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Chen K, Abtahi F, Carrero JJ, Fernandez-Llatas C, Seoane F. Process mining and data mining applications in the domain of chronic diseases: A systematic review. Artif Intell Med 2023; 144:102645. [PMID: 37783545 DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2023.102645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of information technology in healthcare leads to extensive data collection, which can be utilised to enhance patient care and manage chronic illnesses. Our objective is to summarise previous studies that have used data mining or process mining methods in the context of chronic diseases in order to identify research trends and future opportunities. The review covers articles that pertain to the application of data mining or process mining methods on chronic diseases that were published between 2000 and 2022. Articles were sourced from PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 71 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Based on the literature review results, we detected a growing trend in the application of data mining methods in diabetes research. Additionally, a distinct increase in the use of process mining methods to model clinical pathways in cancer research was observed. Frequently, this takes the form of a collaborative integration of process mining, data mining, and traditional statistical methods. In light of this collaborative approach, the meticulous selection of statistical methods based on their underlying assumptions is essential when integrating these traditional methods with process mining and data mining methods. Another notable challenge is the lack of standardised guidelines for reporting process mining studies in the medical field. Furthermore, there is a pressing need to enhance the clinical interpretation of data mining and process mining results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaile Chen
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Division of Ergonomics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 14157 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Farhad Abtahi
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Division of Ergonomics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 14157 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juan-Jesus Carrero
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Llatas
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; SABIEN, ITACA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Fernando Seoane
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Textile Technology, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden
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Xiao T, Dong X, Lu Y, Zhou W. High-Resolution and Multidimensional Phenotypes Can Complement Genomics Data to Diagnose Diseases in the Neonatal Population. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:204-215. [PMID: 37197647 PMCID: PMC10110825 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-022-00071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Advances in genomic medicine have greatly improved our understanding of human diseases. However, phenome is not well understood. High-resolution and multidimensional phenotypes have shed light on the mechanisms underlying neonatal diseases in greater details and have the potential to optimize clinical strategies. In this review, we first highlight the value of analyzing traditional phenotypes using a data science approach in the neonatal population. We then discuss recent research on high-resolution, multidimensional, and structured phenotypes in neonatal critical diseases. Finally, we briefly introduce current technologies available for the analysis of multidimensional data and the value that can be provided by integrating these data into clinical practice. In summary, a time series of multidimensional phenome can improve our understanding of disease mechanisms and diagnostic decision-making, stratify patients, and provide clinicians with optimized strategies for therapeutic intervention; however, the available technologies for collecting multidimensional data and the best platform for connecting multiple modalities should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Xiao
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102 China
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Xinran Dong
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Yulan Lu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102 China
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, 201102 China
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Al Yousef MZ, Yasky AF, Al Shammari R, Ferwana MS. Early prediction of diabetes by applying data mining techniques: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29588. [PMID: 35866773 PMCID: PMC9302319 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saudi Arabia ranks 7th globally in terms of diabetes prevalence, and its prevalence is expected to reach 45.36% by 2030. The cost of diabetes is expected to increase to 27 billion Saudi riyals in cases where undiagnosed individuals are also documented. Prevention and early detection can effectively address these challenges. OBJECTIVE To improve healthcare services and assist in building predictive models to estimate the probability of diabetes in patients. METHODS A chart review, which was a retrospective cohort study, was conducted at the National Guard Health Affairs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from 5 hospitals using National Guard Health Affairs databases. We used 38 attributes of 21431 patients between 2015 and 2019. The following phases were performed: (1) data collection, (2) data preparation, (3) data mining and model building, and (4) model evaluation and validation. Subsequently, 6 algorithms were compared with and without the synthetic minority oversampling technique. RESULTS The highest performance was found in the Bayesian network, which had an area under the curve of 0.75 and 0.71. CONCLUSION Although the results were acceptable, they could be improved. In this context, missing data owing to technical issues played a major role in affecting the performance of our model. Nevertheless, the model could be used in prevention, health monitoring programs, and as an automated mass population screening tool without the need for extra costs compared to traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Zeyad Al Yousef
- Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohammed Zeyad Al Yousef, Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City/King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh 14812, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (e-mail: )
| | - Adel Fouad Yasky
- Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad Al Shammari
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Excellence in Health Informatics, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen S. Ferwana
- Family Medicine and Primary Healthcare Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Joseph N, Lindblad I, Zaker S, Elfversson S, Albinzon M, Ødegård Ø, Hantler L, Hellström PM. Automated data extraction of electronic medical records: Validity of data mining to construct research databases for eligibility in gastroenterological clinical trials. Ups J Med Sci 2022; 127:8260. [PMID: 35173908 PMCID: PMC8809051 DOI: 10.48101/ujms.v127.8260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electronic medical records (EMRs) are adopted for storing patient-related healthcare information. Using data mining techniques, it is possible to make use of and derive benefit from this massive amount of data effectively. We aimed to evaluate validity of data extracted by the Customized eXtraction Program (CXP). METHODS The CXP extracts and structures data in rapid standardised processes. The CXP was programmed to extract TNFα-native active ulcerative colitis (UC) patients from EMRs using defined International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10) codes. Extracted data were read in parallel with manual assessment of the EMR to compare with CXP-extracted data. RESULTS From the complete EMR set, 2,802 patients with code K51 (UC) were extracted. Then, CXP extracted 332 patients according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, 97.5% were correctly identified, resulting in a final set of 320 cases eligible for the study. When comparing CXP-extracted data against manually assessed EMRs, the recovery rate was 95.6-101.1% over the years with 96.1% weighted average sensitivity. CONCLUSION Utilisation of the CXP software can be considered as an effective way to extract relevant EMR data without significant errors. Hence, by extracting from EMRs, CXP accurately identifies patients and has the capacity to facilitate research studies and clinical trials by finding patients with the requested code as well as funnel down itemised individuals according to specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Beyond this, medical procedures and laboratory data can rapidly be retrieved from the EMRs to create tailored databases of extracted material for immediate use in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Joseph
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala
| | | | - Sara Zaker
- IQVIA Sweden AB, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Li Hantler
- IQVIA Sweden AB, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per M. Hellström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala
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Birjandi SM, Khasteh SH. A survey on data mining techniques used in medicine. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:2055-2071. [PMID: 34900841 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Data mining is the process of analyzing a massive amount of data to identify meaningful patterns and detect relations, which can lead to future trend prediction and appropriate decision making. Data mining applications are significant in marketing, banking, medicine, etc. In this paper, we present an overview of data mining applications in medicine to provide a clear view of the challenges and previous works in this area for researchers. Data mining techniques such as Decision Tree, Random Forest, K-means Clustering, Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, Neural Network, Naive Bayes, and association rule mining are used for diagnosing, prognosis, classifying, constructing predictive models, and analyzing risk factors of various diseases. The main objective of the paper is to analyze and compare different data mining techniques used in the medical applications. We present a summary of the results and provide comparison analysis of the data mining methods employed by the reviewed articles. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00884-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Maleki Birjandi
- School of Computer Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, 16317-14191 Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Khasteh
- School of Computer Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, 16317-14191 Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Computer Engineering, Seyed Khandan, Shariati Ave, Tehran, Iran
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Mosa ASM, Rana MKZ, Islam H, Hossain AKMM, Yoo I. A Smartphone-Based Decision Support Tool for Predicting Patients at Risk of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Retrospective Study on App Development Using Decision Tree Induction. