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Zheng L, Ye M, Ma J, Jin C, Yang Y, Li H, Zheng R, Wang Y. Effects of adding adjuvants to propofol on the post-anesthesia cognitive function in patients undergoing gastroscopy/colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024; 23:995-1005. [PMID: 38217432 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2305705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to elucidate the effects of propofol plus adjuvants on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and patient satisfaction. METHODS Studies published up to September 2023 on the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, Sinomed, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Clinictrials.gov websites were searched. Binary summary of results was used for meta-analyses. RESULTS We included 18 studies (2691 patients). The combined sedation did not affect the processing speed (ES = 0.02, 95%CI: -0.01, 0.04; I2 = 79.3%, p < 0.001), attention (ES = 0.02, 95%CI: -0.02, 0.05; I2 = 95.0%, p < 0.001), nor working memory (ES = 0.02, 95%CI: -0.03, 0.06; I2 = 94.4%, p < 0.001) in CogState brief battery tool. A significant effect of combined sedation was observed in the domain of visual learning in CogState tool (ES = -0.03, 95%CI: -0.04, -0.02; I2 = 15.8%, p = 0.306). The TDT (ES = 4.96, 95%CI: 2.92, 7.00) indicates that combined sedation would increase error rates in the tests of cognitive function. The DSST (ES = 0.16, 95% CI: -0.44, 0.75) shown that combined sedation does not affect cognitive function. In addition, an insignificant difference in patient satisfaction between combined sedation and propofol alone was observed (ES = -0.03, 95%CI: -0.09, 0.02). CONCLUSION The available evidence suggests that propofol combined with adjuvants may affect POCD but not patient satisfaction. REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY2023110092.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liupu Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengqian Ye
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoqi Li
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongyuan Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yu L, Zhu X, Peng K, Qin H, Yang K, Cai F, Hu J, Zhang Y. Propofol Alleviates Anxiety-Like Behaviors Associated with Pain by Inhibiting the Hyperactivity of PVN CRH Neurons via GABA A Receptor β3 Subunits. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309059. [PMID: 38639389 PMCID: PMC11267288 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Pain, a comorbidity of anxiety disorders, causes substantial clinical, social, and economic burdens. Emerging evidence suggests that propofol, the most commonly used general anesthetic, may regulate psychological disorders; however, its role in pain-associated anxiety is not yet described. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of a single dose of propofol (100 mg kg-1) in alleviating pain-associated anxiety and examines the underlying neural mechanisms. In acute and chronic pain models, propofol decreased anxiety-like behaviors in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field (OF) tests. Propofol also reduced the serum levels of stress-related hormones including corticosterone, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and norepinephrine. Fiber photometry recordings indicated that the calcium signaling activity of CRH neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVNCRH) is reduced after propofol treatment. Interestingly, artificially activating PVNCRH neurons through chemogenetics interfered with the anxiety-reducing effects of propofol. Electrophysiological recordings indicated that propofol decreases the activity of PVNCRH neurons by increasing spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs). Further, reducing the levels of γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor β3 (GABAAβ3) subunits in PVNCRH neurons diminished the anxiety-relieving effects of propofol. In conclusion, this study provides a mechanistic and preclinical rationale to treat pain-associated anxiety-like behaviors using a single dose of propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yu
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230601China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Xiaona Zhu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China
| | - Kang Peng
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230601China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Huimin Qin
- School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China
| | - Kexin Yang
- School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China
| | - Fang Cai
- School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China
| | - Ji Hu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230601China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
