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Yang Y, Zhang P, Zhu X. Effects of crossover point exercise and high-intensity interval training on vascular health in young overweight females. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:77-86. [PMID: 37611320 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of 10 weeks of crossover point (COP) exercise training and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiovascular risk factors and vascular health in overweight young women. Overweight young women were randomized into HIIT and COP groups. Participants in the HIIT group (n = 10; age = 22 ± 2, body mass index (BMI) = 25.72 ± 0.90) and COP group (n = 10, age = 21 ± 2, BMI = 25.90 ± 1.90) took part in 10 weeks of HIIT and COP exercise training, respectively. Cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular health, and oxidative stress indicators were measured before and after the intervention period. After 10 weeks of exercise intervention, both COP exercise and HIIT led to a significant increase in maximal oxygen uptake (p < 0.001). The systolic blood pressure (p = 0.006), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.006), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (p = 0.002) were significantly decreased in both COP group and HIIT group, while serum interleukin-6 levels were increased in HIIT and COP groups. The present study shows that a training program at COP could be an effective strategy to protect vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yang
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Peizhen Zhang
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhu
- Sport Science College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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2
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Lobene AJ, Ragland TJ, Lennon SL, Malin SK. Nutrition Interactions With Exercise Training on Endothelial Function. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2023; 51:57-64. [PMID: 36700665 PMCID: PMC10033354 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Exercise is advised to improve overall cardiovascular health and endothelial function. However, the role of nutrition on this exercise-induced endothelial adaptation is not clear. Here, we hypothesize that nutrients interact with exercise to influence endothelial function and chronic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J. Lobene
- Department of Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Tristan J. Ragland
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Shannon L. Lennon
- Department of Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Steven K. Malin
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ
- The New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition &Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
- Institute of Translational Medicine & Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
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Ren J, Xiao H, Wang P. Acute Effects of the Interval and Duration of Intermittent Exercise on Arterial Stiffness in Young Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16847. [PMID: 36554739 PMCID: PMC9779233 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We proved the hypothesis that intermittent exercise would have a better effect on arterial stiffness by shortening the duration of intervals and increasing the number of bouts. Twenty healthy male college students (20.4 ± 0.4 years) were randomly assigned to a quiet control (CON), 30 min continuous exercise (CE), long-interval intermittent exercise with long intervals (IELL), long-interval intermittent exercise with short intervals (IELS), and short-interval intermittent exercise with short intervals (IESS). The intensity was set to 45% of the heart rate reserve. The brachial-ankle pulse wave (baPWV) was measured at baseline (BL), 0 min post-exercise, 20 min post-exercise, 40 min post-exercise, and 60 min post-exercise. BaPWV changes (⊿baPWV) from the BL in the same tests were used for the analysis. ⊿baPWV did not change significantly in the CON. ⊿baPWV decreased significantly at 0, 20, and 40 min in all exercise tests. ⊿baPWV decreased significantly at 60 min in IELS and IESS. At 60 min, the ⊿baPWV of IELS and IESS was still significantly lower than that of CON and CE, and the ⊿baPWV of IESS was still significantly lower than that of IELS. Hence, shortening the intervals of intermittent exercise and increasing the number of repetitions may enhance the effect of improving arterial stiffness.
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Changes in Arterial Stiffness in Response to Various Types of Exercise Modalities: A Narrative Review on Physiological and Endothelial Senescence Perspectives. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223544. [PMID: 36428973 PMCID: PMC9688701 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is a reliable independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Exercise training might enhance arterial compliance through improved metabolic health status. Different modes of exercise may have different effects on arterial stiffness. However, the interactions among different modes of exercise on endothelial senescence, the development of arterial vascular stiffness, and the associated molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. In this narrative review, we evaluate the current evidence focusing on the effects of various exercise modes on arterial stiffness and vascular health, and the known underlying physiological mechanisms are discussed as well. Here, we discuss the most recent evidence of aerobic exercise, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and resistance exercise (RE) on arterial stiffness and endothelial senescence in physiological and cellular studies. Indeed, aerobic, HIIT, and progression RE-induced arterial compliance may reduce arterial stiffness by effectively promoting nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and reducing endothelial senescence. However, the transient increase in inflammation and sympathetic activation may contribute to the temporary elevation in arterial stiffness following whole-body high-intensity acute resistance exercise.
