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Kang J, Lee H, Joo J, Song J, Kim H, Kim YH, Park HR. Comparison of genetic and epigenetic profiles of periodontitis according to the presence of type 2 diabetes. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e620. [PMID: 38903536 PMCID: PMC11187843 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis (PD) have intricated connections as chronic inflammatory diseases. While the immune response is a key factor that accounts for their association, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To gain a deeper understanding of the connection, we conducted research using a multiomics approach. We generated whole genome and methylation profiling array data from the periodontium of PD patients with DM (PDDM) and without DM to confirm genetic and epigenetic changes. Independent bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data were employed to verify the expression levels of hypo-methylated genes. We observed a gradual rise in C>T base substitutions and hypomethylation in PD and PDDM patients compared with healthy participants. Furthermore, specific genetic and epigenetic alterations were prominently associated with the Fc-gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis pathway. The upregulation of these genes was confirmed in both the periodontal tissues of PD patients and the pancreatic tissues of T2DM patients. Through single-cell RNA analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, substantial upregulation of Fc-gamma receptors and related genes was particularly identified in monocytes. Our findings suggest that targeting the Fc-gamma signaling pathway in monocytes holds promise as a potential treatment strategy for managing systemic complications associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Kang
- Department of ResearchKeimyung University Dongsan Medical CenterDalseo‐guDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Hansong Lee
- Department of BioMedical InformaticsMedical Research Institute, Pusan National UniversityYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Ji‐Young Joo
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of DentistryPusan National UniversityYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Min Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool of DentistryPusan National UniversityYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun‐Joo Kim
- Department of PeriodontologyDental and Life Science InstituteSchool of DentistryPusan National UniversityYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Research InstitutePusan National University Dental HospitalYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research CenterSchool of DentistryPusan National UniversityYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research CenterSchool of DentistryPusan National UniversityYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Informatics School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
- Department of AnatomySchool of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Hae Ryoun Park
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Research InstitutePusan National University Dental HospitalYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research CenterSchool of DentistryPusan National UniversityYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
- Department of Oral PathologySchool of DentistryPusan National UniversityYangsan‐siGyeongsangnam‐doRepublic of Korea
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Valverde A, Naqvi RA, Naqvi AR. Non-coding RNA LINC01010 regulates macrophage polarization and innate immune functions by modulating NFκB signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31225. [PMID: 38403999 PMCID: PMC11096022 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Innate immune response is regulated by tissue resident or infiltrating immune cells such as macrophages (Mφ) that play critical role in tissue development, homeostasis, and repair of damaged tissue. However, the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate Mφ plasticity and innate immune functions are not well understood. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are among the most abundant class of transcriptome but their function in myeloid cell biology is less explored. In this study, we deciphered the regulatory role of previously uncharacterized lncRNAs in Mφ polarization and innate immune responses. Two lncRNAs showed notable changes in their levels during M1 and M2 Mφ differentiation. Our findings indicate that LINC01010 expression increased and AC007032 expression decreased significantly. LINC01010 exhibit myeloid cell-specificity, while AC007032.1 is ubiquitous and expressed in both myeloid and lymphoid (T cells, B cells and NK cells) cells. Expression of these lncRNAs is dysregulated in periodontal disease (PD), a microbial biofilm-induced immune disease, and responsive to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from different oral and non-oral bacteria. Knockdown of LINC01010 but not AC007032.1 reduced the surface expression of Mφ differentiation markers CD206 and CD68, and M1Mφ polarization markers MHCII and CD32. Furthermore, LINC01010 RNAi attenuated bacterial phagocytosis, antigen processing and cytokine secretion suggesting its key function in innate immunity. Mechanistically, LINC01010 knockdown Mφ treated with Escherichia coli LPS exhibit significantly reduced expression of multiple nuclear factor kappa B pathway genes. Together, our data highlight functional role of a PD-associated lncRNA LINC01010 in shaping macrophage differentiation, polarization, and innate immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Valverde
