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Genge A, Wainwright S, Vande Velde C. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: exploring pathophysiology in the context of treatment. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024; 25:225-236. [PMID: 38001557 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2278503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex, neurodegenerative disorder in which alterations in structural, physiological, and metabolic parameters act synergistically. Over the last decade there has been a considerable focus on developing drugs to slow the progression of the disease. Despite this, only four disease-modifying therapies are approved in North America. Although additional research is required for a thorough understanding of ALS, we have accumulated a large amount of knowledge that could be better integrated into future clinical trials to accelerate drug development and provide patients with improved treatment options. It is likely that future, successful ALS treatments will take a multi-pronged therapeutic approach, targeting different pathways, akin to personalized medicine in oncology. In this review, we discuss the link between ALS pathophysiology and treatments, looking at the therapeutic failures as learning opportunities that can help us refine and optimize drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Genge
- Clinical Research Unit Director, ALS Clinic, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steven Wainwright
- Amylyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and
| | - Christine Vande Velde
- CHUM Research Center, Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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2
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Touma Y, Ichikawa M, Kishi M, Yokota T, Fujisawa A. Development of a Semi-Dry Method for Measuring Drug Permeation into Skin Using an Electric Facial Care Device and Iontophoresis. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2024; 36:278-287. [PMID: 38368874 DOI: 10.1159/000536500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Percutaneous drug delivery systems are attractive not only as a therapeutic strategy but also for cosmetic treatment. Iontophoresis is a well-recognized method for promoting transdermal absorption of ionized compounds. Franz cells are generally used to estimate drug permeation of skin by iontophoresis. However, methods using Franz cells are less versatile; for instance, the method is unsuited for use with a portable electric facial care device having a working probe of a certain size and weight. In this study, we constructed a semi-dry apparatus for use with an electric facial care device. METHODS The apparatus has a multilayer structure consisting of mouse skin and 3 filter papers, modeled after the Franz cell. The skin permeation of the drug edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one) was then measured using this apparatus. RESULTS Edaravone permeation depended on working time, drug concentration, and ionization ratio of edaravone when iontophoresis was carried out with an electric facial care device. Furthermore, glycyrrhizic acid, α-tocopheryl phosphate, retinoic acid, and ascorbyl palmitate, which are recognized as functional cosmetic materials, also permeated the skin by applying iontophoresis with the device. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the developed measuring apparatus is applicable for use with a portable electric facial care device and that iontophoresis using a portable electric facial care device is potentially useful in the cosmetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Touma
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Akio Fujisawa
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Nourelden AZ, Kamal I, Hagrass AI, Tawfik AG, Elhady MM, Fathallah AH, Eshag MME, Zaazouee MS. Safety and efficacy of edaravone in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:3429-3442. [PMID: 37249667 PMCID: PMC10495275 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06869-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aims to increase understanding of edaravone's efficacy and safety as an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) treatment and provide significant insights regarding this field's future research. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of the Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for randomized controlled trials and observational studies up until September 2022. We evaluated the studies' quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the National Institutes of Health tool. RESULTS We included 11 studies with 2845 ALS patients. We found that edaravone improved the survival rate at 18, 24, and 30 months (risk ratio (RR) = 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.02 to 1.24], P = 0.02), (RR = 1.22, 95% CI [1.06 to 1.41], P = 0.007), and (RR = 1.17, 95% CI [1.01 to 1.34], P = 0.03), respectively. However, the administration of edaravone did not result in any significant difference in adverse effects or efficacy outcomes between the two groups, as indicated by a P value greater than 0.05. CONCLUSION Edaravone improves survival rates of ALS patients at 18, 24, and 30 months with no adverse effects. However, edaravone does not affect functional outcomes. In order to ensure the validity of our findings and assess the results in accordance with the disease stage, it is essential to carry out additional prospective, rigorous, and high-quality clinical trials. The current study offers preliminary indications regarding the effectiveness and safety of edaravone. However, further comprehensive research is required to establish the generalizability and sustainability of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ibrahim Kamal
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Abdelrahman G Tawfik
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Younes R, Issa Y, Jdaa N, Chouaib B, Brugioti V, Challuau D, Raoul C, Scamps F, Cuisinier F, Hilaire C. The Secretome of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Its Components GDF15 and HB-EGF Protect Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Motoneurons against Death. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2152. [PMID: 37626649 PMCID: PMC10452672 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and incurable paralytic disorder caused by the progressive death of upper and lower motoneurons. Although numerous strategies have been developed to slow disease progression and improve life quality, to date only a few therapeutic treatments are available with still unsatisfactory therapeutic benefits. The secretome of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) contains numerous neurotrophic factors that could promote motoneuron survival. Accordingly, DPSCs confer neuroprotective benefits to the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS. However, the mode of action of DPSC secretome on motoneurons remains largely unknown. Here, we used conditioned medium of human DPSCs (DPSCs-CM) and assessed its effect on survival, axonal length, and electrical activity of cultured wildtype and SOD1G93A motoneurons. To further understand the role of individual factors secreted by DPSCs and to circumvent the secretome variability bias, we focused on GDF15 and HB-EGF whose neuroprotective properties remain elusive in the ALS pathogenic context. DPSCs-CM rescues motoneurons from trophic factor deprivation-induced death, promotes axon outgrowth of wildtype but not SOD1G93A mutant motoneurons, and has no impact on the spontaneous electrical activity of wildtype or mutant motoneurons. Both GDF15 and HB-EGF protect SOD1G93A motoneurons against nitric oxide-induced death, but not against death induced by trophic factor deprivation. GDF15 and HB-EGF receptors were found to be expressed in the spinal cord, with a two-fold increase in expression for the GDF15 low-affinity receptor in SOD1G93A mice. Therefore, the secretome of DPSCs appears as a new potential therapeutic candidate for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Younes
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
- LBN, University of Montpellier, 34193 Montpellier, France
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon
