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Segal NA, Nilges JM, Oo WM. Sex differences in osteoarthritis prevalence, pain perception, physical function and therapeutics. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024:S1063-4584(24)01150-6. [PMID: 38588890 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women have a higher prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) and worse clinical courses than men. However, the underlying factors and therapeutic outcomes of these sex-specific differences are incompletely researched. This review examines the current state of knowledge regarding sex differences in OA prevalence, risk factors, pain severity, functional outcomes, and use and response to therapeutics. METHODS PubMed database was used with the title keyword combinations "{gender OR sex} AND osteoarthritis" plus additional manual search of the included papers for pertinent references, yielding 212 references. Additional references were added and 343 that were reviewed for appropriateness. RESULTS Globally, women account for 60% of people with osteoarthritis with a greater difference after age 40. The higher risk for women may be due to differences in joint anatomy, alignment, muscle strength, hormonal influences, obesity, and/or genetics. At the same radiographic severity, women have greater pain severity than men, which may be explained by biologically distinct pain pathways, differential activation of central pain pathways, differences in pain sensitivity, perception, reporting, and coping strategies. Women have greater limitations of physical function and performance than men independent of BMI, OA severity, injury history, amount of weekly exercise. Women also have greater use of analgesic medications than men but less use of arthroplasty and poorer prognosis after surgical interventions. CONCLUSIONS The recognition of sex differences in OA manifestations and management could guide tailoring of sex-specific treatment protocols, and analysis of sex as a biological variable in future research would enhance development of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil A Segal
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | | | - Win Min Oo
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; University of Medicine, Mandalay, Mandalay, Myanmar.
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Mai C, Mai P, Hinz M, Saenger R, Seil R, Tischer T, Roessler PP. Females show worse functional outcome and quality of life compared to males 2 years after meniscus surgery: Data analysis from the German Arthroscopy Registry. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2024. [PMID: 38454792 DOI: 10.1002/ksa.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of sex on knee function, activity and quality of life following meniscus surgery using data from the German Arthroscopy Registry. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study with data collected between 2017 and 2022. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), namely Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale (EQ Scale), and Marx Activity Rating Scale (MARS), were collected preoperatively and at 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. Data were analysed to examine differences between male and female patients regarding PROMs, pre-existing conditions, meniscus lesion types and surgical treatments. RESULTS A total of 1106 female (36.6%) and 1945 male patients (63.7%) were included. Males were significantly younger than females and had a higher body mass index. Overall, there were four times more medial meniscus lesions (MMLs) (77.5%) than lateral meniscus lesions (LMLs) (27.9%). Degenerative LMLs were more frequent in females, while traumatic LMLs were more common in males. Frequencies of traumatic and degenerative MMLs were similar among males and females. Males had higher absolute KOOS irrespective of treatment or meniscus lesion type. Meniscus repair resulted in similar improvements in ΔKOOS for both sexes, while meniscus resection exhibited higher absolute KOOS for males at each time point. Males generally had higher EQ Scale and MARS than females. CONCLUSION Greater improvements in knee function, activity and quality of life were observed in males. While MMLs appear to be comparable among sexes, the nature of LML differed significantly. These results may help surgeons to refine patient selection for specific treatments to improve overall clinical outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Mai
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Patrick Mai
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Advanced Biomechanics and Motion Studies, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Offenburg, Germany
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maximilian Hinz
- Department of Sports Orthopaedics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rebecca Saenger
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Romain Seil
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg-Clinique d'Eich, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Thomas Tischer
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philip P Roessler
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Gelenkzentrum Mittelrhein, Koblenz, Germany