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Raza Ali Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Afsar R. Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Ahmad I, Naqvi RA, Valverde A, Naqvi AR. LncRNA MALAT1/microRNA-30b axis regulates macrophage polarization and function. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1214810. [PMID: 37860007 PMCID: PMC10582718 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1214810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (Mφ) are long-lived myeloid cells that can polarize towards the proinflammatory M1 or proresolving M2 phenotype to control diverse biological processes such as inflammation, tissue damage, and regeneration. Noncoding RNA are a class of nonprotein-coding transcriptome with numerous interdependent biological roles; however, their functional interaction in the regulation of Mφ polarization and immune responses remain unclear. Here, we show antagonistic relationship between lncRNA (MALAT1) and microRNA (miR-30b) in shaping macrophage polarization and immune functions. MALAT1 expression displays a time-dependent induction during Mφ differentiation and, upon challenge with TLR4 agonist (E. coli LPS). MALAT1 knockdown promoted the expression of M2Mφ markers without affecting M1Mφ markers, suggesting that MALAT1 favors the M1 phenotype by suppressing M2 differentiation. Compared to the control, MALAT1 knockdown resulted in reduced antigen uptake and processing, bacterial phagocytosis, and bactericidal activity, strongly supporting its critical role in regulating innate immune functions in Mφ. Consistent with this, MALAT1 knockdown showed impaired cytokine secretion upon challenge with LPS. Importantly, MALAT1 exhibit an antagonistic expression pattern with all five members of the miR-30 family during M2 Mφ differentiation. Dual-luciferase assays validated a novel sequence on MALAT1 that interacts with miR-30b, a microRNA that promotes the M2 phenotype. Phagocytosis and antigen processing assays unequivocally demonstrated that MALAT1 and miR-30b are functionally antagonistic. Concurrent MALAT1 knockdown and miR-30b overexpression exhibited the most significant attenuation in both assays. In human subjects with periodontal disease and murine model of ligature-induced periodontitis, we observed higher levels of MALAT1, M1Mφ markers and downregulation of miR-30b expression in gingival tissues suggesting a pro-inflammatory function of MALAT1 in vivo. Overall, we unraveled the role of MALAT1 in Mφ polarization and delineated the underlying mechanism of its regulation by involving MALAT-1-driven miR-30b sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Afsar R. Naqvi
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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4
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Ahmad I, Naqvi RA, Valverde A, Naqvi AR. LncRNA MALAT1/microRNA-30b axis regulate macrophage polarization and function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.01.526668. [PMID: 36778373 PMCID: PMC9915644 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.01.526668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Macrophages (Mφ) can polarize towards the proinflammatory M1 or proresolving M2 phenotype to control diverse biological processes such as inflammation, and tissue regeneration. Noncoding RNAs play critical roles in numerous biological pathways; however, their functional interaction in the regulation of Mφ polarization and immune responses remain unclear. Objectives To examine relationship between lncRNA (MALAT1) and microRNA (miR-30b) in shaping macrophage polarization and immune functions. Methods Expression of MALAT1 and miR-30b was examined in differentiating M1/M2 Mφ, human and murine inflamed gingival biopsies by RT-qPCR. MALAT1 and miR-30b direct interaction was examined by dual luciferase assays. Impact of MALAT1 knockdown and miR-30b overexpression was examined on macrophage polarization markers, bacterial phagocytosis, antigen uptake/processing and cytokine profiles. Results MALAT1 expression displays a time-dependent induction during Mφ differentiation and, upon challenge with TLR4 agonist ( E. coli LPS). Knockdown of MALAT1 enhanced the expression of M2Mφ markers without affecting the M1Mφ markers, suggesting that MALAT1 favors the M1 phenotype by suppressing M2 polarization. MALAT1 knockdown Mφ exhibit reduced antigen uptake and processing, bacterial phagocytosis, and bactericidal activity, strongly supporting its critical role in regulating innate immune functions. Consistent with this, MALAT1 knockdown showed impaired cytokine secretion upon challenge with LPS. Importantly, MALAT1 exhibit an antagonistic expression pattern with all five members of the miR-30 family during M2Mφ differentiation. Dual-luciferase assays validated a novel sequence on MALAT1 that interacts with miR-30b, a microRNA that promotes the M2 phenotype. Phagocytosis and antigen processing assays unequivocally demonstrated that MALAT1 and miR-30b are functionally antagonistic. In human subjects with periodontal disease and murine model of ligature-induced periodontitis, we observed higher levels of MALAT1, and downregulation of miR-30b that correlates with higher M1Mφ markers expression in gingival tissues suggesting a pro-inflammatory function of MALAT1. Conclusion MALAT1/miR-30b antagonistic interaction shapes Mφ polarization in vitro and in inflamed gingival biopsies.
