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Dolafi Rezaee M, Dahal B, Watt J, Abrar M, Hodges DR, Li W. Structural, Electrical, and Optical Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Synthesized through Floating Catalyst Chemical Vapor Deposition. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:965. [PMID: 38869591 PMCID: PMC11173810 DOI: 10.3390/nano14110965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) thin films were synthesized by using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) method with a low flow rate (200 sccm) of mixed gases (Ar and H2). SWCNT thin films with different thicknesses can be prepared by controlling the collection time of the SWCNTs on membrane filters. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the SWCNTs formed bundles and that they had an average diameter of 1.46 nm. The Raman spectra of the SWCNT films suggested that the synthesized SWCNTs were very well crystallized. Although the electrical properties of SWCNTs have been widely studied so far, the Hall effect of SWCNTs has not been fully studied to explore the electrical characteristics of SWCNT thin films. In this research, Hall effect measurements have been performed to investigate the important electrical characteristics of SWCNTs, such as their carrier mobility, carrier density, Hall coefficient, conductivity, and sheet resistance. The samples with transmittance between 95 and 43% showed a high carrier density of 1021-1023 cm-3. The SWCNTs were also treated using Brønsted acids (HCl, HNO3, H2SO4) to enhance their electrical properties. After the acid treatments, the samples maintained their p-type nature. The carrier mobility and conductivity increased, and the sheet resistance decreased for all treated samples. The highest mobility of 1.5 cm2/Vs was obtained with the sulfuric acid treatment at 80 °C, while the highest conductivity (30,720 S/m) and lowest sheet resistance (43 ohm/square) were achieved with the nitric acid treatment at room temperature. Different functional groups were identified in our synthesized SWCNTs before and after the acid treatments using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melorina Dolafi Rezaee
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (M.D.R.); (B.D.)
| | - Biplav Dahal
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (M.D.R.); (B.D.)
| | - John Watt
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA;
| | - Mahir Abrar
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA; (M.A.); (D.R.H.)
| | - Deidra R. Hodges
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA; (M.A.); (D.R.H.)
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (M.D.R.); (B.D.)
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Golovakhin V, Kim EY, Novgorodtseva ON, Maksimovskiy EA, Ukhina AV, Ishchenko AV, Bannov AG. Treatment of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Dichromic Acid: Oxidation and Appearance of Intercalation. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:729. [PMID: 37623790 PMCID: PMC10456443 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
This work is dedicated to the study of the treatment of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with dichromic acid. The dichromic acid was formed by dissolving different concentrations of CrO3 in water. The effect of the concentration of dichromic acid on the change in texture characteristics, elemental composition, defectiveness, graphitization degree, and surface chemistry of MWCNTs was investigated using various analytical techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Testing of MWCNTs as electrodes for supercapacitors in 3.5 M H2SO4 solution was carried out using cyclic voltammetry. A decrease in the average diameter of CNTs after treatment was found. The EDX and XPS showed that the oxygen content on the surface of MWCNTs increased after treatment with dichromic acid. The formation of Cr2O3 after treatment with dichromic acid was detected by XPS. High angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the intercalation of the chromium-containing compound between graphene layers of MWCNTs after treatment with dichromic acid. It was found that two different types of MWCNTs showed diverse behavior after treatment. The highest specific capacitance of the MWCNTs after treatment was 141 F g-1 (at 2 mV s-1) compared to 0.3 F g-1 for the untreated sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy Golovakhin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (V.G.); (E.Y.K.); (O.N.N.)
| | - Ekaterina Yu. Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (V.G.); (E.Y.K.); (O.N.N.)
| | - Oksana N. Novgorodtseva
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (V.G.); (E.Y.K.); (O.N.N.)
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630092 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Evgene A. Maksimovskiy
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Arina V. Ukhina
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630092 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Arcady V. Ishchenko
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Alexander G. Bannov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (V.G.); (E.Y.K.); (O.N.N.)