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Salerno M, Andriolo L, Angelelli L, Buda R, Faldini C, Ferruzzi A, Vannini F, Zaffagnini S, Filardo G. Sex does not influence the long-term outcome of matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2024. [PMID: 38372188 DOI: 10.1002/ksa.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Regenerative techniques for articular cartilage lesions demonstrated heterogeneous clinical results. Several factors may influence the outcome, with sex being one of the most debated. This study aimed at quantifying the long-term influence of sex on the clinical outcome obtained with a regenerative procedure for knee chondral lesions. METHODS Matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) was used to treat 235 knees which were prospectively evaluated with the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), EuroQol visual analogue scale, and Tegner scores at 14-year mean follow-up. A multilevel analysis was performed with the IKDC subjective scores standardised according to the age/sex category of each patient and/or the selection of a match-paired subgroup to compare homogeneous men and women patients. RESULTS At 14 years, men and women showed a failure rate of 10.7% and 28.8%, respectively (p < 0.0005). An overall improvement was observed in both sexes. Women had more patellar lesions and men more condylar lesions (p = 0.001), and the latter also presented a higher preinjury activity level (p < 0.0005). Men had significantly higher IKDC subjective scores at all follow-ups (at 14 years: 77.2 ± 18.9 vs. 62.8 ± 23.1; p < 0.0005). However, the analysis of homogeneous match-paired populations of men and women, with standardised IKDC subjective scores, showed no differences between men and women (at 14 years: -1.6 ± 1.7 vs. -1.9 ± 1.6). CONCLUSION Men and women treated with MACT for knee chondral lesions presented a significant improvement and stable long-term results. When both sexes are compared with homogeneous match-paired groups, they have similar results over time. However, women present more often unfavourable lesion patterns, which proved more challenging in terms of long-term outcome after MACT. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Salerno
- Applied and Translational Research Center, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Andriolo
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 2, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Angelelli
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 2, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Buda
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica, Ospedale SS Annunziata, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cesare Faldini
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 1, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Ferruzzi
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 1, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Vannini
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 1, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Zaffagnini
- Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica 2, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Filardo
- Applied and Translational Research Center, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Bumberger A, Rupp MC, Lattermann C, Kleiner A, Niemeyer P. Increased risk of reoperation and failure to attain clinically relevant improvement following autologous chondrocyte implantation of the knee in female patients and individuals with previous surgeries: a time-to-event analysis based on the German cartilage registry (KnorpelRegister DGOU). Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2023; 31:5837-5847. [PMID: 37950850 PMCID: PMC10719132 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-023-07615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to analyze the risk of reoperation following autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) of the knee utilizing third-generation ACI products in a time-to-event analysis and report on the associated patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) in case of reoperation. METHODS Patients undergoing ACI were included from a longitudinal database. Patient age, sex, body mass index (BMI), number of previous surgeries, lesion localization, lesion size, symptom duration, as well as time and type of reoperation was extracted. A cox proportional-hazards model was applied to investigate the influence of baseline variables on risk of reoperation. Reoperation was defined as any type of subsequent ipsilateral knee surgery, excluding hardware removal. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was utilized to compare PROM between patients with and without reoperation. RESULTS A total of 2039 patients were included with 1359 (66.7%) having a minimum follow-up of 24 months. There were overall 243 reoperations (prevalence 17.9%). Minor arthroscopic procedures (n = 96, 39.5%) and revision cartilage repair procedures (n = 78, 32.1%) were the most common reoperations. Nineteen patients (0.9%) reported conversion arthroplasty at 17.7 (10.4) months after ACI. Female sex (HR 1.5, 95% CI [1.2, 2.0], p = 0.002) and the presence of 1-2 previous surgeries (HR 1.5, 95% CI [1.1, 2.0], p = 0.010), or more than 2 previous surgeries (HR 1.9, 95% CI [1.2, 2.9], p = 0.004) were significantly associated with increased risk of reoperation following ACI. Significantly less patients surpassed the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in the reoperation group at 24 months regarding the KOOS subscores pain (OR 1.6, 95% CI [1.1, 2.2]), quality of life (OR 2.2, 95% CI [1.6, 3.2]), symptoms (OR 2.0 [1.4, 2.9]), and sports (OR 2.0 [1.4, 2.8]). CONCLUSION Female patients and individuals with a history of previous surgeries face an elevated risk of requiring reoperation after undergoing ACI, which is associated with failure to attain clinically relevant improvements. A thorough evaluation of the indications for ACI is paramount, particularly when patients have a history of previous surgeries. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bumberger
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, AKH Wien, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- OCM, Munich, Germany.
