and tissue inflammation. Recently, it has been reported that PTX3 deficiency enhances interleukin (IL)-17A–dominant pulmonary inflammation in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse asthma model. However, whether PTX3 treatment would provide protection against allergic airway inflammation has not been clearly elucidated. The goal of this study was to further investigate the effect of recombinant PTX3 administration on the phenotype of asthma. Methods C57BL/6 J mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA to induce eosinophilic asthma model, as well as sensitized with OVA plus LPS and challenged with OVA to induce neutrophilic asthma model. We evaluated effect of recombinant PTX3 on asthma phenotype through both asthma models. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) inflammatory cells and cytokines, airway hyperresponsiveness, and pathological alterations of the lung tissues were assessed. Results In both eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma models, PTX3 treatment provoked airway hyperresponsiveness, concomitant with increased inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-17, eotaxin, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and aggravated airway accumulation of inflammatory cells, especially eosinophils and neutrophils. In histological analysis of the lung tissue, administration of PTX3 promoted inflammatory cells infiltration, mucus production, and collagen deposition. In addition, PTX3 also significantly enhanced STAT3 phosphorylation in lung tissue. Conclusion Our results show that exogenous PTX3 can exacerbate multiple asthmatic features by promoting both eosinophils and neutrophils lung infiltration and provide new evidence to better understand the complex role of PTX3 in allergic airway inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanjiao Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenli Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meijia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianmiao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Jungang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Calender A, Weichhart T, Valeyre D, Pacheco Y. Current Insights in Genetics of Sarcoidosis: Functional and Clinical Impacts. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2633. [PMID: 32823753 PMCID: PMC7465171 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a complex disease that belongs to the vast group of autoinflammatory disorders, but the etiological mechanisms of which are not known. At the crosstalk of environmental, infectious, and genetic factors, sarcoidosis is a multifactorial disease that requires a multidisciplinary approach for which genetic research, in particular, next generation sequencing (NGS) tools, has made it possible to identify new pathways and propose mechanistic hypotheses. Codified treatments for the disease cannot always respond to the most progressive forms and the identification of new genetic and metabolic tracks is a challenge for the future management of the most severe patients. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding the genes identified by both genome wide association studies (GWAS) and whole exome sequencing (WES), as well the connection of these pathways with the current research on sarcoidosis immune-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Calender
- Department of Molecular and Medical genetics, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University Hospital, 69500 Bron, France;
- CNRS UMR 5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Weichhart
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Dominique Valeyre
- INSERM UMR 1272, Department of Pulmonology, Avicenne Hospital, University Sorbonne Paris Nord, Saint Joseph Hospital, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France;
| | - Yves Pacheco
- Department of Molecular and Medical genetics, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University Hospital, 69500 Bron, France;
- CNRS UMR 5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69007 Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hynes GM, Hinks TSC. The role of interleukin-17 in asthma: a protective response? ERJ Open Res 2020; 6:00364-2019. [PMID: 32494573 PMCID: PMC7248344 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00364-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While there now exist effective treatments for type 2 high, eosinophilic asthma, there are no specific therapies for 40–50% of people with asthma with other phenotypes, which result from poorly understood underlying pathological mechanisms. One such pathology is neutrophilic inflammation, which has been associated with interleukin (IL)-17 family cytokines. Human genetic studies identified IL-17 polymorphisms associated with asthma; in murine models of allergic airways disease, IL-17A contributes to airway hyperresponsiveness, and in humans, elevated airway IL-17A levels are repeatedly observed in severe asthma. However, the directionality of this association is unknown, and the assumption that IL-17 cytokines drive disease pathology remains speculative. Here, we explore the evidence underlying the relationship between IL-17 and asthma, we review lessons learned from investigating IL-17 in other inflammatory diseases, and discuss the possibility that IL-17 may even be protective in asthma rather than pathogenic. We also critically examine the newly proposed paradigm of a reciprocal relationship between type 2 and type 17 airways inflammation. In summary, we suggest an association between IL-17 and asthma, but research is needed examining the diverse functions of these cytokines, their longitudinal stability, their response to clinical interventions, and for mechanistic studies determining whether they are protective or pathogenic. IL-17 cytokines have been implicated in neutrophilic asthma by genetic, murine and human data. Here, previous studies are critiqued and the assumption their dominant role is pathogenic rather than protective of airway epithelial barrier integrity is challenged.http://bit.ly/3axB4Zs
