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Omar G, Abdallah L, Barakat A, Othman R, Bourinee H. In vitro haemostatic efficacy of aqueous, methanol and ethanol plant extracts of three medicinal plant species in Palestine. BRAZ J BIOL 2020; 80:763-768. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.219186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract The haemostatic efficacy of different extract types of Satureja thymbra L., Thymbra spicata L. (Lamiaceae) and Verbascum fruticulosum Post. (Scrophulariaceae) was evaluated in this study via the Prothrombin time (PT) and Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) analysis. Aqueous, methanol and ethanol extracts of the examined plant species leaves were prepared to a final concentration 50 mg/mL. In vitro PT and aPTT assays were conducted on normal platelet poor plasma blood samples by a digital coagulation analyzer. The obtained results revealed anticoagulation activity of all investigated plant species with observed variations among them. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of T. spicata as well as the aqueous extract of S. thymbra prolonged PT values significantly (p < 0.05). While, all V. fruticulosum extract types have had no significant effect on the PT values. The recorded aPTT data showed that all aqueous extracts have had a significant effect on the blood haemostasis as they increased aPTT values in all plant species under study. Out of which, both the ethanol and methanol extracts of T. spicata and methanol extract of S. thymbra showed similar effect. Of great concern, it was clearly noticed that the aqueous and ethanol extract of T. spicata and the aqueous extract of S. thymbra possess the strongest anticoagulation effect as they increased both PT and aPTT values significantly relative to the control (p < 0.05). The variable anticoagulation bioactivity among the studied plant species could be referred to the various solvents degrees of solubility of different phyto-constituents. Thus, the efficacy of the plant species extracts evaluation as anticoagulants or coagulants were related to the plant species and to the solvent of extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Omar
- An-Najah National University, Palestine
| | | | | | - R. Othman
- An-Najah National University, Palestine
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Satti HH, Khaleel EF, Badi RM, Elrefaie AO, Mostafa DG. Subacute administration of Astaxanthin inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13407. [PMID: 32725659 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of Astaxanthin (ASTX) on levels and activities of the clotting factors in control rats. Untreated or ASTX-treated rats (10 mg/kg, dissolved in DMSO) were used in this study. ASTX treatment was conducted for 10 days daily. ASTX significantly decreased the platelet count and prolonged values of prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time (PT and aPTT, respectively). Besides, it significantly reduced serum levels of vitamin K and the plasma activities and hepatic expression of vitamin K-dependent factors (FII, FVII, FIX, and FX) without altering the activities or levels of all other clotting factors nor plasma levels of fibrinogen or von Willebrand Factor. These effects were associated with a reduction in serum and fecal levels of cholesterol and triglycerides and lower serum levels of LDL-c. In conclusion, ASTX exerts an in vivo hypocoagulant effects mediated by the inhibition of vitamin K-dependent factors. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The findings presented here are the first that show the ability of Astaxanthin (ASTX) to inhibit coagulation in rats by suppressing the circulatory levels of Vitamin K and decrease the synthesis and release of all Vitamin-K dependent factor (FII, FVII, FIX, and FX). Since some synthetic anti-coagulants had side effects, these findings may illustrate ASTX as a natural anti-coagulant with fewer side effects that require further investigation in more clinical trials. Besides, awareness should be established for those individuals with some bleeding disorders who are being treated with ASTX for other beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda H Satti
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Eman F Khaleel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Badi
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Amany O Elrefaie
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- National Liver Institute, Department of Pathology, Menoufyia University, Menoufyia, Egypt
| | - Dalia G Mostafa
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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He Y, Ao DH, Li XQ, Zhong SS, A R, Wang YY, Xiang YJ, Xu BL, Yang TT, Gao XG, Liu GZ. Increased Soluble CD137 Levels and CD4+ T-Cell-Associated Expression of CD137 in Acute Atherothrombotic Stroke. Clin Transl Sci 2018; 11:428-434. [PMID: 29697202 PMCID: PMC6039206 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As a proinflammatory cytokine, CD137 (4‐1BB, TNFRSF9) is present in membrane‐bound and soluble forms. Increased expression of CD137 was recently found in T cells in human atherosclerotic plaques. However, the exact role of CD137 in ischemic stroke is not clear. In this study we analyzed the protein levels of soluble CD137 (sCD137) and the expression of CD137 on CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with acute atherothrombotic stroke by using the cytometry beads array (CBA) and flow cytometry. Within 24 hours of onset, the stroke patients showed elevated levels of sCD137 (2.7 pg/ml) and CD137 expression on CD4+ T cells (4.9 ± 3.2%) compared with normal controls (1.1 pg/ml, P < 0.01; 1.3 ± 1.0%, P < 0.01). Alterations in CD137 expression may enhance ischemia‐induced inflammatory responses via bidirectional signaling and, consequently, aggravate brain injury in early stages of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang He
