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de Alwis N, Binder NK, Beard S, Mangwiro YTM, Kadife E, Cuffe JSM, Keenan E, Fato BR, Kaitu’u-Lino TJ, Brownfoot FC, Marshall SA, Hannan NJ. The L-NAME mouse model of preeclampsia and impact to long-term maternal cardiovascular health. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/12/e202201517. [PMID: 36260752 PMCID: PMC9356384 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia affects ∼2–8% of pregnancies worldwide. It is associated with increased long-term maternal cardiovascular disease risk. This study assesses the effect of the vasoconstrictor N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in modelling preeclampsia in mice, and its long-term effects on maternal cardiovascular health. In this study, we found that L-NAME administration mimicked key characteristics of preeclampsia, including elevated blood pressure, impaired fetal and placental growth, and increased circulating endothelin-1 (vasoconstrictor), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (anti-angiogenic factor), and C-reactive protein (inflammatory marker). Post-delivery, mice that received L-NAME in pregnancy recovered, with no discernible changes in measured cardiovascular indices at 1-, 2-, and 4-wk post-delivery, compared with matched controls. At 10-wk post-delivery, arteries collected from the L-NAME mice constricted significantly more to phenylephrine than controls. In addition, these mice had increased kidney Mmp9:Timp1 and heart Tnf mRNA expression, indicating increased inflammation. These findings suggest that though administration of L-NAME in mice certainly models key characteristics of preeclampsia during pregnancy, it does not appear to model the adverse increase in cardiovascular disease risk seen in individuals after preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha de Alwis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Therapeutics Discovery and Vascular Function Group, The University of Melbourne and Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Natalie K Binder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Therapeutics Discovery and Vascular Function Group, The University of Melbourne and Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Sally Beard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Therapeutics Discovery and Vascular Function Group, The University of Melbourne and Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Yeukai TM Mangwiro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Therapeutics Discovery and Vascular Function Group, The University of Melbourne and Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Elif Kadife
- Mercy Perinatal, Heidelberg, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obstetrics Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, The University of Melbourne and Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - James SM Cuffe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Emerson Keenan
- Mercy Perinatal, Heidelberg, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obstetrics Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, The University of Melbourne and Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Bianca R Fato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Therapeutics Discovery and Vascular Function Group, The University of Melbourne and Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Tu’uhevaha J Kaitu’u-Lino
- Mercy Perinatal, Heidelberg, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Diagnostics Discovery and Reverse Translation in Pregnancy Group, The University of Melbourne and Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Fiona C Brownfoot
- Mercy Perinatal, Heidelberg, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obstetrics Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, The University of Melbourne and Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Sarah A Marshall
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Ritchie Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University and The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| | - Natalie J Hannan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Therapeutics Discovery and Vascular Function Group, The University of Melbourne and Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal, Heidelberg, Australia
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Zelop CM, Bonney EA. COVID-19 in pregnancy: possible mechanisms not to be discounted. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022; 35:3016-3019. [PMID: 32811230 PMCID: PMC10430893 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1807508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has infected more than 16 million people worldwide. Related complications and death from COVID-19 disease and their underlying pathophysiology are intensely investigated. Pregnant women are among the affected. Although the severity of disease in pregnancy does not appear to be increased, the effects of infection on pregnancy should not escape careful examination. The currently known receptor for the virus, ACE2, regulates the renin-angiotensin system and is increased during pregnancy. Virus-receptor interactions may have significant effects on placental function, fetal development, and maternal immunity. The manifestation of cardiovascular complications of infection produces the hypothesis that a significant effect of the virus may be its influence on the maternal vascular system. Interference with the vascular adaptations to pregnancy and the post-partum may have implications for concurrent and future pregnancies as well as for long-term cardiovascular health. We should not miss the opportunity to learn from this virus about the physiology of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Zelop
- The Valley Hospital, Ridgewood, Paramus, NJ, USA
- New York University New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Bonney
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
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Gokina NI, Fairchild RI, Prakash K, DeLance NM, Bonney EA. Deficiency in CD4 T Cells Leads to Enhanced Postpartum Internal Carotid Artery Vasoconstriction in Mice: The Role of Nitric Oxide. Front Physiol 2021; 12:686429. [PMID: 34220551 PMCID: PMC8242360 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.686429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of postpartum (PP) stroke is increased in complicated pregnancies. Deficiency in CD4 T cell subsets is associated with preeclampsia and may contribute to PP vascular disease, including internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis and stroke. We hypothesized that CD4 T cell deficiency in pregnancy would result in ICA dysregulation, including enhanced ICA vasoconstriction. We characterized the function, mechanical behavior, and structure of ICAs from C57BL/6 (WT) and CD4 deficient (CD4KO) mice, and assessed the role of NO in the control of ICA function at pre-conception and PP. WT and CD4KO mice were housed under pathogen-free conditions, mated to same-strain males, and allowed to litter or left virgin. At 3 days or 4 weeks PP, mice were euthanized. The responses to phenylephrine (PE), high K+ and acetylcholine (ACh) were assessed in pressurized ICAs before and after NOS inhibition. Passive lumen diameters were measured at 3–140 mmHg. eNOS