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Gierlikowski W, Gierlikowska B. MicroRNAs as Regulators of Phagocytosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091380. [PMID: 35563685 PMCID: PMC9106007 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and thus act as important regulators of cellular phenotype and function. As their expression may be dysregulated in numerous diseases, they are of interest as biomarkers. What is more, attempts of modulation of some microRNAs for therapeutic reasons have been undertaken. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge regarding the influence of microRNAs on phagocytosis, which may be exerted on different levels, such as through macrophages polarization, phagosome maturation, reactive oxygen species production and cytokines synthesis. This phenomenon plays an important role in numerous pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Gierlikowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara Gierlikowska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 63a, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
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FCER1G positively relates to macrophage infiltration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and contributes to unfavorable prognosis by regulating tumor immunity. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:140. [PMID: 35120484 PMCID: PMC8815209 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are closely related to unfavorable prognosis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the important molecules in the interaction between ccRCC and TAMs are unclear. Methods TCGA-KIRC gene expression data of tumor tissues and normal tissues adjacent to tumor were compared to identify differentially expressed genes in ccRCC. TAMs related genes were discovered by analyzing the correlation between these differentially expressed genes and common macrophage biomarkers. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to predict functions of TAMs related gene. The findings were further validated using RNA sequencing data obtained from the CheckMate 025 study and immunohistochemical analysis of samples from 350 patients with ccRCC. Kaplan–Meier survival curve, Cox regression analysis and Harrell’s concordance index analysis were used to determine the prognostic significance. Results In this study, we applied bioinformatic analysis to explore TAMs related differentially expressed genes in ccRCC and identified 5 genes strongly correlated with all selected macrophage biomarkers: STAC3, LGALS9, TREM2, FCER1G, and PILRA. Among them, FCER1G was abundantly expressed in tumor tissues and showed prognostic importance in patients with ccRCC who received treatment with Nivolumab; however, it did not exhibit prognostic value in those treated with Everolimus. We also discovered that high expression levels of FCER1G are related to T cell suppression. Moreover, combination of FCER1G and macrophage biomarker CD68 can improve the prognostic stratification of patients with ccRCC from TCGA-KIRC. Based on the immunohistochemical analysis of samples from patients with ccRCC, we further validated that FCER1G and CD68 are both highly expressed in tumor tissue and correlate with each other. Higher expression of CD68 or FCER1G in ccRCC tissue indicates shorter overall survival and progression-free survival; patients with high expression of both CD68 and FCER1G have the worst outcome. Combining CD68 and FCER1G facilitates the screening of patients with a worse prognosis from the same TNM stage group. Conclusions High expression of FCER1G in ccRCC is closely related to TAMs infiltration and suppression of T cell activation and proliferation. Combining the expression levels of FCER1G and macrophage biomarker CD68 may be a promising postoperative prognostic index for patients with ccRCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09251-7.
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Zhang J, Dai Z, Yan C, Wang D, Tang D. Blocking antibody-mediated phosphatidylserine enhances cancer immunotherapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:3639-3651. [PMID: 34499223 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03792-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a major breakthrough in tumor therapy and has been used in monotherapy or combination therapy. However, it has been associated with poor immune tolerance in some patients or immune-related adverse events. Therefore, ideal and reliable tumor elimination strategies are urgently needed to overcome these shortcomings. Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a negatively charged phospholipid, usually present in the inner lobules of eukaryotic cell membranes. Under certain physiological or pathological conditions, PS may be exposed on the outer leaflets of apoptotic cells serving as recognition signals by phagocytes and modulating the immune response. On the contrary, increased exposure of PS in the tumor microenvironment can significantly antagonize the body's anti-tumor immunity, thereby promoting tumor growth and metastasis. During radiotherapy and chemotherapy, PS-mediated immunosuppression increases the PS levels in necrotic tissue in the tumor microenvironment, further suppressing tumor immunity. PS-targeted therapy is a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy. It inhibits tumor growth and improves the anti-tumor activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of PS-targeted therapy opens up a new perspective for future cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhujiang Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Cheng Yan
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Periodontitis is a multi-etiologic infection characterized clinically by pathologic loss of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Herpesviruses and specific bacterial species are major periodontal pathogens that cooperate synergistically in producing severe periodontitis. Cellular immunity against herpesviruses and humoral immunity against bacteria are key periodontal host defenses. Genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors are modifiers of periodontal disease severity. MicroRNAs are a class of noncoding, gene expression-based, posttranscriptional regulatory RNAs of great importance for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Aberrant expression of microRNAs has been associated with several medical diseases. Periodontal tissue cells and herpesviruses elaborate several microRNAs that are of current research interest. This review attempts to conceptualize the role of periodontal microRNAs in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The diagnostic potential of salivary microRNAs is also addressed. Employment of microRNA technology in periodontics represents an interesting new preventive and therapeutic possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar R Naqvi
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jørgen Slots
- Department of Periodontology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
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9
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Chen Y, Huang Y, Deng X. External cervical resorption-a review of pathogenesis and potential predisposing factors. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:19. [PMID: 34112752 PMCID: PMC8192751 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
External cervical resorption (ECR) refers to a pathological state in which resorption tissues penetrate into the dentin at the cervical aspect of the root. Despite being latent in its initial phase, ECR could cause severe damage to mineralized dental tissue and even involve the pulp if not given timely diagnosis and treatment. Nevertheless, the etiology of ECR is still poorly understood, which adds to the difficulty in early diagnosis. ECR has received growing attention in recent years due to the increasing number of clinical cases. Several potential predisposing factors have been recognized in cross-sectional studies as well as case reports. In the meantime, studies on histopathology and pathogenesis have shed light on possible mechanisms of ECR. This review aims to summarize the latest findings in the pathogenesis and potential predisposing factors of ECR, so as to provide pragmatic reference for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Chen
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China.
