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Okojie J, O’Neal N, Burr M, Worley P, Packer I, Anderson D, Davis J, Kearns B, Fatema K, Dixon K, Barrott JJ. DNA Quantity and Quality Comparisons between Cryopreserved and FFPE Tumors from Matched Pan-Cancer Samples. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:2441-2452. [PMID: 38785464 PMCID: PMC11119490 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31050183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Personalized cancer care requires molecular characterization of neoplasms. While the research community accepts frozen tissues as the gold standard analyte for molecular assays, the source of tissue for testing in clinical cancer care comes almost universally from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE). As newer technologies emerge for DNA characterization that requires higher molecular weight DNA, it was necessary to compare the quality of DNA in terms of DNA length between FFPE and cryopreserved samples. We hypothesized that cryopreserved samples would yield higher quantity and superior quality DNA compared to FFPE samples. We analyzed DNA metrics by performing a head-to-head comparison between FFPE and cryopreserved samples from 38 human tumors representing various cancer types. DNA quantity and purity were measured by UV spectrophotometry, and DNA from cryopreserved tissue demonstrated a 4.2-fold increase in DNA yield per mg of tissue (p-value < 0.001). DNA quality was measured on a fragment microelectrophoresis analyzer, and again, DNA from cryopreserved tissue demonstrated a 223% increase in the DNA quality number and a 9-fold increase in DNA fragments > 40,000 bp (p-value < 0.0001). DNA from the cryopreserved tissues was superior to the DNA from FFPE samples in terms of DNA yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Okojie
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (J.O.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.P.); (D.A.); (J.D.); (B.K.)
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA; (N.O.); (K.F.)
| | - Nikole O’Neal
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA; (N.O.); (K.F.)
| | - Mackenzie Burr
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (J.O.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.P.); (D.A.); (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Peyton Worley
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (J.O.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.P.); (D.A.); (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Isaac Packer
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (J.O.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.P.); (D.A.); (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - DeLaney Anderson
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (J.O.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.P.); (D.A.); (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Jack Davis
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (J.O.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.P.); (D.A.); (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Bridger Kearns
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (J.O.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.P.); (D.A.); (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Kaniz Fatema
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA; (N.O.); (K.F.)
| | - Ken Dixon
- Specicare, 690 Medical Park Ln, Gainesville, GA 30501, USA
| | - Jared J. Barrott
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (J.O.); (M.B.); (P.W.); (I.P.); (D.A.); (J.D.); (B.K.)
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA; (N.O.); (K.F.)
- Specicare, 690 Medical Park Ln, Gainesville, GA 30501, USA
- Simmons Center for Cancer Research, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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Villavicencio-Carrisoza O, Mora-Vargas CD, Flores-Villanueva J, Martínez-Salazar MG, Helguera-Repetto AC. Isolation of total DNA from Placenta Samples, both Fresh and following Formalin and Paraffin Treatment. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2781:171-178. [PMID: 38502453 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3746-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The isolation of DNA from placental tissue suspected of infection is an important tool for identifying microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses associated with complications during and after pregnancy. While experts primarily process placental tissue, the preservation methods employed pose challenges to extracting complete DNA. Therefore, selecting the appropriate protocol is paramount to achieving greater efficiency in obtaining genetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Villavicencio-Carrisoza
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Daniel Mora-Vargas
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janet Flores-Villanueva
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Addy Cecilia Helguera-Repetto
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Dhibika M, Madhusudhan NS, Malini A, Natarajan M. Comparison of Manual and Automated Nucleic Acid (RNA) Extraction Methods for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by qRT-PCR. Cureus 2023; 15:e36773. [PMID: 37123735 PMCID: PMC10133768 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives During the COVID-19 pandemic, several laboratories used different RNA extraction methods based on the resources available. Hence this study was done to compare the Ct values in qRT-PCR, time taken (sample processing-loading to PCR), manpower requirement, and cost of consumables between manual and automated methods. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was done on 120 nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs received in VRDL for RT-PCR testing. Based on the results of automated RNA extraction (Genetix, HT 96 Purifier) and RT-PCR (Trivitron PCR Kit) detecting E gene (screening) and ORF gene (confirmatory), the division into Group- I (Ct 15-22), Group- II (Ct 23-29), Group-III (Ct 30-36) and Group-IV (Ct >36) was done. Manual RNA extraction was done using magnetic beads (Lab system, Trivitron). Statistical analysis Data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 version software. Ct values obtained in the two methods were compared by paired t-test, GroupWise. Z test was used to compare the other parameters. Results The difference in Ct values for target genes was statistically significant (p<0.05) in Group-I to III; however, no variation in result interpretation. The difference in time, manpower, and cost were statistically significant (p<0.05). The manual method required twice more manpower; 40 minutes more time & automated method cost 3.5 times more for consumables. Conclusion The study showed that RNA yield was better with automated extraction in comparison to manual extraction. The samples extracted by the automated method detected the virus at a lower Ct range by PCR than the manual method. Automated method processed samples in less time and with less manpower. Considering the cost factor, manual extraction can be preferred in resource-limited settings as there was no difference in the results of the test. The manual method requires more hands-on time with potential chances of cross-contamination and technical errors.