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Hui Ao
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong A
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang-Yang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Juan Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Lei Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Yang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Guang Gao
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Zhi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Shahat AA, Alsaid MS, Rafatullah S, Al-Sohaibani MO, Parvez MK, Al-Dosari MS, Exarchou V, Pieters L. Treatment with Rhus tripartita extract curtails isoproterenol-elicited cardiotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:351. [PMID: 27608980 PMCID: PMC5017009 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1318-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of plant-derived nutraceuticals and crude drugs in traditional medicine is widely believed to confer beneficial effects in thwarting the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Rhus tripartita (family Anacardiaceae) has been traditionally used to treat a wide range of ailments. METHODS In the present study we investigated the protective effects of an alcoholic extract of the stem part of Rhus tripartita male genotype (RTSM) on experimentally induced myocardial injury in rats. To this end, cardiac injury was induced by administration of isoproterenol (ISO) and serum enzyme markers, lipid profiles and cardiac tissue redox status were determined following RTSM treatment (250 and 500 mg/kg). RESULTS As a result, RTSM treatment significantly mitigated ISO-triggered upregulation of cardiac-specific markers of injury creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. RTSM treatment significantly attenuated ISO-induced increase in serum cholesterol and triglycerides as well alterations in serum lipoproteins. Determination of oxidative balance showed that RTSM treatment significantly blunted ISO-induced increase in malondialdehyde and decrease in nonprotein sulfhydryl in cardiac tissue. Six compounds were isolated and identified as gallocatechin 1, taxifolin 2, myricetin-3-O-β-glucoside 3, catechin 4, epicatechin 5, and 3',8-binaringenin 6. Compound 6 was isolated for the first time from the stem part of Rhus tripartita. Furthermore, RTSM treatment enhanced the survival fraction of cardiac cells exposed to oxidative stress in vitro. CONCLUSION We conclude that the antioxidant properties of RTSM treatment underpin its cardioprotective pharmacological effects, thus, providing biological evidence for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases using Rhus tripartita in indigenous medicine.
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Kalhor N, Mardani M, Abdollahzadeh S, Vakof M, Zadeh ME, Tehrani KHME, Kobarfard F, Mohebbi S. NovelN-Substituted ((1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)benzohydrazides and ((1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-phenylhydrazines: Synthesis and Antiplatelet Aggregation Activity. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Kalhor
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan 45139-56184 Iran
| | - Matin Mardani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan 45139-56184 Iran
| | - Sepideh Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan 45139-56184 Iran
| | - Mona Vakof
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan 45139-56184 Iran
| | - Marjan Esfahani Zadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Phytochemistry Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | | | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Phytochemistry Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Shohreh Mohebbi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan 45139-56184 Iran
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Eckel RH, Cornier MA. Update on the NCEP ATP-III emerging cardiometabolic risk factors. BMC Med 2014; 12:115. [PMID: 25154373 PMCID: PMC4283079 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-12-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The intent of this review is to update the science of emerging cardiometabolic risk factors that were listed in the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel-III (ATP-III) report of 2001 (updated in 2004). At the time these guidelines were published, the evidence was felt to be insufficient to recommend these risk factors for routine screening of cardiovascular disease risk. However, the panel felt that prudent use of these biomarkers for patients at intermediate risk of a major cardiovascular event over the subsequent 10 years might help identify patients who needed more aggressive low density lipoprotein (LDL) or non-high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol lowering therapy. While a number of other emerging risk factors have been identified, this review will be limited to assessing the data and recommendations for the use of apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, pro-thrombotic factors, inflammatory factors, impaired glucose metabolism, and measures of subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease for further cardiovascular disease risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Eckel
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop 8106, 12801 E 17th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Marc-Andre Cornier
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop 8106, 12801 E 17th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