| | - Youssef Issa
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Nadia Jdaa
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Batoul Chouaib
- LBN, University of Montpellier, 34193 Montpellier, France
- Human Health Department, IRSN, SERAMED, LRMed, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Désiré Challuau
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Cédric Raoul
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Cécile Hilaire
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
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5
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Ketabforoush AHME, Chegini R, Barati S, Tahmasebi F, Moghisseh B, Joghataei MT, Faghihi F, Azedi F. Masitinib: The promising actor in the next season of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis treatment series. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114378. [PMID: 36774721 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with high mortality and morbidity rate affecting both upper and lower motor neurons (MN). Muscle force reduction, behavioral change, pseudobulbar affect, and cognitive impairments are the most common clinical manifestations of ALS. The main physiopathology of ALS is still unclear, though several studies have identified that oxidative stress, proteinopathies, glutamate-related excitotoxicity, microglial activation, and neuroinflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of ALS. From 1995 until October 2022, only Riluzole, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide (DH) with Quinidine sulfate (Q), Edaravone, and Sodium phenylbutyrate with Taurursodiol (PB/TUDCO) have achieved FDA approval for ALS treatment. Despite the use of these four approved agents, the survival rate and quality of life of ALS patients are still low. Thus, finding novel treatments for ALS patients is an urgent requirement. Masitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, emphasizes the neuro-inflammatory activity of ALS by targeting macrophages, mast cells, and microglia cells. Masitinib downregulates the proinflammatory cytokines, indirectly reduces inflammation, and induces neuroprotection. Also, it was effective in phase 2/3 and 3 clinical trials (CTs) by increasing overall survival and delaying motor, bulbar, and respiratory function deterioration. This review describes the pathophysiology of ALS, focusing on Masitinib's mechanism of action and explaining why Masitinib could be a promising actor in the treatment of ALS patients. In addition, Masitinib CTs and other competitor drugs in phase 3 CTs have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rojin Chegini
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shirin Barati
- Department of Anatomy, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tahmasebi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bardia Moghisseh
- Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Faghihi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereshteh Azedi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Mavragani A, Fujita K, Oki R, Osaki Y, Miyamoto R, Morino H, Nagano S, Atsuta N, Kanazawa Y, Matsumoto Y, Arisawa A, Kawai H, Sato Y, Sakaguchi S, Yagi K, Hamatani T, Kagimura T, Yanagawa H, Mochizuki H, Doyu M, Sobue G, Harada M, Izumi Y. An Exploratory Trial of EPI-589 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (EPIC-ALS): Protocol for a Multicenter, Open-Labeled, 24-Week, Single-Group Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e42032. [PMID: 36716091 PMCID: PMC9926342 DOI: 10.2196/42032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder, with its currently approved drugs, including riluzole and edaravone, showing limited therapeutic effects. Therefore, safe and effective drugs are urgently necessary. EPI-589 is an orally available, small-molecule, novel redox-active agent characterized by highly potent protective effects against oxidative stress with high blood-brain barrier permeability. Given the apparent oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction involvement in the pathogenesis of ALS, EPI-589 may hold promise as a therapeutic agent. OBJECTIVE This protocol aims to describe the design and rationale for the EPI-589 Early Phase 2 Investigator-Initiated Clinical Trial for ALS (EPIC-ALS). METHODS EPIC-ALS is an explorative, open-labeled, single-arm trial that evaluates the safety and tolerability of EPI-589 in patients with ALS. This trial consists of 12-week run-in, 24-week treatment, and 4-week follow-up periods. Patients will receive 500 mg of EPI-589 3 times daily over the 24-week treatment period. Clinical assessments include the mean monthly change of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised total score. The biomarkers are selected to analyze the effect on oxidative stress and neuronal damage. The plasma biomarkers are 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), neurofilament light chain (NfL), phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNfH), homocysteine, and creatinine. The cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers are 8-OHdG, 3-NT, NfL, pNfH, and ornithine. The magnetic resonance biomarkers are fractional anisotropy in the corticospinal tract and N-acetylaspartate in the primary motor area. RESULTS This trial began data collection in September 2021 and is expected to be completed in October 2023. CONCLUSIONS This study can provide useful data to understand the characteristics of EPI-589. TRIAL REGISTRATION Japan Primary Registries Network jRCT2061210031; tinyurl.com/2p84emu6. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/42032.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koji Fujita
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Oki
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Osaki
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morino
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Seiichi Nagano
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Naoki Atsuta
- Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanazawa
- Department of Biomedical Information Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsumoto
- Department of Radiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Atsuko Arisawa
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Department of Radiology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Sato
- Clinical Research Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakaguchi
- Clinical Research Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kenta Yagi
- Clinical Research Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuo Kagimura
- The Translational Research Center for Medical Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yanagawa
- Clinical Research Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Manabu Doyu
- Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Masafumi Harada
- Department of Radiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuishin Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
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7
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Kutlubaev MA, Areprintseva DK, Pervushina EV. [The influence of uric acid on the course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:177-180. [PMID: 37315259 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2023123051177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid has antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. A number of studies show that high levels of uric acid may have a positive influence on the course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), especially in males. The frequency of ALS is lower in patients with gout than in the general population. We present a case of a patient with gout and slowly progressive ALS. More research is needed on the potential role of uric acid in ALS and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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8
