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Jaguva Vasudevan AA, Hoffmann MJ, Poschmann G, Petzsch P, Wiek C, Stühler K, Köhrer K, Schulz WA, Niegisch G. Proteomic and transcriptomic profiles of human urothelial cancer cells with histone deacetylase 5 overexpression. Sci Data 2022; 9:240. [PMID: 35624179 PMCID: PMC9142574 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the urinary bladder is a prevalent cancer worldwide. Because histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important factors in cancer, targeting these epigenetic regulators is considered an attractive strategy to develop novel anticancer drugs. Whereas HDAC1 and HDAC2 promote UC, HDAC5 is often downregulated and only weakly expressed in UC cell lines, suggesting a tumor-suppressive function. We studied the effect of stable lentiviral-mediated HDAC5 overexpression in four UC cell lines with different phenotypes (RT112, VM-Cub-1, SW1710, and UM-UC-3, each with vector controls). In particular, comprehensive proteomics and RNA-seq transcriptomics analyses were performed on the four cell line pairs, which are described here. For comparison, the immortalized benign urothelial cell line HBLAK was included. These datasets will be a useful resource for researchers studying UC, and especially the influence of HDAC5 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, these data will inform studies on HDAC5 as a less studied member of the HDAC family in other cell types and diseases, especially fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Ayyappan Jaguva Vasudevan
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,Structural Cell Biology Group, Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Michèle J Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Constanze Wiek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Schulz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Govoni VM, Pigoli C, Sueiro FAR, Zuliani F, da Silva TO, Quitzan JG, Laufer-Amorim R, Grieco V, Fonseca-Alves CE. Lymphatic invasion is a significant indicator of poor patient outcome in canine bladder urothelial carcinoma. Open Vet J 2021; 11:535-543. [PMID: 35070848 PMCID: PMC8770177 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2021.v11.i4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urothelial carcinoma (UC), also known as transitional cell carcinoma, is the most common malignant tumor of the canine urinary bladder and represents a model for studying human bladder cancer. However, the existing literature has limited data on the clinicopathological characteristics of these tumors and their prognostic value. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate such factors, correlating them with follow-up, in a group of 32 dogs with bladder UC. METHODS Clinical data of these cases, submitted to São Paulo State University and VetPat Private Laboratory (São Paulo/Brazil), were recorded between January 2000 and November 2019. For each case, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and histologically evaluated. Survival analysis was carried out, and the prognostic value of the presence of lymphatic invasion and the treatment used was determined. RESULTS Dogs with neoplastic lymphatic vessel invasion had a lower overall survival compared to those without lymphatic invasion, and dogs that received vinblastine in addition to surgery had higher global survival when compared to animals that received carboplatin in addition to surgery. CONCLUSION The results obtained show the importance of further studies regarding the prognostic value of the two factors demonstrated as potential survival predictors, especially the lymphatic vessel invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verônica M. Govoni
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Claudio Pigoli
- Laboratorio di Istologia, Sede Territoriale di Milano, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna (IZSLER), Milan, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fernanda Zuliani
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Thayná O. da Silva
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Juliany G. Quitzan
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Renee Laufer-Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Valeria Grieco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
- Institute of Health Sciences, Paulista University—UNIP, Bauru-SP, Brazil
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Prediction of Bladder Cancer Treatment Side Effects Using an Ontology-Based Reasoning for Enhanced Patient Health Safety. INFORMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/informatics8030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Predicting potential cancer treatment side effects at time of prescription could decrease potential health risks and achieve better patient satisfaction. This paper presents a new approach, founded on evidence-based medical knowledge, using as much information and proof as possible to help a computer program to predict bladder cancer treatment side effects and support the oncologist’s decision. This will help in deciding treatment options for patients with bladder malignancies. Bladder cancer knowledge is complex and requires simplification before any attempt to represent it in a formal or computerized manner. In this work we rely on the capabilities of OWL ontologies to seamlessly capture and conceptualize the required knowledge about this type of cancer and the underlying patient treatment process. Our ontology allows case-based reasoning to effectively predict treatment side effects for a given set of contextual information related to a specific medical case. The ontology is enriched with proofs and evidence collected from online biomedical research databases using “web crawlers”. We have exclusively designed the crawler algorithm to search for the required knowledge based on a set of specified keywords. Results from the study presented 80.3% of real reported bladder cancer treatment side-effects prediction and were close to really occurring adverse events recorded within the collected test samples when applying the approach. Evidence-based medicine combined with semantic knowledge-based models is prominent in generating predictions related to possible health concerns. The integration of a diversity of knowledge and evidence into one single integrated knowledge-base could dramatically enhance the process of predicting treatment risks and side effects applied to bladder cancer oncotherapy.