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Griffin CP, Paul CL, Alexander KL, Walker MM, Hondermarck H, Lynam J. Postmortem brain donations vs premortem surgical resections for glioblastoma research: viewing the matter as a whole. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdab168. [PMID: 35047819 PMCID: PMC8760897 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been limited improvements in diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of primary brain cancers, including glioblastoma, over the past 10 years. This is largely attributable to persistent deficits in understanding brain tumor biology and pathogenesis due to a lack of high-quality biological research specimens. Traditional, premortem, surgical biopsy samples do not allow full characterization of the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of glioblastoma, nor capture end-stage disease to allow full evaluation of the evolutionary and mutational processes that lead to treatment resistance and recurrence. Furthermore, the necessity of ensuring sufficient viable tissue is available for histopathological diagnosis, while minimizing surgically induced functional deficit, leaves minimal tissue for research purposes and results in formalin fixation of most surgical specimens. Postmortem brain donation programs are rapidly gaining support due to their unique ability to address the limitations associated with surgical tissue sampling. Collecting, processing, and preserving tissue samples intended solely for research provides both a spatial and temporal view of tumor heterogeneity as well as the opportunity to fully characterize end-stage disease from histological and molecular standpoints. This review explores the limitations of traditional sample collection and the opportunities afforded by postmortem brain donations for future neurobiological cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra P Griffin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Cancer Biobank: NSW Regional Biospecimen and Research Services, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christine L Paul
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kimberley L Alexander
- Neurosurgery Department, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Brainstorm Brain Cancer Research, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuropathology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marjorie M Walker
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Lynam
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Effects of Automation on Sustainability of Immunohistochemistry Laboratory. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9070866. [PMID: 34356244 PMCID: PMC8304755 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9070866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic that hit the world recently caused numerous changes affecting the health system in every department. Reduced staff numbers, mostly due to illness, led to an increase in automation at every stage of laboratory work. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) laboratory conducts a high volume of slide staining every day. Therefore, we analyzed time and total costs required to obtain IHC slides in both the manual and automated way, comparing their efficiency by processing the same sample volume (48 microscope slides—the maximum capacity that an automated immunostainer—DAKO, Autostainer Link 48, Part No AS48030—can process over a single cycle). The total IHC procedure time to run 48 slides manually by one technician was 460 min, while the automated process finished a cycle within 390 min (15.22% less time). The final cost of a single manual IHC slide was 12.26 EUR and 7.69 EUR for slides labeled in the automated immunostainer, which reduced final costs by 37.27%. Thus, automation of the IHC procedure reduces the time and costs of the IHC process, contributing significantly to the sustainability of the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic, overcoming insufficient human resources.