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China.
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Zhang Q, Liu S, Zhang J, Ma X, Dong M, Sun B, Xin Y. Roles and regulatory mechanisms of miR-30b in cancer, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:44. [PMID: 33273973 PMCID: PMC7706387 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs 21-23 nucleotides in length that regulate gene expression, and thereby modulate signaling pathways and protein synthesis in both physiological and pathogenic processes. miR-30b inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in multiple types of cancer. In addition to its role in several types of neoplasias, miR-30b has been shown to exhibit essential roles in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In the present review, an overview of the biological functions of miR-30b and its role in the pathogenesis of neoplastic, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases is provided. miR-30b is a potential candidate for clinical development as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, therapeutic agent and drug target. However, further research is required to elucidate its role in health and disease and to harness its potential clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Shousheng Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
- Digestive Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Ma
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Mengzhen Dong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Baokai Sun
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Yongning Xin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
- Digestive Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
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Valverde A, Nares S, Naqvi AR. Impaired cell migration and structural defects in myeloid cells overexpressing miR-30b and miR-142-3p. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2020; 1863:194628. [PMID: 32979559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages (MΦ) and dendritic cells (DC) play a fundamental role in shaping immune responses by sensing a plethora of Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs), phagocytosis and antigen presentation to T lymphocytes. These important biological processes require efficient cell movement and an intact cellular morphology for dynamic interaction. The role of microRNAs (miRs) in this regard, however, is not well understood. In the present study, we show that miR-30b and miR-142-3p regulate migration and morphology of MΦ and DC. Transient overexpression of miR-30b and miR-142-3p attenuates migration and these cells display unique morphological deformities observed under electron microscopy. In addition, miR-142-3p overexpression in MΦ impaired phagocytosis of FITC-conjugated latex beads using live microscopy imaging. Interestingly, live cell imaging and F-actin staining revealed marked changes in the cell polarity and actin polymerization status, respectively. To identify miR-142-3p regulated pathways, we profiled global transcriptome changes in miR-142-3p or control mimic transfected DC. Expression of several genes were differentially altered by miR-142-3p and were associated with pathways related to cell movement, cell adhesion, and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Bioinformatics analysis identified a significant subset of downregulated genes with one or more predicted miR-142-3p binding sites in their 3'UTR strongly suggesting direct post-transcriptional impact of these miRNAs on multiple transcripts. Using dual luciferase assays, novel miR-142-3p binding sites were validated for three genes (Vinculin, Dab2 and Skap2) directly associated with cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell movement. In summary, our results show that miR-30b and miR-142-3p are regulators of myeloid cell cytoskeletal homeostasis and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Valverde
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States of America
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States of America
| | - Afsar Raza Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States of America.
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Shek D, Read SA, Akhuba L, Qiao L, Gao B, Nagrial A, Carlino MS, Ahlenstiel G. Non-coding RNA and immune-checkpoint inhibitors: friends or foes? Immunotherapy 2020; 12:513-529. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2019-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an abundant component of the human transcriptome. Their biological role, however, remains incompletely understood. Nevertheless, ncRNAs are highly associated with cancer development and progression due to their ability to modulate gene expression, protein translation and growth pathways. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are considered one of the most promising and highly effective therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. ICIs are monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints such as CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 signalling pathways that stimulate T cell cytotoxicity and can result in tumor growth suppression. This Review will summarize existing knowledge regarding ncRNAs and their role in cancer and ICI therapy. In addition, we will discuss potential mechanisms by which ncRNAs may influence ICI treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Shek
- Blacktown Clinical School & Research Centre, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Accreditation Centre, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Scott A Read
- Blacktown Clinical School & Research Centre, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Liia Akhuba
- Accreditation Centre, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Hospital & Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bo Gao
- Westmead Hospital & Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Adnan Nagrial
- Westmead Hospital & Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matteo S Carlino
- Westmead Hospital & Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Golo Ahlenstiel