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Zhang X, Li X, Fu X, Yu M, Qin G, Chen G, Huang C. Circular RNA TAF4B Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression by Sponging miR-1298-5p and Regulating TGFA Expression. Front Oncol 2021; 11:643362. [PMID: 34322376 PMCID: PMC8312550 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.643362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (Bca) is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been recognized as key regulators in tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying circRNAs involved in the progression of BCa remain largely unknown. METHODS We detected the expression level of circular RNA TAF4B (circTAF4B) by qRT-PCR assay. Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to measure cell migration and invasion capability. Moreover, we performed qRT-PCR and western blotting assays to determine the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. A nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation assay was used to measure the subcellular location of circTAF4B. RNA pull-down and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to detect the target microRNA of circTAF4B. A mouse xenograft model was produced to analyze the effect of circTAF4B on the tumorigenesis of BCa. RESULTS In this study, we identified a novel circular RNA, circTAF4B, that is significantly upregulated in BCa and correlated with poor prognosis. Downregulated circTAF4B abolished the growth, metastasis and EMT process in BCa cells. Mechanistically, we found that circTAF4B facilitated the expression of transforming growth factor A (TGFA) by sponging miR-1298-5p. Finally, circTAF4B enhanced the proliferation and EMT process of BCa cells in vivo. CONCLUSION In summary, our study demonstrated that circTAF4B played a carcinogenic role in the growth, metastasis, and EMT process of BCa by regulating the miR-1298-5p/TGFA axis. Thus, circTAF4B may become a diagnostic and therapeutic target for BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhang
- Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xian Fu
- Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengli Yu
- Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guicheng Qin
- Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guihong Chen
- Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenchen Huang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Nanaomycin K inhibited epithelial mesenchymal transition and tumor growth in bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9217. [PMID: 33911182 PMCID: PMC8080577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanaomycin K, derived from Streptomyces rosa subsp. notoensis OS-3966T, has been discovered to have inhibitory bioactivity on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an important mechanism of cancer cell invasion and migration. In this study, we examined the anti-EMT and anti-tumor effect of nanaomycin K in bladder cancer, where EMT has important roles in progression. We treated two bladder cancer lines, non-muscle-invasive KK47 and muscle-invasive T24, with nanaomycin K to determine the effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis and expression of EMT markers in vitro. Wound-healing assays were performed to assess cell invasion and migration. We conducted an in vivo xenograft study in which mice were inoculated with bladder cancer cells and treated with intratumoral administration of nanaomycin K to investigate its anti-tumor and EMT inhibition effects. As the results, nanaomycin K (50 µg/mL) significantly inhibited cell proliferation in KK47 (p < 0.01) and T24 (p < 0.01) in the presence of TGF-β, which is an EMT-inducer. Nanaomycin K (50 µg/mL) also significantly inhibited cell migration in KK47 (p < 0.01) and T24 (p < 0.01), and induced apoptosis in both cell lines in the presence of TGF-β (p < 0.01). Nanaomycin K increased the expression of E-cadherin and inhibited the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin in both cell lines. Nanaomycin K also decreased expression of Snail, Slug, phospho-p38 and phospho-SAPK/JNK especially in T24. Intratumoral administration of nanaomycin K significantly inhibited tumor growth in both KK47 and T24 cells at high dose (1.0 mg/body) (p = 0.009 and p = 0.003, respectively) with no obvious adverse events. In addition, nanaomycin K reversed EMT and significantly inhibited the expression of Ki-67 especially in T24. In conclusion, we demonstrated that nanaomycin K had significant anti-EMT and anti-tumor effects in bladder cancer cells, suggesting that nanaomycin K may be a therapeutic candidate for bladder cancer treatment.
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Huang H, Fan X, Zhang X, Xie Y, Ji Z. LncRNA CARLo-7 facilitates proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of bladder cancer cells by regulating Wnt/β-catenin and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:2251-2261. [PMID: 33209690 PMCID: PMC7658127 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been found to enroll in the initiation and progression of bladder cancer (BC). Earlier results show cancer-associated region long noncoding RNA-7 (CARLo-7) can be a prognostic marker for BC, but its biological function and the underlying mechanism is still to be discovered. Our study aims to explore the effects of CARLo-7 on the initiation and progression of BC and the potential mechanisms. Methods The expression of CARLo-7 in BC tissues and cell lines was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). T24 and HT1197 cells were transfected with CARLo-7 expression vector or sh-CARLo-7, then cell viability assay, BrdU assay, flow cytometry, Transwell cell migration, and invasion assay, and western blot were conducted to evaluate cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Results CARLo-7 was dramatically upregulated in BC tissues and cell lines. Silencing CARLo-7 by sh-CARLo-7 significantly suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis of BC cells, while enforced CARLo-7 expression promoted cell proliferation. Meanwhile, silencing CARLo-7 attenuated migration, invasion, and EMT of BC cells, while CARLo-7 overexpression had the contrary effects. The β-catenin, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 levels were decreased by CARLo-7 knockdown, while activation of Wnt/β-catenin or JAK2/STAT3 pathways abolished the effects of CARLo-7 knockdown on cell proliferation and migration. Conclusions Collectively, CARLo-7 plays a critical role in regulating BC development by regulating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT through Wnt/β-catenin and JAK2/STAT3 signaling. Therefore, CARLo-7 might be a promising therapeutic target for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houfeng Huang
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinrong Fan
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Ji
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Lv Y, Jin P, Chen Z, Zhang P. Characterization of hazard infiltrating immune cells and relative risk genes in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:7510-7527. [PMID: 33312386 PMCID: PMC7724318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) is one of the most common malignancies in urinary system. With the development of next-generation sequencing technology, we intended to investigate prognostic immune cells and related signature to predict the prognosis of BLCA and potential therapeutic targets. METHODS We obtained the transcriptome profiles of 573 BLCA patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The fractions of immune cells in each sample was calculated by "CIBERSORT" algorithm. Tumor Infiltrating Immune Cells Scores (TIICS) was accordingly derived and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted to evaluate the predictive efficiency. Moreover, differential analysis was performed between two TIICS groups and hub TIICS-related immune signature was identified. The correlation of key immune genes and immune-infiltrating immune cells was evaluated based on the TIMER database. An Immune Signature Prognostic Index (ISPI) based on these signatures was constructed with superior predictive accuracy. Last, the TIICS model or related immune signature were all validated in an independent cohort from the GSE13507. RESULTS The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was utilized to screen the 6 hub tumor-infiltrating immune cells in TCGA cohort, where higher infiltrating levels of M0 Macrophages, M2 Macrophages and Neutrophils were hazard factors, while CD8+ T cells and memory activated CD4+ T cells were protective factors. CONCLUSION Taken together, our study identified several prognostic immune cells and related immune signature in BLCA, shedding insight on the individualized immunotherapy or potential drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxiang Lv