| | - Marco Christopher Rupp
- The Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadows Drive, Suite 400, Vail, CO, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Hospital Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Anne Kleiner
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, AKH Wien, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Niemeyer
- OCM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Albert-Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Weishorn J, Bumberger A, Niemeyer P, Tischer T, Mueller-Rath R, Renkawitz T, Bangert Y. [The first decade of the DGOU's cartilage register-insights for clinical practice]. ORTHOPADIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023:10.1007/s00132-023-04386-2. [PMID: 37272990 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-023-04386-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Registry data provide valuable epidemiological insights that help to further improve process and outcome quality in patient care. The German Cartilage Registry (KnorpelRegister DGOU) was established in 2013 as an instrument for quality assurance after surgical cartilage regenerative procedures on hip, knee and ankle joints. DATA COLLECTION Participation in the German Cartilage Registry is optional for hospitals and practices. Currently, more than 160 institutions in Germany, Austria and Switzerland participate in the data collection. DATA COLLECTED AND INITIAL FINDINGS The implementation of PROMs ("patient related outcome measurement"), as well as the recording of surgery-related influencing factors, enable a differentiated scientific analysis and represent a key quality feature of the registry. Initial analyses of the registry data have already provided clinically relevant findings for immediate patient care. For example, patients who underwent focal cartilage therapy prior to ACT show a clinically relevant, significantly worse outcome than patients who underwent primary ACT. First conclusions could also be drawn regarding the relevance of concomitant cartilage therapy. For example, in patients with focal cartilage damage of the medial knee joint compartment, registry data indicate that leg axis correction is indicated even in cases of mild deviation of the mechanical leg axis. CONCLUSION The data and findings obtained from the Cartilage Registry represent an important aspect of clinical care research and serve as a complement to well-designed, clinically prospective cohort studies, RCTs, and meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Weishorn
- Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Heidelberg, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | | | - Philipp Niemeyer
- OCM Orthopädische Chirurgie München, München, Deutschland
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Deutschland
| | - Thomas Tischer
- Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | | | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Heidelberg, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Yannic Bangert
- Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Heidelberg, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
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Zellner J, Faber S, Spahn G, Zinser W, Niemeyer P, Angele P. Current practice of concomitant surgeries in cartilage repair of the femorotibial compartment of the knee: baseline data of 4968 consecutive patients from the German cartilage registry (KnorpelRegister DGOU). Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2023; 143:571-581. [PMID: 34324039 PMCID: PMC9925572 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-04077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The treatment of underlying comorbidities is a field of rising interest in cartilage repair surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze the current practice of concomitant surgeries in cartilage repair of the knee especially in the medial or lateral femorotibial compartment. Type, frequency and distribution of additional surgeries for correction of malalignment, knee instability and meniscus deficiency should be evaluated. METHODS Baseline data of 4968 patients of the German Cartilage Registry (KnorpelRegister DGOU) were analyzed regarding the distribution of concomitant surgeries in addition to regenerative cartilage treatment. RESULTS Beyond 4968 patients 2445 patients with cartilage defects in the femorotibial compartment of the knee could be identified. Of these patients 1230 (50.3%) received additional surgeries for correction of malalignment, instability and meniscus deficiency. Predominant procedures were leg axis corrections (31.3%), partial meniscectomy (20.9%) and ACL reconstruction (13.4%). The distribution of the concomitant surgeries varied between cartilage defects according to the different defect genesis. Patients with traumatic defects were younger (36y) and received predominantly ACL reconstructions (29.2%) (degenerative: 6.7%), whereas patients with degenerative defects were older (43y) and underwent predominantly leg axis corrections (38.0%; traumatic: 11.0%). CONCLUSIONS This study shows the high frequency and distinct distribution of the concomitant surgeries in addition to regenerative cartilage treatment procedures. Understanding of the underlying cause of the cartilage defect and addressing the comorbidities as a whole joint therapy are of utmost importance for a successful regenerative cartilage treatment. These data provide a baseline for further follow up evaluations and long-term outcome analysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Zellner
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center of Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93042, Regensburg, Germany.
- Sporthopaedicum Regensburg, Hildegard von Bingen Strasse 1, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Svea Faber
- OCM, Orthopedic Surgery Munich, Steinerstrasse 6, 812306, Munich, Germany
| | - Gunter Spahn
- Praxisklinik Eisenach, Sophienstrasse 16, 99817, Eisenach, Germany
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Jena, Bachstrasse 18, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Zinser
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, St. Vinzenz Hospital, Dr.-Otto-Seidel-Strasse 31-33, 46535, Dinslaken, Germany
| | - Philipp Niemeyer
- OCM, Orthopedic Surgery Munich, Steinerstrasse 6, 812306, Munich, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Angele
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center of Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
- Sporthopaedicum Regensburg, Hildegard von Bingen Strasse 1, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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Faber S, Niemeyer P, Fickert S. Knorpelersatzverfahren und Regeneration am Knie- und
Hüftgelenk. PHYSIKALISCHE MEDIZIN, REHABILITATIONSMEDIZIN, KURORTMEDIZIN 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1821-7068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Die operative Therapie von Knorpelschäden am Kniegelenk hat sich in den
letzten Jahren von vorsichtigen Anfängen mit innovativen
Therapieansätzen zu einem festen und etablierten Baustein der
gelenkerhaltenden Therapie entwickelt. Hingegen hat sich am Hüftgelenk
erst in den letzten 10 Jahren, basierend auf einem erweiterten
Verständnis grundlegender mechanischer Pathomechanismen, die
gelenkerhaltende Hüftchirurgie und insbesondere die Knorpeltherapie
etabliert. Der Beitrag stellt die zur Verfügung stehenden Techniken
vor.
