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Mir IN, Uddin N, Liao J, Brown LS, Leon R, Chalak LF, Savani RC, Rosenfeld CR. Placental clearance not synthesis tempers exaggerated pro-inflammatory cytokine response in neonates exposed to chorioamnionitis. Pediatr Res 2023; 93:675-681. [PMID: 35690685 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02147-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The source and clearance of cytokines in the fetal circulation in term pregnancies complicated by chorioamnionitis remains unclear as are the contributions of placental transport, synthesis, and clearance. The objectives of the study were to determine (1) fetal and/or placental contributions to synthesis and/or clearance of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in term pregnancies complicated by chorioamnionitis and (2) whether this differs in pregnancies further complicated by fetal hypoxia. METHODS Prospective cohort study of pregnancies >37 weeks gestational age that included: Group 1, uncomplicated cesarean delivery without labor (n = 20); Group 2, uncomplicated vaginal delivery (n = 30); Group 3, pregnancies complicated by chorioamnionitis (n = 10); Group 4, complicated by chorioamnionitis + fetal hypoxia (n = 10). Umbilical arterial (UmA) and venous (UmV) blood were assayed for IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, and IL-10. RESULTS IL-6 and IL-8 were below assay detection in UmA and UmV blood in Group 1 and increased in Group 2 (P < 0.01), UmA»UmV (P < 0.01). Their concentrations increased further in Groups 3 and 4 (P = 0.003), UmA»UmV. Placental clearance was concentration dependent that approaches saturation in the presence of chorioamnionitis. CONCLUSIONS Marked increases in fetal synthesis of IL-6 and IL-8 occur in chorioamnionitis. Synthesis increase further when complicated by fetal hypoxia. Cytokine removal occurs via placental concentration-dependent mechanisms, potentially contributing to adverse fetal effects. IMPACT The source and role of the placenta in synthesis and/or clearance of inflammatory mediators in term pregnancies complicated by clinical chorioamnionitis are unclear; however, conventional wisdom suggests the placenta is their source. This is the first study demonstrating that circulating concentrations of fetal IL-6 and IL-8 in clinical chorioamnionitis ± birth asphyxia in term pregnancies are of fetal origin. Circulating fetal inflammatory cytokines are cleared by concentration-dependent placental mechanisms that are nearly saturated in chorioamnionitis ± fetal hypoxia. These observations provide additional insight into understanding the fetal immune response in term pregnancies complicated by clinical chorioamnionitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran N Mir
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Naseem Uddin
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jie Liao
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,The Center for Pulmonary & Vascular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Larry S Brown
- Parkland Health and Hospital Systems, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rachel Leon
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lina F Chalak
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rashmin C Savani
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,The Center for Pulmonary & Vascular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Charles R Rosenfeld
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Qiu L, Liu X, Li W, Liu Z, Xu C, Xia H. Downregulation of p300/CBP-associated factor inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis via suppression of NF-κB pathway in ischaemia/reperfusion injury rats. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10224-10235. [PMID: 34601814 PMCID: PMC8572777 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is the main reason of cardiac injury after myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (MIRI), but the role of p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) on myocardial apoptosis in MIRI is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the main mechanism of PCAF modulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis in MIRI. The MIRI model was constructed by ligation of the rat left anterior descending coronary vessel for 30 min and reperfusion for 24 h in vivo. H9c2 cells were harvested after induced by hypoxia for 6 h and then reoxygenation for 24 h (H/R) in vitro. The RNA interference PCAF expression adenovirus was transfected into rat myocardium and H9c2 cells. The area of myocardial infarction, cardiac function, myocardial injury marker levels, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress were detected respectively. Both I/R and H/R remarkably upregulated the expression of PCAF, and downregulation of PCAF significantly attenuated myocardial apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress caused by I/R and H/R. In addition, downregulation of PCAF inhibited the activation of NF-κB signalling pathway in cardiomyocytes undergoing H/R. Pretreatment of lipopolysaccharide, a NF-κB pathway activator, could blunt these protective effects of PCAF downregulation on myocardial apoptosis in MIRI. These results highlight that downregulation of PCAF could reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, thereby providing protection for MIRI. Therefore, PCAF might be a promising target for protecting against cardiac dysfunction induced by MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhebo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changwu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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3