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Tong S, Li Q, Liu Q, Song B, Wu J. Recent advances of the nanocomposite hydrogel as a local drug delivery for diabetic ulcers. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1039495. [PMID: 36267448 PMCID: PMC9577098 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1039495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic ulcer is a serious complication of diabetes. Compared with that of healthy people, the skin of patients with a diabetic ulcer is more easily damaged and difficult to heal. Without early intervention, the disease will become increasingly serious, often leading to amputation or even death. Most current treatment methods cannot achieve a good wound healing effect. Numerous studies have shown that a nanocomposite hydrogel serves as an ideal drug delivery method to promote the healing of a diabetic ulcer because of its better drug loading capacity and stability. Nanocomposite hydrogels can be loaded with one or more drugs for application to chronic ulcer wounds to promote rapid wound healing. Therefore, this paper reviews the latest progress of delivery systems based on nanocomposite hydrogels in promoting diabetic ulcer healing. Through a review of the recent literature, we put forward the shortcomings and improvement strategies of nanocomposite hydrogels in the treatment of diabetic ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Tong
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qingyu Li
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiaoyan Liu
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo Song
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Song, ; Junzi Wu,
| | - Junzi Wu
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Song, ; Junzi Wu,
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Takahashi F, Kano O, Nagano Y, Yoneoka T, Nelson S, Ushirogawa Y. Associations Between the
ALSFRS‐R
Score and Urate Levels During 12 Months of Edaravone Treatment for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Post Hoc Analysis of
ALSFRS‐R
Scores in Clinical Studies
MCI186
‐16,
MCI186
‐17, and
MCI186
‐19. Muscle Nerve 2022; 66:593-602. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.27700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Osamu Kano
- Department of Neurology Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Ota‐ku Japan
| | | | | | - Sally Nelson
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma America, Inc. Jersey City NJ USA
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10
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Laudadio E, Minnelli C, Mobbili G, Sabbatini G, Stipa P, Rusciano D, Galeazzi R. Salt effects on mixed composition membranes containing an antioxidant lipophilic edaravone derivative: a computational-experimental study. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5784-5795. [PMID: 35822625 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The protection of lipid membranes against oxidation avoids diseases associated with oxidative stress. As a strategy to contrast it, functionalized lipids with antioxidant activity are used to become part of membranes thus protecting them. For this purpose, a lipophilic edaravone derivative has been synthesized, adding a C18 saturated chain to the original structure. The antioxidant activity of C18-Edv has been demonstrated in our previous work. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to define the effects of NaCl, MgCl2, KCl, and CaCl2 salts on a palmitoyl-oleoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine (POPC) lipid bilayer encapsulating C18-Edv. The results showed how different salts influence POPC lateral diffusion, and the movements of C18-Edv heads, which are antioxidant moieties, were correlated to the ability of C18-Edv molecules to protect membranes. MgCl2 showed a negative impact leading to C18-Edv clusterization and membrane stretching, while KCl and NaCl showed a moderate influence on the mixed lipid membrane structure. CaCl2 increased the exposure of the C18-Edv heads to the lipid-water interface, resulting in the salt with a higher propensity to guarantee protection against radicals in the aqueous phase. Finally, C18-Edv-POPC liposomes have been prepared following the simulation conditions, and then an experimental Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay has been performed to confirm the in silico predicted results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Laudadio
- Department SIMAU, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Minnelli
- Department DISVA, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Mobbili
- Department DISVA, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Giulia Sabbatini
- Department DISVA, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Pierluigi Stipa
- Department SIMAU, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Dario Rusciano
- Research Center, Sooft Italia SpA, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Department DISVA, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
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11
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Han HJ, Shin HY, Choi YC, Kim SM, Kim SW. Serum uric acid level predicts the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis following treatment with edaravone. Redox Rep 2022; 27:79-84. [PMID: 35296219 PMCID: PMC8933037 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2022.2051964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Uric acid and edaravone might exert a neuroprotective effect in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by reducing oxidative stress. We analyzed whether the treatment effect of edaravone is pronounced in patients whose uric acid level increased after the treatment with edaravone. Materials and methods Forty patients with ALS who underwent treatment with edaravone were included. Baseline uric acid level and the rate of decline in uric acid after edaravone treatment were recorded. The rate of change of ALS functional rating scale-revised (ΔALSFRS-R/month) was calculated based on baseline ALSFRS-R score and ALSFRS-R score 6–24 weeks after the treatment. Results The serum uric acid levels decreased after treatment in 26 (65%) patients and increased in 12 (30%) patients. The ΔALSFRS-R/month was significantly faster in patients whose uric acid decreased (median 1.5 [Q1–Q3, 0.7–3.1]) than in patients whose uric acid increased (0.2 [0–1.0], p = 0.021). A high baseline uric acid level and low rate of decline in uric acid was associated with slower disease progression after adjusting for age, initial symptoms, and riluzole administration (p = 0.030 and p = 0.041, respectively). Discussion High baseline values and low rate of decline in uric acid may predict slow disease progression in ALS patients treated with edaravone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jo Han
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ha Young Shin
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Chul Choi
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Min Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Seung Woo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Liu T, Chen J, Li N, Xiao S, Huang CH, Zhang L, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou X. Unexpected Role of Nitrite in Promoting Transformation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics by Peracetic Acid: Reactive Nitrogen Species Contribution and Harmful Disinfection Byproduct Formation Potential. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1300-1309. [PMID: 34965096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Peracetic acid (PAA) is an emerging oxidant and disinfectant for wastewater (WW) treatment due to limited harmful disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation. Nitrite (NO2-) is a ubiquitous anion in water, but the impact of NO2- on PAA oxidation and disinfection has been largely overlooked. This work found for the first time that NO2- could significantly promote the oxidation of sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) by PAA. Unexpectedly, the reactive nitrogen species (RNS), for example, peroxynitrite (ONOO-), rather than conventional organic radicals (R-O•) or reactive oxygen species (ROS), played major roles in SAs degradation. A kinetic model based on first-principles was developed to elucidate the reaction mechanism and simulate reaction kinetics of the PAA/NO2- process. Structural activity assessment and quantum chemical calculations showed that RNS tended to react with an aromatic amine group, resulting in more conversion of NO2--N to organic-N. The formation of nitrated and nitrosated byproducts and the enhancement of trichloronitromethane formation potential might be a prevalent problem in the PAA/NO2- process. This study provides new insights into the reaction of PAA with NO2- and sheds light on the potential risks of PAA in WW treatment in the presence of NO2-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongcai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jiabin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Shaoze Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Longlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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13
