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Vashisht A, Gahlay GK. Understanding seminal plasma in male infertility: emerging markers and their implications. Andrology 2024; 12:1058-1077. [PMID: 38018348 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Infertility affects a significant proportion of the reproductive-aged population, with male-associated factors contributing to over half of the cases. However, current diagnostic tools have limitations, leading to an underestimation of the true prevalence of male infertility. While traditional semen parameters provide some insights, they fail to determine the true fertility potential in a substantial number of instances. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate additional molecular targets responsible for male infertility to improve understanding and identification of such cases. Seminal plasma, the main carrier of molecules derived from male reproductive glands, plays a crucial role in reproduction. Amongst its multifarious functions, it regulates processes such as sperm capacitation, sperm protection and maturation, and even interaction with the egg's zona pellucida. Seminal plasma offers a non-invasive sample for urogenital diagnostics and has shown promise in identifying biomarkers associated with male reproductive disorders. This review aims to provide an updated and comprehensive overview of seminal plasma in the diagnosis of male infertility, exploring its composition, function, methods used for analysis, and the application of emerging markers. Apart from the application, the potential challenges of seminal plasma analysis such as standardisation, marker interpretation and confounding factors have also been addressed. Moreover, we have also explored future avenues for enhancing its utility and its role in improving diagnostic strategies. Through comprehensive exploration of seminal plasma's diagnostic potential, the present analysis seeks to advance the understanding of male infertility and its effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Vashisht
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Gagandeep Kaur Gahlay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Nedić S, Đurić M, Vakanjac S, Arsić S, Nedić S, Samardžija M, Borozan S. Relationship between biochemical parameters and paraoxonase 1 activity of boar seminal plasma and semen quality. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1243-1253. [PMID: 36600008 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the biochemical components and the parameters of antioxidant protection in the seminal plasma (SP) of boars, as well as their relationship with semen quality parameters. Thirty-six boars were included in the study, whose ejaculates were divided into two groups: Group I (good quality semen, > 70% progressively motile sperm, < 20% spermatozoa with abnormal morphology, n = 16), and Group II (poor quality semen, < 70% progressively motile sperm, > 20% spermatozoa with abnormal morphology, n = 20). Significantly higher concentrations of ionized calcium (iCa), total cholesterol (TC), lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, as well as significantly higher values of antioxidant protection parameters: thiol groups (-SH), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) ) were found in the good quality semen, while higher phosphorus (P) concentrations and increased alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) activity were found in the semen of poor quality. A negative correlation of total and progressive sperm motility with P and ALP was found in all examined semen samples, while a positive correlation was found with PON1 and TAC. The percentage of fast sperm cells positively correlated with iCa, chlorine (Cl), lactate, LDH and TAC, while a negative correlation was found with P, magnesium (Mg) and the enzyme creatine-kinase (CK). The percentage of immobile sperm positively correlated with P and ALP, and negatively correlated with TC, CK, PON1 and TAC. Elevated values of PON1 and TAC in SP and a positive correlation with sperm motility indicate the possible use of these parameters as sensitive biomarkers of boar semen quality. To the best of our knowledge there are no published data on association between PON1 activity and boar semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Nedić
- Department of Reproduction, Fertility and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar oslobodjenja 18, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Miloje Đurić
- Department of Reproduction, Fertility and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar oslobodjenja 18, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodanka Vakanjac
- Department of Reproduction, Fertility and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar oslobodjenja 18, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sveta Arsić
- Department of Ruminants and Swine Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sreten Nedić
- Department of Ruminants and Swine Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Samardžija
- Clinic for Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sunčica Borozan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Relationships between Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Seminal Plasma and Sperm Motility in Bulls before and after Cryopreservation. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192534. [PMID: 36230273 PMCID: PMC9558952 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between biomarkers of oxidative stress (OS) in seminal plasma and sperm motility in bulls before and after cryopreservation. Three ejaculates per bull were collected from 20 young bulls. Each ejaculate was analyzed for motility before and after cryopreservation (by CASA), and the SP concentration of Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP), thiols, and carbonyl groups (CT) were examined. Then, based on their motility, the ejaculates were grouped into: high motility fresh (HMF), low motility fresh (LMF), high motility thawed (HMT), and low motility thawed (LMT) groups. Higher AOPP and thiol concentrations on SP were related (p < 0.05) to the higher LIN and BCF and lower ALH of fresh semen. In addition, AOPP and thiols were significantly higher in HMF than LMF. As a confirmation of this, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that AOPP and thiol concentrations in SP were able to discriminate between HMF and LMF ejaculates (Area Under the Curve of 71.67% and 72.04%, respectively). These observations give an alternative perspective on the relationship between sperm motility and the OS parameters of SP, which need further investigations.