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gareth M Hynes
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Dept of Medicine, Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy S C Hinks
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Dept of Medicine, Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yamada A, Wang J, Komaki Y, Komaki F, Micic D, Sakuraba A. Systematic review with meta-analysis: risk of new onset IBD with the use of anti-interleukin-17 agents. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2019; 50:373-385. [PMID: 31309607 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New onset IBD has been reported with the use of anti-IL-17 agents, but it remains unclear to what extent this is attributed to treatment or to underlying disease. AIM To evaluate the risk of new onset IBD with the use of anti-IL-17 agents METHODS: Electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCT) of anti-IL-17 agents (brodalumab, ixekizumab and secukinumab). Risk of new onset IBD was compared to placebo by Mantel-Haenszel (MH) risk difference (RD). Sensitivity analyses including meta-analysis using fixed-effect model, MH and Peto odds ratio and MH risk ratio were performed due to incidence of rare adverse events. The risk of diarrhoea was also assessed due to the possibility of underdiagnosis of IBD. RESULTS Thirty-eight RCTs including 16 690 patients treated with anti-IL-17 agents were included. Twelve cases of new onset IBD were reported with anti-IL-17 agents in five studies, whereas no cases were reported with placebo. There was no difference in the risk of developing new onset IBD with anti-IL-17 agents compared to placebo (MH RD 0.00062, 95% CI -0.00072-0.0021, P = 0.35). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated no consistent risk with any method. There was no difference in the risk of diarrhoea (MH RD 0.0013, 95% CI -0.0014-0.0041, P = 0.34). CONCLUSIONS New onset IBD with the use of anti-IL-17 agents was rare. Interpretation of the results needs caution due to the presence of many zero-event studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yamada
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jingzhou Wang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yuga Komaki
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Fukiko Komaki
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Dejan Micic
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Atsushi Sakuraba
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chamoun MN, Blumenthal A, Sullivan MJ, Schembri MA, Ulett GC. Bacterial pathogenesis and interleukin-17: interconnecting mechanisms of immune regulation, host genetics, and microbial virulence that influence severity of infection. Crit Rev Microbiol 2018; 44:465-486. [PMID: 29345518 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2018.1426556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the control of many different disorders, including autoimmune, oncogenic, and diverse infectious diseases. In the context of infectious diseases, IL-17 protects the host against various classes of microorganisms but, intriguingly, can also exacerbate the severity of some infections. The regulation of IL-17 expression stems, in part, from the activity of Interleukin-23 (IL-23), which drives the maturation of different classes of IL-17-producing cells that can alter the course of infection. In this review, we analyze IL-17/IL-23 signalling in bacterial infection, and examine the interconnecting mechanisms that link immune regulation, host genetics, and microbial virulence in the context of bacterial pathogenesis. We consider the roles of IL-17 in both acute and chronic bacterial infections, with a focus on mouse models of human bacterial disease that involve infection of mucosal surfaces in the lungs, urogenital, and gastrointestinal tracts. Polymorphisms in IL-17-encoding genes in humans, which have been associated with heightened host susceptibility to some bacterial pathogens, are discussed. Finally, we examine the implications of IL-17 biology in infectious diseases for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeted at preventing bacterial infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle N Chamoun
- a School of Medical Science, and Menzies Health Institute Queensland , Griffith University , Southport , Australia
| | - Antje Blumenthal
- b The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Matthew J Sullivan
- a School of Medical Science, and Menzies Health Institute Queensland , Griffith University , Southport , Australia
| | - Mark A Schembri
- c School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, and Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Glen C Ulett