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Ueda S, Yamashita S, Watanabe SI, Wakabayashi M, Motoi N, Noguchi M, Sekine S, Sato Y, Ushijima T. Influence of degree of DNA degradation in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples on accuracy of genome-wide DNA methylation analysis. Epigenomics 2021; 13:565-576. [PMID: 33820444 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Depending upon the degree of DNA degradation of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples, accuracy of measurement by Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip assay (Illumina, CA, USA) was assessed. Materials & methods: DNA quality of six formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded lung tissue samples with different formalin fixation periods was assessed by Illumina quality control, DNA copy number and DNA integrity number value. Infinium data from restored bisulfite treated DNA were compared with datum from a fresh-frozen sample. Results: The correlation coefficient decreased from 0.993 to 0.970 depending upon DNA degradation, even if the Illumina quality control was met. Exclusion of specific probes improved the correlation regardless of tissue. Conclusion: Poor DNA quality can be assessed as an amplifiable DNA copy number and DNA integrity number value. Probe filtering has the potential to improve assay accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Ueda
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104 0045, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 8575, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 8575, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamashita
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104 0045, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Watanabe
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104 0045, Japan
| | - Mika Wakabayashi
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104 0045, Japan
| | - Noriko Motoi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104 0045, Japan
| | - Masayuki Noguchi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 8575, Japan
| | - Shigeki Sekine
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104 0045, Japan
| | - Yukio Sato
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 8575, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Ushijima
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104 0045, Japan
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Gao XH, Li J, Gong HF, Yu GY, Liu P, Hao LQ, Liu LJ, Bai CG, Zhang W. Comparison of Fresh Frozen Tissue With Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue for Mutation Analysis Using a Multi-Gene Panel in Patients With Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:310. [PMID: 32232001 PMCID: PMC7083147 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Next generation sequencing (NGS)-based multi-gene panel tests have been performed to predict the treatment response and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Whether the multi-gene mutation results of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are identical to those of fresh frozen tissues remains unknown. Methods: A 22-gene panel with 103 hotspots was used to detect mutations in paired fresh frozen tissue and FFPE tissue from 118 patients with CRC. Results: In our study, 117 patients (99.2%) had one or more variants, with 226 variants in FFPE tissue and 221 in fresh frozen tissue. Of the 129 variants identified in this study, 96 variants were present in both FFPE and fresh frozen tissues; 27 variants were found in FFPE tissues only; 6 variants were found only in fresh frozen tissues. The mutation results demonstrated >94.0% concordance in all variants, with Kappa coefficient >0.500 in 64.3% (83/129) of variants. At the gene level, concordance ranged from 73.8 to 100.0%, with Kappa coefficient >0.500 in 81.3% (13/16) of genes. Conclusions: The results of mutation analysis performed with a multi-gene panel and FFPE and fresh frozen tissue were highly concordant in patients with CRC, at both the variant and gene levels. There were, however, some important differences in mutation results between the two tissue types. Therefore, fresh frozen tissue should not routinely be replaced with FFPE tissue for mutation analysis with a multi-gene panel. Rather, FFPE tissue is a reasonable alternative for fresh frozen tissue when the latter is unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Hua Gao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Feng Gong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guan Yu Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Qiang Hao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian Jie Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Guang Bai
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Kovacs Z, Jung I, Csernak E, Szentirmay Z, Banias L, Rigmanyi G, Gurzu S. DNA extraction from paraffin embedded colorectal carcinoma samples: A comparison study of manual vs automated methods, using four commercially kits. World J Clin Oncol 2019; 10:307-317. [PMID: 31572667 PMCID: PMC6766462 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v10.i9.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleic acid isolation from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET) samples is a daily routine in molecular pathology laboratories, but extraction from FFPET is not always easily achieved. Choosing the right extraction technique is key for further examinations.
AIM To compare the performance of four commercially available kits used for DNA extraction in routine practice.
METHODS DNA isolation was performed on 46 randomly selected formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) surgical specimens. Four commercially available extraction kits were used: two for manual DNA extraction (the PureLink Genomic DNA Mini Kit from Invitrogen and the High Pure FFPE DNA Isolation Kit from Roche) and two for automated DNA extraction (the iPrep Genomic DNA Kit from Invitrogen and the MagnaPure LC DNA Isolation Kit from Roche). The DNA concentration and quality (odds ratio) among the four systems were compared. The results were correlated with the clinicopathological aspects of CRC cases: age, gender, localization, macro- and microscopic features, lymph node metastases, and the lymph node ratio.
RESULTS The highest DNA concentration was obtained using the manual kits: 157.24 ± 62.99 ng/µL for the PureLink Genomic DNA Mini Kit and 86.64 ng/µL ± 43.84 for the High Pure FFPE DNA Isolation Kit (P < 0.0001). Lower concentrations were obtained with automated systems: 20.39 ± 21.19 ng/µL for the MagnaPure LC DNA Isolation Kit and 8.722 ± 6.408 ng/µL for the iPrep Genomic DNA Kit, with differences between the systems used (P < 0.0001). The comparison between age, gender, tumor localization, pT or pN stage and the lymph node ratio indicated no statistically significant difference in DNA concentration using any of the nucleic acid isolation kits. DNA concentration was influenced by the macroscopic features and grade of differentiation. A higher DNA concentration was obtained for well-differentiated polypoid colorectal adenocarcinomas (CRCs), compared with undifferentiated ulcero-infiltrative carcinomas, irrespective of the kit used.
