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Shah S, Ghosh D, Otsuka T, Laurencin CT. Classes of Stem Cells: From Biology to Engineering. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2024; 10:309-322. [PMID: 39387056 PMCID: PMC11463971 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-023-00317-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Purpose The majority of adult tissues are limited in self-repair and regeneration due to their poor intrinsic regenerative capacity. It is widely recognized that stem cells are present in almost all adult tissues, but the natural regeneration in adult mammals is not sufficient to recover function after injury or disease. Historically, 3 classes of stem cells have been defined: embryonic stem cells (ESCs), adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Here, we have defined a fourth fully engineered class: the synthetic artificial stem cell (SASC). This review aims to discuss the applications of these stem cell classes in musculoskeletal regenerative engineering. Method We screened articles in PubMed and bibliographic search using a combination of keywords. Relevant and high-cited articles were chosen for inclusion in this narrative review. Results In this review, we discuss the different classes of stem cells that are biologically derived (ESCs and MSCs) or semi-engineered/engineered (iPSCs, SASC). We also discuss the applications of these stem cell classes in musculoskeletal regenerative engineering. We further summarize the advantages and disadvantages of using each of the classes and how they impact the clinical translation of these therapies. Conclusion Each class of stem cells has advantages and disadvantages in preclinical and clinical settings. We also propose the engineered SASC class as a potentially disease-modifying therapy that harnesses the paracrine action of biologically derived stem cells to mimic regenerative potential. Lay Summary The majority of adult tissues are limited in self-repair and regeneration, even though stem cells are present in almost all adult tissues. Historically, 3 classes of stem cells have been defined: embryonic stem cells (ESCs), adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Here, we have defined a fourth, fully engineered class: the synthetic artificial stem cell (SASC). In this review, we discuss the applications of each of these stem cell classes in musculoskeletal regenerative engineering. We further summarize the advantages and disadvantages of using each of these classes and how they impact the clinical translation of these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Shah
- The Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-3711, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Debolina Ghosh
- The Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-3711, USA
| | - Takayoshi Otsuka
- The Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-3711, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Cato T. Laurencin
- The Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-3711, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Arpornmaeklong P, Boonyuen S, Apinyauppatham K, Pripatnanont P. Effects of Oral Cavity Stem Cell Sources and Serum-Free Cell Culture on Hydrogel Encapsulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration: An In Vitro Investigation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:59. [PMID: 38247936 PMCID: PMC10812978 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To develop a stem cell delivery model and improve the safety of stem cell transplantation for bone regeneration, this study aimed to determine the effects of stem cell sources, serum-free cell culture, and hydrogel cell encapsulation on the growth and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the oral cavity. METHODS The study groups were categorized according to stem cell sources into buccal fat pad adipose (hBFP-ADSCs) (Groups 1, 4, and 7), periodontal ligament (hPDLSCs) (Groups 2, 5, and 8), and dental pulp-derived stem cells (hDPSCs) (Groups 3, 6, and 9). MSCs from each source were isolated and expanded in three types of sera: fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Groups 1-3), human serum (HS) (Groups 4-6), and synthetic serum (SS) (StemPro™ MSC SFM) (Groups 7-9) for monolayer (m) and hydrogel cell encapsulation cultures (e). Following this, the morphology, expression of MSC cell surface antigens, growth, and osteogenic differentiation potential of the MSCs, and the expression of adhesion molecules were analyzed and compared. RESULTS SS decreased variations in the morphology and expression levels of cell surface antigens of MSCs from three cell sources (Groups 7m-9m). The levels of osteoblastic differentiation of the hPDLSCs and hBFP-ADSCs were increased in SS (Groups 8m and 7m) and the cell encapsulation model (Groups 1e, 4e, 7e-9e), but the promoting effects of SS were decreased in a cell encapsulation model (Groups 7e-9e). The expression levels of the alpha v beta 3 (ITG-αVβ3) and beta 1 (ITG-β1) integrins in the encapsulated cells in FBS (Group 1e) were higher than those in the SS (Group 7e). CONCLUSIONS Human PDLSCs and BFP-ADSCs were the optimum stem cell source for stem cell encapsulation by using nanohydroxyapatite-calcium carbonate microcapsule-chitosan/collagen hydrogel in serum-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premjit Arpornmaeklong
- Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University-Rangsit Campus, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand;
| | - Supakorn Boonyuen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University-Rangsit Campus, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand;
| | - Komsan Apinyauppatham
- Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University-Rangsit Campus, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand;
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Farhana S, Kai YC, Kadir R, Sulaiman WAW, Nordin NA, Nasir NAM. The fate of adipose tissue and adipose-derived stem cells in allograft. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 394:269-292. [PMID: 37624425 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03827-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing adipose tissue and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) turned into a promising field of allograft in recent years. The therapeutic potential of adipose tissue and ADSCs is governed by their molecular secretions, ability to sustain multi-differentiation and self-renewal which are pivotal in reconstructive, genetic diseases, and cosmetic goals. However, revisiting the existing functional capacity of adipose tissue and ADSCs and their intricate relationship with allograft is crucial to figure out the remarkable question of safety to use in allograft due to the growing evidence of interactions between tumor microenvironment and ADSCs. For instance, the molecular secretions of adipose tissue and ADSCs induce angiogenesis, create growth factors, and control the inflammatory response; it has now been well determined. Though the existing preclinical allograft studies gave positive feedback, ADSCs and adipose tissue are attracted by some factors of tumor stroma. Moreover, allorecognition is pivotal to allograft rejection which is carried out by costimulation in a complement-dependent way and leads to the destruction of the donor cells. However, extensive preclinical trials of adipose tissue and ADSCs in allograft at molecular level are still limited. Hence, comprehensive immunomodulatory analysis could ensure the successful allograft of adipose tissue and ADSCs avoiding the oncological risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Farhana