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Xinchang CountyXinchang, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Peng Jin
- Organ Transplant Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Mozaffari NL, Pagliarulo F, Sartori AA. Human CtIP: A 'double agent' in DNA repair and tumorigenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 113:47-56. [PMID: 32950401 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human CtIP was originally identified as an interactor of the retinoblastoma protein and BRCA1, two bona fide tumour suppressors frequently mutated in cancer. CtIP is renowned for its role in the resection of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) during homologous recombination, a largely error-free DNA repair pathway crucial in maintaining genome integrity. However, CtIP-dependent DNA end resection is equally accountable for alternative end-joining, a mutagenic DSB repair mechanism implicated in oncogenic chromosomal translocations. In addition, CtIP contributes to transcriptional regulation of G1/S transition, DNA damage checkpoint signalling, and replication fork protection pathways. In this review, we present a perspective on the current state of knowledge regarding the tumour-suppressive and oncogenic properties of CtIP and provide an overview of their relevance for cancer development, progression, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour L Mozaffari
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Pagliarulo
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro A Sartori
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Overexpression of reactive oxygen species modulator 1 is associated with advanced grades of bladder cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6497-6505. [PMID: 32770525 PMCID: PMC7414271 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05702-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 (ROMO1) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of mitochondrial structure integrity, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increased ROMO1 expression was reported in various cancer cell lines; however, the possible association between ROMO1 expression and bladder cancer was not well studied. The present study aimed to investigate the rate of ROMO1 expression and the correlation of oxidative stress with the development of bladder cancer. In this study, a total of 35 cancerous and healthy adjacent tissues were examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to analyze the gene expression of ROMO1. Also, we evaluated the serum level of ROMO1 and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), as well as Total Oxidant Status (TOS) in patients with bladder cancer along with age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. The ROMO1 gene was significantly higher in cancerous tissues than that of adjacent healthy tissues. Also, the serum levels of ROMO1, TAC, TOS, and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) were increased in patients with bladder cancer compared with healthy subjects. It can be concluded that the overexpression of the ROMO1 gene is associated with advanced grades of bladder cancer as well as an increase in oxidative stress conditions. Our findings also suggest that the serum level of ROMO1 might be a promising tumor marker for bladder cancer.
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10
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Wang X, Ding Y, Wang J, Wu Y. Identification of the Key Factors Related to Bladder Cancer by lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Three-Layer Network. Front Genet 2020; 10:1398. [PMID: 32047516 PMCID: PMC6997565 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system, and it has high incidence, high degree of malignancy, and easy recurrence after surgery. The etiology and pathogenesis of bladder cancer are not fully understood, but more and more studies have shown that its development may be regulated by some core molecules. To identify key molecules in bladder cancer, we constructed a three-layer network by merging lncRNA-miRNA regulatory network, miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, and lncRNA-mRNA coexpression network, and further analyzed the topology attributes of the network including the degree, betweenness centrality and closeness centrality of nodes. We found that miRNA-93 and miRNA-195 are controllers for a three-layer network and regulators of numerous target genes associated with bladder cancer. Functional enrichment analysis of their target mRNAs revealed that miRNA-93 and miRNA-195 may be closely related to bladder cancer by disturbing the homeostasis of the cell cycle or HTLV-I infection. In addition, since E2F1 and E2F2 are enriched in various KEGG signaling pathways, we conclude that they are important target genes of miRNA-93, and participate in the apoptotic process by forming a complex with a certain protein or transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding in bladder cancer. Similarly, AKT3 is an important target gene of miRNA-195, its expression is associated with PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway and AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, we speculate that AKT3 may participate in proliferation and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells through these pathways, and ultimately affect the biological behavior of tumor cells. Furthermore, through survival analysis, we found that miRNA-195 and miRNA-93 are associated with poor prognosis of bladder cancer. And the Kaplan-Meier curve showed that 24 mRNAs and nine lncRNAs are closely related to overall survival of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Wang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yanrui Ding
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yanyan Wu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Del Rivero J, Cordes LM, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Madan RA, Nieman LK, Gulley JL. Endocrine-Related Adverse Events Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Proposed Algorithms for Management. Oncologist 2019; 25:290-300. [PMID: 32297436 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have proven to be effective for various advanced neoplasia. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) as a result of increased T cell activation are unique and potentially life-threating toxicities associated with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Multiple endocrine irAEs, including primary hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, primary adrenal insufficiency, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and hypophysitis, have been reported with the use of various immune checkpoint inhibitors. In some cases, these irAEs can lead to discontinuation of treatment. Here we propose for the general oncologist algorithms for managing endocrine irAEs to aid in the clinical care of patients receiving immunotherapy. KEY POINTS: There is a relative high risk of endocrine immune-related adverse events (irAEs) during therapy with checkpoint inhibitors, particularly when combination therapy is implemented. Patients treated with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies have an increased risk of hypophysitis, whereas patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies have a higher risk of primary thyroid dysfunction. Rarely, patients develop T1DM and central diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism is a rare occurrence. A growing clinical understanding of endocrine irAEs has led to effective treatment strategies with hormone replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaydira Del Rivero