CONCLUSION For research or diagnosis that needs high DNA concentrations, manual methods of DNA isolation should be used. A higher amount of DNA can be obtained from polypoid-type differentiated CRCs. Automated systems confer comfort and a lower amount of DNA that is, however, sufficient for classic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR molecular examinations. All four commercially available kits can be successfully used in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Kovacs
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu-Mures 530149, Romania
| | - Ioan Jung
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu-Mures 530149, Romania
| | | | | | - Laura Banias
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu-Mures 530149, Romania
| | - Genoveva Rigmanyi
- Research Center (CCAMF), University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu-Mures 540139, Romania
| | - Simona Gurzu
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu-Mures 530149, Romania
- Research Center (CCAMF), University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu-Mures 540139, Romania
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Moghazy TF, ElAttar HA, Eldeeb MK, Rashad RM, Farouk AM, Farag AM. Methylation of Glutathione-S-Transferase P1 Promotor in Egyptian Females with Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:2523-2530. [PMID: 31450928 PMCID: PMC6852835 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.8.2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer after the lung cancer worldwide and number one killing cancer in Egyptian females . It is a multifactorial disease driven by different environmental, hormonal, genetic and epigenetic factors. Epigenetic alterations have been studied in cancer breast. Role of GSTP1 promotor methylation in breast cancer has been studied in different ethnic groups. Objectives: Current study aimed at studying the methylation status of the promotor region of glutathione-S-transferase P1 in breast ductal carcinoma of a cohort group of Egyptian females and its correlations with histopathological and prognostic parameters. Methods: Control group included 15 fresh normal breast tissues taken from BC female patients after leaving a clearly defined safety margin and a Patient group included confirmed 35 fresh breast ductal carcinoma tissue biopsies taken from female patients postoperatively. To all patients clinical examination, radiological examination (plain X-ray chest and or CT scan, ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis were done), in addition to histopathological examination, typing, grading and staging of tumour, hormonal receptors status and molecular typing of breast mass. GSTP1 methylation status was evaluated using methyl specific polymerase chain reaction. Results: Statistical significant increase was found in methylation status of GSTP1 promotor gene in BC cases than that in control group, (60% of patients samples had methylated GSTP1 promotor vs only 6.7% of controls) (p= >0.001). No association was found between GSTP1 promotor methylation status and the poor prognostic factors neither with hormonal profile nor molecular type. However, GSTP1 promotor methylation were two times higher in postmenopausal than premenopausal cases and three times higher in late grade (III). Also GSTP1 promotor methylation was 2.4 times higher in Her2 positive cases than either ER or PR positive cases. Conclusion: Glutathione-S-Transferase P1 Promotor methylation plays a role in breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaa Fathy Moghazy
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Hoda Aly ElAttar
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Mona Kamal Eldeeb
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Radwa Mohammed Rashad
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Ayman Mohamed Farouk
- Department of Clinical and Rxperimental Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Assmaa Mostafa Farag
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.
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Brassard D, Geissler M, Descarreaux M, Tremblay D, Daoud J, Clime L, Mounier M, Charlebois D, Veres T. Extraction of nucleic acids from blood: unveiling the potential of active pneumatic pumping in centrifugal microfluidics for integration and automation of sample preparation processes. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1941-1952. [PMID: 30997461 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00276f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the development of an on-chip nucleic acid (NA) extraction assay from whole blood using a centrifugal microfluidic platform that allows for pneumatic actuation of liquids during rotation. The combination of pneumatic and centrifugal forces makes it possible to perform fluidic operations without the need for integrating active control elements on the microfluidic cartridge. The cartridge is fabricated from thermoplastic polymers (e.g., Zeonor 1060R) and features a simple design that is compatible with injection molding. In addition, the cartridge is interfaced with two external vials for off-chip storage of the blood sample and retrieval of the eluted NA solution, respectively. On-chip capture of NAs is performed using an embedded solid-phase extraction matrix composed of commercial glass microfiber filters (Whatman GF/D and GF/F). The yield of the automated, on-chip extraction protocol, determined by measuring absorbance at 260 nm, is comparable to some of the best manually operated kits (e.g., Qiagen QIAamp DNA Mini Kit) while providing low assay-to-assay variability due to the high level of control provided by the platform for each processing step. The A260/A280 and A260/A230 ratios of the absorbance spectra also reveal that protein contamination of the sample is negligible. The capability of the pneumatic platform to circulate air flux through the microfluidic conduit was used to dry leftover ethanol residues retained in the capture matrix during washing. This method, applied in combination with localized heating, proved effective for reducing ethanol contamination in eluted samples from ∼12% to 1% (v/v).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Brassard
- National Research Council of Canada, Life Sciences Division, 75 de Mortagne Boulevard, Boucherville, QC J4B 6Y4, Canada.