- Blacktown Clinical School & Research Centre, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Naqvi AR, Brambila MF, Martínez G, Chapa G, Nares S. Dysregulation of human miRNAs and increased prevalence of HHV miRNAs in obese periodontitis subjects. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:51-61. [PMID: 30499589 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate human and herpesvirus-encoded microRNA (miRNA) expression in healthy and diseased gingiva of obese and non-obese subjects and compare the impact of localized and systemic inflammation on human miRNA profiles. MATERIAL AND METHODS Healthy and inflamed gingival biopsies were collected from obese and non-obese subjects. Human and herpesvirus miRNA expression was quantified using quantitative PCR. Predicted targets of dysregulated miRNAs were identified using bioinformatics analysis, validated by dual luciferase assays and their expression assessed in healthy and diseased tissues. RESULTS Our results show differential expression of miRNAs in both diseased groups compared to healthy counterparts. MMP-16 is identified as a novel target of miRNAs altered in disease. Expression analysis of genes predicted as target of differentially expressed miRNAs show significant changes in disease compared with healthy tissues. Finally, quantitation of four herpesvirus-derived viral miRNAs show that the expression and prevalence of herpesvirus miRNAs in diseased gingiva of obese subjects. CONCLUSION Our findings show that miRNA (both cellular and virus) expression is differentially responsive to local and systemic inflammation. Some of these miRNAs can modulate key cellular genes with direct consequences on inflammatory pathways suggesting their impact on oral tissue transcriptome and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar R Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maria F Brambila
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Gloria Martínez
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Chapa
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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14
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Herdoiza Padilla E, Crauwels P, Bergner T, Wiederspohn N, Förstner S, Rinas R, Ruf A, Kleemann M, Handrick R, Tuckermann J, Otte K, Walther P, Riedel CU. mir-124-5p Regulates Phagocytosis of Human Macrophages by Targeting the Actin Cytoskeleton via the ARP2/3 Complex. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2210. [PMID: 31636629 PMCID: PMC6787173 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis is a cellular process crucial for recognition and removal of apoptotic cells and foreign particles, subsequently initiating appropriate immune responses. The process of phagocytosis is highly complex and involves major rearrangements of the cytoskeleton. Due to its complexity and importance for tissue homoeostasis and immune responses, it is tightly regulated. Over the last decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of biological pathways including the immune response by fine-tuning expression of gene regulatory networks. In order to identify miRNAs implicated in the regulation of phagocytosis, a systematic screening of all currently known, human miRNAs was performed using THP-1 macrophage-like cells and serum-opsonized latex beads. Of the total of 2,566 miRNAs analyzed, several led to significant changes in phagocytosis. Among these, we validated miR-124-5p as a novel regulator of phagocytosis. Transfection with miR-124-5p mimics reduced the number of phagocytic cells as well as the phagocytic activity of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-activated THP-1 cells and ex vivo differentiated primary human macrophages. In silico analysis suggested that miR-124-5p targets genes involved in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Transcriptional analyses revealed that expression of genes encoding for several subunits of the ARP2/3 complex, a crucial regulator of actin polymerization, is reduced upon transfection of cells with miR-124-5p. Further in silico analyses identified potential binding motifs for miR-124-5p in the mRNAs of these genes. Luciferase reporter assays using these binding motifs indicate that at least two of the genes (ARPC3 and ARPC4) are direct targets of miR-124-5p. Moreover, ARPC3 and ARPC4 protein levels were significantly reduced following miR-124-5p transfection. Collectively, the presented results suggest that miR-124-5p regulates phagocytosis in human macrophages by directly targeting expression of components of the ARP2/3 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Crauwels
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tim Bergner
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicole Wiederspohn
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabrina Förstner
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rebecca Rinas
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna Ruf
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Kleemann
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Biberach, Germany
| | - René Handrick
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Biberach, Germany
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kerstin Otte
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Biberach, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian U Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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15
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Pettiette MT, Zhang S, Moretti AJ, Kim SJ, Naqvi AR, Nares S. MicroRNA Expression Profiles in External Cervical Resorption. J Endod 2019; 45:1106-1113.e2. [PMID: 31351582 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION External cervical resorption (ECR) has been challenging for its diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Its etiology and pathogenesis are largely unknown. This study characterized microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns of human tissues from ECR lesions and identified potential messenger RNA targets and pathways. METHODS Granulomatous tissues from ECR (n = 5) and their adjacent nonaffected asymptomatic gingival connective tissues (n = 5) were collected. Similarly, chronic periodontitis (CP) and control samples were collected (n = 3). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction array analysis compared the expression profiles of 88 miRNAs between diseases. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using the Student t test. Bioinformatics for messenger RNA (miRWalk) and KEGG pathway analyses were performed to identify predicted target genes and biological/cellular functions and signaling pathways. RESULTS Three miRNAs (miR-20a-5p, miR-210-3p, and miR-99a-4p) were significantly down-regulated and 1 miRNA (miR-122-5p) was significantly up-regulated in ECR (P < .05). One up-regulated and 1 down-regulated miRNA reached the significance threshold in CP. A comparison of miRNA expression in ECR and CP identified 3 differentially expressed miRNAs, indicating differences in disease pathobiology. Inflammation-associated Wnt, PI3K-Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling, and bone formation-associated transforming growth factor beta pathways were identified and predicted to be modulated by differentially expressed miRNAs in both ECR and CP. Biological processes unique to each disease entity were identified, such as T- and B-cell receptor signaling pathways, osteoclast differentiation, and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction for CP. Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, mineral absorption, and insulin signaling pathways for ECR were identified. CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-principle in vivo study indicated that ECR has both common and unique miRNA expression profiles in comparison with CP, which are predicted to target genes regulating inflammation, immunity, and metabolism of mineralized tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary T Pettiette