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lisa M Cordes
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ravi A Madan
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lynnette K Nieman
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James L Gulley
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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12
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Shigematsu Y, Oue N, Sekino Y, Sakamoto N, Sentani K, Uraoka N, Hayashi T, Teishima J, Matsubara A, Yasui W. SEC11A Expression Is Associated with Basal-Like Bladder Cancer and Predicts Patient Survival. Pathobiology 2019; 86:208-216. [PMID: 31163419 DOI: 10.1159/000497206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bladder cancer (BC) is a common malignancy worldwide. Signal peptidase complex 18 (SPC18) protein, which is encoded by the SEC11A gene, is one of the subunits of the signal peptidase complex and induces transforming growth factor-α secretion. In the present study, we analyzed the expression and function of SPC18 protein in human BC. METHODS Expression of SPC18 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RNA interference was used to inhibit SEC11A expression in BC cell lines. For constitutive expression of the SEC11A gene, a SEC11A expression vector was transfected into BC cell lines. To examine cell viability, we performed 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Modified Boyden chamber assays were used to examine cell invasiveness. RESULTS SPC18 was upregulated in 54% of 81 BC cases. SPC18 expression served as an independent prognostic classifier of patients with BC. SPC18-positive BC cases frequently expressed cytokeratin 5/6, a marker of basal-like BC. Cell growth and invasiveness were inhibited by SEC11A knockdown and enhanced by forced expression of SEC11A. CONCLUSION These results indicate that SPC18 plays an important role in the progression of BC. Specific inhibitors of SPC18 may be promising anticancer drugs for patients with basal-like BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Shigematsu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naohide Oue
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan,
| | - Yohei Sekino
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sentani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naohiro Uraoka
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tetsutaro Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jun Teishima
- Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akio Matsubara
- Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Wataru Yasui
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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13
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Yang Y, Wang F, Huang H, Zhang Y, Xie H, Men T. lncRNA SLCO4A1-AS1 promotes growth and invasion of bladder cancer through sponging miR-335-5p to upregulate OCT4. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1351-1358. [PMID: 30863101 PMCID: PMC6389014 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s191740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BC) is among the most frequently occurring cancer types in the urinary system. In recent years, the importance of lncRNAs in BC has been acknowledged. SLCO4A1-AS1 is an oncogene in colorectal cancer. However, the role of SLCO4A1-AS1 in BC remains unknown. Materials and methods The expression levels of SLCO4A1-AS1 in BC tissues were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The effects of SLCO4A1-AS1 knockdown on proliferation were determined by CCK8 assay. Transwell assay was used to evaluate the role of SLCO4A1-AS1 on migration and invasion. Furthermore, xenograft assay was utilized to test the effect of SLCO4A1-AS1 on BC growth in vivo. Results SLCO4A1-AS1 expression was more upregulated in BC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, SLCO4A1-AS1 level was positively correlated with the advanced stage and metastasis in BC. The upregulation of SLCO4A1-AS1 indicates poor prognosis in BC patients. The knockdown of SLCO4A1-AS1 downregulated the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EJ and T24 cells in vitro. In addition, the loss of SLCO4A1-AS1 prevented BC growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigation showed that SLCO4A1-AS1 was the sponge for miR-335-5p, and miR-335-5p modulated OCT4 expression. Conclusion High SLCO4A1-AS1 expression level was associated with the progression of BC, and SLCO4A1-AS1 promoted the malignant phenotypes of BC cells through the miR-335-5p/OCT4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Department of Urology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China,
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Hang Huang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Transplant Section, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Tongyi Men
- Department of Urology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China,
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14
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Siddiqui MR, Railkar R, Sanford T, Crooks DR, Eckhaus MA, Haines D, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H, Agarwal PK. Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Expressing Bladder Cancer Using Combination Photoimmunotherapy (PIT). Sci Rep 2019; 9:2084. [PMID: 30765854 PMCID: PMC6375935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38575-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is heterogeneous and expresses various cell surface targets. Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) involves monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) conjugated to a photoabsorber (PA), IR Dye 700Dx, and then activated by near infra-red light (NIR) to specifically target tumors. We have demonstrated that tumors expressing EGFR can be targeted with PIT. However, PIT may be less effective when a tumor lacks "overwhelming" expression of a single target such as EGFR. We present a combinatorial PIT approach for targeting BC expressing EGFR and HER2, using PA- labeled panitumumab (pan) and trastuzumab (tra), respectively. Human BC tissues and cell lines were analyzed for EGFR and HER2 expression. Efficacy of PA-labeled MAbs singly and in combination was analyzed. About 45% of BC tissues stain for both EGFR and HER2. In vitro, the combination of pan IR700 and tra IR700 with NIR was more efficacious than either agent alone. Tumor xenografts treated with combination PIT showed significant tumor growth retardation. Combination PIT is a promising approach for treating BC with low/moderate expression of surface receptors. In addition, given the molecular heterogeneity of bladder cancer, targeting more than one surface receptor may allow for more effective cell death across different bladder tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad R Siddiqui
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD - 20892, USA
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Reema Railkar
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD - 20892, USA
| | - Thomas Sanford
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD - 20892, USA
| | - Daniel R Crooks
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD - 20892, USA
| | - Michael A Eckhaus
- Diagnostic and Research Services Branch, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD - 20892, USA
| | - Diana Haines
- Pathology Section, Pathology/Histotechnology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD - 20892, USA
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD - 20892, USA
| | - Piyush K Agarwal
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD - 20892, USA.