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e27024. [PMID: 34860677 PMCID: PMC8686466 DOI: 10.2196/27024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are the two most frightful and unpleasant side effects of chemotherapy. CINV is accountable for poor treatment outcomes, treatment failure, or even death. It can affect patients' overall quality of life, leading to many social, economic, and clinical consequences. OBJECTIVE This study compared the performances of different data mining models for predicting the risk of CINV among the patients and developed a smartphone app for clinical decision support to recommend the risk of CINV at the point of care. METHODS Data were collected by retrospective record review from the electronic medical records used at the University of Missouri Ellis Fischel Cancer Center. Patients who received chemotherapy and standard antiemetics at the oncology outpatient service from June 1, 2010, to July 31, 2012, were included in the study. There were six independent data sets of patients based on emetogenicity (low, moderate, and high) and two phases of CINV (acute and delayed). A total of 14 risk factors of CINV were chosen for data mining. For our study, we used five popular data mining algorithms: (1) naive Bayes algorithm, (2) logistic regression classifier, (3) neural network, (4) support vector machine (using sequential minimal optimization), and (5) decision tree. Performance measures, such as accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity with 10-fold cross-validation, were used for model comparisons. A smartphone app called CINV Risk Prediction Application was developed using the ResearchKit in iOS utilizing the decision tree algorithm, which conforms to the criteria of explainable, usable, and actionable artificial intelligence. The app was created using both the bulk questionnaire approach and the adaptive approach. RESULTS The decision tree performed well in both phases of high emetogenic chemotherapies, with a significant margin compared to the other algorithms. The accuracy measure for the six patient groups ranged from 79.3% to 94.8%. The app was developed using the results from the decision tree because of its consistent performance and simple, explainable nature. The bulk questionnaire approach asks 14 questions in the smartphone app, while the adaptive approach can determine questions based on the previous questions' answers. The adaptive approach saves time and can be beneficial when used at the point of care. CONCLUSIONS This study solved a real clinical problem, and the solution can be used for personalized and precise evidence-based CINV management, leading to a better life quality for patients and reduced health care costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Mohammad Mosa
- Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Md Kamruz Zaman Rana
- Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Humayera Islam
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - A K M Mosharraf Hossain
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, BayCare Health System, South Florida Baptist Hospital, Plant City, FL, United States
| | - Illhoi Yoo
- Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
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Understanding the Effect of Energy Density and Formulation Factors on the Printability and Characteristics of SLS Irbesartan Tablets-Application of the Decision Tree Model. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111969. [PMID: 34834384 PMCID: PMC8621390 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a rapid prototyping technique for the production of three-dimensional objects through selectively sintering powder-based layer materials. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of energy density (ED) and formulation factors on the printability and characteristics of SLS irbesartan tablets. The correlation between formulation factors, ED, and printability was obtained using a decision tree model with an accuracy of 80%. FT-IR results revealed that there was no interaction between irbesartan and the applied excipients. DSC results indicated that irbesartan was present in an amorphous form in printed tablets. ED had a significant influence on tablets’ physical, mechanical, and morphological characteristics. Adding lactose monohydrate enabled faster drug release while reducing the possibility for printing with different laser speeds. However, formulations with crospovidone were printable with a wider range of laser speeds. The adjustment of formulation and process parameters enabled the production of SLS tablets with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with complete release in less than 30 min. The results suggest that a decision tree could be a useful tool for predicting the printability of pharmaceutical formulations. Tailoring the characteristics of SLS irbesartan tablets by ED is possible; however, it needs to be governed by the composition of the whole formulation.
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Missing data techniques in classification for cardiovascular dysautonomias diagnosis. Med Biol Eng Comput 2020; 58:2863-2878. [PMID: 32970269 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-020-02266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Missing data (MD) is a common and inevitable problem facing data mining (DM)-based decision systems in e-health since many medical historical datasets contain a huge number of missing values. Therefore, a pre-processing stage is usually required to deal with missing values before building any DM-based decision system. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of MD techniques on classification systems in cardiovascular dysautonomias diagnosis. We analyzed and compared the accuracy rates of four classification techniques: random forest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), C4.5 decision tree, and Naive Bayes (NB), using two MD techniques: deletion or imputation with k-nearest neighbors (KNN). A total of 216 experiments were therefore carried out using three missingness mechanisms (MCAR: missing completely at random, MAR: missing at random and NMAR: not missing at random), two MD techniques (deletion and KNN imputation), nine MD percentages from 10 to 90% over a dataset collected from the autonomic nervous system (ANS) unit of the University Hospital Avicenne in Morocco. The results obtained suggest that using KNN imputation rather than deletion enhances the accuracy rates of the four classifiers. Moreover, the MD percentages have a negative impact on the performance of classification techniques regardless of the MD mechanisms and MD techniques used. In fact, the accuracy rates of the four classifiers decrease as the MD percentage increases. Graphical abstract.