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
| | - Shaoping Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
| | - Antonio J Moretti
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Steven J Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Afsar R Naqvi
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Salvador Nares
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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16
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Naqvi AR, Shango J, Seal A, Shukla D, Nares S. Herpesviruses and MicroRNAs: New Pathogenesis Factors in Oral Infection and Disease? Front Immunol 2018; 9:2099. [PMID: 30319604 PMCID: PMC6170608 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity incessantly encounters a plethora of microorganisms. Effective and efficient oral innate and adaptive immune responses are incumbent to maintain healthy mucosa. A higher prevalence of Human Herpesviruses (HHV), a family of large enveloped DNA viruses, has been reported in multiple oral inflammatory diseases suggesting their involvement in disease progression. However, the viral components contributing to oral disease remain obscure. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are non-protein coding, single stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate diverse messenger RNAs. Thus, miRNAs can control large repertoire of biological processes. Changes in miRNA expression are associated with various oral infections and diseases. Cellular miRNAs can act as pro- or anti-viral factors and dysregulation of host miRNA expression occurs during herpesviruses infection. This strongly suggest a critical role of cellular miRNAs in host-herpesvirus interaction. Interestingly, HHV also encode multiple miRNAs (called viral miRNAs) that may play key role in host-pathogen interaction by modulating both host biological pathways and controlling viral life cycle. Recent studies from our laboratory have identified viral miRNAs (v-miRs) in diseased oral tissue biopsies and demonstrate their immunomodulatory roles. This review discusses the association of miRNAs (both host and viral) and herpesviruses in the pathogenesis of oral inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar R Naqvi
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jennifer Shango
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alexandra Seal
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Salvador Nares
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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17
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Naqvi AR, Seal A, Shango J, Shukla D, Nares S. In silico prediction of cellular gene targets of herpesvirus encoded microRNAs. Data Brief 2018; 19:249-255. [PMID: 29892642 PMCID: PMC5993014 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpesviruses have evolved to encode multiple microRNAs [viral miRNAs (v-miRs)], a unique feature of this family of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses. However, functional role of these v-miRs in host-pathogen interaction remains poorly studied. In this data, we examined the impact of oral disease associated v-miRs viz., miR-H1 [encoded by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1)] and miR-K12-3 [encoded by Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)] by identifying putative targets of viral miRNAs. We used our published microarray data (GSE107005) to identify the transcripts downregulated by the v-miRs. The 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of these genes were extracted using BioMart tool on Ensembl and subjected to RNA:RNA interaction employing RNA Hybrid. We obtained hundreds of potential and novel miR-H1 and miR-K12-3 binding sites on the 3′UTR of the genes downregulated by these v-miRs. The information can provide likely regulatory mechanisms of the candidate v-miRs through which they can exert biological impact during herpesvirus infection and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar R Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60612 USA
| | - Alexandra Seal
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60612 USA
| | - Jennifer Shango
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60612 USA
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60612 USA
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18
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Naqvi AR, Seal A, Shango J, Brambila MF, Martinez G, Chapa G, Hasan S, Yadavalli T, Jaishankar D, Shukla D, Nares S. Herpesvirus-encoded microRNAs detected in human gingiva alter host cell transcriptome and regulate viral infection. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1861:497-508. [PMID: 29550353 PMCID: PMC6016836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs of ~18-25 nucleotides that have gained extensive attention as critical regulators in complex gene networks including immune cell lineage commitment, differentiation, maturation, and maintenance of immune homeostasis and function. Many viruses encode miRNAs that directly downregulate the expression of factors of the innate immune system, which includes proteins involved in promoting apoptosis and recruitment. In this study, we examined the expression profiles of three previously identified viral miRNAs (v-miRs) from the human herpesvirus (HHV) family, HSV-1 (miR-H1), KSHV (miR-K12-3-3p), and HCMV (miR-US4) in healthy and diseased periodontal tissues and observed increased levels of v-miRs in diseased tissues. To understand the significance of this increase, we overexpressed v-miRs in human oral keratinocytes (HOK), a common target for various HHV, and analyzed the impact of miR-H1 and miR-K12-3-3p on the host transcriptome. More than 1300 genes were altered in HOK overexpressing miR-H1 and miR-K12-3-3p. Global pathway analysis of deregulated genes identified several key cellular pathways that may favor viral persistence. Using bioinformatic analysis, we predicted hundreds of potential v-miR binding sites on genes downregulated by miR-H1 and miR-K12-3-3p and validated three novel target v-miR sites suggesting widespread direct and indirect modulation of numerous host genes/pathways by a single v-miR. Finally, in vitro HSV-1 infection assays showed that miR-H1 can regulate viral entry and infection in human oral keratinocytes (HOK). Overall, our results demonstrate clinical and functional relevance of pathogenic viral molecules viz., v-miRs that regulate both host and viral functions and may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar R Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