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15
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Xie F, Li Y, Wang M, Huang C, Tao D, Zheng F, Zhang H, Zeng F, Xiao X, Jiang G. Circular RNA BCRC-3 suppresses bladder cancer proliferation through miR-182-5p/p27 axis. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:144. [PMID: 30285878 PMCID: PMC6169039 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new member of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that have recently been described as key regulators of gene expression. Our previous study had identified the negative correlation between circHIPK3 and bladder cancer grade, invasion, as well as lymph node metastasis. However, the roles of circRNAs in cellular proliferation in bladder cancer remain largely unknown. METHODS We had analyzed circRNA high-throughout sequencing from human tissues and determined bladder cancer related circRNA-3 (BCRC-3, GenBank: KU921434.1) as a new candidate circRNA derived from PSMD1 gene. The expression levels of circRNAs, mRNAs and miRNAs in human tissues and cells were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The effects of BCRC-3 on cancer cells were explored by transfecting with plasmids in vitro and in vivo. RNA pull down assay, luciferase reporter assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization were applied to verify the interaction between BCRC-3 and microRNAs. Anticancer effects of methyl jasmonate (MJ) were measured by flow cytometry assay, western blot and qRT-PCR. RESULTS BCRC-3 was lowly expressed in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. Proliferation of BC cells was suppressed by ectopic expression of BCRC-3 in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, overexpression of BCRC-3 induced the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27). Importantly, BCRC-3 could directly interact with miR-182-5p, and subsequently act as a miRNA sponge to promote the miR-182-5p-targeted 3'UTR activity of p27. Furthermore, MJ significantly increased the expression of BCRC-3, resulting in an obvious up-regulation of p27. CONCLUSIONS BCRC-3 functions as a tumor inhibitor to suppress BC cell proliferation through miR-182-5p/p27 axis, which would be a novel target for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xie
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Dan Tao
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430050, China
| | - Fuxin Zheng
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fuqing Zeng
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xingyuan Xiao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Guosong Jiang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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16
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Büchser D, Zapatero A, Rogado J, Talaya M, Martín de Vidales C, Arellano R, Bocardo G, Cruz Conde A, Pérez L, Murillo MT. Long-term Outcomes and Patterns of Failure Following Trimodality Treatment With Bladder Preservation for Invasive Bladder Cancer. Urology 2018; 124:183-190. [PMID: 30266376 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report long-term results on survival, toxicity, and patterns of failure of 3 different organ-sparing strategies for patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a monoinstitutional prospective analysis of 3 consecutive bladder-sparing protocols combining maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumor (mTURBT), radiotherapy (RT), and cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Protocol 1 consisted of neoadjuvant methotrexate-cisplatin-vinblastine followed by endoscopic re-evaluation and consolidative RT 60 Gy in complete responders. Protocol 2 involved altered-fractionation RT 64.8 Gy and concurrent weekly cisplatin with re-evaluation after 40.8 Gy. Protocol 3 consisted of RT 64.8 Gy with concomitant weekly cisplatin. Nonresponders underwent radical cystectomy. Probabilities for overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and metastasis-free survival (MFS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier product limited estimates. A Cox regression multivariate analysis was performed to detect potential risk factors for OS, CSS, and MFS. RESULTS The 10-year bladder preservation rate was 79%. The 10-year OS, CSS, and MFS rates were 43.2%, 76.3% and 79.2%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in OS between the different treatment protocols. On multivariate analysis, mTURBT of the bladder and the complete response after induction therapy were independent correlates of improved OS and of MFS. The development of invasive bladder recurrence was independently associated with worse CSS and MFS. CONCLUSION Ten-year results indicate that bladder-sparing treatment is a successful approach for muscle invasive bladder cancer in selected patients. The mTURBT of the bladder tumor and complete response after induction therapy remain the most relevant predictive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Büchser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Almudena Zapatero
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacobo Rogado
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marisol Talaya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ramón Arellano
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Bocardo
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Cruz Conde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leopoldo Pérez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - María T Murillo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Mijnes J, Veeck J, Gaisa NT, Burghardt E, de Ruijter TC, Gostek S, Dahl E, Pfister D, Schmid SC, Knüchel R, Rose M. Promoter methylation of DNA damage repair (DDR) genes in human tumor entities: RBBP8/ CtIP is almost exclusively methylated in bladder cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:15. [PMID: 29445424 PMCID: PMC5802064 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genome-wide studies identified pan-cancer genes and shared biological networks affected by epigenetic dysregulation among diverse tumor entities. Here, we systematically screened for hypermethylation of DNA damage repair (DDR) genes in a comprehensive candidate-approach and exemplarily identify and validate candidate DDR genes as targets of epigenetic inactivation unique to bladder cancer (BLCA), which may serve as non-invasive biomarkers. Methods Genome-wide DNA methylation datasets (2755 CpG probes of n = 7819 tumor and n = 659 normal samples) of the TCGA network covering 32 tumor entities were analyzed in silico for 177 DDR genes. Genes of interest were defined as differentially methylated between normal and cancerous tissues proximal to transcription start sites. The lead candidate gene was validated by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and/or bisulfite-pyrosequencing in different human cell lines (n = 36), in primary BLCA tissues (n = 43), and in voided urine samples (n = 74) of BLCA patients. Urines from healthy donors and patients with urological benign and malignant diseases were included as controls (n = 78). mRNA expression was determined using qRT-PCR in vitro before (n = 5) and after decitabine treatment (n = 2). Protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (n = 42). R 3.2.0. was used for statistical data acquisition and SPSS 21.0 for statistical analysis. Results Overall, 39 DDR genes were hypermethylated in human cancers. Most exclusively and frequently methylated (37%) in primary BLCA was RBBP8, encoding endonuclease CtIP. RBBP8 hypermethylation predicted longer overall survival (OS) and was found in 2/4 bladder cancer cell lines but not in any of 33 cancer cell lines from entities with another origin like prostate. RBBP8 methylation was inversely correlated with RBBP8 mRNA and nuclear protein expression while RBBP8 was re-expressed after in vitro demethylation. RBBP8 methylation was associated with histological grade in primary BLCA and urine samples. RBBP8 methylation was detectable in urine samples of bladder cancer patients achieving a sensitivity of 52%, at 91% specificity. Conclusions RBBP8 was identified as almost exclusively hypermethylated in BLCA. RBBP8/CtIP has a proven role in homologous recombination-mediated DNA double-strand break repair known to sensitize cancer cells for PARP1 inhibitors. Since RBBP8 methylation was detectable in urines, it may be a complementary marker of high specificity in urine for BLCA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolein Mijnes