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Kim J, Park DB, Hong Choi J, Jo M, Kim S, Oh P, Son Y. Synthesis of Highly Dispersible Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes as Conductive Material through a Facile Drying Process for High-Power Lithium-ion Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202201924. [PMID: 36513946 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, surface-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were successfully synthesized by dry ball milling that facilitates industrial application. The optimal conditions were determined by analyzing the physicochemical characteristics of CNTs, including the content of the carboxyl group (-COOH) induced on the surface of CNTs by co-existing dry ice based on the ball milling time. Among them, 30 s ball milling (CNTs-30s) showed a high dispersibility in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) while retaining most carboxyl groups and maintaining the intrinsic high conductivity. In the evaluation of rate capability and 5 C/5 C cyclability applied to the Li1+x (Ni1-y-z Coy Mnz )1-x O2 with 60 % Ni (NCM622) cathode, CNTs-30s showed excellent performance based on a well-formed conductive network. Regarding improved dispersion properties and electrochemical performance, the optimal surface functionalization conditions, dispersibility, and electrode properties according to the processing time were analyzed; based on these, the correlation with electrochemical performance was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiseong Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Bin Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong Choi
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyoung National University, 48547, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Pukyoung National University, 48547, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minki Jo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhui Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilgun Oh
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyoung National University, 48547, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Pukyoung National University, 48547, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkook Son
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Cai J, Yan Y, Wang W, Ma Y, Cai L, Wu L, Zhou H. Detection of formic acid and acetic acid gases by a QCM sensor coated with an acidified multi-walled carbon nanotube membrane. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:751-761. [PMID: 34582318 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1983025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the acidified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) film was coated on the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to prepare a high-performance sensor for the real-time detection of organic acid gases. The material characteristics of the thin films were analysed by field emission scanning electro microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The organic acid vapours' sensing results indicated that acidized-MWCNTs thin film exhibited good frequency response, repeatability, reversibility and stability. There is a clear linear relationship between the frequency offset and the organic acid vapours with concentration below 5.0 ppm, and the detection limit of 0.77 and 0.73 ppm for formic and acetic acid vapours, respectively. The sensor shows the highest response to formic acid vapour than acetic acid vapour which may be ascribed to molecular polarity. Furthermore, a sensing mechanism model was introduced to understand the adsorption reaction between organic acid molecules and acidized-MWCNTs. This paper proves that acidized-MWCNTs is a potential and suitable material for organic acid vapour detection when combined with a QCM sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Cai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Corrosion Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lankun Cai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Laiming Wu
- Shanghai Museum, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Shanghai Museum, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Abdullah TA, Juzsakova T, Le PC, Kułacz K, Salman AD, Rasheed RT, Mallah MA, Varga B, Mansoor H, Mako E, Zsirka B, Nadda AK, Nguyen XC, Nguyen DD. Poly-NIPAM/Fe 3O 4/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites for kerosene removal from water. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119372. [PMID: 35533957 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were oxidized using a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3, and the oxidized MWCNTS were decorated with magnetite (Fe3O4). Finally, poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-butyl acrylate (P-NIPAM) was added to obtain P-NIPAM/Fe/MWCNT nanocomposites. The nanosorbents were characterized by various techniques, including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The P-NIPAM/Fe/MWCNT nanocomposites exhibited increased surface hydrophobicity. Owing to their higher adsorption capacity, their kerosene removal efficiency was 95%; by contrast, the as-prepared, oxidized, and magnetite-decorated MWCNTs had removal efficiencies of 45%, 55%, and 68%, respectively. The P-NIPAM/Fe/MWCNT nanocomposites exhibited a sorbent capacity of 8.1 g/g for kerosene removal from water. The highest kerosene removal efficiency from water was obtained at a process time of 45 min, sorbent dose of 0.005 g, solution temperature of 40 °C, and pH 3.5. The P-NIPAM/Fe/MWCNTs showed excellent stability after four cycles of kerosene removal from water followed by regeneration. The reason may be the increase in the positive charge of the polymer at pH 3.5 and the increased adsorption affinity of the adsorbent toward the kerosene contaminant. The pseudo second-order model was found to be the most suitable model for studying the kinetics of the adsorption reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamer Adnan Abdullah
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Bio-Environmental and Chemical Engineering Research and Development Center, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary; Chemistry Branch, Applied Sciences Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Tatjána Juzsakova
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Bio-Environmental and Chemical Engineering Research and Development Center, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Phuoc-Cuong Le
- The University of Danang-University of Science and Technology, Danang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Karol Kułacz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ali D Salman
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Bio-Environmental and Chemical Engineering Research and Development Center, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Rashed T Rasheed
- Chemistry Branch, Applied Sciences Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Muhammad Ali Mallah
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Bela Varga
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Bio-Environmental and Chemical Engineering Research and Development Center, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Hadeel Mansoor
- Material Branch, Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Eva Mako
- Department of Materials Engineering, Research Center for Engineering Sciences, University of Pannonia, H-8210 Veszprem, POB. 1158, Hungary
| | - Balázs Zsirka
- Research Group of Analytical Chemistry/Laboratory for Surfaces and Nanostructures, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 158, Veszprem, 8201, Hungary
| | - Ashok Kumar Nadda
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 234, India
| | - X Cuong Nguyen
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - D Duc Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, HCM City 755414, Viet Nam; Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 442-760, Republic of Korea.
