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Alhodieb FS, Barkat MA, Barkat HA, Hadi HA, Khan MI, Ashfaq F, Rahman MA, Hassan MZ, Alanezi AA. Chitosan-modified nanocarriers as carriers for anticancer drug delivery: Promises and hurdles. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:457-469. [PMID: 35798082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of drug delivery, various polymeric materials are being explored to fabricate numerous nanocarriers. Each polymer is associated with a few characteristics attributes which further facilitate its usage in drug delivery. One such polymer is chitosan (CS), which is extensively employed to deliver a variety of drugs to various targets, especially to cancer cells. The desired properties like biological origin, bio-adhesive, biocompatibility, the scope of chemical modification, biodegradability and controlled drug release make it a highly rough after polymer in pharmaceutical nanotechnology. The present review attempts to compile various chemical modifications on CS and showcase the outcomes of the derived nanocarriers, especially in cancer chemotherapy and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Saad Alhodieb
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Arrass, Qassim University, P.O. BOX:6666, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Md Abul Barkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Al Jamiah, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Harshita Abul Barkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Al Jamiah, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; Dermatopharmaceutics Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang 25200, Malaysia.
| | - Hazrina Ab Hadi
- Dermatopharmaceutics Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang 25200, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Idreesh Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Arrass, Qassim University, P.O. BOX:6666, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fauzia Ashfaq
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Mohd Zaheen Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulkareem A Alanezi
- Department of Pharmaceuics, College of pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Al Jamiah, Hafr Al-Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Song Y, Hu C, Fu Y, Gao H. Modulating the blood–brain tumor barrier for improving drug delivery efficiency and efficacy. VIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Chuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University Chengdu P. R. China
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Small interfering RNA (siRNA) to target genes and molecular pathways in glioblastoma therapy: Current status with an emphasis on delivery systems. Life Sci 2021; 275:119368. [PMID: 33741417 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the worst brain tumors arising from glial cells, causing many deaths annually. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy are used for GBM treatment. However, GBM is still an incurable disease, and new approaches are required for its successful treatment. Because mutations and amplifications occurring in several genes are responsible for the progression and aggressive behavior of GBM cells, genetic approaches are of great importance in its treatment. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a new emerging tool to silence the genes responsible for disease progression, particularly cancer. SiRNA can be used for GBM treatment by down-regulating genes such as VEGF, STAT3, ELTD1 or EGFR. Furthermore, the use of siRNA can promote the chemosensitivity of GBM cells. However, the efficiency of siRNA in GBM is limited via its degradation by enzymes, and its off-targeting effects. SiRNA-loaded carriers, especially nanovehicles that are ligand-functionalized by CXCR4 or angiopep-2, can be used for the protection and targeted delivery of siRNA. Nanostructures can provide a platform for co-delivery of siRNA plus anti-tumor drugs as another benefit. The prepared nanovehicles should be stable and biocompatible in order to be tested in human studies.
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Li H, Fu C, Miao X, Li Q, Zhang J, Yang H, Liu T, Chen X, Xie M. Multifunctional magnetic co-delivery system coated with polymer mPEG-PLL-FA for nasopharyngeal cancer targeted therapy and MR imaging. J Biomater Appl 2017; 31:1169-1181. [PMID: 28185478 DOI: 10.1177/0885328217692964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The gene and drug co-delivery system has become one of the primary strategies to overcome cancers. Here, we designed a multifunctional magnetic co-delivery system for nasopharyngeal carcinoma-targeted therapy and MR imaging. Aldehyde sodium alginate (ASA) was used to decorate the oxide iron and load cisplain through coordinate bond to form a core complex. The polymer shell poly(l-lysine)-methoxy-polyethylene glycol-folate was used to coat the core complex through electric interaction to give this nano-medicine a target ability. And this polymer could also give the nano-medicine abilities to adhere and protect DNA, and enhance its solubleness in water. After being transfected with this nano-medicine, the plasmids which contain cancer suppressor gene TFPI2 could enter and express in HNE-1 cells. It caused a higher death and apoptosis rate, inhibited nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells' migration and cloning by the synergic effect together with cisplain. Besides, clear images of this nano-medicine could be got under T2 MR imaging. This magnetic co-delivery system demonstrates a potential as a powerful multifunctional vector for drug delivery and gene vector applications in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Li