- 1Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Veeck
- 1Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,2Division of Medical Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,3GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,4RWTH Centralized Biomaterial Bank (RWTH cBMB), Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nadine T Gaisa
- 1Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Eduard Burghardt
- 1Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim C de Ruijter
- 2Division of Medical Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,3GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Gostek
- 1Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Edgar Dahl
- 1Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,4RWTH Centralized Biomaterial Bank (RWTH cBMB), Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - David Pfister
- 5Department of Urology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,6Department of Urology, Uro-Oncology, Robot Assisted and Reconstructive Urologic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian C Schmid
- 7Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth Knüchel
- 1Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Rose
- 1Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,4RWTH Centralized Biomaterial Bank (RWTH cBMB), Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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18
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Lendorf ME, Dohn LH, Á Dunga B, Loya AC, Pappot H. An updated review on primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder and report of a case. Scand J Urol 2018; 52:87-93. [PMID: 29291665 DOI: 10.1080/21681805.2017.1418020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to emphasize the critical importance of the clinician's awareness of signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of the urinary bladder, a rare and aggressive disease entity. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review of the current literature was conducted and a classic case of advanced SRCC of the urinary bladder is reported, clearly demonstrating the severity of this disease and the imperative need for standardized recommendations for the diagnostic work-up and management of urinary bladder SRCC. RESULTS The prognosis for patients with SRCC of the urinary bladder is poor, attributed to presentation at advanced stages following asymptomatic progression, inefficacy of multimodality therapy and possibly an aggressive underlying biological phenotype. Treatment options are limited and not well studied. CONCLUSION Given the rarity of SRCC, multi-institutional clinical trials and international cooperation are mandatory to improve survival for patients with primary SRCC of the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Line Hammer Dohn
- a Department of Oncology , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Bara Á Dunga
- a Department of Oncology , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Anand C Loya
- b Department of Pathology , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Helle Pappot
- a Department of Oncology , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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19
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Chatzikonstantinou G, Tselis N. Radiation Therapy in Carcinomas of the Renal Pelvis and the Ureters. Radiat Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-52619-5_40-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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20
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Liu S, Wu Y, Yang T, Feng C, Jiang H. Coexistence of YWHAZ amplification predicts better prognosis in muscle-invasive bladder cancer with CDKN2A or TP53 loss. Oncotarget 2017; 7:34752-8. [PMID: 27167196 PMCID: PMC5085186 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The amplification of YWHAZ was commonly seen in bladder cancer. We explore the biological significance of YWHAZ amplification on bladder cancer, and the correlation with important other molecular events. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was exploited to study the impact of YWHAZ amplification on either CDKN2A or TP53 mutations. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was also exploited to clustering of enriched genes in the cBioPortal Enrichment tests. There were 127 cases with available mutation and CNV data in the corresponding TCGA bladder cancer dataset, 20% of them had YWHAZ alteration. Patients with both YWHAZ amplification and CDKN2A loss demonstrated significantly better overall survival (OS) compared with CDKN2A loss alone. Patients with both YWHAZ amplification and TP53 mutation demonstrated significantly better overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) compared with TP53 mutation alone. The amplification of YWHAZ, along with alteration of CDKN2A or TP53, predict better survival in bladder cancers that only had CDKN2A or TP53 alteration. The protective role of YWHAZ in bladder cancer deserve insightful further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghua Liu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.,Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yishuo Wu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.,Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.,Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Chenchen Feng
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.,Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.,Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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21
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Latosinska A, Frantzi M, Vlahou A, Merseburger AS, Mischak H. Clinical Proteomics for Precision Medicine: The Bladder Cancer Case. Proteomics Clin Appl 2017; 12. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201700074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biotechnology Division; Biomedical Research Foundation; Academy of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - Axel S. Merseburger
- Department of Urology; Campus Lübeck; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Lübeck Germany
| | - Harald Mischak
- Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH; Hannover Germany
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
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22
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Tan M, Zhang D, Zhang E, Xu D, Liu Z, Qiu J, Fan Y, Shen B. SENP2 suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition of bladder cancer cells through deSUMOylation of TGF-βRI. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2332-2341. [PMID: 28574613 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SUMO-specific protease 2 (SENP2) is a deSUMOylation protease that plays an important role in the regulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling. Aberrant TGF-β signaling is common in human cancers and contributes to tumor metastasis by inducing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In previous studies, we demonstrated that SENP2 suppresses bladder cancer cell migration and invasion. However, little is known about whether SENP2 inhibits EMT by regulating TGF-β signaling in bladder cancer progression. Here, we investigated the role of SENP2 in regulating TGF-β signaling and bladder cancer metastasis in vitro and in vivo. We found that SENP2 is frequently downregulated in bladder cancer, especially in metastatic bladder cancer. SENP2 downregulation is associated with more aggressive phenotypes and poor patient outcomes. SENP2 knockdown results in a decrease of E-cadherin and an increase of N-cadherin and fibronectin at both transcript and protein levels, indicating that SENP2 negatively regulates EMT. On the contrary, SENP2 overexpression suppresses TGF-β signaling and TGF-β-induced EMT. We further demonstrated that SENP2 regulates TGF-β signaling partly through deSUMOylation of TGFβ receptor I (TGF-βRI). Functionally, SENP2 suppresses bladder cancer cell invasion in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo, acts as a tumor suppressor gene in bladder cancer. Our results establish a function of SENP2 in metastatic progression and suggest its candidacy as a new prognostic biomarker and target for clinical management of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Tan