- a School of Medical Science, and Menzies Health Institute Queensland , Griffith University , Southport , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim EY, Moudgil KD. Immunomodulation of autoimmune arthritis by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Cytokine 2017; 98:87-96. [PMID: 28438552 PMCID: PMC5581685 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines promote autoimmune inflammation and tissue damage, while anti-inflammatory cytokines help resolve inflammation and facilitate tissue repair. Over the past few decades, this general feature of cytokine-mediated events has offered a broad framework to comprehend the pathogenesis of autoimmune and other immune-mediated diseases, and to successfully develop therapeutic approaches for diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) therapy is a testimony in support of this endeavor. However, many patients with RA fail to respond to this or other biologics, and some patients may suffer unexpected aggravation of arthritic inflammation or other autoimmune effects. These observations combined with rapid advancements in immunology in regard to newer cytokines and T cell subsets have enforced a re-evaluation of the perceived pathogenic attribute of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. Studies conducted by others and us in experimental models of arthritis involving direct administration of IFN-γ or TNF-α; in vivo neutralization of the cytokine; the use of animals deficient in the cytokine or its receptor; and the impact of the cytokine or anti-cytokine therapy on defined T cell subsets have revealed paradoxical anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory attributes of these two cytokines. Similar studies in other models of autoimmunity as well as limited studies in arthritis patients have also unveiled the disease-protective effects of these pro-inflammatory cytokines. A major mechanism in this regard is the altered balance between the pathogenic T helper 17 (Th17) and protective T regulatory (Treg) cells in favor of the latter. However, it is essential to consider that this aspect of the pro-inflammatory cytokines is context-dependent such that the dose and timing of intervention, the experimental model of the disease under study, and the differences in individual responsiveness can influence the final outcomes. Nevertheless, the realization that pro-inflammatory cytokines can also be immunoregulatory offers a new perspective in fully understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and in designing better therapies for controlling them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Y Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Kamal D Moudgil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Roos AB, Berg T, Ahlgren KM, Grunewald J, Nord M. A method for generating pulmonary neutrophilia using aerosolized lipopolysaccharide. J Vis Exp 2014:51470. [PMID: 25548888 PMCID: PMC4396917 DOI: 10.3791/51470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe disease characterized by alveolar neutrophilia, with limited treatment options and high mortality. Experimental models of ALI are key in enhancing our understanding of disease pathogenesis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from gram positive bacteria induces neutrophilic inflammation in the airways and lung parenchyma of mice. Efficient pulmonary delivery of compounds such as LPS is, however, difficult to achieve. In the approach described here, pulmonary delivery in mice is achieved by challenge to aerosolized Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS. Dissolved LPS was aerosolized by a nebulizer connected to compressed air. Mice were exposed to a continuous flow of LPS aerosol in a Plexiglas box for 10 min, followed by 2 min conditioning after the aerosol was discontinued. Tracheal intubation and subsequent bronchoalveolar lavage, followed by formalin perfusion was next performed, which allows for characterization of the sterile pulmonary inflammation. Aerosolized LPS generates a pulmonary inflammation characterized by alveolar neutrophilia, detected in bronchoalveolar lavage and by histological assessment. This technique can be set up at a small cost with few appliances, and requires minimal training and expertise. The exposure system can thus be routinely performed at any laboratory, with the potential to enhance our understanding of lung pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham B Roos
- Department of Medicine, Solna and CMM, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Karolinska Institutet;
| | - Tove Berg
- Department of Medicine, Solna and CMM, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Karolinska Institutet
| | - Kerstin M Ahlgren
- Department of Medicine, Solna and CMM, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Karolinska Institutet
| | - Johan Grunewald
- Department of Medicine, Solna and CMM, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Karolinska Institutet
| | - Magnus Nord
- Department of Medicine, Solna and CMM, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Karolinska Institutet; Safety Science, Global Regulator Affairs & Patient Safety, AstraZeneca Global Medicines Development
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lindén A, Dahlén B. Interleukin-17 cytokine signalling in patients with asthma. Eur Respir J 2014; 44:1319-31. [PMID: 24925921 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00002314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Asthma remains a global health problem and, therefore, more effective pharmacotherapy is needed. This is particularly true for chronic and severe asthma. In these clinical phenotypes, chronic inflammation involving neutrophils is likely to play a pathogenic role, making it interesting to target cytokine signalling involved in the accumulation of neutrophils. Therefore, it is of interest that the archetype T-helper 17 cell cytokine interleukin (IL)-17A, perhaps also IL-17F, controls neutrophil accumulation, mucus secretion, macrophage mobilisation and smooth muscle reactivity in various experimental airway models. However, much less is known about the involvement of signalling via IL-17 cytokines in humans with asthma. Existing evidence suggests that these cytokines are released from several types of immune cells in asthma and, for IL-17A, there is a local increase associated with disease severity, with the mobilisation of neutrophils and smooth muscle cells locally in the airways. Even though the causative role of IL-17 cytokines remains unclear, there is potential for clinical utility in targeting IL-17A specifically in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma and high reversibility. There is a need for new and well-powered clinical investigations of signalling via IL-17 cytokines in this clinical phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Lindén