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Amekura S, Shiozawa K, Kiryu C, Yamamoto Y, Fujisawa A. Edaravone, a scavenger for multiple reactive oxygen species, reacts with singlet oxygen to yield 2-oxo-3-(phenylhydrazono)-butanoic acid. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2022; 70:240-247. [PMID: 35692681 PMCID: PMC9130065 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.21-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one) is a synthetic antioxidant used as a drug to treat acute ischemic stroke in Japan and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Japan and the USA. Its pharmacological mechanism is thought to be scavenging of reactive oxygen species, which are intimately related with these diseases. Recently, the singlet oxygen (1O2) has attracted attention among reactive oxygen species. In this study, we investigated the reactivity of edaravone toward 1O2 and identified its reaction products. Edaravone showed a reactivity toward 1O2 greater than those of uric acid, histidine, and tryptophan, which are believed to be 1O2 scavengers in vivo. And we confirmed that 2-oxo-3-(phenylhydrazono)-butanoic acid was formed as an oxidation product. We propose a plausible mechanism for 2-oxo-3-(phenylhydrazono)-butanoic acid production by 1O2-induced edaravone oxidation. Since 2-oxo-3-(phenylhydrazono)-butanoic acid has already been identified as a radical-initiated oxidation product, free radical-induced oxidation should be seriously reconsidered. We also found that edaravone can react with not only hypochlorous anions but also 1O2 that are formed from myeloperoxidase. This result suggests that edaravone treatment can be beneficial against myeloperoxidase-related injuries such as inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Amekura
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
| | - Kyouhei Shiozawa
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
| | - Chihiro Kiryu
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
| | - Yorihiro Yamamoto
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
| | - Akio Fujisawa
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
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Ommati MM, Attari H, Siavashpour A, Shafaghat M, Azarpira N, Ghaffari H, Moezi L, Heidari R. Mitigation of cholestasis-associated hepatic and renal injury by edaravone treatment: Evaluation of its effects on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. LIVER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Amekura S, Nakajima M, Watanabe M, Saitoh M, Iida S, Yamamoto Y, Fujisawa A. 4-Cl-edaravone and ( E)-2-chloro-3-[( E)-phenyldiazenyl]-2-butenoic acid are the specific reaction products of edaravone with hypochlorite. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020. [PMID: 33041513 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
3-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (edaravone) is a synthetic one-electron antioxidant used as a drug for treatment against acute phase cerebral infarction in Japan. This drug also reacts with two-electron oxidants like peroxynitrite to give predominantly 4-nitrosoedaravone but no one-electron oxidation products. It is believed that this plays a significant role in amelioration of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The drug was approved for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Japan and USA in 2015 and 2017, respectively. In this study, we examined the reaction of edaravone with another two-electron oxidant, hypochlorite anion (ClO-). Edaravone reacted with ClO- in 50% methanolic phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) solution containing typical two-electron reductants, such as glutathione, cysteine, methionine, and uric acid, as internal references. The concentration of edaravone decreased at a similar rate as each co-existing reference, indicating that it showed comparable reactivity toward ClO- as those references. Furthermore, 4-Cl-edaravone and (E)-2-chloro-3-[(E)-phenyldiazenyl]-2-butenoic acid (CPB) were identified as primary and end products, respectively, and no one-electron oxidation products were detected. These results suggest that edaravone treatment can bring greater benefit against ClO--related injury such as inflammation, and 4-Cl-edaravone and CPB can be good biomarkers for ClO--induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Amekura
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Misuzu Nakajima
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Mami Watanabe
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Makoto Saitoh
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Sayaka Iida
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Yorihiro Yamamoto
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Akio Fujisawa
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
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16
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Amekura S, Nakajima M, Watanabe M, Saitoh M, Iida S, Yamamoto Y, Fujisawa A. 4-Cl-edaravone and ( E)-2-chloro-3-[( E)-phenyldiazenyl]-2-butenoic acid are the specific reaction products of edaravone with hypochlorite. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 67:159-166. [PMID: 33041513 PMCID: PMC7533859 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
3-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (edaravone) is a synthetic one-electron antioxidant used as a drug for treatment against acute phase cerebral infarction in Japan. This drug also reacts with two-electron oxidants like peroxynitrite to give predominantly 4-nitrosoedaravone but no one-electron oxidation products. It is believed that this plays a significant role in amelioration of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The drug was approved for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Japan and USA in 2015 and 2017, respectively. In this study, we examined the reaction of edaravone with another two-electron oxidant, hypochlorite anion (ClO−). Edaravone reacted with ClO− in 50% methanolic phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) solution containing typical two-electron reductants, such as glutathione, cysteine, methionine, and uric acid, as internal references. The concentration of edaravone decreased at a similar rate as each co-existing reference, indicating that it showed comparable reactivity toward ClO− as those references. Furthermore, 4-Cl-edaravone and (E)-2-chloro-3-[(E)-phenyldiazenyl]-2-butenoic acid (CPB) were identified as primary and end products, respectively, and no one-electron oxidation products were detected. These results suggest that edaravone treatment can bring greater benefit against ClO−-related injury such as inflammation, and 4-Cl-edaravone and CPB can be good biomarkers for ClO−-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Amekura
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Misuzu Nakajima
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Mami Watanabe
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Makoto Saitoh
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Sayaka Iida
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Yorihiro Yamamoto
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Akio Fujisawa
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