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dingguo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong New Area people's Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Encheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Qiu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
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23
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Shigematsu Y, Oue N, Nishioka Y, Sakamoto N, Sentani K, Sekino Y, Mukai S, Teishima J, Matsubara A, Yasui W. Overexpression of the transmembrane protein BST-2 induces Akt and Erk phosphorylation in bladder cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:999-1004. [PMID: 28693265 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer, the majority of which is urothelial carcinoma (UC), is a common malignancy worldwide. Genes encoding transmembrane/secretory proteins expressed specifically in certain cancers may be ideal biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and may represent therapeutic targets. In the present study, the expression and function of the bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2) gene was analyzed in UC. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that expression of BST2 in normal tissue samples was the highest in liver tissue. However, expression of BST2 in UC tissue samples was higher than in normal liver. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed weak or no staining of BST-2 in non-neoplastic mucosa, whereas UC tissue exhibited stronger and more extensive staining compared with non-neoplastic mucosa. BST-2 staining was observed mainly on UC cell membranes. In total, 28 (41%) of 69 UC cases were positive for BST-2. UC cases positive for BST-2 were more frequently T2/3/4 cases [so-called muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC)] than Ta/is/1 cases (P=0.0001). However, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated no association between BST-2 expression and survival. BST2 small interfering RNA (siRNA)-transfected T24 cells exhibited significantly reduced cell growth relative to negative control siRNA-transfected T24 cells. The levels of phosphorylated Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase were lower in BST2 siRNA-transfected T24 cells than in control cells. These results suggest the involvement of BST-2 in the pathogenesis of UC. Since BST-2 is expressed on the cell membrane, BST-2 may be a good therapeutic target for MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Shigematsu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.,Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Naohide Oue
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yuri Nishioka
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sentani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yohei Sekino
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.,Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Mukai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Jun Teishima
- Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Akio Matsubara
- Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Wataru Yasui
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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24
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Kukreja JB, Shah JB. Advances in surgical management of muscle invasive bladder cancer. Indian J Urol 2017; 33:106-110. [PMID: 28469297 PMCID: PMC5396397 DOI: 10.4103/0970-1591.203416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bladder cancer remains a disease of the elderly with relatively few advances that have improved survival over the last 20 years. Radical cystectomy (RC) has long remained the principal treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). METHODS A literature search of PubMed was performed. The content was reviewed for continuity with the topic of surgical advances in MIBC. Articles and society guidelines were included in this review. RESULTS Despite the associated morbidity, even in the elderly, RC is still a reasonable option. Modifications during RC may have a positive or negative impact on survival and quality of life. The extent of pelvic lymph node dissection is one such factor which may positively impact survival outcomes. In addition, preservation of pelvic organs, robotic surgery and the adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery principles continues to improve the postoperative recovery and quality of life in RC patients. CONCLUSION There are some ongoing studies in many of these areas, but overall the new advances in MIBC may improve patient quality and quantity of life. The advances in surgical treatment of MIBC are important and the focus of the review here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Baack Kukreja
- Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jay B. Shah
- Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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25
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Jiang G, Huang C, Li J, Huang H, Jin H, Zhu J, Wu XR, Huang C. Role of STAT3 and FOXO1 in the Divergent Therapeutic Responses of Non-metastatic and Metastatic Bladder Cancer Cells to miR-145. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:924-935. [PMID: 28223425 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although miR-145 is the most frequently downregulated miRNA in bladder cancer, its exact stage association and downstream effector have not been defined. Here, we found that miR-145 was upregulated in human patients with bladder cancer with lymph node metastasis and in metastatic T24T cell line. Forced expression of miR-145 promoted anchorage-independent growth of T24T cells accompanied by the downregulation of forkhead box class O1 (FOXO1). In contrast, in non-metastatic T24 cells, miR-145 overexpression inhibited cell growth with upregulation of FOXO1, and the knockdown of FOXO1 abolished the miR-145-mediated inhibition of cell growth. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-145 directly bound to and attenuated 3'-untranslated region (UTR) activity of foxo1 mRNA in both T24 and T24T cells. Interestingly, miR-145 suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation at Tyr705 and increased foxo1 promoter transcriptional activity in T24 cells, but not in T24T cells, suggesting a role of STAT3 in the divergent responses to miR-145. Supporting this was our finding that STAT3 knockdown mimicked miR-145-mediated upregulation of FOXO1 in T24T cells and inhibition of anchorage-independent growth. Consistently, ectopic expression of miR-145 promoted tumor formation of xenograft T24T cells, whereas such promoting effect became inhibitory due to specific knockdown of STAT3. Together, our findings demonstrate the stage-specific association and function of miR-145 in bladder cancers and provide novel insights into the therapeutic targeting of miR-145. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(5); 924-35. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosong Jiang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York.,Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York.,Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingxia Li
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York
| | - Haishan Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology & Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Honglei Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology & Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junlan Zhu
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York
| | - Xue-Ru Wu
- Departments of Urology and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York; Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Manhattan, New York, New York
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York.
