1
|
Skalka GL, Tsakovska M, Murphy DJ. Kinase signalling adaptation supports dysfunctional mitochondria in disease. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1354682. [PMID: 38434478 PMCID: PMC10906720 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1354682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria form a critical control nexus which are essential for maintaining correct tissue homeostasis. An increasing number of studies have identified dysregulation of mitochondria as a driver in cancer. However, which pathways support and promote this adapted mitochondrial function? A key hallmark of cancer is perturbation of kinase signalling pathways. These pathways include mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK), lipid secondary messenger networks, cyclic-AMP-activated (cAMP)/AMP-activated kinases (AMPK), and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) networks. These signalling pathways have multiple substrates which support initiation and persistence of cancer. Many of these are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial apoptosis, mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial associated membranes (MAMs), and retrograde ROS signalling. This review will aim to both explore how kinase signalling integrates with these critical mitochondrial pathways and highlight how these systems can be usurped to support the development of disease. In addition, we will identify areas which require further investigation to fully understand the complexities of these regulatory interactions. Overall, this review will emphasize how studying the interaction between kinase signalling and mitochondria improves our understanding of mitochondrial homeostasis and can yield novel therapeutic targets to treat disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George L. Skalka
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mina Tsakovska
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. Murphy
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ng A, Lovat F, Shih AJ, Ma Y, Pekarsky Y, DiCaro F, Crichton L, Sharma E, Yan XJ, Sun D, Song T, Zou YR, Will B, Croce CM, Chiorazzi N. Complete miRNA-15/16 loss in mice promotes hematopoietic progenitor expansion and a myeloid-biased hyperproliferative state. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308658120. [PMID: 37844234 PMCID: PMC10614620 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308658120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated apoptosis and proliferation are fundamental properties of cancer, and microRNAs (miRNA) are critical regulators of these processes. Loss of miR-15a/16-1 at chromosome 13q14 is the most common genomic aberration in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Correspondingly, the deletion of either murine miR-15a/16-1 or miR-15b/16-2 locus in mice is linked to B cell lymphoproliferative malignancies. However, unexpectedly, when both miR-15/16 clusters are eliminated, most double knockout (DKO) mice develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Moreover, in patients with CLL, significantly reduced expression of miR-15a, miR-15b, and miR-16 associates with progression of myelodysplastic syndrome to AML, as well as blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukemia. Thus, the miR-15/16 clusters have a biological relevance for myeloid neoplasms. Here, we demonstrate that the myeloproliferative phenotype in DKO mice correlates with an increase of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) early in life. Using single-cell transcriptomic analyses, we presented the molecular underpinning of increased myeloid output in the HSPC of DKO mice with gene signatures suggestive of dysregulated hematopoiesis, metabolic activities, and cell cycle stages. Functionally, we found that multipotent progenitors (MPP) of DKO mice have increased self-renewing capacities and give rise to significantly more progeny in the granulocytic compartment. Moreover, a unique transcriptomic signature of DKO MPP correlates with poor outcome in patients with AML. Together, these data point to a unique regulatory role for miR-15/16 during the early stages of hematopoiesis and to a potentially useful biomarker for the pathogenesis of myeloid neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ng
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Francesca Lovat
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Andrew J. Shih
- Boas Center for Human Genetics and Genomics, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Yuhong Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Yuri Pekarsky
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Frank DiCaro
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Lita Crichton
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Esha Sharma
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Xiao Jie Yan
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Daqian Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Tengfei Song
- The Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
| | - Yong-Rui Zou
- The Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY11549
| | - Britta Will
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Carlo M. Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Nicholas Chiorazzi
- Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY11030
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY11549
