1
|
Krzyściak W, Bystrowska B, Karcz P, Chrzan R, Bryll A, Turek A, Mazur P, Śmierciak N, Szwajca M, Donicz P, Furman K, Pilato F, Kozicz T, Popiela T, Pilecki M. Association of Blood Metabolomics Biomarkers with Brain Metabolites and Patient-Reported Outcomes as a New Approach in Individualized Diagnosis of Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2294. [PMID: 38396971 PMCID: PMC10888632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Given its polygenic nature, there is a need for a personalized approach to schizophrenia. The aim of the study was to select laboratory biomarkers from blood, brain imaging, and clinical assessment, with an emphasis on patients' self-report questionnaires. Metabolomics studies of serum samples from 51 patients and 45 healthy volunteers, based on the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS), led to the identification of 3 biochemical indicators (cortisol, glutamate, lactate) of schizophrenia. These metabolites were sequentially correlated with laboratory tests results, imaging results, and clinical assessment outcomes, including patient self-report outcomes. The hierarchical cluster analysis on the principal components (HCPC) was performed to identify the most homogeneous clinical groups. Significant correlations were noted between blood lactates and 11 clinical and 10 neuroimaging parameters. The increase in lactate and cortisol were significantly associated with a decrease in immunological parameters, especially with the level of reactive lymphocytes. The strongest correlations with the level of blood lactate and cortisol were demonstrated by brain glutamate, N-acetylaspartate and the concentrations of glutamate and glutamine, creatine and phosphocreatine in the prefrontal cortex. Metabolomics studies and the search for associations with brain parameters and self-reported outcomes may provide new diagnostic evidence to specific schizophrenia phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wirginia Krzyściak
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Beata Bystrowska
- Department of Biochemical Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Paulina Karcz
- Department of Electroradiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Health Sciences, 31-126 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Robert Chrzan
- Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, 31-503 Krakow, Poland; (R.C.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Amira Bryll
- Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, 31-503 Krakow, Poland; (R.C.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Aleksander Turek
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Paulina Mazur
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Natalia Śmierciak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Marta Szwajca
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Paulina Donicz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Furman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Fabio Pilato
- Neurology, Neurophysiology and Neurobiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Tadeusz Popiela
- Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, 31-503 Krakow, Poland; (R.C.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Maciej Pilecki
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Romanova Z, Hlavacova N, Jezova D. Psychotropic Drug Effects on Steroid Stress Hormone Release and Possible Mechanisms Involved. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020908. [PMID: 35055090 PMCID: PMC8779609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no doubt that chronic stress accompanied by adrenocortical stress hormone release affects the development and treatment outcome of several mental disorders. Less attention has been paid to the effects of psychotropic drugs on adrenocortical steroids, particularly in clinical studies. This review focuses on the knowledge related to the possible modulation of cortisol and aldosterone secretion under non-stress and stress conditions by antipsychotic drugs, which are being used in the treatment of several psychotic and affective disorders. The molecular mechanisms by which antipsychotic drugs may influence steroid stress hormones include the modulation of central and/or adrenocortical dopamine and serotonin receptors, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, influence on regulatory mechanisms in the central part of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, inhibition of corticotropin-releasing hormone gene promoters, influencing glucocorticoid receptor-mediated gene transcription, indirect effects via prolactin release, alteration of signaling pathways of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid actions. Clinical studies performed in healthy subjects, patients with psychosis, and patients with bipolar disorder suggest that single and repeated antipsychotic treatments either reduce cortisol concentrations or do not affect its secretion. A single and potentially long-term treatment with dopamine receptor antagonists, including antipsychotics, has a stimulatory action on aldosterone release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Romanova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Z.R.); (N.H.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Natasa Hlavacova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Z.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Daniela Jezova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Z.R.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|