| | - Alexandra Seal
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Jennifer Shango
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Maria F Brambila
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Gloria Martinez
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Chapa
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Shirin Hasan
- The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Tejabhiram Yadavalli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Dinesh Jaishankar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
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19
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Duffy FJ, Thompson E, Downing K, Suliman S, Mayanja-Kizza H, Boom WH, Thiel B, Weiner Iii J, Kaufmann SHE, Dover D, Tabb DL, Dockrell HM, Ottenhoff THM, Tromp G, Scriba TJ, Zak DE, Walzl G. A Serum Circulating miRNA Signature for Short-Term Risk of Progression to Active Tuberculosis Among Household Contacts. Front Immunol 2018; 9:661. [PMID: 29706954 PMCID: PMC5908968 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers that predict who among recently Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-exposed individuals will progress to active tuberculosis are urgently needed. Intracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the host response to MTB and circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) have been developed as biomarkers for other diseases. We performed machine-learning analysis of c-miRNA measurements in the serum of adult household contacts (HHCs) of TB index cases from South Africa and Uganda and developed a c-miRNA-based signature of risk for progression to active TB. This c-miRNA-based signature significantly discriminated HHCs within 6 months of progression to active disease from HHCs that remained healthy in an independent test set [ROC area under the ROC curve (AUC) 0.74, progressors < 6 Mo to active TB and ROC AUC 0.66, up to 24 Mo to active TB], and complements the predictions of a previous cellular mRNA-based signature of TB risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fergal J Duffy
- The Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ethan Thompson
- The Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Katrina Downing
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sara Suliman
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.,Department of Microbiology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - W Henry Boom
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Bonnie Thiel
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | | | | | - Drew Dover
- The Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - David L Tabb
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research and MRC Centre for TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Hazel M Dockrell
- Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tom H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Tromp
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research and MRC Centre for TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Thomas J Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Daniel E Zak
- The Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research and MRC Centre for TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
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20
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Naqvi AR, Shango J, Seal A, Shukla D, Nares S. Viral miRNAs Alter Host Cell miRNA Profiles and Modulate Innate Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:433. [PMID: 29559974 PMCID: PMC5845630 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of the members of herpesvirus family in oral inflammatory diseases is increasingly acknowledged suggesting their likely role as an etiological factor. However, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. In our recent miRNA profiling of healthy and diseased human tooth pulps, elevated expression of human herpesvirus encoded viral microRNAs (v-miRs) were identified. Based on the fold induction and significance values, we selected three v-miRs namely miR-K12-3-3p [Kaposi sarcoma-associated virus (KSHV)], miR-H1 [herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1)], and miR-UL-70-3p [human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)] to further examine their impact on host cellular functions. We examined their impact on cellular miRNA profiles of primary human oral keratinocytes (HOK). Our results show differential expression of several host miRNAs in v-miR-transfected HOK. High levels of v-miRs were detected in exosomes derived from v-miR transfected HOK as well as the KSHV-infected cell lines. We show that HOK-derived exosomes release their contents into macrophages (Mφ) and alter expression of endogenous miRNAs. Concurrent expression analysis of precursor (pre)-miRNA and mature miRNA suggest transcriptional or posttranscriptional impact of v-miRs on the cellular miRNAs. Employing bioinformatics, we predicted several pathways targeted by deregulated cellular miRNAs that include cytoskeletal organization, endocytosis, and cellular signaling. We validated three novel targets of miR-K12-3-3p and miR-H1 that are involved in endocytic and intracellular trafficking pathways. To evaluate the functional consequence of this regulation, we performed phagocytic uptake of labeled bacteria and noticed significant attenuation in miR-H1 and miR-K12-3-3p but not miR-UL70-3p transfected primary human Mφ. Multiple cytokine analysis of E. coli challenged Mφ revealed marked reduction of secreted cytokine levels with important roles in innate and adaptive immune responses suggesting a role of v-miRs in immune subversion. Our findings reveal that oral disease associated v-miRs can dysregulate functions of key host cells that shape oral mucosal immunity thus exacerbating disease severity and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar R. Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics-Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jennifer Shango
- Department of Periodontics-Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alexandra Seal
- Department of Periodontics-Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics-Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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21
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Abstract
Macrophages (MØs) are a key cell type of both the innate and the adaptive immune response and can tailor their response to prevailing conditions. To sense the host's status, MØs employ two classes of receptors: Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are sensors for pathogen-derived material, and Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) that are detectors of the adaptive immune response. How MØs integrate the input from these various sensors is not understood and is the focus of active study. Here, we review the recent literature on the molecular mechanisms of TLR and FcgR crosstalk and synergy, and discuss the implications of these findings. This overview suggests a multilayered mechanism of receptor synergy that allows the MØ to fine-tune its response to prevailing conditions and provides ideas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lennartz