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mao P, Huang C, Li Y, Zhao Y, Zhou S, Zhao Z, Mu Y, Wang L, Li F, Zhao AZ. Pharmacological targeting of type phosphodiesterase 4 inhibits the development of acute myeloid leukemia by impairing mitochondrial function through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114027. [PMID: 36436494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is prone to drug-resistant relapse with a low 5-year survival rate. New therapeutic modalities are sorely needed to provide hope for AML relapse patients. Herein, we demonstrated a specific inhibitor of type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4), Zl-n-91, could significantly reduce the proliferation of AML cells, block DNA replication process, and increase AML cell death. Zl-n-91 also impeded the growth of subcutaneous xenograft and prolonged the survival of the MLL-AF9-driven AML model. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that elevated mitochondrial gene signatures inversely correlate with the survival of AML patients; and importantly, Zl-n-91 strongly suppressed the function of mitochondria. In addition, this PDE4 inhibitor induced alterations in multiple signaling pathways, including the reduction of β-catenin activity. Stimulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway could attenuate the inhibitory effect of Zl-n-91 on AML cell proliferation as well as mitochondrial function. Taken together, we revealed for the first time that targeting PDE4 activity could attenuate mitochondrial function through a Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which in turn would block the growth of AML cells. Specific PDE4 inhibitors can potentially serve as a new treatment modality for AML patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Mao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Xiaoguwei Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Changhao Huang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Xiaoguwei Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yuyu Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Xiaoguwei Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yuanyi Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Xiaoguwei Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Sujin Zhou
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Xiaoguwei Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhenggang Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Xiaoguwei Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yunping Mu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Xiaoguwei Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lina Wang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Xiaoguwei Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Fanghong Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Xiaoguwei Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Allan Z Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Xiaoguwei Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Quimque MT, Notarte KI, Letada A, Fernandez RA, Pilapil DY, Pueblos KR, Agbay JC, Dahse HM, Wenzel-Storjohann A, Tasdemir D, Khan A, Wei DQ, Gose Macabeo AP. Potential Cancer- and Alzheimer's Disease-Targeting Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors from Uvaria alba: Insights from In Vitro and Consensus Virtual Screening. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:8403-8417. [PMID: 33817501 PMCID: PMC8015132 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of the major cyclic adenosine monophosphate-metabolizing enzyme PDE4 has shown potential for the discovery of drugs for cancer, inflammation, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. As a springboard to explore new anti-cancer and anti-Alzheimer's chemical prototypes from rare Annonaceae species, the present study evaluated anti-PDE4B along with antiproliferative and anti-cholinesterase activities of the extracts of the Philippine endemic species Uvaria alba using in vitro assays and framed the resulting biological significance through computational binding and reactivity-based experiments. Thus, the PDE4 B2B-inhibiting dichloromethane sub-extract (UaD) of U. alba elicited antiproliferative activity against chronic myelogenous leukemia (K-562) and cytostatic effects against human cervical cancer (HeLa). The extract also profoundly inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme involved in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Chemical profiling analysis of the bioactive extract identified 18 putative secondary metabolites. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations showed strong free energy binding mechanisms and dynamic stability at 50-ns simulations in the catalytic domains of PDE4 B2B, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 14, and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP-1 Kelch domain) for the benzylated dihydroflavone dichamanetin (16), and of an AChE and KEAP-1 BTB domain for 3-(3,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-3',4',6-trihydroxy-2,4-dimethoxychalcone (8) and grandifloracin (15), respectively. Density functional theory calculations to demonstrate Michael addition reaction of the most electrophilic metabolite and kinetically stable grandifloracin (15) with Cys151 of the KEAP-1 BTB domain illustrated favorable formation of a β-addition adduct. The top-ranked compounds also conferred favorable in silico pharmacokinetic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Tristan Quimque
- Laboratory
of Organic Reactivity, Discovery & Synthesis (LORDS), Research
Center for Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
- The
Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, 9200 Iligan
City, Philippines
| | - Kin Israel Notarte
- Laboratory
of Organic Reactivity, Discovery & Synthesis (LORDS), Research
Center for Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
- Faculty
of Medicine & Surgery, University of
Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
| | - Arianne Letada
- Laboratory
of Organic Reactivity, Discovery & Synthesis (LORDS), Research
Center for Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
- The
Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
| | - Rey Arturo Fernandez