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Barp A, Gerardi F, Lizio A, Sansone VA, Lunetta C. Emerging Drugs for the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Focus on Recent Phase 2 Trials. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2020; 25:145-164. [PMID: 32456491 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2020.1769067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease involving both upper and lower motor neurons and resulting in increasing disability and death 3-5 years after onset of symptoms. Over 40 large clinical trials for ALS have been negative, except for Riluzole that offers a modest survival benefit, and Edaravone that modestly reduces disease progression in patients with specific characteristics. Thus, the discovery of efficient disease modifying therapy is an urgent need. AREAS COVERED Although the cause of ALS remains unclear, many studies have demonstrated that neuroinflammation, proteinopathies, glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, microglial activation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction may play a key role in the pathogenesis. This review highlights recent discoveries relating to these diverse mechanisms and their implications for the development of therapy. Ongoing phase 2 clinical trials aimed to interfere with these pathophysiological mechanisms are discussed. EXPERT OPINION This review describes the challenges that the discovery of an efficient drug therapy faces and how these issues may be addressed. With the continuous advances coming from basic research, we provided possible suggestions that may be considered to improve performance of clinical trials and turn ALS research into a 'fertile ground' for drug development for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Barp
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre, Fondazione Serena Onlus , Milan, Italy.,Dept. Biomedical Sciences of Health, University of Milan , Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Lizio
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre, Fondazione Serena Onlus , Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Ada Sansone
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre, Fondazione Serena Onlus , Milan, Italy.,Dept. Biomedical Sciences of Health, University of Milan , Milan, Italy
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Ke J, Bian X, Liu H, Li B, Huo R. Edaravone reduces oxidative stress and intestinal cell apoptosis after burn through up-regulating miR-320 expression. Mol Med 2019; 25:54. [PMID: 31829167 PMCID: PMC6907153 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-019-0122-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal mucosa barrier dysfunction after burn injury is an important factor for causing mortality of burn patients. The current study established a burn model in rats and used a free radical scavenger edaravone (ED) to treat the rats, so as to investigate the effect of edaravone on intestinal mucosa barrier after burn injury. METHODS Anesthetized rats were subjected to 40% total body surface area water burn immediately, followed by treatment with ED, scrambled antagomir, or antagomiR-320. Intestinal mucosa damage was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and graded by colon mucosal damage index (CMDI) score. The contents of total sulfhydryl (TSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined by spectrophotometry. Cell apoptosis, protein relative expression,and the in situ expressions of p-Akt and p-Bad were detected by flow cytometry, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The miR-320 expression was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS ED alleviated intestinal mucosal damage caused by burn injury, down-regulated the levels of MDA, cytochrome C, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3, but up-regulated the levels of TSH, SOD, CAT and Bcl-2. We also found that ED could reduce oxidative stress, inhibit cell apoptosis, increase the expressions of p-Akt, p-Bad and miR-320, and decrease PTEN expression. PTEN was predicted to be the target gene for miR-320, and cell apoptosis could be promoted by inhibiting miR-320 expression. CONCLUSION ED regulates Akt/Bad/Caspase signaling cascade to reduce apoptosis and oxidative stress through up-regulating miR-320 expression and down-regulating PTEN expression, thus protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier of rats from burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Ke
- Burn and Plastic Section, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xi Bian
- Burn and Plastic Section, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Burn and Plastic Section, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bei Li
- Burn and Plastic Section, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ran Huo
- Burn and Plastic Section, Shandong Province Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jiaozhou Road, Shibei District, Qingdao, 266011, Shandong Province, China.
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19
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Suh LYK, Babu D, Tonoyan L, Reiz B, Whittal R, Tabatabaei-Dakhili SA, Morgan AG, Velázquez-Martínez CA, Siraki AG. Myeloperoxidase-mediated oxidation of edaravone produces an apparent non-toxic free radical metabolite and modulates hydrogen peroxide-mediated cytotoxicity in HL-60 cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:422-432. [PMID: 31445206 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Edaravone is considered to be a potent antioxidant drug known to scavenge free radical species and prevent free radical-induced lipid peroxidation. In this study, we investigated the effect of edaravone on the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, an enzyme responsible for the production of an array of neutrophil-derived oxidants that can cause cellular damage. The addition of edaravone to the reaction of MPO and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) significantly enhanced the reduction of MPO Compound II back to native MPO. Interestingly, the MPO-mediated production of toxic hypochlorous acid exhibited a concentration-dependent biphasic effect, with the apparent optimal edaravone concentration at 10 μM. Oxidation of edaravone by MPO was examined by various analytical methods. An MPO-catalyzed product(s) of edaravone was identified at 350 nm by kinetic analysis of UV-Vis spectroscopy. Several MPO-catalyzed metabolites of edaravone were proposed from the LC-MS analyses, including oxidized dimers from edaravone radicals. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spin trapping detected a carbon-centred radical metabolite of edaravone. NMR studies revealed that there are two exchangeable hydrogens, one of which is on the α-carbon, justifying the carbon-centred edaravone radical produced from MPO. Despite the formation of an edaravone carbon-radical metabolite, it did not appear to effectively oxidize GSH (in comparison with phenoxyl radicals). Viability (ATP) and cytotoxicity (LDH release) assays showed a concentration-dependent effect of edaravone on HL-60 cells treated with either a bolus concentration of 30 μM H2O2 or a flux of H2O2 generated by 5 mM glucose and 10 mU/mL glucose oxidase. The H2O2-induced toxicity was ameliorated at high edaravone concentrations (100-200 μM). In contrast, low concentrations of edaravone (1-10 μM) exacerbated the H2O2-induced toxicity. However, the effect of edaravone at low concentration (0-10 μM) appeared more prominent with the LDH assay only. The cellular findings correlated with the biochemical studies with respect to hypochlorous acid formation. These findings provide interesting perspectives regarding the duality of edaravone as an antioxidant drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Y K Suh
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Dinesh Babu
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Lusine Tonoyan
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Béla Reiz
- Department of Chemistry, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Randy Whittal
- Department of Chemistry, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - S Amirhossein Tabatabaei-Dakhili
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Andrew G Morgan
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Carlos A Velázquez-Martínez
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada.
| | - Arno G Siraki
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada.
