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Garming Legert K, Ringdén O, Remberger M, Törlén J, Mattsson J, Dahllöf G. Oral mucositis after tacrolimus/sirolimus or cyclosporine/methotrexate as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1217-1225. [PMID: 33012083 PMCID: PMC8247364 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether treatment with tacrolimus plus sirolimus (Tac/Sir) as a prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease worsens severe oral mucositis and delays healing compared to cyclosporine plus methotrexate (CsA/Mtx) following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study comprised 141 patients: 73 randomized to receive Tac/Sir and 68 to receive CsA/Mtx. The oral mucositis assessment scale and toxicity grading according to WHO were used to assess the severity, peak and duration of oral mucositis from the day -3 to day 24 post-transplant. RESULTS Eighty-seven patients developed oral mucositis in the first 24 days post-transplant. No significant difference in oral mucositis severity between the Tac/Sir and CsA/Mtx groups was observed. The peak oral mucositis score occurred on day 10 in both groups. Although oral mucositis scores had returned to baseline in the CsA/Mtx group on day 24 post-transplant, no significant difference compared with the Tac/Sir group was found. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of tacrolimus/sirolimus as a graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation increased neither the incidence nor severity of oral mucositis compared with cyclosporine/methotrexate. Furthermore, oral mucositis healing was not prolonged and followed the same time pattern as cyclosporine/methotrexate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olle Ringdén
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Translational cell therapy research group, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Remberger
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University and KFUE, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Törlén
- Cell Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Mattsson
- Cell Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Gloria and Seymour Epstein Chair in Cell Therapy and Transplantation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Göran Dahllöf
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Trondheim, Norway
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Mohamad NA, Abouzari Lotf E, Mohamed MN, Arshad A, Abdullah TAT. A comparison of CO 2 adsorption behaviour of mono- and diamine-functionalised adsorbents. E3S WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019; 90:01010. [DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/20199001010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents a study for investigating i) the effect of amination of poly(GMA)-grafted polyethylene/polypropylene (PE/PP) substrates with trimethylamine (TMA) and ethylenediamine (EDA) and ii) their impact on carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption capacity of the obtained adsorbents. The chemical, structural, and morphological changes of the aminated adsorbents were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The amination yield with TMA was 40% higher than EDA. However, the obtained adsorbent showed two times lower CO2 adsorption capacity (at 30 bars) than the adsorbent with EDA and stood at 0.6 mmol g-1 compared to 1.2 mmol g-1.
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3
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Törlén J, Ringdén O, Garming-Legert K, Ljungman P, Winiarski J, Remes K, Itälä-Remes M, Remberger M, Mattsson J. A prospective randomized trial comparing cyclosporine/methotrexate and tacrolimus/sirolimus as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Haematologica 2016; 101:1417-1425. [PMID: 27662016 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.149294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvement of graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis remains an important goal in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Based on reports of possibly preferential properties of sirolimus, we compared the standard regimen of cyclosporine and methotrexate (n=106) with a combination of tacrolimus and sirolimus (n=103) as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a prospective, open, randomized trial. The hypothesis was that the tacrolimus/sirolimus regimen would lead to less acute graft-versus-host disease and reduced transplant-related mortality. There was no significant difference in the cumulative incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease of grades II-IV (41% vs. 51%; P=0.19) or grades III-IV (13% vs. 7%; P=0.09) between the groups. Time to neutrophil engraftment (18 days vs. 17 days; P=0.24) was similar, but time to platelet engraftment was longer in cyclosporine/methotrexate patients (14 vs. 12 days; P<0.01). No significant differences in incidence of oropharyngeal mucositis, time to full donor chimerism, or number of cytomegalovirus infections were seen between the two treatment arms, and transplant-related toxicities were equally distributed. Triglyceride (P=0.005) and cholesterol (P=0.009) levels were higher in tacrolimus/sirolimus patients. Transplant-related mortality (18% vs. 12%; P=0.40) and 5-year overall survival (72% vs. 71%; P=0.71) were similar. Five-year relapse-free survival in patients with malignant diagnoses was 65% in the cyclosporine/methotrexate group and 63% in the tacrolimus/sirolimus group (P=0.73). We conclude that tacrolimus/sirolimus remains a valid and safe alternative to cyclosporine/methotrexate as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, with comparable transplant-related outcomes. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov identifier: 00993343.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Törlén