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Seminal Plasma Proteomic Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239113. [PMID: 33266209 PMCID: PMC7731432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of idiopathic male infertility is high, up to 75% of patients with abnormal sperm parameters. Hence, the research of its causes is mandatory. Oxidative stress (OS) can be responsible for male infertility in 30–80% of cases. In recent years, seminal plasma (SP) proteomics has developed as a useful tool to provide biomarkers of specific diseases. This systematic review aims to collect the available evidence on the changes of SP proteome in patients exposed to OS to provide possible SP biomarkers of sperm OS. To accomplish this, the following keyterms “seminal fluid proteome”, “seminal plasma proteome”, “oxidative stress”, and “sperm oxidative stress” were used and 137 records were found. Among these, 17 were finally included. Nine proteins involved with OS were found overexpressed in patients with OS. Twenty-three proteins were found differentially expressed in patients with clinical conditions associated with OS, such as varicocele, male accessory gland infection/inflammation, cigarette smoke, and obesity. These proteins do not seem to overlap among the clinical conditions taken into account. We speculate that specific SP proteins may mediate OS in different clinical conditions. Altogether, these results suggest that proteomics could help to better understand some of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of infertility. However, further studies are needed to identify potential biomarkers of male infertility with valuable clinical significance.
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Cui W, Min X, Xu X, Du B, Luo P. Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in Diabetic Nephropathy. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:3797802. [PMID: 28512642 PMCID: PMC5420438 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3797802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is manifested as increased urinary protein level, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and final renal dysfunction. DN is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide and causes a huge societal healthcare burden. Since satisfied treatments are still limited, exploring new strategies for the treatment of this disease is urgently needed. Oxidative stress takes part in the initiation and development of DN. In addition, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a key role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Thus, activation of Nrf2 seems to be a new choice for the treatment of DN. In current review, we discussed and summarized the therapeutic effects of Nrf2 activation on DN from both basic and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Xu Min
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Bing Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, China
- *Bing Du: and
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
- *Ping Luo:
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Luddi A, Capaldo A, Focarelli R, Gori M, Morgante G, Piomboni P, De Leo V. Antioxidants reduce oxidative stress in follicular fluid of aged women undergoing IVF. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2016; 14:57. [PMID: 27604261 PMCID: PMC5015196 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-016-0184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The status characterized by the imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants molecules, defined as oxidative stress, has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of subfertility in females. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a complete micronutrients supplementation on oxidative stress levels in follicular microenvironment as well as on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. METHODS This preliminary study was conducted between January 2014 and July 2015 at the Siena University Hospital Infertility Clinic. Serum and follicular fluid were collected from infertile women aged > 39 years who underwent two in vitro fertilization cycles: in the first cycle they were treated with GnRH-antagonist protocol and gonadotropins for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, whereas in the second cycle ovarian stimulation protocol was associated to micronutrients supplementation, starting three months