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Song G, Li A, Shi Y, Li W, Wang H, Wang C, Li R, Ding G. Sorptive removal of methylene blue from water by magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotube composites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:41268-41282. [PMID: 33779907 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, five magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MMWCNTs) with different diameters were prepared and their performance on the sorptive removal of methylene blue (MB) from water was investigated. Transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometer confirm that the surface of these MMWCNTs has been decorated by Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which renders the MMWCNTs superparamagnetic. Thus, these MMWCNTs can be easily separated from water after the adsorption. During the adsorption process, pH slightly affected the removal efficiency of MB and the adsorption performed better under weak alkaline conditions. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, and the Dubinin-Radushkevich model fitted the isotherms best. The maximum adsorption capacity for MB reached 204.2 mg/g, and the values decreased with increasing diameters of MMWCNTs due to decreasing specific surface areas. The thermodynamics parameters indicated the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption. The reusability test showed that MMWCNTs could be used for 6 cycles without significant loss of the adsorption capacity. And common ions (K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Al3+) and SDS in water did not show greatly effects on the removal efficiency of MB. Hence, MMWCNTs prepared in this study could be promising adsorbents for dyes removal from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobin Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanran Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Haonan Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunchao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijuan Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Ding
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, People's Republic of China.
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Vapor Phase Modification for Selective Enrichment of Grafted Styrene/Acrylonitrile onto Carbon Nanotubes Via ATRP. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9030459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric acid vapor phase oxidation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was proposed as a promising technique to fabricate poly styrene-co-acrylonitrile (SAN)-grafted-CNTs via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The in-situ ATRP grafting approach was successfully employed to graft polystyrene (PS), SAN and polyacrylonitrile (PAN), onto the convex surfaces of pristine MWCNTs (PCNT) and acid-functionalized MWCNTs (FCNT). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed the effectiveness of the modification via the ATRP grafting approach. The molar composition of acrylonitrile in the synthesized copolymer on the surface of CNTs for an FCNTs was calculated to be about 80% and 67.5% by 1H-NMR and TGA respectively, whereas the value is lower for PCNTs. Morphological studies showed that SAN-grafted FCNTs exhibit rougher surface morphology compared to the SAN-grafted PCNTs. Moreover, the higher diameter of the FCNTs indicated the higher polymer content, which was coated onto CNTs functionalized by vapor-phase oxidation. Therefore, the vapor phase oxidation strategy employed in this study could be utilized as a general method to prepare CNTs which can serve as an ATRP macroinitiator for the fabrication of various polymer grafted CNTs.
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Stainless steel weld metal enhanced with carbon nanotubes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17977. [PMID: 33087806 PMCID: PMC7578026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to establish the most indicated route to manufacture a nanostructured powder composed of 5 wt% Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes and 304LSS powder. Four specimens were prepared using Mechanical Alloying and Chemical Treatment (CT) with Hydrogen Peroxide (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$\end{document}H2O2) as the main processes. A thermal treatment post-processing was used in half of the samples to remove the remaining amorphous carbon and to evaluate its effects. Regarding the powder analysis, attachment, amorphous carbon degree, crystallinity, and doping of the CNT throughout the metal matrix were investigated. The nanostructured powders were then inserted as a core in a 304LSS tubular rod to perform the arc welding process. The CT route eliminated the amorphous carbon and generated more refiner grains, which provided a cross-section hardness gain of more than 40% regarding the 304LSS joint. In summary, the CT route, combined with the GTAW process, provided a new method for nanocomposite manufacturing by combining shorter preparation steps, obtaining an improvement in the microstructural and hardness performance.