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yew Chun Kai
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ramlah Kadir
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Azman Wan Sulaiman
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nor Asyikin Nordin
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Azida Mohd Nasir
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Labusca L. Adipose tissue in bone regeneration - stem cell source and beyond. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:372-392. [PMID: 35949397 PMCID: PMC9244952 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i6.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is recognized as a complex organ involved in major home-ostatic body functions, such as food intake, energy balance, immunomodulation, development and growth, and functioning of the reproductive organs. The role of AT in tissue and organ homeostasis, repair and regeneration is increasingly recognized. Different AT compartments (white AT, brown AT and bone marrow AT) and their interrelation with bone metabolism will be presented. AT-derived stem cell populations - adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and pluripotent-like stem cells. Multilineage differentiating stress-enduring and dedifferentiated fat cells can be obtained in relatively high quantities compared to other sources. Their role in different strategies of bone and fracture healing tissue engineering and cell therapy will be described. The current use of AT- or AT-derived stem cell populations for fracture healing and bone regenerative strategies will be presented, as well as major challenges in furthering bone regenerative strategies to clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminita Labusca
- Magnetic Materials and Sensors, National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi 700050, Romania
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, County Emergency Hospital Saint Spiridon Iasi, Iasi 700050, Romania
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Gu C, Feng J, Waqas A, Deng Y, Zhang Y, Chen W, Long J, Huang S, Chen L. Technological Advances of 3D Scaffold-Based Stem Cell/Exosome Therapy in Tissues and Organs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:709204. [PMID: 34568322 PMCID: PMC8458970 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.709204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, biomaterial scaffolds have been widely applied in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Due to different production methods, unique types of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds can be fabricated to meet the structural characteristics of tissues and organs, and provide suitable 3D microenvironments. The therapeutic effects of stem cell (SC) therapy in tissues and organs are considerable and have attracted the attention of academic researchers worldwide. However, due to the limitations and challenges of SC therapy, exosome therapy can be used for basic research and clinical translation. The review briefly introduces the materials (nature or polymer), shapes (hydrogels, particles and porous solids) and fabrication methods (crosslinking or bioprinting) of 3D scaffolds, and describes the recent progress in SC/exosome therapy with 3D scaffolds over the past 5 years (2016-2020). Normal SC/exosome therapy can improve the structure and function of diseased and damaged tissues and organs. In addition, 3D scaffold-based SC/exosome therapy can significantly improve the structure and function cardiac and neural tissues for the treatment of various refractory diseases. Besides, exosome therapy has the same therapeutic effects as SC therapy but without the disadvantages. Hence, 3D scaffold therapy provides an alternative strategy for treatment of refractory and incurable diseases and has entered a transformation period from basic research into clinical translation as a viable therapeutic option in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ahmed Waqas
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yushu Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanghao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninth People Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Evaluation of the Efficacy of Stem Cell Therapy in Ovariectomized Osteoporotic Rats Based on Micro-CT and Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:1439563. [PMID: 34434235 PMCID: PMC8380498 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1439563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteoporosis is an abnormal bone metabolism disease characterized by microstructural degeneration of bone tissue and reduction in bone mass, resulting in increased brittleness of bone tissue and susceptibility to fracture. Due to the tissue regenerative potential of stem cell transplantation, it is now used in the treatment of various disease models such as osteoporosis. The purpose of this work is to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of stem cell therapy in ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporotic rats. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang Databases were used to search for articles that met the inclusion criteria. Two researchers independently screened the articles that met the inclusion criteria. RevMan 5.3 and STATA 16.0 were used for data analysis. This meta-analysis was registered at INPLASY with reference number ID: INPLASY202150017. Results Thirteen eligible studies were selected, including 405 rats. The sources of stem cells are divided into four main categories: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells (AM-MSCs), and human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs). Compared with the OVX group, both stem cell transplantation groups had higher bone mineral density (BMD) (BMSCs: SMD = 2.01, 95% CI: [1.38, 2.63], P < 0.001, I2 = 76.6%; ADSCs: SMD = 2.24, 95% CI: [0.79, 3.69], P = 0.003, I2 = 86.7%) and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) (hUCB-MSCs: SMD = 1.71, 95% CI: [0.97, 2.44], P < 0.001, I2 = 0%; ADSCs: SMD = 2.16, 95% CI: [0.27, 4.04], P = 0.025, I2 = 82.6%). In the BMSC treatment groups, the trabecular numbers (Tb.N) (SMD = 4.28, 95% CI: [0.91, 7.64], P = 0.013, I2 = 94.9%) were significantly higher, whereas the results for trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) (SMD = 2.7, 95% CI: [-0.34, 5.73], P = 0.081, I2 = 95.4%) and trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp) (SMD = −3.08, 95% CI: [-6.55, 0.38], P = 0.081, I2 = 96.3%) were not statistically significant compared to those of the OVX group. The stem cell transplantation group had a low BMD, BV/TV, and Tb.N compared to the sham operation group. Conclusion Stem cell therapy may increase bone strength, bone volume, and the number of trabeculae in OVX osteoporotic rats. The results of this meta-analysis showed the potential therapeutic effect of stem cell transplantation in OVX osteoporotic rats, bringing new therapeutic ideas and directions to the clinical treatment of osteoporosis. Due to the limited number and quality of studies related to some outcomes, more high-quality RCTs are still needed in the future to complement the existing findings.