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Zhou R, Fu L, Liu S, Gao S, Zhao Z, Jiang W, Liu L, Ren W, Xiang D, You X, Tang C, Zhou Y, Song Y, Xie J, Xie L, Yu R, Zhang X, Zhou D, Han J, Xia L, Xiong L. Influences of Propofol, Ciprofol and Remimazolam on Dreaming During Anesthesia for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Randomized Double-Blind Parallel-Design Trial. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1907-1915. [PMID: 38828026 PMCID: PMC11144431 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s455915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare the influences of propofol, ciprofol and remimazolam on dreaming during painless gastrointestinal endoscopy. Methods This study was a single-center, prospective, parallel-design, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Between May 2023 and October 2023, patients undergoing elective painless gastrointestinal endoscopy were recruited and randomly allocated into one of the three groups. Demographic data, intraoperative information, incidence of dreaming, insufficient anesthesia and intraoperative awareness, type of dream, patient satisfaction score, adverse events, and improvement of sleep quality were collected. Results The difference in incidence of dreaming among the three groups was not significant (33.33% vs 48.33% vs 41.67%, p=0.061). The number of patients with intraoperative hypotension in the propofol group was larger than that of the remimazolam group (32 vs 12, p=0.001). However, the cases of intraoperative hypotension between propofol group and ciprofol group or ciprofol group and remimazolam group were comparable (32 vs 22, p=0.122; 22 vs 12, p=0.064). The percentage of insufficient anesthesia between propofol group and remimazolam group was significant (13.33% vs 1.67%, p=0.001), while no statistical difference was detected between propofol group and remimazolam group or ciprofol group and remimazolam group (13.33% vs 5.00%, p=0.025; 5.00% vs 1.67%, p=0.150). The ability of propofol to improve sleep quality at 1st post-examination day was significantly better than that of remimazolam (86.21% vs 72.88%, p=0.015), while it was not significant between propofol group and ciprofol group or ciprofol group and remimazolam group (86.21% vs 80.36%, p=0.236; 72.88% vs. 72.88%, p=0.181). Incidence of intraoperative awareness, intraoperative hypoxia, type of dream, satisfaction score, adverse events during recovery, and sleep improvement on the 7th post-examination day was not significant among the groups. Conclusion Anesthesia with propofol, ciprofol and remimazolam, respectively, for gastrointestinal endoscopy did not induce statistical difference in the incidence of dreaming, despite that all of them are more likely to induce pleasant dreams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sanjie Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhifu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wencai Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqiao Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing You
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyong Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yukai Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianjie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leqiang Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lize Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, People’s Republic of China
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Li T, Zhang J, Liu Z, Lu Y, Gong C, Han D, Wu Y, Gao K, Heng L, Wang L, Peng P. Effect of propofol and ciprofol on the euphoric reaction in patients with painless gastroscopy: A prospective randomized controlled trial. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30378. [PMID: 38707441 PMCID: PMC11068811 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the effects of propofol and ciprofol on patient euphoric reactions during sedation in patients undergoing gastroscopy and to investigate potential factors that may influence euphoric reactions in patients. Methods A total of 217 patients were randomly divided into two groups: the propofol group (P group, n = 109) and the ciprofol group (C group, n = 108). The patients in the P group were given 2 mg/kg propofol, and those in the C group were given 0.5 mg/kg ciprofol. The patients were assessed using the Addiction Research Center Inventory-Chinese Version (ARCI-CV) to measure euphoric reactions at three time points: preexamination, 30 min after awakening, and 1 week after examination. Anxiety, depression, and sleep status were evaluated using appropriate scales at admission and 1 week after the examination. The dream rate, sedative effects, vital sign dynamics, and adverse reactions were documented during the sedation process. Results After 30 min of awakening, the P group and C group showed no statistically significant differences in the mean morphine-benzedrine group (MBG) score (8.84 vs. 9.09, P > 0.05), dream rate (42.2 % vs. 40.7 %, P > 0.05), or MBG score one week after the examination (7.04 vs. 7.05, P > 0.05). The regression analysis revealed that sex, dream status, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score, and examination time had notable impacts on the MBG-30 min score. No statistically significant differences were observed in sedative effects, anxiety, depression, or sleep status between the two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of injection pain and severe hypotension was significantly lower in the C group (P < 0.05), and hemodynamics and SpO2 were more stable during sedation (P < 0.05). Conclusion There was no significant difference between propofol and ciprofol in terms of euphoria experienced by patients after sedation in patients undergoing gastroscopy. Ciprofol has demonstrated addictive potential similar to that of propofol, warranting careful attention to its addictive potential during clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Li
- XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhouliang Liu
- XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yao Lu
- XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chuhao Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Renci Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Renci Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Wu
- XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailun Gao
- XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Heng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou New Healthy Geriatric Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of JiangSu University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liwei Wang
- XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Renci Hospital, Xuzhou, China
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Zhong T, Lin Y, Zhuge R, Lin Y, Huang B, Zeng R. Reviewing the mechanism of propofol addiction. ALL LIFE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2023.2174708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhong
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Lin
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruohuai Zhuge
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujie Lin
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingwu Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruifeng Zeng
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Lu D, Choi S, Park J, Kim J, Zhao S, Uldry Lavergne CG, Desimone Q, Chen B, Han BX, Wang F, Goldstein N. General Anesthesia Activates a Central Anxiolytic Center in the BNST. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.20.572586. [PMID: 38187782 PMCID: PMC10769264 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.572586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Low doses of general anesthetics like ketamine and dexmedetomidine have anxiolytic properties independent of their sedative effects. How these different drugs exert these anxiolytic effects is not well understood. We discovered a population of GABAergic neurons in the oval division of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis that is activated by multiple anesthetics and the anxiolytic drug diazepam (ovBNST GA ). A majority of ovBNST GA neurons express neurotensin receptor 1 (Ntsr1) and innervate brain regions known to regulate anxiety and stress responses. Optogenetic activation ovBNST GA or ovBNST Ntsr1 neurons significantly attenuated anxiety-like behaviors in both naïve animals and mice with inflammatory pain, while inhibition of these cells increased anxiety. Notably, activation of these neurons decreased heart rate and increased heart rate variability, suggesting that they reduce anxiety through modulation of the autonomic nervous system. Our study identifies ovBNST GA /ovBNST Ntsr1 neurons as one of the brain's endogenous anxiolytic centers and a potential therapeutic target for treating anxiety-related disorders. HIGHLIGHTS General anesthetics and anxiolytics activate a population of neurons in the ovBNSTAnesthesia-activated ovBNST neurons bidirectionally modulate anxiety-like behaviorMost anesthesia-activated ovBNST neurons express neurotensin receptor 1 ovBNST Ntsr1 neuron activation shifts autonomic responses to an anxiolytic state.
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Yan Y, Ma H, Zhao J. Propofol Brings on the Light for Depression Therapy. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1891-1894. [PMID: 37815691 PMCID: PMC10661581 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01133-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongli Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Wehrmann T, Riphaus A, Eckardt AJ, Klare P, Kopp I, von Delius S, Rosien U, Tonner PH. Updated S3 Guideline "Sedation for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy" of the German Society of Gastroenterology, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS) - June 2023 - AWMF-Register-No. 021/014. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2023; 61:e654-e705. [PMID: 37813354 DOI: 10.1055/a-2165-6388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Till Wehrmann
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, DKD Helios Clinic Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Andrea Riphaus
- Internal Medicine, St. Elisabethen Hospital Frankfurt Artemed SE, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexander J Eckardt
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, DKD Helios Clinic Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Peter Klare
- Department Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Diabetology, and Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Agatharied, Hausham, Germany
| | - Ina Kopp
- Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany e.V. (AWMF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan von Delius
- Medical Clinic II - Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Hematology, and Oncology, RoMed Clinic Rosenheim, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Rosien
- Medical Clinic, Israelite Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter H Tonner
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Clinic Leer, Leer, Germany
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Wehrmann T, Riphaus A, Eckardt AJ, Klare P, Kopp I, von Delius S, Rosien U, Tonner PH. Aktualisierte S3-Leitlinie „Sedierung in der gastrointestinalen Endoskopie“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2023; 61:1246-1301. [PMID: 37678315 DOI: 10.1055/a-2124-5333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Till Wehrmann
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, DKD Helios Klinik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Deutschland
| | - Andrea Riphaus
- Innere Medizin, St. Elisabethen Krankenhaus Frankfurt Artemed SE, Frankfurt, Deutschland
| | - Alexander J Eckardt
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, DKD Helios Klinik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Deutschland