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Liu WL, Lin YY, Mündel T, Chou CC, Liao YH. Effects of Acute Interval Exercise on Arterial Stiffness and Cardiovascular Autonomic Regulatory Responses: A Narrative Review of Potential Impacts of Aging. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:864173. [PMID: 35620510 PMCID: PMC9127236 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.864173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological changes associated with aging deleteriously impact cardiovascular function and regulation and therefore increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. There is substantial evidence that changes in the autonomic nervous system and arterial stiffness play an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease during the aging process. Exercise is known to be effective in improving autonomic regulation and arterial vascular compliance, but differences in the type and intensity of exercise can have varying degrees of impact on vascular regulatory responses and autonomic function. There is still little evidence on whether there are differences in the response of exercise interventions to cardiovascular modulatory effects across the lifespan. In addition, acute interval exercise challenges can improve autonomic modulation, although the results of interval exercise on autonomic physiological parameters vary. Therefore, this narrative review focuses on evaluating the effects of acute interval exercise on blood pressure regulation and autonomic responses and also incorporates studies investigating different age groups to evaluate the effects of acute interval exercise on the autonomic nervous system. Herein we also summarize existing literature examining the acute cardiovascular responses to varied modes of interval exercise, as well as to further compare the benefits of interval exercise with other types of exercise on autonomic regulation and arterial stiffness. After reviewing the existing literature, it has been shown that with advancing age, changes in the autonomic nervous activity of interval exercise result in significant impacts on the cardiovascular system. We document that with advancing age, changes in the autonomic nerves lead to aging of the nervous system, thereby affecting the regulation of blood pressure. According to the limited literature, interval exercise is more effective in attenuating arterial stiffness than continuous exercise, but the difference in exercise benefits may depend on the training mode, intensity, duration of exercise, and the age of participants. Therefore, the benefits of interval exercise on autonomic and arterial stiffness improvement still warrant investigation, particularly the impact of age, in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Long Liu
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yuan Lin
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Toby Mündel
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Chun-Chung Chou
- Physical Education Office, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chun-Chung Chou
| | - Yi-Hung Liao
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
- Yi-Hung Liao
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Lopes WA, Locatelli JC, Simões CF, Okawa RTP. Does intensity really matter regarding aerobic exercise reductions in wave reflection and central hemodynamics? Commentary on "The effect of acute aerobic exercise on central arterial stiffness, wave reflections, and hemodynamics in adults with diabetes: A randomized cross-over design" by Way et al. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 10:507-509. [PMID: 33130093 PMCID: PMC8343058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendell Arthur Lopes
- Department of Physical Education, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil; Postgraduate in Physical Education Program, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil; Research Group on Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Aging (GPHARV), Maringa 87020-900, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Locatelli
- Postgraduate in Physical Education Program, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil; Research Group on Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Aging (GPHARV), Maringa 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Ferraz Simões
- Department of Physical Education, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil; Postgraduate in Physical Education Program, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil; Research Group on Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Aging (GPHARV), Maringa 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Rogério Toshiro Passos Okawa
- Research Group on Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Aging (GPHARV), Maringa 87020-900, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil
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Way KL, Sabag A, Lee AS, Twigg SM, Johnson NA. Managing arterial health in adults with metabolic diseases: Is high-intensity interval exercise the answer? Response to the commentary by Lopes et al. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 10:510-512. [PMID: 33010526 PMCID: PMC8343056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley L Way
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia; Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada.
| | - Angelo Sabag
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Angela S Lee
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Stephen M Twigg
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Nathan A Johnson
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia; Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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Li WG, Huang Z, Chen T, Zhang XA. A call for universal criteria of high-intensity interval training in cardiac rehabilitation. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 28:e30-e32. [PMID: 32484051 DOI: 10.1177/2047487320927618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-guang Li
- Cardiology of Department, Liaoning Province Jinqiu Hospital, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Cardiology of Department, Liaoning Province Jinqiu Hospital, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Liaoning Institute of Sports Science, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin-an Zhang
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Liaoning, Shenyang, China
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The impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on arterial stiffness and blood pressure in young obese women: a randomized controlled trial. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:1315-1318. [PMID: 32467641 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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