- Laboratory
of Organic Reactivity, Discovery & Synthesis (LORDS), Research
Center for Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
| | - Delfin Yñigo Pilapil
- Laboratory
of Organic Reactivity, Discovery & Synthesis (LORDS), Research
Center for Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
- Department
of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
| | - Kirstin Rhys Pueblos
- Laboratory
of Organic Reactivity, Discovery & Synthesis (LORDS), Research
Center for Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
- The
Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, 9200 Iligan
City, Philippines
| | - Jay Carl Agbay
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, 9200 Iligan
City, Philippines
- Philippine
Science High School—Central Mindanao Campus, 9217 Balo-i, Lanao del Norte, Philippines
| | - Hans-Martin Dahse
- Leibniz-Institute
for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute (HKI), D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Arlette Wenzel-Storjohann
- GEOMAR
Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit, Marine
Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz
Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Deniz Tasdemir
- GEOMAR
Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit, Marine
Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz
Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal, Kiel 24106, Germany
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kiel
University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz
4, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Abbas Khan
- Department
of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Microbial
Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- Department
of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Microbial
Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Vanke Cloud City Phase I Building 8, Xili Street, Nashan District, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Allan Patrick Gose Macabeo
- Laboratory
of Organic Reactivity, Discovery & Synthesis (LORDS), Research
Center for Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Parcha PK, Sarvagalla S, Ashok C, Sudharshan SJ, Dyavaiah M, Coumar MS, Rajasekaran B. Repositioning antispasmodic drug Papaverine for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:615-628. [PMID: 33389727 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00196-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papaverine is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid from the plant Papaver somniferum (Opium poppy). It is approved as an antispasmodic drug by the US FDA and is also reported to have anti-cancer properties. Here, Papaverine's activity in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is explored using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mammalian cancer cell lines, and in silico studies. METHODS The sensitivity of wild-type and mutant (anti-oxidant defense, apoptosis) strains of S. cerevisiae to the drug Papaverine was tested by colony formation, spot assays, and AO/EB staining. In vitro cytotoxic effect was investigated on HCT15 (colon), A549 (lung), HeLa (cervical), and K562 (Bcr-Abl positive CML), and RAW 264.7 cell lines; cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS detection analyzed in K562 cells using flow cytometry and apoptotic markers, Bcr-Abl signaling pathways examined by western blotting. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation of Papaverine against the target Bcr-Abl were also carried out. RESULTS Investigation in S. cerevisiae evidenced Papaverine induces ROS-mediated apoptosis. Subsequent in vitro examination showed that CML cell line K562 was more sensitive to the drug Papaverine. Papaverine induces ROS generation, promotes apoptosis, and inhibits Bcr-Abl downstream signaling. Papaverine acts synergistically with the drug Imatinib. Furthermore, the docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies supported that Papaverine binds to the allosteric site of Bcr-Abl. CONCLUSION The data presented here have added support to the concept of polypharmacology of existing drugs and natural compounds to interact with more than one target. This study provides a proof-of-concept for repositioning Papaverine as an anti-CML drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phani Krishna Parcha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
- DBT-Interdisciplinary Program in Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Sailu Sarvagalla
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Cheemala Ashok
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - S J Sudharshan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
- DBT-Interdisciplinary Program in Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Madhu Dyavaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
- DBT-Interdisciplinary Program in Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Mohane Selvaraj Coumar
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
| | - Baskaran Rajasekaran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