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26
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Kang M, Lee KH, Lee HS, Jeong CW, Kwak C, Kim HH, Ku JH. Concurrent Autophagy Inhibition Overcomes the Resistance of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020321. [PMID: 28165387 PMCID: PMC5343857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the potential therapeutic efficacy of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors in the treatment of advanced stage bladder cancer, there currently is no clear evidence to support this hypothesis. In this study, we investigate whether the concurrent treatment of autophagy-blocking agents with EGFR inhibitors exerts synergistic anti-cancer effects in T24 and J82 human bladder cancer cells. Lapatinib and gefitinib were used as EGFR inhibitors, and bafilomycin A1 (BFA1), chloroquine (CQ) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were used as the pharmacologic inhibitors of autophagy activities. To assess the proliferative and self-renewal capabilities, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and a clonogenic assay were performed, respectively. To examine apoptotic cell death, flow cytometry using annexin-V/propidium iodide (PI) was used. To measure the autophagy activities, the expression levels of LC3I and II was determined by Western blot analysis. To validate the synergistic effects of autophagy inhibition with EGFR inhibitors, we specifically blocked key autophagy regulatory gene ATG12 by transfection of small interference RNA and examined the phenotypic changes. Of note, lapatinib and gefitinib triggered autophagy activities in T24 and J82 human bladder cancer cells, as indicated by upregulation of LC3II. More importantly, inhibiting autophagy activities with pharmacologic inhibitors (BFA1, CQ or 3-MA) remarkably reduced the cell viabilities and clonal proliferation of T24 and J82 cells, compared to those treated with either of the agents alone. We also obtained similar results of the enhanced anti-cancer effects of EGFR inhibitors by suppressing the expression of ATG12. Notably, the apoptotic assay showed that synergistic anti-cancer effects were induced via the increase of apoptotic cell death. In summary, concomitant inhibition of autophagy activities potentiated the anti-cancer effects of EGFR inhibitors in human bladder cancer cells, indicating a novel therapeutic strategy to treat advanced bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyong Kang
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
| | - Kyoung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
| | - Chang Wook Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
| | - Hyeon Hoe Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
| | - Ja Hyeon Ku
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
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27
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Simple and Efficient Stratification of Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients. EBioMedicine 2016; 12:6-7. [PMID: 27599968 PMCID: PMC5078578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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28
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Zibelman M, Plimack ER. Systemic therapy for bladder cancer finally comes into a new age. Future Oncol 2016; 12:2227-42. [PMID: 27402371 PMCID: PMC5066115 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic therapy for bladder cancer, both localized muscle-invasive disease and metastatic disease, has seen minimal progress over the past two decades. Current approaches rely upon cytotoxic chemotherapy combinations aimed at increasing cure rates or achieving palliation and disease control, but these regimens are fraught with short- and long-term toxicities and outcomes remain suboptimal. The emergence of systemic immunotherapies that can provide durable remissions in subsets of patients with other malignancies has the potential to transform the field, and early phase trials have begun to demonstrate activity in some patients with metastatic bladder cancer. In this article, we review the current state of systemic therapy for bladder cancer and discuss the current literature and ongoing trials utilizing various immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Zibelman
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple Health. 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Plimack
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple Health. 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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29
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Chandrasekar T, Evans CP. Autophagy and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: A review. Investig Clin Urol 2016; 57 Suppl 1:S89-97. [PMID: 27326411 PMCID: PMC4910764 DOI: 10.4111/icu.2016.57.s1.s89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder (bladder cancer) remains high. While other solid organ malignancies have seen significant improvement in morbidity and mortality, there has been little change in bladder cancer mortality in the past few decades. The mortality is mainly driven by muscle invasive bladder cancer, but the cancer burden remains high even in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer due to high recurrence rates and risk of progression. While apoptosis deregulation has long been an established pathway for cancer progression, nonapoptotic pathways have gained prominence of late. Recent research in the role of autophagy in other malignancies, including its role in treatment resistance, has led to greater interest in the role of autophagy in bladder cancer. Herein, we summarize the literature regarding the role of autophagy in bladder cancer progression and treatment resistance. We address it by systematically reviewing treatment modalities for nonmuscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer.
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30
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Cahn DB, Ristau BT, Ghiraldi EM, Churilla TM, Geynisman DM, Horwitz EM, Uzzo RG, Smaldone MC. Bladder Preservation Therapy: A Review of the Literature and Future Directions. Urology 2016; 96:54-61. [PMID: 27257135 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trimodal bladder preservation therapy (ie, transurethral resection followed by chemoradiotherapy) may be an acceptable treatment alternative to radical cystectomy with urinary diversion in the carefully selected patient with muscle invasive bladder cancer. Although no head-to-head randomized controlled trials have been performed, large retrospective cohort reviews and observational data analyses suggest comparable oncologic outcomes in select patients with the additional benefit of maximizing quality of life and maintaining the patient's native bladder. In this review, we discuss the evolution and clinical outcomes of bladder preservation therapy, highlighting its role in the contemporary management of muscle invasive bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Cahn
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Benjamin T Ristau
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Eric M Ghiraldi
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Thomas M Churilla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daniel M Geynisman
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Eric M Horwitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert G Uzzo
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Marc C Smaldone
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA
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31
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Knapp DW, Ruple-Czerniak A, Ramos-Vara JA, Naughton JF, Fulkerson CM, Honkisz SI. A Nonselective Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor Enhances the Activity of Vinblastine in a Naturally-Occurring Canine Model of Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma. Bladder Cancer 2016; 2:241-250. [PMID: 27376143 PMCID: PMC4927831 DOI: 10.3233/blc-150044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy is expected to remain an important part of invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC) treatment. Strategies to enhance chemotherapy efficacy are needed. Objective: To determine the chemotherapy-enhancing effects of a nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor on vinblastine in a naturally-occurring canine model of invasive UC. Methods: With IACUC approval, privately-owned dogs with naturally-occurring histologically-diagnosed invasive UC, expected survival ≥6 weeks, and informed owner consent were randomly allocated to receive vinblastine (2.5 mg/m2 intravenously every 2 weeks) plus piroxicam (0.3 mg/kg daily per os) or vinblastine alone (same dose) with the option to receive piroxicam alone when vinblastine failed. Scheduled evaluations included physical exam, standard laboratory analyses, thoracic radiography, abdominal ultrasonography, and standardized measurement of urinary tract tumors. Results: Dogs receiving vinblastine alone (n = 27) and vinblastine-piroxicam (n = 24) were similar in age, sex, breed, tumor stage, and grade. Remission occurred more frequently (P < 0.02) with vinblastine-piroxicam (58.3%) than with vinblastine alone (22.2%). The median progression free interval was 143 days with vinblastine alone and 199 days with the combination. Interestingly, the overall median survival time was significantly longer (P < 0.03) in dogs receiving vinblastine alone followed by piroxicam alone (n = 20, 531 days) than in dogs receiving the combination (299 days). Treatment was well tolerated in both arms. Conclusions: Piroxicam significantly enhanced the activity of vinblastine in dogs with UC where the cancer closely mimics the human condition, clearly justifying further study. The study suggest the potential importance of tracking COX inhibitor use in patients in clinical trials as COX inhibitors could affect treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah W Knapp
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - José A Ramos-Vara
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Sonia I Honkisz
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN, USA
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