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Faber S, Seiferth N, Angele P, Spahn G, Buhs M, Zinser W, Niemeyer P. Factors correlating with patients' satisfaction after undergoing cartilage repair surgery-data from the German Cartilage Registry (KnorpelRegister DGOU). INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2021; 46:457-464. [PMID: 34877608 PMCID: PMC8840917 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-021-05274-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Subjective patient satisfaction is the most relevant parameter for assessing the success of treatment after orthopaedic surgery. The aim of the present study was to correlate patient-reported outcome parameters (i.e., absolute KOOS, KOOS increase) and revision-free survival with patient’s satisfaction. Furthermore, the study aimed on the identification of pre-operative factors that are associated with patient’s satisfaction after the surgery. For the present study, 6305 consecutive patients from the German Cartilage Registry (KnorpelRegister DGOU) were analyzed. Patient characteristics and outcome were correlated with patients’ satisfaction after a follow-up of three years by Spearman correlation. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Mean age was 37 ± 12.5 years, 59.7% patients were male, and 40.3% female. Most patients (46.7%) were treated with an autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). The strongest correlation of subjective satisfaction and the subscore quality of life (r = 0.682; p < 0.001) was found, whereas the post-operative increase in KOOS from the pre-operative value showed only a moderate correlation (r = 0.520; p < 0.001). There was also a significant correlation with the absolute KOOS value (r = 0.678; p < 0.001), the subscores pain (r = 0.652; p < 0.001), quality of life (r = 0.682; p < 0.001), and sports (r = 0.633; p < 0.001), whereas symptoms (r = 0.504, p < 0.001) and activities of daily life (r = 0.601; p < 0.001) showed a weaker correlation. Pain also correlated highly significant with the patient satisfaction 24 months after surgery (r = − 0.651, p < 0.001). The correlation between satisfaction after the 2nd and 3rd year (r = 0.727; p < 0.001) is stronger than correlation after six months and three years (r = 0.422, p < 0.001). All pre-operative parameters show a very weak correlation (r < 0.1). The use of standardized measuring instruments (KOOS and Pain) is a relevant outcome parameter in science and clinical practice, whereas absolute values represent satisfaction better than the individual increase. The subscores “pain,” “quality of life,” and “sports” represent satisfaction better than the subscores “symptoms” and “activity of daily life.” Early satisfaction has only a moderate predictive value for satisfaction after 3 years, which is of great practical relevance in particular for the assessment of potential treatment failures. It is remarkable to note that a revision surgery is only very mildly associated with increased dissatisfaction. Pre-operative factors are not reliable prediction factors for post-operative patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svea Faber
- OCM | Orthopädische Chirurgie München, Steinerstrasse 6, 812306, München, Germany
| | - Nick Seiferth
- OCM | Orthopädische Chirurgie München, Steinerstrasse 6, 812306, München, Germany
- Klinik Für Orthopädie Und Traumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Peter Angele
- Sporthopaedicum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Sporthopaedicum Straubing, Straubing, Germany
- Sporthopaedicum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Klinik Für Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gunter Spahn
- Praxisklinik Eisenach, Eisenach, Germany
- Klinik Für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Buhs
- Norddeutsches Knorpelcentrum, COVZ Quickborn, Quickborn, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Niemeyer
- OCM | Orthopädische Chirurgie München, Steinerstrasse 6, 812306, München, Germany.
- Klinik Für Orthopädie Und Traumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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Welche Faktoren beeinflussen die Patientenzufriedenheit nach knorpelregenerativen Eingriffen? ARTHROSKOPIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00142-021-00462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Gao L, Cucchiarini M, Madry H. Cyst formation in the subchondral bone following cartilage repair. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e248. [PMID: 33377663 PMCID: PMC7733665 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Subchondral bone cysts represent an early postoperative sign associated with many articular cartilage repair procedures. They may be defined as an abnormal cavity within the subchondral bone in close proximity of a treated cartilage defect with a possible communication to the joint cavity in the absence of osteoarthritis. Two synergistic mechanisms of subchondral cyst formation, the theory of internal upregulation of local proinflammatory factors, and the external hydraulic theory, are proposed to explain their occurrence. This review describes subchondral bone cysts in the context of articular cartilage repair to improve investigations of these pathological changes. It summarizes their epidemiology in both preclinical and clinical settings with a focus on individual cartilage repair procedures, examines an algorithm for subchondral bone analysis, elaborates on the underlying mechanism of subchondral cyst formation, and condenses the clinical implications and perspectives on subchondral bone cyst formation in cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- Center of Experimental OrthopaedicsSaarland University Medical Center and Saarland UniversityHomburgGermany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental OrthopaedicsSaarland University Medical Center and Saarland UniversityHomburgGermany
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental OrthopaedicsSaarland University Medical Center and Saarland UniversityHomburgGermany
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