- DBT-Interdisciplinary Program in Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Longo J, Pandyra AA, Stachura P, Minden MD, Schimmer AD, Penn LZ. Cyclic AMP-hydrolyzing phosphodiesterase inhibitors potentiate statin-induced cancer cell death. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:2533-2545. [PMID: 32749766 PMCID: PMC7530792 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dipyridamole, an antiplatelet drug, has been shown to synergize with statins to induce cancer cell-specific apoptosis. However, given the polypharmacology of dipyridamole, the mechanism by which it potentiates statin-induced apoptosis remains unclear. Here, we applied a pharmacological approach to identify the activity of dipyridamole specific to its synergistic anticancer interaction with statins. We evaluated compounds that phenocopy the individual activities of dipyridamole and assessed whether they could potentiate statin-induced cell death. Notably, we identified that a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, cilostazol, and other compounds that increase intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels potentiate statin-induced apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that both dipyridamole and cilostazol further inhibit statin-induced activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2, a known modulator of statin sensitivity, in a cAMP-independent manner. Taken together, our data support that PDE inhibitors such as dipyridamole and cilostazol can potentiate statin-induced apoptosis via a dual mechanism. Given that several PDE inhibitors are clinically approved for various indications, they are immediately available for testing in combination with statins for the treatment of hematological malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Longo
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Aleksandra A. Pandyra
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Molecular Medicine IIMedical FacultyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious DiseasesHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Paweł Stachura
- Department of Molecular Medicine IIMedical FacultyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Mark D. Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Aaron D. Schimmer
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Linda Z. Penn
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bhat A, Ray B, Mahalakshmi AM, Tuladhar S, Nandakumar DN, Srinivasan M, Essa MM, Chidambaram SB, Guillemin GJ, Sakharkar MK. Phosphodiesterase-4 enzyme as a therapeutic target in neurological disorders. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105078. [PMID: 32673703 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDE) are a diverse family of enzymes (11 isoforms so far identified) responsible for the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) which are involved in several cellular and biochemical functions. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is the major isoform within this group and is highly expressed in the mammalian brain. An inverse association between PDE4 and cAMP levels is the key mechanism in various pathophysiological conditions like airway inflammatory diseases-chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurological disorders etc. In 2011, roflumilast, a PDE4 inhibitor (PDE4I) was approved for the treatment of COPD. Subsequently, other PDE4 inhibitors (PDE4Is) like apremilast and crisaborole were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for psoriasis, atopic dermatitis etc. Due to the adverse effects like unbearable nausea and vomiting, dose intolerance and diarrhoea, PDE4 inhibitors have very less clinical compliance. Efforts are being made to develop allosteric modulation with high specificity to PDE4 isoforms having better efficacy and lesser adverse effects. Interestingly, repositioning PDE4Is towards neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and sleep disorders, is gaining attention. This review is an attempt to summarize the data on the effects of PDE4 overexpression in neurological disorders and the use of PDE4Is and newer allosteric modulators as therapeutic options. We have also compiled a list of on-going clinical trials on PDE4 inhibitors in neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abid Bhat
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Bipul Ray
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | | | - Sunanda Tuladhar
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - D N Nandakumar
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Malathi Srinivasan
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), CFTRI Campus, Mysuru, 570020, India
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India.
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Meena Kishore Sakharkar
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107, Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Disruption of the Myc-PDE4B regulatory circuitry impairs B-cell lymphoma survival. Leukemia 2019; 33:2912-2923. [PMID: 31138843 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0492-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A large body of evidence suggests that B-cell lymphomas with enhanced Myc expression are associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis, which makes Myc a compelling therapeutic target. Phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B), a main hydrolyzer of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in B cells, was shown to be involved in cell survival and drug resistance in diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL). However, the interrelationship between Myc and PDE4B remains unclear. Here, we first demonstrate the presence of the Myc-PDE4B feed-forward loop, in which Myc and PDE4B mutually reinforce the expression of each other. Next, the combined targeting of Myc and PDE4 synergistically prevented the proliferation and survival of B lymphoma cells in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model. We finally recapitulated this combinatorial effect in Eμ-myc transgenic mice; co-inhibition of Myc and PDE4 suppressed lymphomagenesis and restored B cell development to the wild type level that was associated with marked reduction in Myc levels, unveiling the critical role of the Myc-PDE4B amplification loop in the regulation of Myc expression and the pathogenesis of B cell lymphoma. These findings suggest that the disruption of the Myc-PDE4B circuitry can be exploited in the treatment of B cell malignancies.