earlier. Protein oxidation levels and total antioxidant capacity in serum and in follicular fluid were evaluated in IVF cycles with or without micronutrients supplementation. Differences in IVF outcome parameters were statistically evaluated. RESULTS Two-dimensional electrophoresis analyses demonstrated that when patients assumed micronutrients before IVF cycles, follicular fluid and serum proteins were protected from oxidative damage. Comparable results were obtained when total antioxidant capacity was measured. Moreover, the mean number of good quality oocytes retrieved when patients received micronutrients supplementation was significantly increased. CONCLUSION The additional treatment with micronutrients, starting three months before IVF cycles, protects the follicular microenvironment from oxidative stress, thus increasing the number of good quality oocytes recovered at the pick up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Luddi
- Department Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte Viale Bracci, Siena, 53100 Italy
| | - Angela Capaldo
- Department Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte Viale Bracci, Siena, 53100 Italy
| | | | - Martina Gori
- Department Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte Viale Bracci, Siena, 53100 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Morgante
- Department Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte Viale Bracci, Siena, 53100 Italy
| | - Paola Piomboni
- Department Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte Viale Bracci, Siena, 53100 Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Leo
- Department Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte Viale Bracci, Siena, 53100 Italy
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Cabrillana ME, Uribe P, Villegas JV, Álvarez J, Sánchez R, Fornés MW. Thiol oxidation by nitrosative stress: Cellular localization in human spermatozoa. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2016; 62:325-34. [PMID: 27487446 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2016.1208782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Peroxynitrite is a highly reactive nitrogen species and when it is generated at high levels it causes nitrosative stress, an important cause of impaired sperm function. High levels of peroxynitrite have been shown to correlate with decreased semen quality in infertile men. Thiol groups in sperm are mainly found in enzymes, antioxidant molecules, and structural proteins in the axoneme. Peroxynitrite primarily reacts with thiol groups of cysteine-containing proteins. Although it is well known that peroxynitrite oxidizes sulfhydryl groups in sperm, the subcellular localization of this oxidation remains unknown. The main objective of this study was to establish the subcellular localization of peroxynitrite-induced nitrosative stress in thiol groups and its relation to sperm motility in human spermatozoa. For this purpose, spermatozoa from healthy donors were exposed in vitro to 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), a compound which generates peroxynitrite. In order to detect peroxynitrite and reduced thiol groups, the fluorescent probes, dihydrorhodamine 123 and monobromobimane (mBBr), were used respectively. Sperm viability was analyzed by propidium iodide staining. Peroxynitrite generation and thiol redox state were monitored by confocal microscopy whereas sperm viability was evaluated by flow cytometry. Sperm motility was analyzed by CASA using the ISAS(®) system. The results showed that exposure of human spermatozoa to peroxynitrite results in increased thiol oxidation which is mainly localized in the sperm head and principal piece regions. Thiol oxidation was associated with motility loss. The high susceptibility of thiol groups to peroxynitrite-induced oxidation could explain, at least in part, the negative effect of reactive nitrogen species on sperm motility. ABBREVIATIONS DHR: dihydrorhodamine 123; mBBr: monobromobimane ONOO(-): peroxynitrite RNS: reactive nitrogen species RFI: relative fluorescence intensity SIN-1: 3-morpholinosydnonimine CASA: Computer-Aided Sperm Analysis PARP: poli ADP ribose polimerasa VCL: curvilinear velocity VSL: straight-line velocity VAP: average path velocity PRDXs: peroxiredoxins ODF: outer dense fiber ODF1: outer dense fiber 1 PI: propidium iodide DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide SD: standard deviation ANOVA analysis of variance.