- Unit for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Lung Allergy Clinic, Dept of Medicine at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbro Dahlén
- Lung Allergy Clinic, Dept of Medicine at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
IL-17A and Th17 cells in lung inflammation: an update on the role of Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17R signaling in host defense against infection. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:267971. [PMID: 23956759 PMCID: PMC3730142 DOI: 10.1155/2013/267971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The significance of Th17 cells and interleukin- (IL-)17A signaling in host defense and disease development has been demonstrated in various infection and autoimmune models. Numerous studies have indicated that Th17 cells and its signature cytokine IL-17A are critical to the airway's immune response against various bacteria and fungal infection. Cytokines such as IL-23, which are involved in Th17 differentiation, play a critical role in controlling Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia) infection. IL-17A acts on nonimmune cells in infected tissues to strengthen innate immunity by inducing the expression of antimicrobial proteins, cytokines, and chemokines. Mice deficient in IL-17 receptor (IL-17R) expression are susceptible to infection by various pathogens. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in unraveling the mechanism behind Th17 cell differentiation, IL-17A/IL-17R signaling, and also the importance of IL-17A in pulmonary infection.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wright AKA, Bangert M, Gritzfeld JF, Ferreira DM, Jambo KC, Wright AD, Collins AM, Gordon SB. Experimental human pneumococcal carriage augments IL-17A-dependent T-cell defence of the lung. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003274. [PMID: 23555269 PMCID: PMC3610738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumococcal carriage is both immunising and a pre-requisite for mucosal and systemic disease. Murine models of pneumococcal colonisation show that IL-17A-secreting CD4(+) T-cells (Th-17 cells) are essential for clearance of pneumococci from the nasopharynx. Pneumococcal-responding IL-17A-secreting CD4(+) T-cells have not been described in the adult human lung and it is unknown whether they can be elicited by carriage and protect the lung from pneumococcal infection. We investigated the direct effect of experimental human pneumococcal nasal carriage (EHPC) on the frequency and phenotype of cognate CD4(+) T-cells in broncho-alveolar lavage and blood using multi-parameter flow cytometry. We then examined whether they could augment ex vivo alveolar macrophage killing of pneumococci using an in vitro assay. We showed that human pneumococcal carriage leads to a 17.4-fold (p = 0.007) and 8-fold (p = 0.003) increase in the frequency of cognate IL-17A(+) CD4(+) T-cells in BAL and blood, respectively. The phenotype with the largest proportion were TNF(+)/IL-17A(+) co-producing CD4(+) memory T-cells (p<0.01); IFNγ(+) CD4(+) memory T-cells were not significantly increased following carriage. Pneumococci could stimulate large amounts of IL-17A protein from BAL cells in the absence of carriage but in the presence of cognate CD4(+) memory T-cells, IL-17A protein levels were increased by a further 50%. Further to this we then show that alveolar macrophages, which express IL-17A receptors A and C, showed enhanced killing of opsonised pneumococci when stimulated with rhIL-17A (p = 0.013). Killing negatively correlated with RC (r = -0.9, p = 0.017) but not RA expression. We conclude that human pneumococcal carriage can increase the proportion of lung IL-17A-secreting CD4(+) memory T-cells that may enhance innate cellular immunity against pathogenic challenge. These pathways may be utilised to enhance vaccine efficacy to protect the lung against pneumonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam K. A. Wright
- Respiratory Infection Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre in Microbial Diseases, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mathieu Bangert
- Respiratory Infection Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jenna F. Gritzfeld
- Respiratory Infection Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela M. Ferreira
- Respiratory Infection Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Kondwani C. Jambo
- Respiratory Infection Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Chichiri, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Angela D. Wright
- Comprehensive Local Research Network, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea M. Collins
- Respiratory Infection Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre in Microbial Diseases, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen B. Gordon
- Respiratory Infection Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|