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoping Fu
- 2 Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangwan Miao
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanming Li
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huikang Yang
- 3 Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- 4 Department of Anaesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minqiang Xie
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Malhotra M, Toulouse A, Godinho BMDC, Mc Carthy DJ, Cryan JF, O'Driscoll CM. RNAi therapeutics for brain cancer: current advancements in RNAi delivery strategies. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 11:2635-57. [PMID: 26135606 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00278h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Malignant primary brain tumors are aggressive cancerous cells that invade the surrounding tissues of the central nervous system. The current treatment options for malignant brain tumors are limited due to the inability to cross the blood-brain barrier. The advancements in current research has identified and characterized certain molecular markers that are essential for tumor survival, progression, metastasis and angiogenesis. These molecular markers have served as therapeutic targets for the RNAi based therapies, which enable site-specific silencing of the gene responsible for tumor proliferation. However, to bring about therapeutic success, an efficient delivery carrier that can cross the blood-brain barrier and reach the targeted site is essential. The current review focuses on the potential of targeted, non-viral and viral particles containing RNAi therapeutic molecules as delivery strategies specifically for brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Malhotra
- Pharmacodelivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Wu Y, Bai J, Hong L, Liu C, Yu S, Yu G, Zhang Y. Low expression of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 and nuclear accumulation of β-catenin in aggressive nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:199-206. [PMID: 27347125 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of a specific molecular marker for aggressiveness of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) is urgently required in order to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of NFPAs. In the present study, low expression of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (sFRP2) in NFPAs was demonstrated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. The results confirmed an abnormal accumulation of free β-catenin in the nuclei of NFPAs, which is the core step for the activation of the Wnt canonical signaling pathway. Furthermore, cyclin D1 and c-Myc, the downstream proteins of the Wnt canonical signaling pathway, were overexpressed in aggressive NFPAs. These findings demonstrated the activation of the Wnt canonical signaling pathway in aggressive NFPAs. In addition, sFRP2 expression was observed to be inversely correlated to the aggressiveness of NFPAs. Therefore, sFRP2 may act as a tumor suppressor through modulation of the cellular cytosolic pool of β-catenin in NFPAs. Furthermore, the expression of sFRP2 may serve as a biomarker for NFPAs aggressiveness and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youtu Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Linchuan Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Shengyuan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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WU YOUTU, LIU CHUNHUI, YU SHENGYUAN, GAO HUA, LI ZHENYE, LI CHUZHONG, ZHANG YAZHUO. Assessment of sFRP4 as a bio-marker for predicting aggressiveness and recurrence of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:2991-9. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) to pharmaceutical active agents is a common clinical problem in patients suffering from cancer. MDR is often mediated by over expression of trans-membrane xenobiotic transport molecules belonging to the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-transporters. This protein family includes the classical MDR-associated transporter ABCB1 (MDR1/P-gp). Inhibition of ABC-transporters by low molecular weight compounds in cancer patients has been extensively investigated in clinical trials, but the results have been disappointing. Thus, in the last decades alternative experimental therapeutic strategies for overcoming MDR were under extensive investigation. These include gene therapeutic approaches applying antisense-, ribozyme-, RNA interference-, and CRISPR/Cas9-based techniques. Various delivery strategies were used to reverse MDR in different tumor models in vitro and in vivo. Results and conclusions of these gene therapeutic studies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Lage
- Fachbereich Pathologie, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Rudower Allee 48, 12351, Berlin, Germany.