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden .,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Ringdén
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Garming-Legert
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Per Ljungman
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital and Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacek Winiarski
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kari Remes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Finland.,Turku University, Finland
| | | | - Mats Remberger
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Mattsson
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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A systematic review of using and reporting survival analyses in acute lymphoblastic leukemia literature. BMC HEMATOLOGY 2016; 16:17. [PMID: 27280023 PMCID: PMC4898350 DOI: 10.1186/s12878-016-0055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Backgrounds Survival analysis is commonly used to determine the treatment effect among acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients who undergo allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) or other treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use and reporting of survival analyses in these articles. Methods We performed a systematic review by searching the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane library databases from inception to April 2015. Clinical trials of patients with ALL comparing allo-SCT compared to another treatment were included. We included only studies that used survival analysis as a part of the statistical methods. Results There were 14 studies included in the review. Sample size estimation was described in 4 (29 %) studies. Only 4 (29 %) studies reported the list of covariates assessed in the Cox regression and 6 (43 %) studies provided a description of censorship. All studies reported survival curves using the Kaplan-Meier method. The comparisons between groups were investigated using the log-rank test and Wilcoxon test. Crossing survival curves were observed in 11(79 %) studies. The Cox regression model was incorporated in 10 (71 %) studies. None of the studies assessed the Cox proportional hazards assumption or goodness-of-fit. Conclusions The use and reporting of survival analysis in adult ALL patients undergoing allo-SCT have significant limitations. Notably, the finding of crossing survival curves was common and none of the studies assessed for the proportional hazards assumption. We encourage authors, reviewers and editors to improve the quality of the use and reporting of survival analysis in the hematology literature.
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5
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Giaccone L, Audisio E, Bruno B, Maffini E, D'Ardia S, Caracciolo D, Ferrando F, Butera S, Brunello L, Frairia C, Aydin S, Nicolino B, Festuccia M, Crisà E, Bruna R, Passera R, Boccadoro M, Vitolo U, Busca A, Falda M, Marmont F. Role of Chemotherapy and Allografting in the Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2015; 16:96-103. [PMID: 26711180 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the clinical outcomes of 83 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (median age, 46 years; range, 18-75 years) treated at our institution between 1999 and 2011. Treatment refers to clinical trials open for accrual at the time of diagnosis or to institutional guidelines. Upfront allografting was considered for younger high-risk patients. Seventy-eight of 83 (94%) patients achieved complete remission after induction, although 53% of them eventually relapsed. Forty of 70 patients younger than 61 years underwent allografting. The median follow-up was 7.4 years (range, 0.2-15.0 years). Overall, the 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were 40% and 39%, respectively. In patients undergoing transplantation, OS and EFS at 5 years were both 53%, whereas in a nontransplantation setting, both OS and EFS were 35% at 5 years (P = .044 for both OS and EFS). By multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of OS and EFS were age and leukocytosis in the overall population and allografting in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Giaccone
- Ematologia 1, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy; Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, Università di Torino, Scuola di Medicina, Torino, Italy.