and iNOS expression as well as the presence of T cells were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Constriction of WT ICAs to PE was not modified PP. In contrast, responses to PE were significantly increased in ICAs from PP as compared to virgin CD4KO mice. Constriction to high K+ was not enhanced PP. ICAs from WT and CD4KO mice were equally sensitive to ACh with a significant rightward shift of dose-response curves after L-NNA treatment. NOS inhibition enhanced PE constriction of ICAs from WT virgin and PP mice. Although a similar effect was detected in ICAs of virgin CD4KO mice, no such changes were observed in vessels from PP CD4KO mice. Passive arterial distensibility at physiological levels of pressure was not modified at PP. ICA diameters were significantly increased in PP with no change in vascular wall thickness. Comparison of eNOS expression in virgin, 3 days and 4 weeks PP revealed a reduced expression in ICA from CD4 KO vs. WT PP vessels which reached significance at 4 weeks PP. iNos expression was similar and decreased over the PP period in vessels from WT and CD4KO mice. Dysregulation of the CD4 T cell population in pregnancy may make ICA vulnerable to vasospasm due to decreased NO-dependent control of ICA constriction. This may lead to cerebral hypoperfusion and increase the risk of maternal PP stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I Gokina
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Rebecca I Fairchild
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kirtika Prakash
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Nicole M DeLance
- Microscopy Imaging Center, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Bonney
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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Gokina NI, Fairchild RI, Bishop NM, Dawson TE, Prakash K, Bonney EA. Kinetics of Postpartum Mesenteric Artery Structure and Function Relative to Pregnancy and Lactation in Mice. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1200-1215. [PMID: 33415648 PMCID: PMC7935827 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00402-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence suggests that normal pregnancy in women is associated with decreased cardiovascular risk in later life. Clinical studies have provided evidence that alterations in vascular function and structure are detectable long after delivery. To understand these findings, we examined mesenteric artery reactivity at both early (3 days and 2–4 weeks) and late (12 weeks) postpartum (PP) time points in relation to late pregnancy (LP) and lactation. Vessels from virgin controls, LP, PP, and nursing and non-nursing mothers were tested for responses to phenylephrine (PE), high potassium solutions (high K+), and acetylcholine (ACh). Passive arterial distensibility, vessel dimensions, and collagen and elastin content were evaluated for the studied groups. We observed that (1) there was a significant inhibition of vascular reactivity to PE in LP, 3 days and 2 weeks PP vessels that returned to pre-pregnancy levels at 4 and 12 weeks PP; (2) inhibition of NO production in PP vessels restored PE-induced constriction to pre-pregnancy levels; (3) vasodilator responses to ACh were similar at all PP periods; (4) LP and early PP was associated with a persistent increase in arterial distensibility that correlates with a PP-induced reduction in wall collagen, and regressed to pre-conception levels at 12 weeks PP; (5) vessels from non-nursing PP mice demonstrated an increased PE reactivity, diminished responses to ACh, and reduced distensibility compared to breastfeeding mice. These studies provide a timeframe for mesenteric artery adaptations that occur during pregnancy and extend to the PP period, but which may be modified by PP events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I Gokina
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Given Building, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | - Rebecca I Fairchild
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Given Building, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Nicole M Bishop
- Microscopy Imaging Center, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Taylor E Dawson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Given Building, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Kirtika Prakash
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Given Building, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Bonney
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Given Building, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
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Meyer N, Zenclussen AC. Immune Cells in the Uterine Remodeling: Are They the Target of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals? Front Immunol 2020; 11:246. [PMID: 32140155 PMCID: PMC7043066 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sufficient uterine remodeling is essential for fetal survival and development. Pathologies related to poor remodeling have a negative impact on maternal and fetal health even years after birth. Research of the last decades yielded excellent studies demonstrating the key role of immune cells in the remodeling processes. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the relevance of immune cells for uterine remodeling during pregnancy and further discusses immunomodulatory effects of man-made endocrine disrupting chemicals on immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Meyer
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Lower activation of CD4+ memory T cells in preeclampsia compared to healthy pregnancies persists postpartum. J Reprod Immunol 2019; 136:102613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2019.102613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sadigh AR, Mihanfar A, Fattahi A, Latifi Z, Akbarzadeh M, Hajipour H, Bahrami‐asl Z, Ghasemzadeh A, Hamdi K, Nejabati HR, Nouri M. S100 protein family and embryo implantation. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19229-19244. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aydin Raei Sadigh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Aynaz Mihanfar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Urmia University of Medical Sciences Urmia Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Zeinab Latifi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell And Regenerative Medicine Institute Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Stem Cell And Regenerative Medicine Institute Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Biochemistry Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Hamed Hajipour
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Zahra Bahrami‐asl
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Aliyeh Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Kobra Hamdi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell And Regenerative Medicine Institute Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell And Regenerative Medicine Institute Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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Maduro MR. In the Spotlight. Reprod Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719117695151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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