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20
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Bandookwala M, Sahu AK, Thakkar D, Sharma M, Khairnar A, Sengupta P. Edaravone-caffeine combination for the effective management of rotenone induced Parkinson's disease in rats: An evidence based affirmative from a comparative analysis of behavior and biomarker expression. Neurosci Lett 2019; 711:134438. [PMID: 31422100 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Restoration of cellular microenvironment is important in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases for optimal functioning and survival of neurons. Oxidative stress has been proposed as one of the major pathogenic drivers in Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's model was developed by chronic administration of a pesticide rotenone that inhibits mitochondrial complex I resulting in generation of reactive oxygen species. In this study, our aim was to evaluate neuroprotective effect rendered by edaravone, a potent free radical scavenger in combination with caffeine, an effective inhibitor of adenosine A2A receptor as well as a proven antioxidant. Here we demonstrate that a three-week treatment with edaravone-caffeine combination was able to significantly diminish rotenone induced oxidative damage at the cellular level as well as muscle weakness and cognitive impairment generally associated with Parkinson's disease. This effect is attributable to edaravone's capability of scavenging the perxoynitrite free radical. Herein, we have assessed the levels of protein nitroxidation marker 3-nitrotyrosine in the striatum and lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde in striatum, cerebrospinal fluid, plasma and urine of rats. On the 21st day, statistical difference was observed in the striatal biomarker levels (p = 0.001) between the controls, treated and untreated groups. We discovered that when edaravone was co-administered with caffeine, the effect was more significant compared to the group solely treated with edaravone demonstrating a synergistic effect. Simultaneous therapeutic intervention with drug combination showed a pronounced decrease in oxidative damage markers as well as better muscle strength and cognition compared to the untreated groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bandookwala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Amit Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Disha Thakkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Monika Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Amit Khairnar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Pinaki Sengupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
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Effect of edaravone therapy in Korean amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Neurol Sci 2019; 41:119-123. [PMID: 31471712 PMCID: PMC7223963 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by free radicals has been implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Edaravone (also known as MCI-186), a free radical scavenger, was approved as an ALS treatment in 2015 in Japan. However, the therapeutic effects of edaravone on patients with ALS outside of Japan are not yet reported. This study aims to investigate effects of edaravone on ALS patients in the Korean population. The study included 22 patients with ALS who were treated with edaravone. Of the 16 patients who finished six cycles of treatment, a mean decline of ALSFRS-R after the treatments was 5.75 ± 6.07 points and the average change of FVC was − 8.7 ± 17.0%. Patients experienced only minor adverse events. This study reports on the open-label study of edaravone on patients in Korea for ALS patients, which showed a modest effect of edaravone in this population of ALS patients.
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22
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Fortuna A, Gizzi M, Bello L, Martinelli I, Bertolin C, Pegoraro E, Corbetta M, Sorarù G. Safety and efficacy of edaravone compared to historical controls in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from North-Eastern Italy. J Neurol Sci 2019; 404:47-51. [PMID: 31325668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test efficacy and tolerability of edaravone in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) originating from North-Eastern Italy. METHODS We compared 3-month and 6-month changes of ALSFRS-R score, FVC value, and MRC score of 31 consecutive patients with ALS who were treated with edaravone to those of 50 historical ALS patients who were not treated with edaravone. RESULTS No significant difference for any functional measures was found between the two groups at each time point as compared to baseline. In treated patients, we also observed creatinine values to significantly decrease at 3 and 6 months (p = 0.0078 and 0.030, respectively) and ALSAQ5 score to significantly increase (i.e. worse quality of life) at 3 and 6 months (p = 0.0005 and 0.0078, respectively). Yet, we observed an overall safety of the medication over the 6-month period of observation. CONCLUSIONS Our retrospective study suggests no benefit of edaravone on ALS in populations of Caucasian ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fortuna
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Gizzi
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Bello
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Martinelli
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bertolin
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Gianni Sorarù
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy.
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Renjen P, Garg S, Chaudhari D, Mishra A, Kumar A, Pradhan R. Edaravone: A new hope for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. APOLLO MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/am.am_48_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Nicholson K, Chan J, Macklin EA, Levine‐Weinberg M, Breen C, Bakshi R, Grasso DL, Wills A, Jahandideh S, Taylor AA, Beaulieu D, Ennist DL, Andronesi O, Ratai E, Schwarzschild MA, Cudkowicz M, Paganoni S. Pilot trial of inosine to elevate urate levels in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2018; 5:1522-1533. [PMID: 30564619 PMCID: PMC6292193 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the safety, tolerability, and urate-elevating capability of the urate precursor inosine taken orally or by feeding tube in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS This was a pilot, open-label trial in 25 participants with ALS. Treatment duration was 12 weeks. The dose of inosine was titrated at pre-specified time points to elevate serum urate levels to 7-8 mg/dL. Primary outcomes were safety (as assessed by the occurrence of adverse events [AEs]) and tolerability (defined as the ability to complete the 12-week study on study drug). Secondary outcomes included biomarkers of oxidative stress and damage. As an exploratory analysis, observed outcomes were compared with a virtual control arm built using prediction algorithms to estimate ALSFRS-R scores. RESULTS Twenty-four out of 25 participants (96%) completed 12 weeks of study drug treatment. One participant was unable to comply with study visits and was lost to follow-up. Serum urate rose to target levels in 6 weeks. No serious AEs attributed to study drug and no AEs of special concern, such as urolithiasis and gout, occurred. Selected biomarkers of oxidative stress and damage had significant changes during the study period. Observed changes in ALSFRS-R did not differ from baseline predictions. INTERPRETATION Inosine appeared safe, well tolerated, and effective in raising serum urate levels in people with ALS. These findings, together with epidemiological observations and preclinical data supporting a neuroprotective role of urate in ALS models, provide the rationale for larger clinical trials testing inosine as a potential disease-modifying therapy for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Nicholson
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI)Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)BostonMassachusetts
| | - James Chan
- MGH Biostatistics CenterBostonMassachusetts
| | | | - Mark Levine‐Weinberg
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI)Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)BostonMassachusetts
| | - Christopher Breen
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI)Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)BostonMassachusetts
| | - Rachit Bakshi
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseBostonMassachusetts
| | - Daniela L. Grasso
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI)Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)BostonMassachusetts
| | - Anne‐Marie Wills
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI)Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)BostonMassachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Ovidiu Andronesi