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The extrinsic coagulation cascade and tissue factor pathway inhibitor in macrophages: a potential therapeutic opportunity for atherosclerotic thrombosis. Thromb Res 2014; 133:657-66. [PMID: 24485401 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The coagulation protease cascade plays the central requisite role in initiation of arterial atherothrombosis. However, the relative participation of the extrinsic as compared to the intrinsic pathway is incompletely resolved. We have investigated in vivo the relative importance of the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways to define which is more essential to atherothrombosis and therefore the preferable prophylactic therapeutic target. We further addressed which type of plaque associated macrophage population is associated with the thrombotic propensity of atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS Both photochemical injury and ferric chloride vascular injury models demonstrated arterial thrombosis formation in ApoE deficient mice. We found that direct interference with the extrinsic pathway, but not the intrinsic pathway, markedly diminished the rate of thrombus formation and occlusion of atherosclerotic carotid arteries following experimental challenge. To explore which plaque macrophage subtype may participate in plaque thrombosis in regard to expression tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), bone marrow derived macrophages of both M and GM phenotypes expressed tissue factor (TF), but the level of TFPI was much greater in M- type macrophages, which exhibited diminished thrombogenic activity, compared to type GM-macrophages. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Our works support the hypothesis that the TF-initiated and direct extrinsic pathway provides the more significant contribution to arterial plaque thrombogenesis. Activation of the TF driven extrinsic pathway can be influenced by differing colony-stimulating factor influenced macrophage TFPI-1 expression. These results advance our understanding of atherothrombosis and identify potential therapeutic targets associated with the extrinsic pathway and with macrophages populating arterial atherosclerotic plaques.
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Arranz S, Valderas-Martinez P, Chiva-Blanch G, Casas R, Urpi-Sarda M, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Estruch R. Cardioprotective effects of cocoa: Clinical evidence from randomized clinical intervention trials in humans. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:936-47. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Arranz
- Department of Internal Medicine; Hospital Clínic; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Palmira Valderas-Martinez
- Department of Internal Medicine; Hospital Clínic; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- RETIC Alimentación saludable; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Gemma Chiva-Blanch
- Department of Internal Medicine; Hospital Clínic; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- Department of Internal Medicine; Hospital Clínic; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Mireia Urpi-Sarda
- Department of Internal Medicine; Hospital Clínic; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, XaRTA, INSA, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventos
- CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- RETIC Alimentación saludable; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, XaRTA, INSA, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine; Hospital Clínic; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- RETIC Alimentación saludable; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
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Tjärnlund-Wolf A, Brogren H, Lo EH, Wang X. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and thrombotic cerebrovascular diseases. Stroke 2012; 43:2833-9. [PMID: 22879095 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.111.622217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tjärnlund-Wolf
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13 Street, Room 2411A, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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Antiplatelet effect of new lipophilic hydroxytyrosol alkyl ether derivatives in human blood. Eur J Nutr 2012; 52:591-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-012-0361-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
CONTEXT Herbal remedies are used to treat a large variety of diseases, including blood-related disorders. However, a number of herbal preparations have been reported to cause variations in clotting time, this is mainly by disruption of the coagulation cascade. OBJECTIVE The compiling of plants investigated for effects on the coagulation cascade. METHODS Information was withdrawn from Google Scholar and the journal databases Scopus and PubMed. RESULTS Sixty-five herbal remedies were identified with antiplatelet, anticoagulant, or coagulating ability. Bioactive compounds included polyphenols, taxanes, coumarins, saponins, fucoidans, and polysaccharides. CONCLUSION Although research has been conducted on the effect of herbal remedies on coagulation, most information relies on in vitro assays. Contradictory evidence is present on bleeding risks with herbal uses, though herb-drug interactions pose a threat. As the safety of many herbals has not been proven, nor their effect on blood parameters determined, the use of herbal preparations before undergoing any surgical procedure should discontinued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Cordier
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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