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Smith Y, Garcia-Torres R, Coughlin SS, Ling J, Marin T, Su S, Young L. Effectiveness of Social Cognitive Theory-Based Interventions for Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e17148. [PMID: 32673210 PMCID: PMC7495254 DOI: 10.2196/17148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For those living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), failing to engage in self-management behaviors leads to poor glycemic control. Social cognitive theory (SCT) has been shown to improve health behaviors by altering cognitive processes and increasing an individual's belief in their ability to accomplish a task. OBJECTIVE We aim to present a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to systematically identify, evaluate, and analyze the effect of SCT-based interventions to improve glycemic control in adults with T2DM. METHODS This protocol follows the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Data sources will include PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, and data will be reviewed with the use of customized text mining software. Studies examining SCT-based behavioral interventions for adults diagnosed with T2DM in randomized controlled trials located in the outpatient setting will be included. Intervention effectiveness will be compared with routine care. Screening and data collection will be performed in multiple stages with three reviewers as follows: (1) an independent review of titles/abstracts, (2) a full review, and (3) data collection with alternating teams of two reviewers for disputes to be resolved by a third reviewer. Study quality and risk of bias will be assessed by three reviewers using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Standardized mean differences will be used to describe the intervention effect sizes with regard to self-efficacy and diabetes knowledge. The raw mean difference of HbA1c will be provided in a random effects model and presented in a forest plot. The expected limitations of this study are incomplete data, the need to contact authors, and analysis of various types of glycemic control measures accurately within the same data set. RESULTS This protocol was granted institutional review board exemption on October 7, 2019. PROSPERO registration (ID: CRD42020147105) was received on April 28, 2020. The review began on April 29, 2020. The results of the review will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed journals, and meetings. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review will appraise the effectiveness of SCT-based interventions for adults diagnosed with T2DM and provide the most effective interventions for improving health behaviors in these patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020147105; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=147105. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/17148.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Smith
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Rosalia Garcia-Torres
- Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Northridge, CA, United States
| | - Steven S Coughlin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Jiying Ling
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Terri Marin
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Shaoyong Su
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Lufei Young
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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Xue M, Su Y, Li C, Wang S, Yao H. Identification of Potential Type II Diabetes in a Large-Scale Chinese Population Using a Systematic Machine Learning Framework. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:6873891. [PMID: 33029536 PMCID: PMC7532405 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6873891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An estimated 425 million people globally have diabetes, accounting for 12% of the world's health expenditures, and the number continues to grow, placing a huge burden on the healthcare system, especially in those remote, underserved areas. METHODS A total of 584,168 adult subjects who have participated in the national physical examination were enrolled in this study. The risk factors for type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were identified by p values and odds ratio, using logistic regression (LR) based on variables of physical measurement and a questionnaire. Combined with the risk factors selected by LR, we used a decision tree, a random forest, AdaBoost with a decision tree (AdaBoost), and an extreme gradient boosting decision tree (XGBoost) to identify individuals with T2DM, compared the performance of the four machine learning classifiers, and used the best-performing classifier to output the degree of variables' importance scores of T2DM. RESULTS The results indicated that XGBoost had the best performance (accuracy = 0.906, precision = 0.910, recall = 0.902, F-1 = 0.906, and AUC = 0.968). The degree of variables' importance scores in XGBoost showed that BMI was the most significant feature, followed by age, waist circumference, systolic pressure, ethnicity, smoking amount, fatty liver, hypertension, physical activity, drinking status, dietary ratio (meat to vegetables), drink amount, smoking status, and diet habit (oil loving). CONCLUSIONS We proposed a classifier based on LR-XGBoost which used fourteen variables of patients which are easily obtained and noninvasive as predictor variables to identify potential incidents of T2DM. The classifier can accurately screen the risk of diabetes in the early phrase, and the degree of variables' importance scores gives a clue to prevent diabetes occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Xue
- Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yinxia Su
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Chen Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Shuxia Wang
- Center of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hua Yao