| | - Matthias Geissler
- National Research Council of Canada, Life Sciences Division, 75 de Mortagne Boulevard, Boucherville, QC J4B 6Y4, Canada.
| | - Marianne Descarreaux
- National Research Council of Canada, Life Sciences Division, 75 de Mortagne Boulevard, Boucherville, QC J4B 6Y4, Canada. and Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 de l'Université Boulevard, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada and Canadian Space Agency, 6767 Route de l'Aéroport, Saint-Hubert, QC J3Y 8Y9, Canada
| | - Dominic Tremblay
- National Research Council of Canada, Life Sciences Division, 75 de Mortagne Boulevard, Boucherville, QC J4B 6Y4, Canada. and Canadian Space Agency, 6767 Route de l'Aéroport, Saint-Hubert, QC J3Y 8Y9, Canada and Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke and Department of Medicine, Centre de recherche clinique, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jamal Daoud
- National Research Council of Canada, Life Sciences Division, 75 de Mortagne Boulevard, Boucherville, QC J4B 6Y4, Canada.
| | - Liviu Clime
- National Research Council of Canada, Life Sciences Division, 75 de Mortagne Boulevard, Boucherville, QC J4B 6Y4, Canada.
| | - Maxence Mounier
- National Research Council of Canada, Life Sciences Division, 75 de Mortagne Boulevard, Boucherville, QC J4B 6Y4, Canada.
| | - Denis Charlebois
- Canadian Space Agency, 6767 Route de l'Aéroport, Saint-Hubert, QC J3Y 8Y9, Canada
| | - Teodor Veres
- National Research Council of Canada, Life Sciences Division, 75 de Mortagne Boulevard, Boucherville, QC J4B 6Y4, Canada. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
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11
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Zhang XH, Wang W, Wang YQ, Jia DF, Zhu L. Human papillomavirus infection and colorectal cancer in the Chinese population: a meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis 2018; 20:961-969. [PMID: 30199598 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been reported in colorectal cancer in many studies. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between HPV infection and colorectal cancer/adenomas in the Chinese population. METHOD Relevant studies up to January 2018 were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and the Wanfang database. We used a random effects model to determine the prevalence of HPV and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The I2 statistic and P-value from the Cochrane Q-test were used to describe the heterogeneity. RESULTS Ten case-control studies involving 766 colorectal cancer patients and 470 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Among the colorectal cancer patients, the pooled prevalence was 0.45 (95% CI 0.36-0.53). The pooled estimate for OR was 10.78 (95% CI 4.22, 27.53). Among the 193 patients with colorectal adenoma, the pooled prevalence and OR were 0.31 (95% CI 0.24-0.37) and 2.03 (95% CI 0.79, 5.26), respectively. The prevalence of HPV 16 and HPV 18 among HPV-positive cancers ranged from 57.9% to 100% and 0% to 39.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION The results indicated that HPV infection, especially HPV 16 and HPV 18, is associated with colorectal cancer in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-H Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - W Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Y-Q Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - D-F Jia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - L Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
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12
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Agrawal L, Engel KB, Greytak SR, Moore HM. Understanding preanalytical variables and their effects on clinical biomarkers of oncology and immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 52:26-38. [PMID: 29258857 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Identifying a suitable course of immunotherapy treatment for a given patient as well as monitoring treatment response is heavily reliant on biomarkers detected and quantified in blood and tissue biospecimens. Suboptimal or variable biospecimen collection, processing, and storage practices have the potential to alter clinically relevant biomarkers, including those used in cancer immunotherapy. In the present review, we summarize effects reported for immunologically relevant biomarkers and highlight preanalytical factors associated with specific analytical platforms and assays used to predict and gauge immunotherapy response. Given that many of the effects introduced by preanalytical variability are gene-, transcript-, and protein-specific, biospecimen practices should be standardized and validated for each biomarker and assay to ensure accurate results and facilitate clinical implementation of newly identified immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Agrawal
- Biorepositories and Biospecimen Research Branch (BBRB), Cancer Diagnosis Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Helen M Moore
- Biorepositories and Biospecimen Research Branch (BBRB), Cancer Diagnosis Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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13
