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Lizeth ANM, Vanessa BV, María Del Rocio TB, Margarita FC, Damián JM, Alfredo CO, Edgar CE, Placido RF. Hepatoprotective Effect Assessment of C-Phycocyanin on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Rat Model by Using Photoacoustic Spectroscopy. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 78:296-309. [PMID: 38224996 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231222508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary neoplasia of the liver with elevated mortality. Experimental treatment with antioxidants has a beneficial effect on the experimental models of HCC. Arthrospira maxima (spirulina) and its phycocyanin have antitumoral action on different tumoral cells. However, it is unknown whether phycocyanin is the responsible molecule for the antitumoral effect on HCC. Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) stands out among other spectroscopy techniques for its versatility of samples analyzed. This technique makes it possible to obtain the optical absorption spectrum of solid or liquid, dark or transparent samples. Previous studies report that assessing liver damage in rats produced by the modified resistant hepatocyte model (MRHM) is possible by analyzing their blood optical absorption spectrum. This study aimed to investigate, by PAS, the effect of phycocyanin obtained from spirulina on hepatic dysfunction. The optical absorption spectra analysis of the rat blood indicates the damage level induced by the MRHM group, being in concordance with the carried out biological conventional studies results, indicating an increase in the activity of hepatic enzymes, oxidative stress, Bax/Bcl2 ratio, cdk2, and AKT2 expression results, with a reduction in p53 expression. Also, PAS results suggest that phycocyanin decreases induced damage, due to the prevention of the Bax, AKT2, and p53 altered expression and the tumor progression in a HCC rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvarado-Noguez Margarita Lizeth
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Blas-Valdivia Vanessa
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Thompson-Bonilla María Del Rocio
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Hospital Regional 1ro de Octubre, ISSSTE, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Franco-Colín Margarita
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo I. Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Colonia Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero., Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jacinto-Méndez Damián
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cruz-Orea Alfredo
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cano-Europa Edgar
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rojas-Franco Placido
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo I. Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Colonia Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero., Ciudad de México, México
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Blas-Valdivia V, Moran-Dorantes DN, Rojas-Franco P, Franco-Colin M, Mirhosseini N, Davarnejad R, Halajisani A, Tavakoli O, Cano-Europa E. C-Phycocyanin prevents acute myocardial infarction-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiac damage. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:755-763. [PMID: 35373708 PMCID: PMC8979534 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2055089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT C-Phycocyanin is a protein with anti-scavenger, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions against agents that cause cellular damage. The cardioprotective action of C-phycocyanin against acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has not been studied in animal models. OBJECTIVE To investigate C-phycocyanin's effect on oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiac damage in a model of isoproterenol-induced AMI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (1) sham + vehicle (0.9% saline solution by oral gavage, OG); (2) sham + C-phycocyanin (50 mg/kg/d, OG); (3) AMI + vehicle, and (4) AMI + C-phycocyanin. AMI was induced by administering isoproterenol (20, 10, 5 and 3 mg/kg each dose per day), and serum cardiac enzymes were quantified. After five days, the animals were euthanized; the heart was dissected to determine oxidative stress, redox environment, inflammation and cardiac damage markers. RESULTS We observed that C-phycocyanin reduced AMI-increased cardiac enzymes (CK by about 53%, CKMB by about 60%, AST by about 16% and ALT by about 21%), lipid peroxidation (57%), reactive oxygen species (50%), nitrites (46%), oxidized glutathione (41%), IL1β (3%), INFγ (5%), TNFα 3%), Bcl2 (37%), Bax (43%), COX2 (21%) and caspase 9 (61%). Finally, C-phycocyanin reduced AMI-induced aberrant histological changes related to myonecrosis, interstitial oedema and inflammatory infiltration in the heart muscle. CONCLUSIONS C-Phycocyanin prevents AMI-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and heart damage. This study is the first report that employed C-phycocyanin in an animal model of AMI and supports the potential use of C-phycocyanin in the management of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Blas-Valdivia
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Daniela Nikita Moran-Dorantes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Placido Rojas-Franco
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Margarita Franco-Colin
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Neda Mirhosseini
- Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Reza Davarnejad
- Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Ahmad Halajisani
- Biofuel Laboratory, Caspian Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Tavakoli
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Edgar Cano-Europa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- CONTACT Edgar Cano-Europa ; Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Metabolismo l, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Blas-Valdivia V, Rojas-Franco P, Serrano-Contreras JI, Sfriso AA, Garcia-Hernandez C, Franco-Colín M, Cano-Europa E. C-phycoerythrin from Phormidium persicinum Prevents Acute Kidney Injury by Attenuating Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19110589. [PMID: 34822460 PMCID: PMC8624244 DOI: 10.3390/md19110589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
C-phycoerythrin (C-PE) is a phycobiliprotein that prevents oxidative stress and cell damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether C-PE also counteracts endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as a mechanism contributing to its nephroprotective activity. After C-PE was purified from Phormidium persicinum by using size exclusion chromatography, it was characterized by spectrometry and fluorometry. A mouse model of HgCl2-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) was used to assess the effect of C-PE treatment (at 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg of body weight) on oxidative stress, the redox environment, and renal damage. ER stress was examined with the same model and C-PE treatment at 100 mg/kg. C-PE diminished oxidative stress and cell damage in a dose-dependent manner by impeding the decrease in expression of nephrin and podocin normally caused by mercury intoxication. It reduced ER stress by preventing the activation of the inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) pathway and avoiding caspase-mediated cell death, while leaving the expression of protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 6α (ATF6α) pathways unmodified. Hence, C-PE exhibited a nephroprotective effect on HgCl2-induced AKI by reducing oxidative stress and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Blas-Valdivia
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico; (V.B.-V.); (C.G.-H.)
| | - Plácido Rojas-Franco
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;
| | - Jose Ivan Serrano-Contreras
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Division of Systems Medicine, Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Andrea Augusto Sfriso
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Cristian Garcia-Hernandez
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico; (V.B.-V.); (C.G.-H.)