| | - Peter Klare
- Abteilung Innere Medizin - Gastroenterologie, Diabetologie und Hämato-/Onkologie, Krankenhaus Agatharied, Hausham, Deutschland
| | - Ina Kopp
- Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften e. V. (AWMF), Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Stefan von Delius
- Medizinische Klinik II - Innere Medizin - Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie, Endokrinologie, Hämatologie und Onkologie, RoMed Klinikum Rosenheim, Rosenheim, Deutschland
| | - Ulrich Rosien
- Medizinische Klinik, Israelitisches Krankenhaus, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Peter H Tonner
- Anästhesie- und Intensivmedizin, Klinikum Leer, Leer, Deutschland
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Wu X, Zeng L, Zhang T, Wu W, Tian Y, Dong S. The study of different dosages of remazolam combined with sufentanil and propofol on painless gastroscopy: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34731. [PMID: 37653789 PMCID: PMC10470722 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroscopy is one of the most commonly used diagnostic modalities for upper gastrointestinal disorders. Remazolam besylate, a new type of ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine drug, has been less studied in gastroscopy. In this study, we studied the efficacy and safety of remazolam combined with propofol for painless gastroscopy. METHODS This is a single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial. Hundred patients undergoing painless gastroscopy were included in this study and randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 50 per group): the remazolam 3 mg group (R3 group) and the remazolam 6 mg group (R6 group). Sufentanil, remazolam, and propofol are used to anesthetize the patients, and then, the effects of different dosages of remazolam on these patients are compared and analyzed. The patient's general condition, vital signs at different times, the dosage of propofol (mg) and additional times, complications, duration of gastroscopy (minute), awakening time (minute), residence time in the resuscitation room (minute), and adverse reactions were recorded. RESULTS R3 group systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are more stable (P < .05); The number of additional propofol in R6 group was less (P < .05). The incidence of hypotension was lower in R3 group, as well as the time of awakening and staying in the resuscitation room were shorter (P < .05). CONCLUSION Remazolam 3mg combined with sufentanil and propofol have less effect on hemodynamics in painless gastroscopy, and the patients have shorter awakening time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Shifang People’s Hospital, Shifang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tianyao Zhang
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Tian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuhua Dong
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Zhu XN, Li J, Qiu GL, Wang L, Lu C, Guo YG, Yang KX, Cai F, Xu T, Yuan TF, Hu J. Propofol exerts anti-anhedonia effects via inhibiting the dopamine transporter. Neuron 2023; 111:1626-1636.e6. [PMID: 36917979 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Lasker's award-winning drug propofol is widely used in general anesthesia. The recreational use of propofol is reported to produce a well-rested feeling and euphoric state; yet, the neural mechanisms underlying such pleasant effects remain unelucidated. Here, we report that propofol actively and directly binds to the dopamine transporter (DAT), but not the serotonin transporter (SERT), which contributes to the rapid relief of anhedonia. Then, we predict the binding mode of propofol by molecular docking and mutation of critical binding residues on the DAT. Fiber photometry recording on awake freely moving mice and [18F] FP-CIT-PET scanning further establishes that propofol administration evokes rapid and lasting dopamine accumulation in nucleus accumbens (NAc). The enhanced dopaminergic tone drives biased activation of dopamine-receptor-1-expressing medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) in NAc and reverses anhedonia in chronically stressed animals. Collectively, these findings suggest the therapeutic potential of propofol against anhedonia, which warrants future clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Na Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jie Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Gao-Lin Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chen Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yi-Ge Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ke-Xin Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fang Cai
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Ti-Fei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Ji Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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Burnett GW, Taree A, Martin L, Bryson EO. Propofol misuse in medical professions: a scoping review. Can J Anaesth 2023; 70:395-405. [PMID: 36577890 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-022-02382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to describe the current literature concerning propofol misuse in medical professionals, specifically relating to the individual demographics of those misusing propofol and the outcomes of propofol misuse. METHODS We conducted a retrospective scoping review of the literature using a modified PRISMA approach. We used MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases to identify relevant studies based on search terms. Studies describing individual medical professionals misusing propofol were included. RESULTS Twenty-four articles describing 88 individual cases of propofol misuse were included for data charting and analysis. Anesthesiologists and certified registered nurse anesthetists were most commonly identified. Death was a common method of identification of misuse, while rehabilitation and death were common final outcomes associated with propofol misuse. CONCLUSIONS Despite knowledge of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of propofol by those misusing this medication, death was a common outcome reported in the literature. Data related to long-term outcomes including re-entry to clinical practice or success of rehabilitation were limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett W Burnett
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1450 Madison Avenue, KCC 8th Floor Box 411, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Amir Taree
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1450 Madison Avenue, KCC 8th Floor Box 411, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Lily Martin
- Levy Library, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ethan O Bryson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1450 Madison Avenue, KCC 8th Floor Box 411, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Zhao K, Yang N, Yue J, Han Y, Wang X, Kang N, Zhang T, Guo X, Xu M. Factors associated with euphoria in a large subset of cases using propofol sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1001626. [PMID: 37181900 PMCID: PMC10174461 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1001626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The utilization of Propofol, a widely used intravenous sedative or anesthetic, is characterized by its quick onset, predictable control, and fleeting half-life during both general anesthesia and intensive care unit sedation. Recent evidence, however, has highlighted propofol's propensity to induce euphoria, particularly in patients undergoing painless procedures such as gastrointestinal or gastric endoscopy. Given its widespread use in patients undergoing such procedures, this study aims to investigate the clinical evidence and factors that may influence propofol-induced euphoria in these settings. Methods The Addiction Research Center Inventory-Chinese Version (ARCI-CV) scale was administered to 360 patients undergoing gastric or gastrointestinal endoscopy using propofol as a sedative. Patient characteristics including past medical history, depression, anxiety, alcohol abuse, and sleep disturbance were recorded through history taking and assessment using various questionnaires prior to the examination. The euphoric and sedative statuses were assessed at 30 min and 1 week post-examination. Results The experimental results of a survey of 360 patients who underwent gastric or gastrointestinal endoscopy using propofol showed that the mean Morphine-Benzedrine Group (MBG) score before the procedure and after 30 min of the procedure was 4.23 and 8.67, respectively. The mean Pentobarbital-Chlorpromazine-Alcohol Group (PCAG) score before the procedure and after 30 min of the procedure was 3.24 and 6.22, respectively. These results showed that both MBG and PCAG scores increased significantly after the procedure. Certain factors, such as dreaming, propofol dose, duration of anesthesia, and etomidate dose, were all correlated with MBG both at 30 min and 1 week after the examination. In addition, etomidate had an effect of decreasing MBG scores and increasing PCAG scores both at 30 min and 1 week after the examination. Conclusion Taken together, propofol may elicit euphoria and potentially contribute to propofol addiction. There are several risk factors for the development of propofol addiction, including dreaming, propofol dose, duration of anesthesia, and etomidate dose. These findings suggest that propofol may have a euphoric effect and may have the potential for drug addiction and abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingli Yue
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Institute of Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyang Guo,
| | - Mao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Mao Xu,
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14
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Chernova AP, Shormanov VK, Davydkina AE. [Propofol: use, toxicology and assay features]. Sud Med Ekspert 2022; 65:46-51. [PMID: 36196840 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20226505146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The study objective is to review the literature on the use, pharmacological properties, toxicology, and assay methods for intravenous anesthetic propofol. The scope and forms of propofol use, its pharmacokinetics, biotransformation features, which occurs more than 90% in the liver, and side effects associated with propofol use for anesthesia, are addressed. Propofol infusion syndrome (also known as PrIS) and deaths from propofol overdose due to medical errors, abuse, suicide attempts, and homicide are reported. Propofol identification and assay methods based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography (LC) are described. The features of the methods performance are outlined; biological materials (the study objects) are listed: mainly blood and plasma, as well as urine, bile, hair, etc. The relevance of a comprehensive forensic chemical study of propofol is indicated, though there are few forensic studies of propofol.