| | - Ernesta Audisio
- Ematologia 2, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Benedetto Bruno
- Ematologia 1, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy; Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, Università di Torino, Scuola di Medicina, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Maffini
- Ematologia 1, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano D'Ardia
- Ematologia 2, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- Ematologia 1, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Ferrando
- Ematologia 1, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Butera
- Ematologia 1, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Lucia Brunello
- Ematologia 1, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Frairia
- Ematologia 2, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Semra Aydin
- Ematologia 2, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Nicolino
- Ematologia 2, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Moreno Festuccia
- Ematologia 1, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Crisà
- Ematologia 1, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bruna
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute, Università di Torino, Scuola di Medicina, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Passera
- Divisione di Medicina Nucleare 2, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- Ematologia 1, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Umberto Vitolo
- Ematologia 2, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Busca
- Ematologia 2, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Michele Falda
- Ematologia 2, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Filippo Marmont
- Ematologia 2, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
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Sutton R, Shaw PJ, Venn NC, Law T, Dissanayake A, Kilo T, Haber M, Norris MD, Fraser C, Alvaro F, Revesz T, Trahair TN, Dalla-Pozza L, Marshall GM, O'Brien TA. Persistent MRD before and after allogeneic BMT predicts relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2014; 168:395-404. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Sutton
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Peter J. Shaw
- Oncology Unit; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Westmead NSW Australia
| | - Nicola C. Venn
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Tamara Law
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Anuruddhika Dissanayake
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Tatjana Kilo
- Oncology Unit; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Westmead NSW Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Murray D. Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Chris Fraser
- Royal Children's Hospital; Brisbane Qld Australia
| | - Frank Alvaro
- John Hunter Children's Hospital; Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Tamas Revesz
- Women and Children's Hospital; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Toby N. Trahair
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW; Randwick NSW Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre; Sydney Children's Hospital; Randwick NSW Australia
| | | | - Glenn M. Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW; Randwick NSW Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre; Sydney Children's Hospital; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Tracey A. O'Brien
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW; Randwick NSW Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre; Sydney Children's Hospital; Randwick NSW Australia
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7
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Saillard C, Etienne A, Charbonnier A, D’incan E, Rey J, Arnoulet C, Mozziconacci MJ, Blaise D, Vey N, Prebet T. Evaluation of comorbidity indexes in the outcome of elderly patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 55:2211-2. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.876497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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8
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Kozlowski P, Åström M, Ahlberg L, Bernell P, Hulegårdh E, Hägglund H, Karlsson K, Markuszewska-Kuczymska A, Tomaszewska-Toporska B, Smedmyr B, Hallböök H. High curability via intensive reinduction chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation in young adults with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Sweden 2003-2007. Haematologica 2012; 97:1414-21. [PMID: 22511497 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2011.057851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A minority of patients with adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia who relapse are rescued. The aim of this population-based study was to assess the results of reinduction treatment and allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients in second complete remission. DESIGN AND METHODS Between 2003-2007, 76 adults (<66 years) with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Burkitt's leukemia excluded) were prospectively reported to The Swedish Adult Acute Leukemia Registry and later evaluated. RESULTS Reinduction with: (i) mitoxantrone, etoposide, and cytarabine (MEA); (ii) fludarabine, cytarabine, pegylated-asparaginase plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (FLAG-Asp); and (iii) cytarabine, betamethasone, cyclophosphamide, daunorubicin, and vincristine (ABCDV) resulted in complete remission in 6/9 (67%), 10/16 (63%) and 9/21 (43%) of the patients, respectively. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation was performed during second complete remission in 29 patients. Multivariate analysis regarding overall survival after relapse revealed that age over 35 years at diagnosis and relapse within 18 months were negative prognostic factors. Overall survival rates at 3 and 5 years were 22% (95% CI: 13-32) and 15% (95% CI: 7-24). Of 19 patients less than 35 years at diagnosis who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation in second remission, ten (53%) are still alive at a median of 5.5 years (range, 4.2-8.3) after relapse, whereas all patients over 35 years old at diagnosis have died. CONCLUSIONS Allogeneic stem cell transplantation remains the treatment of choice for young adults with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Both (i) mitoxantrone, etoposide, and cytarabine and (ii) fludarabine, cytarabine, pegylated-asparaginase plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor seem effective as reinduction treatments and should be further evaluated. New salvage strategies are needed, especially for patients over 35 years old at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kozlowski
- Department of Medicine, Örebro University Hospital 01 85 Örebro, Sweden.