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Jiang Y, Zhang P, Zhang X, Lv L, Zhou Y. Advances in mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for the treatment of osteoporosis. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e12956. [PMID: 33210341 PMCID: PMC7791182 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease with characteristics of bone loss and microstructural degeneration. The personal and societal costs of osteoporosis are increasing year by year as the ageing of population, posing challenges to public health care. Homing disorders, impaired capability of osteogenic differentiation, senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), an imbalanced microenvironment, and disordered immunoregulation play important roles during the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The MSC transplantation promises to increase osteoblast differentiation and block osteoclast activation, and to rebalance bone formation and resorption. Preclinical investigations on MSC transplantation in the osteoporosis treatment provide evidences of enhancing osteogenic differentiation, increasing bone mineral density, and halting the deterioration of osteoporosis. Meanwhile, the latest techniques, such as gene modification, targeted modification and co-transplantation, are promising approaches to enhance the therapeutic effect and efficacy of MSCs. In addition, clinical trials of MSC therapy to treat osteoporosis are underway, which will fill the gap of clinical data. Although MSCs tend to be effective to treat osteoporosis, the urgent issues of safety, transplant efficiency and standardization of the manufacturing process have to be settled. Moreover, a comprehensive evaluation of clinical trials, including safety and efficacy, is still needed as an important basis for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Jiang
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseaseBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingP.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseaseBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingP.R. China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseaseBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingP.R. China
| | - Longwei Lv
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseaseBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingP.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseaseBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingP.R. China
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Arjmand B, Sarvari M, Alavi-Moghadam S, Payab M, Goodarzi P, Gilany K, Mehrdad N, Larijani B. Prospect of Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine in Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:430. [PMID: 32719657 PMCID: PMC7347755 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of cell therapy and regenerative medicine can hold the promise of restoring normal tissues structure and function. Additionally, the main targets of stem cell-based therapies are chronic diseases and lifelong disabilities without definite cures such as osteoporosis. Osteoporosis as one of the important causes of morbidity in older men and post-menopausal women is characterized by reduced bone quantity or skeletal tissue atrophy that leads to an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. The common therapeutic methods for osteoporosis only can prevent the loss of bone mass and recover the bone partially. Nevertheless, stem cell-based therapy is considered as a new approach to regenerate the bone tissue. Herein, mesenchymal stem cells as pivotal candidates for regenerative medicine purposes especially bone regeneration are the most common type of cells with anti-inflammatory, immune-privileged potential, and less ethical concerns than other types of stem cells which are investigated in osteoporosis. Based on several findings, the mesenchymal stem cells effectiveness near to a great extent depends on their secretory function. Indeed, they can be involved in the establishment of normal bone remodeling via initiation of specific molecular signaling pathways. Accordingly, the aim herein was to review the effects of stem cell-based therapies in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sarvari
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Alavi-Moghadam
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moloud Payab
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Goodarzi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Gilany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACER), Tehran, Iran
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACER), Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Mehrdad
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Torres-Torrillas M, Rubio M, Damia E, Cuervo B, Del Romero A, Peláez P, Chicharro D, Miguel L, Sopena JJ. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Promising Tool in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123105. [PMID: 31242644 PMCID: PMC6627452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is one of the most common medical complaints worldwide and musculoskeletal injuries have an enormous social and economical impact. Current pharmacological and surgical treatments aim to relief pain and restore function; however, unsatiscactory outcomes are commonly reported. In order to find an accurate treatment to such pathologies, over the last years, there has been a significantly increasing interest in cellular therapies, such as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs). These cells represent a relatively new strategy in regenerative medicine, with many potential applications, especially regarding MSK disorders, and preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated their efficacy in muscle, tendon, bone and cartilage regeneration. Nevertheless, several worries about their safety and side effects at long-term remain unsolved. This article aims to review the current state of AMSCs therapy in the treatment of several MSK diseases and their clinical applications in veterinary and human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Torres-Torrillas
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Monica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Elena Damia
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Belen Cuervo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ayla Del Romero
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pau Peláez
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Laura Miguel
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Joaquin J Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
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