- Center of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Sumathi A, Meganathan S. Semi supervised data mining model for the prognosis of pre-diabetic conditions in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Bioinformation 2019; 15:875-882. [PMID: 32256007 PMCID: PMC7088425 DOI: 10.6026/97320630015875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic Mellitus is the leading disease in the world irrespective of age and geographical location. It is estimated that 43% of the overall population is affected by the disease. The reasons for the disease include inappropriate diet lifestyle with allied symptoms like obesity. Therefore, the prognosis and diagnosis of the disease are important for adequate combat and care. The prognosis related known symptoms of the disease include incontinence (inability to control urination) and frequent fatigue. Moreover, early prediction of the disease plays an important role in the prognosis of other associated conditions such as heart failure leading to chronic illness. Hence, it is of interest to describe a data mining based prediction model using known features (derived from epidemiological data collected from the public hospital using routine tests) to help in the prognosis of the disease. We used data pre-processing techniques for handling missing values and dimensionality reduction models to improve data quality. The Minimum Description Length principle (MDL) model for discretization (replacing a continuum with a finite set of points) is used to reduce high-level dimensionality of the dataset, which enabled to categorize the dataset into small groups in ordered intervals. Thus, we describe a semi-supervised learning technique (identifies promising attributes using clustering and classification methods) by combining data mining techniques for reasonable accuracy having adequate sensitivity and specificity for further discussion, cross-validation, revaluation, and application. Early prediction of the disease with improved accuracy by analysing specificity ranges in blood pressure and glucose levels will be useful to combat Diabetes Mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sumathi
- Department of Computer Science Engineering, SASTRA Deemed To be University, Srinivasa Ramanujan Centre (SRC), Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Meganathan
- Department of Computer Science Engineering, SASTRA Deemed To be University, Srinivasa Ramanujan Centre (SRC), Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India
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A Comprehensive Medical Decision–Support Framework Based on a Heterogeneous Ensemble Classifier for Diabetes Prediction. ELECTRONICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics8060635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) is critical to prevent its serious complications. An ensemble of classifiers is an effective way to enhance classification performance, which can be used to diagnose complex diseases, such as DM. This paper proposes an ensemble framework to diagnose DM by optimally employing multiple classifiers based on bagging and random subspace techniques. The proposed framework combines seven of the most suitable and heterogeneous data mining techniques, each with a separate set of suitable features. These techniques are k-nearest neighbors, naïve Bayes, decision tree, support vector machine, fuzzy decision tree, artificial neural network, and logistic regression. The framework is designed accurately by selecting, for every sub-dataset, the most suitable feature set and the most accurate classifier. It was evaluated using a real dataset collected from electronic health records of Mansura University Hospitals (Mansura, Egypt). The resulting framework achieved 90% of accuracy, 90.2% of recall = 90.2%, and 94.9% of precision. We evaluated and compared the proposed framework with many other classification algorithms. An analysis of the results indicated that the proposed ensemble framework significantly outperforms all other classifiers. It is a successful step towards constructing a personalized decision support system, which could help physicians in daily clinical practice.
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EL Idrissi T, Idri A, Bakkoury Z. Systematic map and review of predictive techniques in diabetes self-management. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pei D, Gong Y, Kang H, Zhang C, Guo Q. Accurate and rapid screening model for potential diabetes mellitus. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2019; 19:41. [PMID: 30866905 PMCID: PMC6416888 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-019-0790-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prediction or early diagnosis of diabetes is crucial for populations with high risk of diabetes. Methods In this study, we assessed the ability of five popular classifiers (J48, AdaboostM1, SMO, Bayes Net, and Naïve Bayes) to identify individuals with diabetes based on nine non-invasive and easily obtained clinical features, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, history of cardiovascular disease or stroke, family history of diabetes, physical activity, work stress, and salty food preference. A total of 4205 data entries were obtained from annual physical examination reports for adults in the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University during January–April 2017. Weka data mining software was used to identify the best algorithm for diabetes classification. Results The results indicate that decision tree classifier J48 has the best performance (accuracy = 0.9503, precision = 0.950, recall = 0.950, F-measure = 0.948, and AUC = 0.964). The decision tree structure shows that age is the most significant feature, followed by family history of diabetes, work stress, BMI, salty food preference, physical activity, hypertension, gender, and history of cardiovascular disease or stroke. Conclusions Our study shows that decision tree analyses can be applied to screen individuals for early diabetes risk without the need for invasive tests. This procedure will be particularly useful in developing regions with high epidemiological risk and poor socioeconomic status, and enable clinical practitioners to rapidly screen patients for increased risk of diabetes. The key features in the tree structure could further facilitate diabetes prevention through targeted community interventions, which can potentially improve early diabetes diagnosis and reduce burdens on the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Pei
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Gong
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hong Kang
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chengpu Zhang
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiyong Guo