Collapse
|
9
|
Park S, Jang JW, Moon EY. Spleen tyrosine kinase-dependent Nrf2 activation regulates oxidative stress-induced cell death in WiL2-NS human B lymphoblasts. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:977-987. [PMID: 30203714 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1505044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune rheumatic lesions are often characterised by the immune cell recruitment including B lymphocytes and the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which increase antioxidant gene transcription via nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) has a major role in the signal transmission of all haematopoietic lineage cells including B/T cells, mast cells, and macrophages. In this study, we investigated whether B cell survival is regulated by Nrf2 via ROS-mediated Syk activation in WiL2-NS human B lymphoblast cells. When WiL2-NS cells were incubated with 1% foetal bovine serum (FBS), the survival rate and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were reduced. In addition, 1% FBS increased caspase 3 activity, cytochrome C release, nuclear localisation of Nrf2, and ROS production. N-acetylcysteine attenuated ROS production and nuclear translocation of Nrf2. It also inhibited cell death, caspase 3 activation, MMP collapse, and cytochrome C release. Results from the 1% FBS treatment were consistent with those of H2O2 treatment. Syk phosphorylation at tyrosine 525/526 was increased by incubation with 1% FBS or treatment with 100 µM H2O2. Nuclear translocation of Nrf2 by H2O2 was inhibited by treatment with BAY61-3606, a Syk inhibitor. BAY61-3606 also promoted MMP collapse, cytochrome C release, caspase 3 activation, and cell death. Taken together, these results implicate that Syk controls oxidative stress-induced human B cell death via nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and MMP collapse. These results suggest that Syk is a novel regulator of Nrf2 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sojin Park
- a Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Sejong University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Won Jang
- a Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Sejong University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Yi Moon
- a Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Sejong University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Robichaux WG, Cheng X. Intracellular cAMP Sensor EPAC: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutics Development. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:919-1053. [PMID: 29537337 PMCID: PMC6050347 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00025.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on one family of the known cAMP receptors, the exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (EPACs), also known as the cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFs). Although EPAC proteins are fairly new additions to the growing list of cAMP effectors, and relatively "young" in the cAMP discovery timeline, the significance of an EPAC presence in different cell systems is extraordinary. The study of EPACs has considerably expanded the diversity and adaptive nature of cAMP signaling associated with numerous physiological and pathophysiological responses. This review comprehensively covers EPAC protein functions at the molecular, cellular, physiological, and pathophysiological levels; and in turn, the applications of employing EPAC-based biosensors as detection tools for dissecting cAMP signaling and the implications for targeting EPAC proteins for therapeutic development are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William G Robichaux
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center , Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Peng T, Gong J, Jin Y, Zhou Y, Tong R, Wei X, Bai L, Shi J. Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase as cancer therapeutics. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 150:742-756. [PMID: 29574203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a class of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) which is involved in many physiological processes including visual transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation, cell-cycle regulation, gene expression, inflammation, apoptosis, and metabolic function. PDEs are composed of 11 different families and each family contains different subtypes. The distribution, expression, regulation mode and sensitivity to inhibitors of each subtype are different, and they are involved in cancer, inflammation, asthma, depression, erectile dysfunction and other pathological processes of development. A large number of studies have shown that PDEs play an important role in the development of tumors by affecting the intracellular level of cAMP and/or cGMP and PDEs could become diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets. This review will give a brief overview of the expression and regulation of PDE families in the process of tumorigenesis and their anti-tumor inhibitors, which may guide the design of novel therapeutic drugs targeting PDEs for anticancer agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Peng