- MGH Department of RadiologyA. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical ImagingBostonMassachusetts
| | - Eva‐Maria Ratai
- MGH Department of RadiologyA. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical ImagingBostonMassachusetts
| | | | - Merit Cudkowicz
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI)Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)BostonMassachusetts
| | - Sabrina Paganoni
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI)Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)BostonMassachusetts
- Spaulding Rehabilitation HospitalBostonMassachusetts
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25
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Efficacy and safety of edaravone in treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2018; 40:235-241. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-018-3653-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Studies towards iodine-catalyzed dehydrative-cycloisomerization of pent-4-yne-1,2-diols to di- and tri-substituted furans. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Yamaguchi J, Nagase M, Yamamoto Y, Sakurai A, Kubo A, Mitsuhashi H, Matsuoka M, Ihara S, Kinoshita K. Increased oxidative stress and renal injury in patients with sepsis. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2018; 63:137-143. [PMID: 30279625 PMCID: PMC6160724 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of death in intensive care units. The early phase of sepsis is characterized by a massive formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species such as superoxide and nitric oxide. However, few comprehensive studies on plasma antioxidants have been reported. Increased oxidative stress was confirmed in sepsis patients (n = 18) at the time of hospitalization by a significant decrease in plasma ascorbic acid and a significant increase in the percentage of oxidized form of coenzyme Q10 in total coenzyme Q10 compared to age-matched healthy controls (n = 62). Tissue oxidative damage in patients was suggested by a significant decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acid contents and a significant increase in oleic acid contents in total free fatty acids. Thus, it is reasonable that plasma uric acid (end product of purines) would be significantly elevated. However, uric acid levels were continuously decreased during hospitalization for 7 days, indicating a continuous formation of peroxynitrite. A greater decrease in free cholesterol (FC) compared to cholesterol esters (CE) was observed. Thus, the FC/CE ratio significantly increased, suggesting deficiency of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase secreted from the liver. Plasma levels of prosaposin, a coenzyme Q10 binding protein, significantly decreased as compared to healthy controls. This may be correlated with renal injury in sepsis patients, since the kidney is thought to be a major secretor of prosaposin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Yamaguchi
- Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Acute Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Midori Nagase
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Yorihiro Yamamoto
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sakurai
- Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Acute Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Airi Kubo
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Hikaru Mitsuhashi
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Masaru Matsuoka
- Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Acute Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Shingo Ihara
- Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Acute Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kosaku Kinoshita
- Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Acute Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
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28
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Okada M, Yamashita S, Ueyama H, Ishizaki M, Maeda Y, Ando Y. Long-term effects of edaravone on survival of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. eNeurologicalSci 2018; 11:11-14. [PMID: 29928711 PMCID: PMC6006910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Edaravone, a free radical scavenger, was approved as a therapeutic drug for ALS in 2015 in Japan. A phase 3 clinical trial demonstrated a smaller decline in ALS functional scale scores compared with placebo. However, the long-term effects of edaravone on ALS patients remain unclear. This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the long-term effects of edaravone on the survival of ALS patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 27 consecutive patients with ALS who were treated with edaravone and 30 consecutive ALS patients who were not treated with edaravone between 2010 and 2016. Results The differences of ALSFRS-R scores from baseline to 6 months was significantly reduced in the edaravone group, compared to the control group. The changes in serum creatinine, as a possible marker of ALS severity, from baseline to 6 and 12 months were significantly improved in the edaravone group, compared to the control group. The survival rate was significantly improved in the edaravone group compared with control patients. Conclusion Our retrospective single-center analysis suggests slower progression and better prognosis of ALS patients with edaravone treatment. Further investigation, including prospective multicenter analysis, is warranted to confirm the usefulness of edaravone for a better prognosis of ALS. We retrospectively investigate the effects of edaravone on ALS patients. The differences of ALSFRS-R scores were reduced in the edaravone group. The changes in serum creatinine were improved in the edaravone group. The survival rate was improved in the edaravone group. A prospective multicenter analysis is warranted to confirm usefulness of edaravone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Okada
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Kumamoto Saishunso National Hospital, Koshi, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Ueyama
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Kumamoto Saishunso National Hospital, Koshi, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishizaki
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Kumamoto Saishunso National Hospital, Koshi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Maeda
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Kumamoto Saishunso National Hospital, Koshi, Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Watanabe K, Tanaka M, Yuki S, Hirai M, Yamamoto Y. How is edaravone effective against acute ischemic stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? J Clin Biochem Nutr 2017; 62:20-38. [PMID: 29371752 PMCID: PMC5773834 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Edaravone is a low-molecular-weight antioxidant drug targeting peroxyl radicals among many types of reactive oxygen species. Because of its amphiphilicity, it scavenges both lipid- and water-soluble peroxyl radicals by donating an electron to the radical. Thus, it inhibits the oxidation of lipids by scavenging chain-initiating water-soluble peroxyl radicals and chain-carrying lipid peroxyl radicals. In 2001, it was approved in Japan as a drug to treat acute-phase cerebral infarction, and then in 2015 it was approved for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration also approved edaravone for treatment of patients with ALS. Its mechanism of action was inferred to be scavenging of peroxynitrite. In this review, we focus on the radical-scavenging characteristics of edaravone in comparison with some other antioxidants that have been studied in clinical trials, and we summarize its pharmacological action and clinical efficacy in patients with acute cerebral infarction and ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Watanabe
- Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama 227-0033, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tanaka
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji 192-0982, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yuki
- Ikuyaku. Integrated Value Development Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 17-10 Nihonbashi-Koamicho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8405, Japan
| | - Manabu Hirai
- Ikuyaku. Integrated Value Development Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 3-2-10 Dosho-machi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8505, Japan
| | - Yorihiro Yamamoto
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji 192-0982, Japan
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30