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12008, USA
| | - James Drake
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12008, USA
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22
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Self-Fordham JB, Naqvi AR, Uttamani JR, Kulkarni V, Nares S. MicroRNA: Dynamic Regulators of Macrophage Polarization and Plasticity. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1062. [PMID: 28912781 PMCID: PMC5583156 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of a healthy immune system to clear the plethora of antigens it encounters incessantly relies on the enormous plasticity displayed by the comprising cell types. Macrophages (MΦs) are crucial member of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) that constantly patrol the peripheral tissues and are actively recruited to the sites of injury and infection. In tissues, infiltrating monocytes replenish MΦ. Under the guidance of the local micro-milieu, MΦ can be activated to acquire specialized functional phenotypes. Similar to T cells, functional polarization of macrophage phenotype viz., inflammatory (M1) and reparative (M2) is proposed. Equipped with diverse toll-like receptors (TLRs), these cells of the innate arm of immunity recognize and phagocytize antigens and secrete cytokines that activate the adaptive arm of the immune system and perform key roles in wound repair. Dysregulation of MΦ plasticity has been associated with various diseases and infection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of transcriptome output. Their importance in maintaining health, and their contribution toward disease, encompasses virtually all aspects of human biology. Our understanding of miRNA-mediated regulation of MΦ plasticity and polarization can be utilized to modulate functional phenotypes to counter their role in the pathogenesis of numerous disease, including cancer, autoimmunity, periodontitis, etc. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge regarding the role of miRNA in shaping MΦ polarization and plasticity through targeting of various pathways and genes. Identification of miRNA biomarkers of diagnostic/prognostic value and their therapeutic potential by delivery of miRNA mimics or inhibitors to dynamically alter gene expression profiles in vivo is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Afsar Raza Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Juhi Raju Uttamani
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Varun Kulkarni
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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23
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Kulkarni V, Uttamani JR, Naqvi AR, Nares S. microRNAs: Emerging players in oral cancers and inflammatory disorders. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698379. [PMID: 28459366 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Association of oral diseases and disorders with altered microRNA profiles is firmly recognized. These evidences support the potential use of microRNAs as therapeutic tools for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of various diseases. In this review, we highlight the association of altered microRNA signatures in oral cancers and oral inflammatory diseases. Advances in our ability to detect microRNAs in human sera and saliva further highlight their clinical value as potential biomarkers. We have discussed key mechanisms underlying microRNA dysregulation in pathological conditions. The use of microRNAs in diagnostics and their potential therapeutic value in the treatment of oral diseases are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Kulkarni
- 1 Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Juhi Raju Uttamani
- 1 Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Afsar Raza Naqvi
- 1 Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Salvador Nares
- 1 Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Kumar Kingsley SM, Vishnu Bhat B. Role of MicroRNAs in the development and function of innate immune cells. Int Rev Immunol 2017; 36:154-175. [DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2017.1284212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Manoj Kumar Kingsley
- Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - B. Vishnu Bhat
- Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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25
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Naqvi AR, Fordham JB, Ganesh B, Nares S. miR-24, miR-30b and miR-142-3p interfere with antigen processing and presentation by primary macrophages and dendritic cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32925. [PMID: 27611009 PMCID: PMC5017188 DOI: 10.1038/srep32925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen uptake, processing and presentation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) are tightly coupled processes which consequently lead to the activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the regulatory role of microRNA (miRNAs) in these critical pathways is poorly understood. In this study, we show that overexpression of miR-24, miR-30b and miR-142-3p attenuates uptake and processing of soluble antigen ovalbumin (Ova) in primary human macrophages and dendritic cells. MiRNA mimic transfected APCs exhibit defects in antigen presentation (Ova and CMV antigen) to CD4+ T-cells leading to reduced cell proliferation. Using transgenic OT-II mice we demonstrated that this impairment in T-cell proliferation is specific to antigen provided i.e., Ova. Further, human T-cells co-cultured with miRNA transfected dendritic cells secrete low levels of T helper (Th)-1 polarization associated cytokines. Analysis of molecules regulating APC and T-cell receptor interaction shows miRNA-mediated induced expression of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) which inhibits T-cell proliferation. Blocking PD-L1 with antibodies rescues miRNA-mediated inhibition of T cell priming by DCs. These results uncover regulatory functions of miR-24, miR-30b and miR-142-3p in pairing innate and adaptive components of immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar Raza Naqvi
- Department of Periodontology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jezrom B Fordham
- Department of Periodontology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Balaji Ganesh
- Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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