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9
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Ribera JM. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia: when and how. Haematologica 2011; 96:1083-6. [PMID: 21810970 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2011.048348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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10
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Ram R, Storb R, Sandmaier BM, Maloney DG, Woolfrey A, Flowers MED, Maris MB, Laport GG, Chauncey TR, Lange T, Langston AA, Storer B, Georges GE. Non-myeloablative conditioning with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for the treatment of high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 2011; 96:1113-20. [PMID: 21508120 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2011.040261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is a potentially curative treatment for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, the majority of older adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are not candidates for myeloablative conditioning regimens. A non-myeloablative preparative regimen is a reasonable treatment option for this group. We sought to determine the outcome of non-myeloablative conditioning and allogeneic transplantation in patients with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia. DESIGN AND METHODS Fifty-one patients (median age 56 years) underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation from sibling or unrelated donors after fludarabine and 2 Gray total body irradiation. Twenty-five patients had Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Eighteen of these patients received post-grafting imatinib. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 43 months, the 3-year overall survival was 34%. The 3-year relapse/progression and non-relapse mortality rates were 40% and 28%, respectively. The cumulative incidences of grades II and III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease were 53% and 6%, respectively. The cumulative incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease was 44%. Hematopoietic cell transplantation in first complete remission and post-grafting imatinib were associated with improved survival (P=0.005 and P=0.03, respectively). Three-year overall survival rates for patients with Philadelphia-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first remission and beyond first remission were 52% and 8%, respectively. For patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first remission who received post-grafting imatinib, the 3-year overall survival rate was 62%; for the subgroup without evidence of minimal residual disease at transplantation, the overall survival was 73%. CONCLUSIONS For patients with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first complete remission, non-myeloablative conditioning and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, with post-grafting imatinib for Philadelphia chromosome-positive disease, can result in favorable long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Ram
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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11
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Abstract
Historically, high levels of treatment-related mortality restricted the use of standard myeloablative allogeneic stem-cell transplantation to a minority of young and fit patients with lymphoma. Over the last decade, increasing numbers of patients with lymphoma have undergone allogeneic stem-cell transplantation using reduced-intensity protocols that are associated with lower toxicity and reduced transplantation-related mortality. Graft-versus-lymphoma effects contribute to the therapeutic effect in patients with indolent or Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, definitive evidence for efficacy of this strategy is lacking because most patients undergoing transplantation do so after failure of several lines of treatment, leaving no obvious comparator arm for randomized controlled studies. Nevertheless, encouraging results have been reported for selected patients for most lymphoma subtypes, with pretransplantation disease status emerging as the most important predictor of outcome. The major long-term toxicity is chronic graft-versus-host disease that contributes to ill health in a significant minority of survivors. In the future, risk-adapted trials that evaluate reduced-intensity allogeneic transplantation in patients with predicted poor outcomes with immunochemotherapy or autologous transplantation will be important in determining the role of this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronjon Chakraverty
- Department of Haematology, University College London, Pond St, London, NW3 2QG, United Kingdom.
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12
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Ravandi F. Managing Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2011; 11:198-203. [PMID: 21575924 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Before the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the prognosis for patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia was poor. The treatment of choice, stem cell transplantation, is a potentially curative option, but it is available only for a minority of patients and is associated with significant risk of morbidity and mortality. Although imatinib is largely effective, a substantial proportion of patients become resistant or intolerant to it. The activity of imatinib may be enhanced by coadministration with chemotherapy; such treatment is effective in many patients. Dasatinib is established as a second-line treatment in patients with resistance to or intolerance of imatinib. Recent data suggest that dasatinib, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, has utility as first-line therapy. Dasatinib is more potent than imatinib, is less susceptible to drug-resistance mechanisms, and has been shown to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, making it potentially effective for treating central nervous system disease. Patients who relapse during treatment with dasatinib frequently carry the T315I mutation of BCR-ABL. Future regimens combining dasatinib with an agent able to inhibit this mutation may further improve outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Ravandi
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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13
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Shaw BE, Apperley JF, Russell NH, Craddock C, Liakopoulou E, Potter MN, Wynn R, Gibson B, Pearce RM, Kirkland K, Lee J, Madrigal JA, Cook G, Byrne JL. Unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cell transplants incorporating pre-transplant in-vivo alemtuzumab are not associated with any increased risk of significant acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease. Br J Haematol 2011; 153:244-52. [PMID: 21382020 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08615.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There is little information published comparing peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) with bone marrow (BM) as the stem cell source in the long-term outcome in recipients of T-cell depleted (TCD) unrelated donor (UD) transplants. We present retrospective outcome data on 306 recipients of myeloablative, human leucocyte antigen-matched UD allografts using pre-transplant in-vivo Alemtuzumab. Transplants were performed between 2000 and 2007 for chronic myeloid leukaemia in first chronic phase and acute leukaemia in first or second complete remission; 184 patients received BM and 122 PBSC. The median age was 28·9 years (<1-58) and the median follow-up was 48 months. Overall survival at 8 years was 53%. The incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) was significantly higher in PBSC (65%) than BM recipients (49%; P=0·012). This represented only grade 1 GvHD with no difference in grade II-IV aGvHD (BM 23% PBSC 24%). The incidence of chronic GvHD, either overall (BM 47%, PBSC 49%) or extensive (BM 15%, PBSC 13%) was not increased with PBSC. The incidence of relapse, non-relapse mortality and survival were not significantly different. Whilst accepting the limitations of retrospective analyses, we suggest the increased risk of GvHD in recipients of PBSC in T-replete transplants is offset by in-vivo Alemtuzumab, and that either stem cell source can be used with good outcomes in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwen E Shaw
- Anthony Nolan Trust, London Royal Marsden Hospital, London Imperial College, London, UK.