- Department of radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Pei D, Zhang C, Quan Y, Guo Q. Identification of Potential Type II Diabetes in a Chinese Population with a Sensitive Decision Tree Approach. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:4248218. [PMID: 30805372 PMCID: PMC6362481 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4248218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with a steadfast increase in prevalence. Due to the chronic course of the disease combining with devastating complications, this disorder could easily carry a financial burden. The early diagnosis of diabetes remains as one of the major challenges medical providers are facing, and the satisfactory screening tools or methods are still required, especially a population- or community-based tool. METHODS This is a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 15,323 subjects who underwent the annual check-up in the Department of Family Medicine of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2017 to June 2017. With a strict data filtration, 10,436 records from the eligible participants were utilized to develop a prediction model using the J48 decision tree algorithm. Nine variables, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, history of cardiovascular disease or stroke, family history of diabetes, physical activity, work-related stress, and salty food preference, were considered. RESULTS The accuracy, precision, recall, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value for identifying potential diabetes were 94.2%, 94.0%, 94.2%, and 94.8%, respectively. The structure of the decision tree shows that age is the most significant feature. The decision tree demonstrated that among those participants with age ≤ 49, 5497 participants (97%) of the individuals were identified as nondiabetic, while age > 49, 771 participants (50%) of the individuals were identified as nondiabetic. In the subgroup where people were 34 < age ≤ 49 and BMI ≥ 25, when with positive family history of diabetes, 89 (92%) out of 97 individuals were identified as diabetic and, when without family history of diabetes, 576 (58%) of the individuals were identified as nondiabetic. Work-related stress was identified as being associated with diabetes. In individuals with 34 < age ≤ 49 and BMI ≥ 25 and without family history of diabetes, 22 (51%) of the individuals with high work-related stress were identified as nondiabetic while 349 (88%) of the individuals with low or moderate work-related stress were identified as not having diabetes. CONCLUSIONS We proposed a classifier based on a decision tree which used nine features of patients which are easily obtained and noninvasive as predictor variables to identify potential incidents of diabetes. The classifier indicates that a decision tree analysis can be successfully applied to screen diabetes, which will support clinical practitioners for rapid diabetes identification. The model provides a means to target the prevention of diabetes which could reduce the burden on the health system through effective case management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Pei
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chengpu Zhang
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Quan
- Department of Informatics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiyong Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Wolfson J, Venkatasubramaniam A. Branching Out: Use of Decision Trees in Epidemiology. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40471-018-0163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Stark Assessment of Lifestyle Based Human Disorders Using Data Mining Based Learning Techniques. Ing Rech Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Han L, Luo S, Wang H, Pan L, Ma X, Zhang T. An Intelligible Risk Stratification Model Based on Pairwise and Size Constrained Kmeans. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2017; 21:1288-1296. [DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2016.2633403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Beštek M, Kocev D, Džeroski S, Brodnik A, Iljaž R. Modelling Time-Series of Glucose Measurements from Diabetes Patients Using Predictive Clustering Trees. Artif Intell Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-59758-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zheng T, Xie W, Xu L, He X, Zhang Y, You M, Yang G, Chen Y. A machine learning-based framework to identify type 2 diabetes through electronic health records. Int J Med Inform 2016; 97:120-127. [PMID: 27919371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To discover diverse genotype-phenotype associations affiliated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) via genome-wide association study (GWAS) and phenome-wide association study (PheWAS), more cases (T2DM subjects) and controls (subjects without T2DM) are required to be identified (e.g., via Electronic Health Records (EHR)). However, existing expert based identification algorithms often suffer in a low recall rate and could miss a large number of valuable samples under conservative filtering standards. The goal of this work is to develop a semi-automated framework based on machine learning as a pilot study to liberalize filtering criteria to improve recall rate with a keeping of low false positive rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS We propose a data informed framework for identifying subjects with and without T2DM from EHR via feature engineering and machine learning. We evaluate and contrast the identification performance of widely-used machine learning models within our framework, including k-Nearest-Neighbors, Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine and Logistic Regression. Our framework was conducted on 300 patient samples (161 cases, 60 controls and 79 unconfirmed subjects), randomly selected from 23,281 diabetes related cohort retrieved from a regional distributed EHR repository ranging from 2012 to 2014. RESULTS We apply top-performing machine learning algorithms on the engineered features. We benchmark and contrast the accuracy, precision, AUC, sensitivity and specificity of classification models against the state-of-the-art expert algorithm for identification of T2DM subjects. Our results indicate that the framework achieved high identification performances (∼0.98 in average AUC), which are much higher than the state-of-the-art algorithm (0.71 in AUC). DISCUSSION Expert algorithm-based identification of T2DM subjects from EHR is often hampered by the high missing rates due to their conservative selection criteria. Our framework leverages machine learning and feature engineering to loosen such selection criteria to achieve a high identification rate of cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS Our proposed framework demonstrates a more accurate and efficient approach for identifying subjects with and without T2DM from EHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zheng
- Institute of Image Communication and Networking, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Liling Xu
- Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying He