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Chen H, Xu D, Zhang Y, Yan Y, Liu J, Liu C, Shen W, Yu T, Liu J. Neurons in the Locus Coeruleus Modulate the Hedonic Effects of Sub-Anesthetic Dose of Propofol. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:636901. [PMID: 33767609 PMCID: PMC7985178 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.636901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Propofol is a worldwide-used intravenous general anesthetic with ideal effects, but hedonic effects of propofol have been reported and cause addictive issue. There is little known about the neurobiological mechanism of hedonic effects of propofol. Increasing researches have shown that the dopaminergic nervous system of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the noradrenergic system of locus coeruleus (LC) play a crucial role in hedonic experiences, which are putative sites for mediating the hedonic effects of propofol. In the present study, rat hedonic response scale and place conditioning paradigm were employed to examine the euphoric effects of propofol. In vivo GCaMP-based (AVV-hSyn-GCaMP6s) fiber photometry calcium imaging was used to monitor the real-time neuronal activity in VTA and LC area in rats exhibiting propofol-induced euphoric behaviors. Then DREADDs (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) modulation using rAAV-hSyn-hM4D(Gi)-EGFP was performed to confirm the neuronal substrate that mediates the euphoric effects of propofol. The score of hedonic facial responses was significantly increased in the 4 mg/kg group compared with that of the 0 mg/kg group. The locomotor activity in the propofol-paired compartment was significantly increased at the 4 mg/kg dose compared with that of the saline-paired group. When compared with the 0 mg/kg group, the place preference increased in the 4 mg/kg group. Administration of 4 mg/kg of propofol triggers reliable increases in GcaMP fluorescence. However, in the VTA GcaMP-expressing rats, administration of 4 mg/kg of propofol did not induce any change of GcaMP signals. The facial score and the place preference, which increased by 4 mg/kg propofol were abolished by chemogenetic inhibition of the neuronal activity in the LC area. Our results suggest that LC noradrenergic neurons, not VTA dopaminergic neurons, are directly involved in the hedonic effects of sub-anesthetic dose of propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - JunXiao Liu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - ChengXi Liu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Shen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Han S, Park J, Hong SH, Lim S, Park YH, Chae MS. Comparison of the impact of propofol versus sevoflurane on early postoperative recovery in living donors after laparoscopic donor nephrectomy: a prospective randomized controlled study. BMC Anesthesiol 2020; 20:273. [PMID: 33115408 PMCID: PMC7592560 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-020-01190-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Enhancing postoperative recovery of the donor is important to encourage living kidney donation. We investigated the effects of anesthetic agents (intravenous [IV] propofol versus inhaled [IH] sevoflurane) on the quality of early recovery of healthy living kidney donors after hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy (HALN) under analgesic intrathecal morphine injection. Methods This single-center, prospective randomized controlled study enrolled 80 living donors undergoing HALN from October 2019 to June 2020 at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital. Donors were randomly assigned to the IV propofol group or IH sevoflurane group. To measure the quality of recovery, we used the Korean version of the Quality of Recovery-40 questionnaire (QoR-40 K) on postoperative day (POD) 1, and ambulation (success rate, number of footsteps) 6–12 h after surgery and on POD 1. The pain score for the wound site, IV opioid requirement, postoperative complications including incidences of nausea/vomiting, and length of in-hospital stay were also assessed. Results The global QoR-40 K score and all subscale scores (physical comfort, emotional state, physical independence, psychological support, and pain) were significantly higher in the IV propofol group than in the IH sevoflurane group. The numbers of footsteps at all time points were also higher in the IV propofol group. Donors in the IV propofol group had a lower incidence of nausea/vomiting, and a shorter hospitalization period. Conclusions Total IV anesthesia with propofol led to better early postoperative recovery than that associated with IH sevoflurane. Trial registration Clinical Research Information Service, Republic of Korea (approval number: KCT0004351) on October 18, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangbin Han
- Department of Emergency medicine, Cheongyang Health Center County Hospital, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesik Park
- Department of anesthesiology and Pain medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Hong
- Department of anesthesiology and Pain medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Lim
- Department of anesthesiology and Pain medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Park