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Benner M, Lopez-Rincon A, Thijssen S, Garssen J, Ferwerda G, Joosten I, van der Molen RG, Hogenkamp A. Antibiotic Intervention Affects Maternal Immunity During Gestation in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:685742. [PMID: 34512624 PMCID: PMC8428513 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.685742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy is a portentous stage in life, during which countless events are precisely orchestrated to ensure a healthy offspring. Maternal microbial communities are thought to have a profound impact on development. Although antibiotic drugs may interfere in these processes, they constitute the most frequently prescribed medication during pregnancy to prohibit detrimental consequences of infections. Gestational antibiotic intervention is linked to preeclampsia and negative effects on neonatal immunity. Even though perturbations in the immune system of the mother can affect reproductive health, the impact of microbial manipulation on maternal immunity is still unknown. Aim To assess whether antibiotic treatment influences maternal immunity during pregnancy. Methods Pregnant mice were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. The maternal gut microbiome was assessed. Numerous immune parameters throughout the maternal body, including placenta and amniotic fluid were investigated and a novel machine-learning ensemble strategy was used to identify immunological parameters that allow distinction between the control and antibiotic-treated group. Results Antibiotic treatment reduced diversity of maternal microbiota, but litter sizes remained unaffected. Effects of antibiotic treatment on immunity reached as far as the placenta. Four immunological features were identified by recursive feature selection to contribute to the most robust classification (splenic T helper 17 cells and CD5+ B cells, CD4+ T cells in mesenteric lymph nodes and RORγT mRNA expression in placenta). Conclusion In the present study, antibiotic treatment was able to affect the carefully coordinated immunity during pregnancy. These findings highlight the importance of inclusion of immunological parameters when studying the effects of medication used during gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilen Benner
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Lopez-Rincon
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Data Science, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Suzan Thijssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Division of Immunology, Danone Nutricia Research B.V., Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gerben Ferwerda
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Irma Joosten
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Renate G van der Molen
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Astrid Hogenkamp
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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4
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Heymans C, den Dulk M, Lenaerts K, Heij LR, de Lange IH, Hadfoune M, van Heugten C, Kramer BW, Jobe AH, Saito M, Kemp MW, Wolfs TGAM, van Gemert WG. Chorioamnionitis induces hepatic inflammation and time-dependent changes of the enterohepatic circulation in the ovine fetus. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10331. [PMID: 33990635 PMCID: PMC8121927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chorioamnionitis, inflammation of fetal membranes, is an important cause of preterm birth and a risk factor for the development of adverse neonatal outcomes including sepsis and intestinal pathologies. Intestinal bile acids (BAs) accumulation and hepatic cytokine production are involved in adverse intestinal outcomes. These findings triggered us to study the liver and enterohepatic circulation (EHC) following intra-amniotic (IA) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. An ovine chorioamnionitis model was used in which circulatory cytokines and outcomes of the liver and EHC of preterm lambs were longitudinally assessed following IA administration of 10 mg LPS at 5, 12 or 24h or 2, 4, 8 or 15d before preterm birth. Hepatic inflammation was observed, characterized by increased hepatic cytokine mRNA levels (5h - 2d post IA LPS exposure) and increased erythropoietic clusters (at 8 and 15 days post IA LPS exposure). Besides, 12h after IA LPS exposure, plasma BA levels were increased, whereas gene expression levels of several hepatic BA transporters were decreased. Initial EHC alterations normalized over time. Concluding, IA LPS exposure induces significant time-dependent changes in the fetal liver and EHC. These chorioamnionitis induced changes have potential postnatal consequences and the duration of IA LPS exposure might be essential herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathelijne Heymans
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel den Dulk
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kaatje Lenaerts
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lara R Heij
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ilse H de Lange
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mhamed Hadfoune
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Chantal van Heugten
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Boris W Kramer
- Department of Pediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center +, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Alan H Jobe
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Division of Neonatology/Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, The Perinatal Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Masatoshi Saito
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Center for Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Matthew W Kemp
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Tim G A M Wolfs
- Department of Pediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering (BMT), School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 5800, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Wim G van Gemert
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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