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Institute of Image Communication and Networking, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingrong You
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - You Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Rojas E, Munoz-Gama J, Sepúlveda M, Capurro D. Process mining in healthcare: A literature review. J Biomed Inform 2016; 61:224-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nourizadeh-Sedaghati A, Herbin M, Lukas-Croisier C, Novella JL, Delemer B. Study of Insulin Requirement Modeling in Hospitalized Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at a Late Stage of Stepwise Escalation Therapy. Diabetes Technol Ther 2016; 18:308-15. [PMID: 27028570 DOI: 10.1089/dia.2015.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the relationships between exogenous insulin requirements and endogenous variables in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Patients with T2D 65 years of age or older were enrolled for a short hospitalization period in order to start or change their basal-bolus therapy. The following data were collected: age, sex, diabetes duration, body mass index, glycosylated hemoglobin, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and triglyceride (TG) levels. RESULTS Data from 71 elderly T2D patients (31 men/40 women; 75.7 ± 6 years of age) were analyzed by data mining techniques. The total daily dose of insulin (TDI) ranged from 0.24 U/kg to 2.5 U/kg (ratio >1:10). Three clusters of patients were identified: Cluster 1 (n = 22) consisted of older patients (age, 82.05 ± 3.6 years) (P < 0.0001) with a TDI of 0.59 ± 0.21 U/kg/day and lower TG level (1.1 ± 0.4 mmol/L) (P < 0.0001). Cluster 2 (n = 22) consisted of patients with a TDI of 0.71 ± 0.24 U/kg/day with a higher eGFR (75.3 ± 18.8 mL/min) (P < 0.001) and a shorter duration of diabetes (13.6 ± 6.4 years) (P < 0.001). Cluster 3 (n = 27) consisted of patients with a larger proportion of macroangiopathic complications (P < 0.05), having a TDI of 1.31 ± 0.54 U/kg/day, higher TG level (2.2 ± 0.7 mmol/L) (P < 0.001), and lower eGFR (46.3 ± 16 mL/min). The average basal-bolus ratio was 43%/57% with a maximum bolus requirement due to carbohydrate intake at breakfast. CONCLUSIONS Insulin requirements in elderly T2D patients vary widely. Age, TG level, and eGFR appeared to be the most predictive factors of TDI. Because of the small sample size, further studies would be required to extrapolate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michel Herbin
- 2 CReSTIC (EA 3804), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne , Reims, France
| | - Céline Lukas-Croisier
- 1 Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology and Nutrition, University Hospital , Reims, France
| | - Jean-Luc Novella
- 3 Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital , Reims, France
| | - Brigitte Delemer
- 1 Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology and Nutrition, University Hospital , Reims, France
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Wayne N, Cercone N, Li J, Zohar A, Katz J, Brown P, Ritvo P. Data Mining of a Remote Behavioral Tracking System for Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study. JMIR Diabetes 2016; 1:e1. [PMID: 30291054 PMCID: PMC6238830 DOI: 10.2196/diabetes.4506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Complications from type 2 diabetes mellitus can be prevented when patients perform health behaviors such as vigorous exercise and glucose-regulated diet. The use of smartphones for tracking such behaviors has demonstrated success in type 2 diabetes management while generating repositories of analyzable digital data, which, when better understood, may help improve care. Data mining methods were used in this study to better understand self-monitoring patterns using smartphone tracking software. Objective Associations were evaluated between the smartphone monitoring of health behaviors and HbA1c reductions in a patient subsample with type 2 diabetes who demonstrated clinically significant benefits after participation in a randomized controlled trial. Methods A priori association-rule algorithms, implemented in the C language, were applied to app-discretized use data involving three primary health behavior trackers (exercise, diet, and glucose monitoring) from 29 participants who achieved clinically significant HbA1c reductions. Use was evaluated in relation to improved HbA1c outcomes. Results Analyses indicated that nearly a third (9/29, 31%) of participants used a single tracker, half (14/29, 48%) used two primary trackers, and the remainder (6/29, 21%) of the participants used three primary trackers. Decreases in HbA1c were observed across all groups (0.97-1.95%), but clinically significant reductions were more likely with use of one or two trackers rather than use of three trackers (OR 0.18, P=.04). Conclusions Data mining techniques can reveal relevant coherent behavior patterns useful in guiding future intervention structure. It appears that focusing on using one or two trackers, in a symbolic function, was more effective (in this sample) than regular use of all three trackers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Wayne
- Health Behaviour Change Lab, School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nick Cercone
- Data Mining Lab, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jiye Li
- Data Mining Lab, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ariel Zohar
- Health Behaviour Change Lab, School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joel Katz
- Pain Mechanisms Lab, Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Brown
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Analytics and Informatics, Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Ritvo
- Health Behaviour Change Lab, School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Mining data when technology is applied to support patients and professional on the control of chronic diseases: the experience of the METABO platform for diabetes management. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1246:191-216. [PMID: 25417088 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1985-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of how healthcare institution could benefit from the usage of technologies and personal health systems. Clinical, Usage and Technical data are mined in different ways and with different methods to support users (patients, health professionals and informal caregivers) in taking decisions. As a case study, the solutions and the techniques adopted in a research project focused on the delivery of technologies to improve diabetes management are described.