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Suk Chae
- Department of anesthesiology and Pain medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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The gastrointestinal endoscopy satisfaction questionnaire captures patient satisfaction as a key quality indicator of gastrointestinal endoscopy. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 32:832-837. [PMID: 32472814 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient satisfaction is a crucial indicator of gastrointestinal endoscopy quality. The gastrointestinal endoscopy satisfaction questionnaire (GESQ) was validated for the assessment of patient satisfaction undergoing endoscopy in English with good validity. We translated and validated the GESQ in Dutch. METHODS The original GESQ was translated in Dutch according to the WHO guidelines. First, an internal validation of the Dutch GESQ (D-GESQ) was established by the think-aloud method and subsequent expert panel analysis. Next, the D-GESQ was embedded in the computer-based education (CBE) program in our unit, with 30-day interval after endoscopy. Adult patients, informed via CBE after undergone endoscopy, were included. Exclusion criteria were conscious sedation, limited language skills, no e-mail address available, dementia and visual impairment. For statistical analysis, several psychometric analyses were performed to identify the underlying dimensions and assessed the questionnaire for reliability and validity. RESULTS In total, 227 of 1065 patients completed the D-GESQ, a response rate of 21.3%. Men comprised 52.6% (n = 129) of patients. Mean age was 62.7 ± 11.54 years. In total, 180 patients (79.3%) had previously undergone endoscopy, with 157 (87.2%) of them two or more times. The exploratory factor analysis showed the 21 questions could best be clustered into five clusters instead of four in the original GESQ. The D-GESQ had an overall Cronbach α of 0.88, confirming the high internal validity. CONCLUSION The Dutch version of the GESQ showed high internal validity and practicality. We recommend the D-GESQ for routine use in endoscopy practice to improve quality of patient care.
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Song JW, Soh S, Shim JK. Monitored Anesthesia Care for Cardiovascular Interventions. Korean Circ J 2019; 50:1-11. [PMID: 31642214 PMCID: PMC6923237 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2019.0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The interventional cardiology is growing and evolving. Many complex procedures are now performed outside the operating room to manage cardiovascular pathologies which had been traditionally treated with cardiac surgery. Appropriate sedation strategy is crucial for improved patient comfort and successful procedure while ensuring safety. Sedation for cardiovascular intervention is frequently challenging, especially in critically-ill, high-risk patients. This review addresses pre-procedure evaluation and preparation of patients, proper monitoring, commonly used sedatives and analgesics, and considerations for specific procedures. Appropriate depth of sedation and analgesia should be balanced with patient, procedural and institutional factors. Understanding of the pharmacology of sedatives/analgesics, vigilant monitoring, ability and proper preparation for management of potential complications may improve outcomes in patients undergoing sedation for cardiovascular procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Wook Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sarah Soh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Shim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Jo YY, Kwak HJ. Sedation Strategies for Procedures Outside the Operating Room. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:491-499. [PMID: 31124331 PMCID: PMC6536395 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.6.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures performed outside the operating room (OR), the need for appropriate sedation care has emerged in importance to ensure the safety and comfort of patients and clinicians. The preparation and administration of sedatives and sedation care outside the OR require careful attention, proper monitoring systems, and clinically useful sedation guidelines. This literature review addresses proper monitoring and selection of sedatives for diagnostic and interventional procedures outside the OR. As the depth of sedation increases, respiratory depression and cardiovascular suppression become serious, necessitating careful surveillance using appropriate monitoring equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Yi Jo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kwak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
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Maas A, Maier C, Iwersen-Bergmann S, Pilgrim JL, Di Rago M, Madea B, Hess C. Propofol and propofol glucuronide concentrations in hair following medical propofol administration and in forensic death cases. Forensic Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-017-0399-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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