Effects of School-Based Educational Program on Backpack Carrying Behavior in Teenage Students

Cultural appropriateness of interventions to prevent and reduce musculoskeletal disorders among students: a systematic review

This systematic review was conducted to identify the types of interventions and cultural appropriateness of intervention studies for preventing and reducing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in students. In this systematic review, articles were retrieved from scientific databases including PubMed, Sciencedirect, Web of Science, Scopus, SAGE journals, and Cochrane library using a search strategy. The types of interventions for preventing and reducing MSDs among students published in English up to 2022 were examined, with a comparison of studies in terms of the cultural appropriateness of strategies. Also, studies were categorised based on six intervention types: physical exercise, education, ergonomics, participatory ergonomics, stress management, and multicomponent. Out of the 29 studies included in this review, ten were randomised controlled trials, fifteen were controlled pre-test/post-test studies, and four were pre-test/post-test studies. The articles measured students' knowledge, beliefs, behaviour, good posture/performance, pain intensity decrease, and back care as outcomes. Only two articles were categorised as having moderate cultural adaptation. The results showed that any type of intervention was successful, and two studies were evaluated as having high quality. Our review found evidence of efficacy for interventions aimed at preventing and reducing MSDs in students.

Practitioner summary: Musculoskeletal disorders are common problems that affect students of all ages. To prevent these problems from getting worse or affecting students' future health, it is important to find effective ways to prevent and reduce musculoskeletal disorders in students.

Practical steps of intervention design for teenage students' musculoskeletal health: An intervention mapping approach

Background

According to the studies conducted, teen pregnancy and its related health issues are among the most significant issues. The purpose of the study was to develop a musculoskeletal health intervention training programme using an intervention mapping approach (IMA) for teenagers aged 12-14 years old.

Methods

The present study is a study protocol where IMA has been used as a planning framework for developing a musculoskeletal health intervention training programme. Six steps of the intervention mapping process have been completed in the study. As the first step, needs assessment has been performed through systematic review and qualitative evaluation. In the second step, a matrix of change objectives was designed. Later on, after designing the programme and planning its implementation, the programme evaluation plan was developed.

Results

IMA guided us in designing and implementing a control-oriented training programme with the participation of the participants, along with the definition of outcomes, performance goals, and determinants, theoretical methods, practical applications, an intervention programme, implementation, and step-by-step assessment.

Conclusion

Intervention mapping is a participation-based approach to designing and implementing promotion programmes.