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;
| | - Margarita Franco-Colín
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (M.F.-C.); (E.C.-E.); Tel./Fax: +52-55-57-29-60-00 (ext. 52351) (M.F.-C. & E.C.-E.)
| | - Edgar Cano-Europa
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (M.F.-C.); (E.C.-E.); Tel./Fax: +52-55-57-29-60-00 (ext. 52351) (M.F.-C. & E.C.-E.)
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Rojas-Franco P, Franco-Colín M, Blas-Valdivia V, Melendez-Camargo ME, Cano-Europa E. Arthrospira maxima ( Spirulina) prevents endoplasmic reticulum stress in the kidney through its C-phycocyanin. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:603-608. [PMID: 34269013 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Arthrospira maxima (Spirulina) is a cyanobacterium which is considered a nutraceutical because it has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties in different renal disease models (Rodriguez-Sánchez et al., 2012; Aziz et al., 2018; Memije-Lazaro et al., 2018). The therapeutic effects are due to the presence of metabolites with biological effects similar to those of essential fatty acids ω-3 and ω-6, vitamins A, C and E, and accessory pigments such as phycobiliproteins. One of the most abundant phycobiliproteins in A. maxima is C-phycocyanin (Mysliwa-Kurdziel and Solymosi, 2017). This molecule is responsible for nephroprotective action in a model of acute kidney injury (AKI) because it reduces oxidative stress and caspase activation (Rodriguez-Sánchez et al., 2012; Rojas-Franco et al., 2018). However, both A. maxima and its C-phycocyanin are related to the reduction of the redox environment. Thus, they probably help to maintain the adequate function of the intracellular organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum. However, this therapeutic action has not been evaluated previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Placido Rojas-Franco
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Margarita Franco-Colín
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Vanessa Blas-Valdivia
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - María Estela Melendez-Camargo
- Laboratorio de Toxicologia Hepática y Renal, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Edgar Cano-Europa
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
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Emeka PM, Rasool ST, Morsy MA, Islam MIH, Chohan MS. Protective effects of lutein against vancomycin-induced acute renal injury in mice via upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and inhibition nuclear factor-kappaB/caspase 3. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 25:321-331. [PMID: 34187949 PMCID: PMC8255119 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.4.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Vancomycin, an antibiotic used occasionally as a last line of treatment for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, is reportedly associated with nephrotoxicity. This study aimed at evaluating the protective effects of lutein against vancomycin-induced acute renal injury. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and its associated role in renoprotection by lutein was also examined. Male BALB/c mice were divided into six treatment groups: control with normal saline, lutein (200 mg/kg), vancomycin (250 mg/kg), vancomycin (500 mg/kg), vancomycin (250 mg/kg) with lutein, and vancomycin (500 mg/kg) with lutein groups; they were euthanized after 7 days of treatment. Thereafter, samples of blood, urine, and kidney tissue of the mice were analyzed, followed by the determination of levels of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in the urine, renal creatine kinase; protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde, and caspase-3 in the kidney; and the expression of PPARγ, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) in renal tissue. Results showed that the levels of protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde, and the activity of NAG, creatine kinase and caspase-3, were significantly increased in the vancomycin-treatment groups. Moreover, the levels of Nrf2 significantly decreased, while NF-κB expression increased. Lutein ameliorated these effects, and significantly increased PPARγ expression. Furthermore, it attenuated vancomycin-induced histological alterations such as, tissue necrosis and hypertrophy. Therefore, we conclude that lutein protects against vancomycin-induced renal injury by potentially upregulating PPARγ/Nrf2 expression in the renal tissues, and consequently downregulating the pathways: inflammation by NF-κB and apoptosis by caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Promise M Emeka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahibzada T Rasool
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Hairul Islam
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad S Chohan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Galasso C, Gentile A, Orefice I, Ianora A, Bruno A, Noonan DM, Sansone C, Albini A, Brunet C. Microalgal Derivatives as Potential Nutraceutical and Food Supplements for Human Health: A Focus on Cancer Prevention and Interception. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1226. [PMID: 31146462 PMCID: PMC6627306 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies are providing strong evidence on beneficial health effects from dietary measures, leading scientists to actively investigate which foods and which specific agents in the diet can prevent diseases. Public health officers and medical experts should collaborate toward the design of disease prevention diets for nutritional intervention. Functional foods are emerging as an instrument for dietary intervention in disease prevention. Functional food products are technologically developed ingredients with specific health benefits. Among promising sources of functional foods and chemopreventive diets of interest, microalgae are gaining worldwide attention, based on their richness in high-value products, including carotenoids, proteins, vitamins, essential amino acids, omega-rich oils and, in general, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds. Beneficial effects of microalgae on human health and/or wellness could in the future be useful in preventing or delaying the onset of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. During the past decades, microalgal biomass was predominately used in the health food market, with more than 75% of the annual microalgal biomass production being employed for the manufacture of powders, tablets, capsules or pastilles. In this review, we report and discuss the present and future role of microalgae as marine sources of functional foods/beverages for human wellbeing, focusing on perspectives in chemoprevention. We dissected this topic by analyzing the different classes of microalgal compounds with health outputs (based on their potential chemoprevention activities), the biodiversity of microalgal species and how to improve their cultivation, exploring the perspective of sustainable food from the sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Galasso
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonio Gentile
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ida Orefice
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Adrianna Ianora
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
| | - Douglas M Noonan
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 211000 Varese, Italy.
| | | | - Adriana Albini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Christophe Brunet
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
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