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14
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Rowe JM. Interpreting Data on Transplant Selection and Outcome in Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2011; 17:S76-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lin D, Liu C, Xue M, Liu R, Jiang L, Yu X, Bao G, Deng F, Yu M, Ao J, Zhou Y, Wu D, Liu H. The role of interleukin-15 polymorphisms in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13626. [PMID: 21049047 PMCID: PMC2963612 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin-15 (IL-15) plays important roles in the immune system and in the development of hematopoietic cells. Previous studies revealed that five SNPs in IL-15, rs10519612, rs10519613, rs35964658, rs17007695 and rs17015014, were significantly associated with childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) treatment response. In adult ALL, the expression of IL-15 was also correlated with the immunophenotypes of ALL. Therefore, we hypothesize that SNPs of IL-15 might also be associated with adult ALL. Methods and Findings We genotyped the above five SNPs of IL-15 gene by PCR-RFLP assays in adult ALL case-control studies. The current study included 121 adult ALL patients and 263 healthy controls. IL-15 genotypes and haplotypes were determined and the associations with the risk of ALL were analyzed by logistic regression. SNPs rs10519612 and rs17007695 were significantly associated with ALL (P = 0.013 and P = 0.001). We observed a 2-fold and 2.4-fold excess risk of developing ALL for the rs10519612 CC and rs17007695 TC genotype carriers compared with non-carriers, respectively. Haplotype analysis revealed that haplotypes ACAC, CAGT and CCAT were significantly associated with adult B-ALL, while haplotype CCAT conferred susceptibility to T-ALL. Conclusion These findings suggest that IL-15 gene polymorphisms are significantly associated with ALL in adult Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Lin
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Thrombosis and Hemostasis Key Lab of the Ministry of Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mengxing Xue
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Thrombosis and Hemostasis Key Lab of the Ministry of Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rengyun Liu
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangming Bao
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fang Deng
- The People's Hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou, China
| | - Mingjie Yu
- The People's Hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou, China
| | - Jiafu Ao
- The People's Hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou, China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Thrombosis and Hemostasis Key Lab of the Ministry of Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- * E-mail: (DW); (HL)
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Thrombosis and Hemostasis Key Lab of the Ministry of Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- * E-mail: (DW); (HL)
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Evolving paradigms in the therapy of Philadelphia chromosome–negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults. Hematology 2009:362-70. [DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2009.1.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractImportant studies challenging previous approaches to the treatment of adults with Philadelphia chromosome–negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have emerged in the past decade. Donor versus no donor comparisons of allogeneic transplant highlight a potent graft-versus-leukemia effect in ALL, and the application of reduced-intensity conditioning transplants may exploit this effect while reducing non-relapse mortality. The adoption of the use of pediatric intensity-type regimens in adolescents and young adults shows promise to improve outcomes in this population. New therapeutic targets such as mutations in NOTCH1 in T-cell ALL and CD22 in pre-B ALL are being exploited in clinical trials. The application of molecular techniques and flow cytometry to quantitate minimal residual disease will allow further stratification of patients by risk. Although the outcomes of adults with ALL lag behind the stunningly successful results seen in children, new paradigms and new discoveries bring hope that this disparity will steadily lessen.
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