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Parmar KR, Dora DTK, Pant KK, Roy S. An ultra-light flexible aerogel-based on methane derived CNTs as a reinforcing agent in silica-CMC matrix for efficient oil adsorption. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 375:206-215. [PMID: 31071618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo shaped multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes were synthesized by the thermo-catalytic decomposition of methane in a modified chemical vapour deposition reactor. The prepared carbon nanotubes were reinforced in the mero-hydrophobic carboxymethyl cellulose and silica matrix for the preparation of low density, highly flexible aerogel. The synthesized aerogel exhibited a large specific surface area and uniform pore structure as confirmed by the nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis. The water contact angle of 148.8° for the aerogel demonstrated that the synthesized aerogels were superhydrophobic in nature. The performance of aerogels was tested for the adsorption of singer oil and motor oil. Investigations revealed that aerogel can adsorb more than 28 times its weight effectively. Moreover, the adsorbed oil can be recovered by mechanical squeezing owing to its flexible nature. In addition, the aerogel could maintain its oil adsorption capacity even after 5 regeneration cycles, demonstrating superior recyclability. The peculiar properties - outstanding flexibility and superhydrophobicity exhibited by the aerogels establish them as a proficient and recyclable oil adsorbents during the oil seepage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushal R Parmar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - D T K Dora
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - K K Pant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
| | - S Roy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
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Turkani VS, Maddipatla D, Narakathu BB, Saeed TS, Obare SO, Bazuin BJ, Atashbar MZ. A highly sensitive printed humidity sensor based on a functionalized MWCNT/HEC composite for flexible electronics application. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:2311-2322. [PMID: 36131982 PMCID: PMC9419184 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00179d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A novel functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (FMWCNT)/hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) composite-based humidity sensor was successfully developed for humidity monitoring applications. FMWCNTs were synthesized by covalently functionalizing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid to enhance their hydrophilicity. The FMWCNTs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and dispersion analysis to verify the presence of functional hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. A FMWCNT/HEC (1 : 6 w/w) composite ink was formulated using the solution blending technique with 2.5 wt% FMWCNTs. A multi-layered humidity sensor was fabricated using additive print manufacturing processes on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. Screen printing and gravure printing processes were used to deposit the bottom silver (Ag) electrode and FWMCNT/HEC sensing layers, respectively. The capability of the fabricated humidity sensor was investigated by measuring its resistive response towards relative humidity (RH) varying from 20% RH to 80% RH. As the RH was increased from 20% RH to 80% RH in steps of 10% RH at 25 °C, it was observed that the resistance of the printed sensor increased linearly. The printed sensor demonstrated resistance changes as high as ≈290% at 80% RH, when compared to its base resistance at 20% RH. A sensitivity and a response time of 0.048/%RH and ≈20 s were obtained for the printed sensor, respectively. The results thus demonstrated the feasibility of employing additive print manufacturing processes to develop a highly sensitive sensor for humidity monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram S Turkani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University 4601 Campus Drive Kalamazoo Michigan-49008 USA +1 269 276 3148
| | - Dinesh Maddipatla
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University 4601 Campus Drive Kalamazoo Michigan-49008 USA +1 269 276 3148
| | - Binu B Narakathu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University 4601 Campus Drive Kalamazoo Michigan-49008 USA +1 269 276 3148
| | - Tahseen S Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University 1903 Western Michigan Avenue Kalamazoo Michigan-49008 USA
| | - Sherine O Obare
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University 1903 Western Michigan Avenue Kalamazoo Michigan-49008 USA
| | - Bradley J Bazuin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University 4601 Campus Drive Kalamazoo Michigan-49008 USA +1 269 276 3148
| | - Massood Z Atashbar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University 4601 Campus Drive Kalamazoo Michigan-49008 USA +1 269 276 3148
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13
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Dlamini NL, Mukaya HE, Van Zyl RL, Jansen van Vuuren NC, Mbianda XY. Carbon nanospheres conjugated bisphosphonates: synthesis, characterization and in vitro antimalarial activity. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 46:S287-S296. [PMID: 30648446 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1491481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
About 40% of the world's population lives in malaria zones where it presents a challenging health problem. Malaria treatment and prevention have been hindered by drug resistance. Bisphosphonates have been found to be active against Trypanosoma cruzi and Plasmodium falciparum that cause Chaga's disease and malaria respectively. However, bisphosphonates have a shortcoming of being rapidly removed from the bloodstream through the kidneys before reaching the target sites due to their low molecular weight. In the current study, increased bisphosphonates' efficacy for malaria treatment was attempted by conjugating bisphosphonates onto carbon nanospheres (CNSs). The synthesis of the target compounds was confirmed by SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, Raman and TGA. The target CNSs containing bisphosphonates were evaluated for antimalarial activity against a chloroquine-resistant strain of P. falciparum. From the free bisphosphonates to the conjugates, the results obtained revealed that there were improvements in percentage parasite kill (from -10.71% to 18%, -18.93% to 28.09% and 10.47% to 28.33% for alendronate, pamidronate and neridronate, respectively). The haemolysis assays revealed that the synthesized compound did not have a toxic impact on healthy red blood cells. The results indicate that bisphosphonates conjugated CNSs are said to be promising P. falciparum blood stage inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Dlamini
- a Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Johannesburg , Johannesburg , Republic of South Africa
| | - H E Mukaya
- a Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Johannesburg , Johannesburg , Republic of South Africa
| | - R L Van Zyl
- b Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Health Sciences , WITS Institute for Malaria (WRIM) , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , Republic of South Africa
| | - N C Jansen van Vuuren
- b Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Health Sciences , WITS Institute for Malaria (WRIM) , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , Republic of South Africa
| | - X Y Mbianda
- a Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Johannesburg , Johannesburg , Republic of South Africa
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Bhakta AK, Detriche S, Kumari S, Hussain S, Martis P, Mascarenhas RJ, Delhalle J, Mekhalif Z. Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes Decorated with Bismuth Oxide Nanocrystals Using Infrared Irradiation and Diazonium Chemistry. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-018-0800-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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