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Takei K, Watanabe K, Yuki S, Akimoto M, Sakata T, Palumbo J. Edaravone and its clinical development for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2017; 18:5-10. [DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2017.1353101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takei
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Development America, Jersey City, NJ, USA and
| | | | - Satoshi Yuki
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Joseph Palumbo
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Development America, Jersey City, NJ, USA and
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Sawada H. Clinical efficacy of edaravone for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2017; 18:735-738. [PMID: 28406335 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2017.1319937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal, neurodegenerative disease. Although the pathogenesis remains unresolved, oxidative stress is known to play a pivotal role. Edaravone works in the central nervous system as a potent scavenger of oxygen radicals. In ALS mouse models, edaravone suppresses motor functional decline and nitration of tyrosine residues in the cerebrospinal fluid. Areas covered: Three clinical trials, one phase II open-label trial, and two phase III placebo-control randomized trials were reviewed. In all trials, the primary outcome measure was the changes in scores on the revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) to evaluate motor function of patients. Expert opinion: The phase II open label trial suggested that edaravone is safe and effective in ALS, markedly reducing 3-nitrotyrosine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. One of the two randomized controlled trials showed beneficial effects in ALSFRS-R, although the differences were not significant. The last trial demonstrated that edaravone provided significant efficacy in ALSFRS-R scores over 24 weeks where concomitant use of riluzole was permitted. Eligibility was restricted to patients with a relatively short disease duration and preserved vital capacity. Therefore, combination therapy with edaravone and riluzole should be considered earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Sawada
- a Department of Neurology , Utano National Hospital , Kyoto , Japan
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32
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Sugimura N, Furuya A, Yatsu T, Igarashi Y, Aoyama R, Izutani C, Yamamoto Y, Shibue T. Observed adducts on positive mode direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry - Proton/ammonium adduct selectivities of 600-sample in-house chemical library. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2017; 23:4-10. [PMID: 28657446 DOI: 10.1177/1469066717693851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, direct analysis in real time adduct selectivities of a 558 in-house high-resolution mass spectrometry sample library was evaluated. The protonated molecular ion ([M + H]+) was detected in 462 samples. The ammonium adduct ion ([M + NH4]+) was also detected in 262 samples. [M + H]+ and [M + NH4]+ molecular ions were observed simultaneously in 166 samples. These adduct selectivities were related to the elemental compositions of the sample compounds. [M + NH4]+ selectivity correlated with the number of oxygen atom(s), whereas [M + H]+ selectivity correlated with the number of nitrogen atom(s) in the elemental compositions. For compounds including a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom [M + H]+ was detected; [M + NH4]+ was detected for compounds including an oxygen atom only. Density functional theory calculations were performed for selected library samples and model compounds. Energy differences were observed between compounds detected as [M + H]+ and [M + NH4]+, and between compounds including a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom in their elemental compositions. The results suggested that the presence of oxygen atoms stabilizes [M + NH4]+, but not every oxygen atom has enough energy for detection of [M + NH4]+. It was concluded that the nitrogen atom(s) and oxygen atom(s) in the elemental compositions play important roles in the adduct formation in direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuhiko Sugimura
- 1 Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asami Furuya
- 1 Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yatsu
- 1 Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Igarashi
- 1 Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Aoyama
- 1 Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisato Izutani
- 1 Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yorihiro Yamamoto
- 2 School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Shibue
- 1 Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamamoto Y. Plasma marker of tissue oxidative damage and edaravone as a scavenger drug against peroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 60:49-54. [PMID: 28163382 PMCID: PMC5281530 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.16-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The percentage of the plasma oxidized form of coenzyme Q10 in the total amount of coenzyme Q10 (%CoQ10) is a useful marker of oxidative stress in the circulation. Plasma free fatty acids and their composition can be used as markers of tissue oxidative damage, as demonstrated in patients suffering from a wide variety of diseases and in humans and rats under oxidative stress. Edaravone was approved for the treatment of stroke in Japan in 2001 and its mechanism of action is based on scavenging lipid peroxyl radicals. In 2015, edaravone was also approved for the treatment of ALS patients. Edaravone functions therapeutically as a scavenger of peroxynitrite, as demonstrated by the finding that its administration raises plasma uric acid levels and decreases 3-nitrotyrosine in cerebrospinal fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorihiro Yamamoto
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982 Japan
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34
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Morita M, Naito Y, Yoshikawa T, Niki E. Inhibition of plasma lipid oxidation induced by peroxyl radicals, peroxynitrite, hypochlorite, 15-lipoxygenase, and singlet oxygen by clinical drugs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5411-5417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Nagase M, Yamamoto Y, Miyazaki Y, Yoshino H. Increased oxidative stress in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and the effect of edaravone administration. Redox Rep 2016; 21:104-12. [PMID: 26191780 DOI: 10.1179/1351000215y.0000000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND METHODS Compared to age-matched healthy controls (n = 55), patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (n = 26) showed increased oxidative stress as indicated by a significantly increased percentage of oxidized coenzyme Q10 (%CoQ10) in total plasma coenzyme Q10, a significantly decreased level of plasma uric acid, and a significantly decreased percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in total plasma free fatty acids (FFA). Therefore, the efficacy of edaravone, a radical scavenger, in these ALS patients was examined. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Among 26 ALS patients, 17 received edaravone (30 mg/day, one to four times a week) for at least 3 months, and 13 continued for 6 months. Changes in revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) were significantly smaller in these patients than in edaravone-untreated ALS patients (n = 19). Edaravone administration significantly reduced excursions of more than one standard deviation from the mean for plasma FFA levels and the contents of palmitoleic and oleic acids, plasma markers of tissue oxidative damage, in the satisfactory progress group (ΔALSFRS-R ≥ 0) as compared to the ingravescent group (ΔALSFRS-R < -5). Edaravone treatment increased plasma uric acid, suggesting that it is an effective scavenger of peroxynitrite. However, edaravone administration did not decrease %CoQ10. Therefore, combined treatment with agents such as coenzyme Q10 may further reduce oxidative stress in ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Nagase
- a School of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Tokyo University of Technology , 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji 192-0982 , Japan
| | - Yorihiro Yamamoto
- a School of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Tokyo University of Technology , 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji 192-0982 , Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- a School of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Tokyo University of Technology , 1404-1 Katakura-cho, Hachioji 192-0982 , Japan
| | - Hiide Yoshino
- b Yoshino Neurology Clinic , 3-3-16 Khonodai, Ichikawa 272-0827 , Chiba , Japan
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