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yongzhe Jin
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yanping Zhou
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mishra RR, Belder N, Ansari SA, Kayhan M, Bal H, Raza U, Ersan PG, Tokat ÜM, Eyüpoğlu E, Saatci Ö, Jandaghi P, Wiemann S, Üner A, Cekic C, Riazalhosseini Y, Şahin Ö. Reactivation of cAMP Pathway by PDE4D Inhibition Represents a Novel Druggable Axis for Overcoming Tamoxifen Resistance in ER-positive Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:1987-2001. [PMID: 29386221 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Tamoxifen remains an important hormonal therapy for ER-positive breast cancer; however, development of resistance is a major obstacle in clinics. Here, we aimed to identify novel mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance and provide actionable drug targets overcoming resistance.Experimental Design: Whole-transcriptome sequencing, downstream pathway analysis, and drug repositioning approaches were used to identify novel modulators [here: phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D)] of tamoxifen resistance. Clinical data involving tamoxifen-treated patients with ER-positive breast cancer were used to assess the impact of PDE4D in tamoxifen resistance. Tamoxifen sensitization role of PDE4D was tested in vitro and in vivo Cytobiology, biochemistry, and functional genomics tools were used to elucidate the mechanisms of PDE4D-mediated tamoxifen resistance.Results: PDE4D, which hydrolyzes cyclic AMP (cAMP), was significantly overexpressed in both MCF-7 and T47D tamoxifen-resistant (TamR) cells. Higher PDE4D expression predicted worse survival in tamoxifen-treated patients with breast cancer (n = 469, P = 0.0036 for DMFS; n = 561, P = 0.0229 for RFS) and remained an independent prognostic factor for RFS in multivariate analysis (n = 132, P = 0.049). Inhibition of PDE4D by either siRNAs or pharmacologic inhibitors (dipyridamole and Gebr-7b) restored tamoxifen sensitivity. Sensitization to tamoxifen is achieved via cAMP-mediated induction of unfolded protein response/ER stress pathway leading to activation of p38/JNK signaling and apoptosis. Remarkably, acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) was predicted to be a tamoxifen sensitizer using a drug repositioning approach and was shown to reverse resistance by targeting PDE4D/cAMP/ER stress axis. Finally, combining PDE4D inhibitors and tamoxifen suppressed tumor growth better than individual groups in vivoConclusions: PDE4D plays a pivotal role in acquired tamoxifen resistance via blocking cAMP/ER stress/p38-JNK signaling and apoptosis. Clin Cancer Res; 24(8); 1987-2001. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmi R Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nevin Belder
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suhail A Ansari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Kayhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hilal Bal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umar Raza
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin G Ersan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ünal M Tokat
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erol Eyüpoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Saatci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pouria Jandaghi
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ayşegül Üner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Caglar Cekic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasser Riazalhosseini
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Özgür Şahin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
- National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cooney JD, Lin AP, Jiang D, Wang L, Suhasini AN, Myers J, Qiu Z, Wölfler A, Sill H, Aguiar RCT. Synergistic Targeting of the Regulatory and Catalytic Subunits of PI3Kδ in Mature B-cell Malignancies. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:1103-1113. [PMID: 29246942 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Aberrant activation of the B-cell receptor (BCR) is implicated in the pathogenesis of mature B-cell tumors, a concept validated in part by the clinical success of inhibitors of the BCR-related kinases BTK (Bruton's tyrosine kinase) and PI3Kδ. These inhibitors have limitations, including the paucity of complete responses, acquired resistance, and toxicity. Here, we examined the mechanism by which the cyclic-AMP/PDE4 signaling axis suppresses PI3K, toward identifying a novel mechanism-based combinatorial strategy to attack BCR-dependency in mature B-cell malignancies.Experimental Design: We used in vitro and in vivo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell lines and primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) samples to preclinically evaluate the effects of the combination of the FDA-approved phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor roflumilast and idelalisib on cell survival and tumor growth. Genetic models of gain- and loss-of-function were used to map multiple signaling intermediaries downstream of the BCR.Results: Roflumilast elevates the intracellular levels of cyclic-AMP and synergizes with idelalisib in suppressing tumor growth and PI3K activity. Mechanistically, we show that roflumilast suppresses PI3K by inhibiting BCR-mediated activation of the P85 regulatory subunit, distinguishing itself from idelalisib, an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the catalytic P110 subunit. Using genetic models, we linked the PDE4-regulated modulation of P85 activation to the oncogenic kinase SYK.Conclusions: These data demonstrate that roflumilast and idelalisib suppress PI3K by distinct mechanisms, explaining the basis for their synergism, and suggest that the repurposing of PDE4 inhibitors to treat BCR-dependent malignancies is warranted. Clin Cancer Res; 24(5); 1103-13. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Cooney
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - An-Ping Lin
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Daifeng Jiang
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Long Wang
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Avvaru N Suhasini
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jamie Myers
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - ZhiJun Qiu
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Albert Wölfler
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Sill
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ricardo C T Aguiar
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. .,Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.,South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Audie Murphy VA Hospital, San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chamseddine AN, Cabrero M, Wei Y, Ganan-Gomez I, Colla S, Takahashi K, Yang H, Bohannan ZS, Garcia-Manero G. PDE4 Differential Expression Is a Potential Prognostic Factor and Therapeutic Target in Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2017; 16 Suppl:S67-73. [PMID: 27521329 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2016.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND (OR PURPOSE) Inflammation has an essential role in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Its expression is controlled by phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4). Thus, PDE4 inhibitors might be useful therapeutic targets for MDS. PATIENTS (OR MATERIALS) AND METHODS We evaluated the expression of each isoform of PDE4 (A, B, C, and D) using transcriptomic profiling and examined the potential impact on the outcome of patients with MDS in terms of survival and response to hypomethylating agents. Total RNA was extracted from CD34(+) bone marrow hematopoietic cells from healthy individuals (n = 10) and patients with MDS (n = 24) or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (n = 19). RESULTS The study cohort had a median follow-up period of 21.2 months (range, 0.2-68 months) and a median overall survival of 17.6 months (95% confidence interval, 9.6-25.6). The main finding of the present study was that PDE4 mean expression was generally higher in patients with MDS than in healthy individuals. Also, upregulated PDE4 expression seemed to have a possible negative effect on survival (P > .05). Moreover, lower, compared with higher, mean PDE4A and PDE4C expression is indicative of a response to a hypomethylating agent (0.09 and 0.03 vs. 0.54 and 0.49, respectively; P > .05). CONCLUSION These results should be confirmed in a larger patient cohort. PDE4 expression could be an effective potential prognostic factor and therapeutic target for patients with MDS and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. The role of PDE4 inhibitors should be explored in vitro against MDS cell lines and in preclinical mouse models of MDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali N Chamseddine
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
| | - Monica Cabrero
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yue Wei
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Irene Ganan-Gomez
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Simona Colla
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Koichi Takahashi
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Zachary S Bohannan
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors have wide-ranging activity in B-cell malignancies. Blood 2016; 128:2886-2890. [PMID: 27756749 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-09-737676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibition restores the suppressive effects of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate in lymphocytes. In this concise review, we detail how PDE4 inhibition downmodulates the B-cell receptor (BCR)-related kinases spleen tyrosine kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor A secretion by tumor cells, inducing cancer cell apoptosis and blocking angiogenesis in the microenvironment. We describe the successful clinical repurposing of PDE4 inhibitors in B-cell malignancies, and propose that given their anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory activity, these agents will suppress BCR signals without the toxicity associated with other targeted biological doublets.