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Affiliation(s)
- María E Cabrillana
- a Laboratory of Andrology Research of Mendoza (LIAM) Institute of Histology and Embriology of Mendoza (IHEM) Histology and Embryology Area, Department of Morphology and Physiology , School of Medicine, National University of Cuyo & CCT-Mendoza , CONICET, Mendoza , Argentina.,b Research Institute (CIUDA), Medicine Faculty , Universidad del Aconcagua , Mendoza , Argentina
| | - Pamela Uribe
- c Center of Reproductive Biotechnology - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEBIOR-BIOREN) , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
| | - Juana V Villegas
- c Center of Reproductive Biotechnology - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEBIOR-BIOREN) , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile.,d Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine Faculty , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
| | - Juan Álvarez
- e Centro ANDROGEN, La Coruña , Spain.,f Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Raúl Sánchez
- c Center of Reproductive Biotechnology - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEBIOR-BIOREN) , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile.,g Department of Preclinical Science, Medicine Faculty , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
| | - Miguel W Fornés
- a Laboratory of Andrology Research of Mendoza (LIAM) Institute of Histology and Embriology of Mendoza (IHEM) Histology and Embryology Area, Department of Morphology and Physiology , School of Medicine, National University of Cuyo & CCT-Mendoza , CONICET, Mendoza , Argentina.,b Research Institute (CIUDA), Medicine Faculty , Universidad del Aconcagua , Mendoza , Argentina
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Mohanty G, Swain N, Goswami C, Kar S, Samanta L. Histone retention, protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation in spermatozoa: Possible role in recurrent pregnancy loss. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2016; 62:201-12. [DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2016.1148798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Intasqui P, Antoniassi MP, Camargo M, Nichi M, Carvalho VM, Cardozo KHM, Zylbersztejn DS, Bertolla RP. Differences in the seminal plasma proteome are associated with oxidative stress levels in men with normal semen parameters. Fertil Steril 2015; 104:292-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Piomboni P, Focarelli R, Capaldo A, Stendardi A, Cappelli V, Cianci A, La Marca A, Luddi A, De Leo V. Protein modification as oxidative stress marker in follicular fluid from women with polycystic ovary syndrome: the effect of inositol and metformin. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:1269-76. [PMID: 25113619 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0307-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress status (OS) of follicular fluid (FF) and the oocyte quality in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing different ovarian stimulation protocols. METHODS FF samples were collected after gonadotropin administration in association or not with metformin or D-chiro-inositol (DCI). OS status was then evaluated by checking the follicular fluid protein oxidation profile after specific labeling of aminoacidic free-SH groups, and two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by qualitative and semiquantitative analysis. Oocyte quality was assessed by international morphological criteria. RESULTS Our data indicated that both treatments, even if to different extent, recovered a significantly high level of free-SH groups in FF proteins of PCOS women clearly indicating a decrease of OS level with respect to that found in FF samples from gonadotropins alone treated women. A higher number of good quality MII oocytes was also observed in DCI (P < 0.05) or metformin (P < 0.05) study groups in comparison to untreated control group. CONCLUSION A natural supplement and a drug both showed a statistically significant positive effect on follicular milieu by decreasing the oxidative damage on FF proteins, as well as in recovering good quality oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Piomboni
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Development, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
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Preventive and therapeutic effects of MG132 by activating Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway on oxidative stress-induced cardiovascular and renal injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:306073. [PMID: 23533688 PMCID: PMC3606804 DOI: 10.1155/2013/306073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
So far, cardiovascular and renal diseases have brought us not only huge economic burden but also serious society problems. Since effective therapeutic strategies are still limited, to find new methods for the prevention or therapy of these diseases is important. Oxidative stress has been found to play a critical role in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular and renal diseases. In addition, activation of nuclear-factor-E2-related-factor-2- (Nrf2-) antioxidant-responsive element (ARE) signaling pathway protects cells and tissues from oxidative damage. As a proteasomal inhibitor, MG132 was reported to activate Nrf2 expression and function, which was accompanied with significant preventive and/or therapeutic effect on cardiovascular and renal diseases under most conditions; therefore, MG132 seems to be a potentially effective drug to be used in the prevention of oxidative damage. In this paper, we will summarize the information available regarding the effect of MG132 on oxidative stress-induced cardiovascular and renal damage, especially through Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway.
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