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Wu Y, Bai J, Li Z, Wang F, Cao L, Liu C, Yu S, Yu G, Zhang Y. Low expression of secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in aggressive pituitary adenoma. Pituitary 2015; 18:335-42. [PMID: 24917361 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-014-0579-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The secreted frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) are reported to be antagonists of a number of tumors. This study was designed to investigate the relationship of sFRP4 with aggressiveness of pituitary adenomas. MATERIAL AND METHOD Specimens were classified into three groups: normal control (n = 10), non-aggressive group (n = 42) and aggressive group (n = 26) according to preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/computed tomography. sFRP4 were investigated by PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The methylation status of the sFRP4 promoter region was observed by MassArray. Cell culture and 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine treatment was performed to observe the relationship of downregulation of sFRP4 with methylation of the sFRP4 gene. RESULTS PCR and Western blot results showed that sFRP4 expression was downregulated in aggressive pituitary adenomas, which was confirmed by IHC. Methylation of the sFRP4 promoter was increased in aggressive pituitary adenomas. And methylation of the sFRP4 promoter lead to downregulation of sFRP4 expression. CONCLUSIONS sFRP4 expression is inversely related to the aggressiveness of pituitary adenomas, and act as a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youtu Wu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
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Polysaccharide-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Imaging and Gene Therapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:959175. [PMID: 26078971 PMCID: PMC4452369 DOI: 10.1155/2015/959175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Today, nanotechnology plays a vital role in biomedical applications, especially for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Among the many different types of fabricated nanoparticles, magnetic metal oxide nanoparticles stand out as unique and useful tools for biomedical applications, because of their imaging characteristics and therapeutic properties such as drug and gene carriers. Polymer-coated magnetic particles are currently of particular interest to investigators in the fields of nanobiomedicine and fundamental biomaterials. Theranostic magnetic nanoparticles that are encapsulated or coated with polymers not only exhibit imaging properties in response to stimuli, but also can efficiently deliver various drugs and therapeutic genes. Even though a large number of polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles have been fabricated over the last decade, most of these have only been used for imaging purposes. The focus of this review is on polysaccharide-coated magnetic nanoparticles used for imaging and gene delivery.
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Kapse-Mistry S, Govender T, Srivastava R, Yergeri M. Nanodrug delivery in reversing multidrug resistance in cancer cells. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:159. [PMID: 25071577 PMCID: PMC4090910 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Different mechanisms in cancer cells become resistant to one or more chemotherapeutics is known as multidrug resistance (MDR) which hinders chemotherapy efficacy. Potential factors for MDR includes enhanced drug detoxification, decreased drug uptake, increased intracellular nucleophiles levels, enhanced repair of drug induced DNA damage, overexpression of drug transporter such as P-glycoprotein(P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP1, MRP2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Currently nanoassemblies such as polymeric/solid lipid/inorganic/metal nanoparticles, quantum dots, dendrimers, liposomes, micelles has emerged as an innovative, effective, and promising platforms for treatment of drug resistant cancer cells. Nanocarriers have potential to improve drug therapeutic index, ability for multifunctionality, divert ABC-transporter mediated drug efflux mechanism and selective targeting to tumor cells, cancer stem cells, tumor initiating cells, or cancer microenvironment. Selective nanocarrier targeting to tumor overcomes dose-limiting side effects, lack of selectivity, tissue toxicity, limited drug access to tumor tissues, high drug doses, and emergence of multiple drug resistance with conventional or combination chemotherapy. Current review highlights various nanodrug delivery systems to overcome mechanism of MDR by neutralizing, evading, or exploiting the drug efflux pumps and those independent of drug efflux pump mechanism by silencing Bcl-2 and HIF1α gene expressions by siRNA and miRNA, modulating ceramide levels and targeting NF-κB. “Theragnostics” combining a cytotoxic agent, targeting moiety, chemosensitizing agent, and diagnostic imaging aid are highlighted as effective and innovative systems for tumor localization and overcoming MDR. Physical approaches such as combination of drug with thermal/ultrasound/photodynamic therapies to overcome MDR are focused. The review focuses on newer drug delivery systems developed to overcome MDR in cancer cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Kapse-Mistry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, University of Mumbai Mumbai, India
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban, South Africa
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai, India
| | - Mayur Yergeri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, University of Mumbai Mumbai, India
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Patel NR, Pattni BS, Abouzeid AH, Torchilin VP. Nanopreparations to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1748-62. [PMID: 23973912 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance is the most widely exploited phenomenon by which cancer eludes chemotherapy. Broad variety of factors, ranging from the cellular ones, such as over-expression of efflux transporters, defective apoptotic machineries, and altered molecular targets, to the physiological factors such as higher interstitial fluid pressure, low extracellular pH, and formation of irregular tumor vasculature are responsible for multidrug resistance. A combination of various undesirable factors associated with biological surroundings together with poor solubility and instability of many potential therapeutic small & large molecules within the biological systems and systemic toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents has necessitated the need for nano-preparations to optimize drug delivery. The physiology of solid tumors presents numerous challenges for successful therapy. However, it also offers unique opportunities for the use of nanotechnology. Nanoparticles, up to 400 nm in size, have shown great promise for carrying, protecting and delivering potential therapeutic molecules with diverse physiological properties. In this review, various factors responsible for the MDR and the use of nanotechnology to overcome the MDR, the use of spheroid culture as well as the current technique of producing microtumor tissues in vitro are discussed in detail.
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