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Yin B, Liu W, Yu P, Liu C, Chen Y, Duan X, Liao Z, Chen Y, Wang X, Pan X, Tao Z. Association between human papillomavirus and prostate cancer: A meta-analysis. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1855-1865. [PMID: 28789421 PMCID: PMC5529902 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have suggested an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa). However, the association between HPV infection and the risk of PCa remains unclear. The aim of the present meta-analysis study was to investigate whether HPV serves a role in increasing the risk of PCa. Relevant previous studies up to May 2015 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Wan Fang database and China Biomedical Literature Database. A random-effects model or fixed-effects model was employed to determine odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), when appropriate. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Q and I2 statistical analysis. A total of 24 case-control studies involving 971 patients and 1,085 controls were investigated to estimate the association between HPV infection and PCa risk. The pooled estimate for OR was 2.27 (95% CI, 1.40-3.69). Stratified pooled analyses were subsequently performed according to the HPV detection methods, geographical regions, publication years and types of tissue. Sensitivity analysis based on various exclusion criteria maintained the significance with respect to PCa individually. Little evidence of publication bias was observed. The meta-analysis suggested that HPV infection is associated with increasing risk of PCa, which indicated a potential pathogenetic link between HPV and PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Pan Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhi Duan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoping Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yuhua Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Xuchu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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14
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Influence of mucinous and necrotic tissue in colorectal cancer samples on KRAS mutation analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:606-611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Liu Y, Zhou Q, Zhou D, Huang C, Meng X, Li J. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2-mediated cancer events: Friend or foe? Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:403-408. [PMID: 28273499 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP)2, an identified member of the SFRPs family of molecules, is often methylated in human cancers and its down-regulation is closely related to Wnt signaling activity and tumor progression. Although the blocker of the Wnt signaling has not been fully used in clinical trial, interest has been further enhanced by the realization of SFRPs' potential as targets to modulate Wnt signaling and cancer cell growth. Emerging evidence showed that SFRP2 was an anti-oncogene, however, a steady flow of research has indicated that it may also have tumor promotion effects in some cancer types. Furthermore, SFRP2 methylation was shown to accelerate cancer cell invasion and growth in tumor progression. In this review, we define recent understanding of the diverse roles of SFRP2 in tumorigenesis, and it might promote the development of novel drugs for curing cancer by targeting SFRP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Dexi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaoming Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei 230032, China.
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Bisulfite-Based DNA Methylation Analysis from Recent and Archived Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin Embedded Colorectal Tissue Samples. Pathol Oncol Res 2015; 21:1149-56. [PMID: 25991403 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9945-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to test the applicability of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples for gene specific DNA methylation analysis after using two commercially available DNA isolation kits. Genomic DNA was isolated from 5 colorectal adenocarcinomas and 5 normal adjacent tissues from "recent", collected within 6 months, and "archived", collected more than 5 years ago, FFPE tissues using either High Pure FFPET DNA Isolation kit or QIAamp DNA FFPE Tissue kit. DNA methylation analysis of MAL, SFRP1 and SFRP2 genes, known to be hypermethylated in CRC, was performed using methylation-sensitive high resolution melting (MS-HRM) analysis and sequencing. QIAamp (Q) method resulted in slightly higher recovery in archived (HP: 1.22 ± 3.18 μg DNA; Q: 3.00 ± 4.04 μg DNA) and significantly (p < 0.05) higher recovery in recent samples compared to High Pure method (HP) (HP: 4.10 ± 2.91 μg DNA; Q: 11.51 ± 7.50 μg DNA). Both OD260/280 and OD260/230 ratios were lower, but still high in the High Pure isolated archived and recent samples compared to those isolated with QIAamp. Identical DNA methylation patterns were detected for all 3 genes tested by MS-HRM with both isolation kits in the recent group. However, despite of higher DNA recovery in QIAamp slightly more reproducible methylation results were obtained from High Pure isolated archived samples. Sequencing confirmed DNA hypermethylation in CRCs. In conclusion, reproducible DNA methylation patterns were obtained from recent samples using both isolation kits. However, long term storage may affect the reliability of the results leading to moderate differences between the efficiency of isolation kits.
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