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Han L, Luo S, Yu J, Pan L, Chen S. Rule Extraction From Support Vector Machines Using Ensemble Learning Approach: An Application for Diagnosis of Diabetes. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2015; 19:728-34. [DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2014.2325615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ramezankhani A, Pournik O, Shahrabi J, Khalili D, Azizi F, Hadaegh F. Applying decision tree for identification of a low risk population for type 2 diabetes. Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014; 105:391-8. [PMID: 25085758 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to create a prediction model using data mining approach to identify low risk individuals for incidence of type 2 diabetes, using the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) database. METHODS For a 6647 population without diabetes, aged ≥20 years, followed for 12 years, a prediction model was developed using classification by the decision tree technique. Seven hundred and twenty-nine (11%) diabetes cases occurred during the follow-up. Predictor variables were selected from demographic characteristics, smoking status, medical and drug history and laboratory measures. RESULTS We developed the predictive models by decision tree using 60 input variables and one output variable. The overall classification accuracy was 90.5%, with 31.1% sensitivity, 97.9% specificity; and for the subjects without diabetes, precision and f-measure were 92% and 0.95, respectively. The identified variables included fasting plasma glucose, body mass index, triglycerides, mean arterial blood pressure, family history of diabetes, educational level and job status. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, decision tree analysis, using routine demographic, clinical, anthropometric and laboratory measurements, created a simple tool to predict individuals at low risk for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Ramezankhani
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Pournik
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Informatics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jamal Shahrabi
- Industrial Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Khalili
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Hadaegh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Pinhas-Hamiel O, Hamiel U, Greenfield Y, Boyko V, Graph-Barel C, Rachmiel M, Lerner-Geva L, Reichman B. Detecting intentional insulin omission for weight loss in girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:819-25. [PMID: 23674378 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intentional insulin omission is a unique inappropriate compensatory behavior that occurs in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, mostly in females, who omit or restrict their required insulin doses in order to lose weight. Diagnosis of this underlying disorder is difficult. We aimed to use clinical and laboratory criteria to create an algorithm to assist in the detection of intentional insulin omission. METHOD The distribution of HbA1c levels from 287 (181 females) patients with type 1 diabetes were used as reference. Data from 26 patients with type 1 diabetes and intentional insulin omission were analysed. The Weka (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis) machine learning software, decision tree classifier with 10-fold cross validation was used to developed prediction models. Model performance was assessed by cross-validation in a further 43 patients. RESULTS Adolescents with intentional insulin omission were discriminated by: female sex, HbA1c>9.2%, more than 20% of HbA1c measurements above the 90th percentile, the mean of 3 highest delta HbA1c z-scores>1.28, current age and age at diagnosis. The models developed showed good discrimination (sensitivity and specificity 0.88 and 0.74, respectively). The external test dataset revealed good performance of the model with a sensitivity and specificity of 1.00 and 0.97, respectively. DISCUSSION Using data mining methods we developed a clinical prediction model to determine an individual's probability of intentionally omitting insulin. This model provides a decision support system for the detection of intentional insulin omission for weight loss in adolescent females with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orit Pinhas-Hamiel
- Maccabi Health Care Services, Juvenile Diabetes Center, Raanana, Israel; Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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