Collapse
|
16
|
Tan Y, Watkins AA, Freeman BB, Meyers JA, Rifkin IR, Lerner A. Inhibition of type 4 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase blocks intracellular TLR signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and normal hematopoietic cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 194:101-12. [PMID: 25416804 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A subset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) BCRs interacts with Ags expressed on apoptotic cells, suggesting that CLL BCRs have the potential to internalize apoptotic cell RNA- or DNA-containing fragments with resultant activation of TLR7 or TLR9, respectively. By blocking cAMP degradation, type 4 cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitors activate cAMP-mediated signaling and induce apoptosis in CLL cells. In this study, we show that autologous irradiated leukemic cells induce proliferation in CLL cells and that such proliferation is blocked by a TLR7/8/9 inhibitor, by DNase, and by the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram. Rolipram also inhibited CLL cell proliferation induced by synthetic TLR7 and TLR9 agonists, as well as TLR agonist-induced costimulatory molecule expression and TNF-a (but not IL-6 or IL-10) production. Whereas treatment with a TLR9 agonist protected IgH V region unmutated, but not mutated, CLL cells from apoptosis, PDE4 inhibitors augmented apoptosis in both subtypes, suggesting that cAMP-mediated signaling may abrogate a TLR9-mediated survival signal in prognostically unfavorable IGHV unmutated CLL cells. Rolipram inhibited both TLR7/8- and TLR9-induced IFN regulatory factor 5 and NF-kB p65 nuclear translocation. PDE4 inhibitors also blocked TLR signaling in normal human immune cells. In PBMC and CD14-positive monocytes, PDE4 inhibitors blocked IFN-a or TNF-a (but not IL-6) production, respectively, following stimulation with synthetic TLR agonists or RNA-containing immune complexes. These results suggest that PDE4 inhibitors may be of clinical utility in CLL or autoimmune diseases that are driven by TLR-mediated signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tan
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Amanda A Watkins
- Section of Nephrology, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Benjamin B Freeman
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - John A Meyers
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Ian R Rifkin
- Section of Nephrology, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Adam Lerner
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dong H, Carlton ME, Lerner A, Epstein PM. Effect of cAMP signaling on expression of glucocorticoid receptor, Bim and Bad in glucocorticoid-sensitive and resistant leukemic and multiple myeloma cells. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:230. [PMID: 26528184 PMCID: PMC4602131 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of cAMP signaling induces apoptosis in glucocorticoid-sensitive and resistant CEM leukemic and MM.1 multiple myeloma cell lines, and this effect is enhanced by dexamethasone in both glucocorticoid-sensitive cell types and in glucocorticoid-resistant CEM cells. Expression of the mRNA for the glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GR) promoters 1A3, 1B and 1C, expression of mRNA and protein for GR, and the BH3-only proapoptotic proteins, Bim and Bad, and the phosphorylation state of Bad were examined following stimulation of the cAMP and glucocorticoid signaling pathways. Expression levels of GR promoters were increased by cAMP and glucocorticoid signaling, but GR protein expression was little changed in CEM and decreased in MM.1 cells. Stimulation of these two signaling pathways induced Bim in CEM cells, induced Bad in MM.1 cells, and activated Bad, as indicated by its dephosphorylation on ser112, in both cell types. This study shows that leukemic and multiple myeloma cells, including those resistant to glucocorticoids, can be induced to undergo apoptosis by stimulating the cAMP signaling pathway, with enhancement by glucocorticoids, and the mechanism by which this occurs may be related to changes in Bim and Bad expression, and in all cases, to activation of Bad.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Dong
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT, USA
| | - Michael E Carlton
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT, USA
| | - Adam Lerner
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston MA, USA
| | - Paul M Epstein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
PDE2 is a novel target for attenuating tumor formation in a mouse model of UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109862. [PMID: 25330380 PMCID: PMC4199678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that the topical application of caffeine is a potent inhibitor of UVB-induced carcinogenesis and selectively increases apoptosis in tumors but not in non-tumor areas of the epidermis in mice that are at a high risk for developing skin cancer. While this effect is mainly through a p53 independent pathway, the mechanism by which caffeine inhibits skin tumor formation has not been fully elucidated. Since caffeine is a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, we investigated the effects of several PDE inhibitors on the formation of sunburn cells in mouse skin after an acute exposure to ultraviolet light B (UVB). The topical application of a PDE2 inhibitor, erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine hydrochloride (EHNA hydrochloride), stimulated epidermal apoptosis compared to control (P<0.01) and to a greater extent than caffeine whereas a PDE4 inhibitor attenuated the epidermal apoptosis compared to control (P<0.01). Since PDE2 hydrolyzes cyclic nucleotides, mainly cGMP, the effects of EHNA hydrochloride on epidermal apoptosis following UVB exposure may be mediated, in part, by increased cGMP signaling. Data demonstrated that the topical application of dibutyryl cGMP stimulated epidermal apoptosis (P<0.01) following an acute exposure to UVB. Treating UVB-pretreated mice topically with 3.1 µmole or 0.8 µmole of EHNA hydrochloride attenuated tumor formation to a greater extent than treating with 6.2 µmole caffeine when these compounds were applied once a day, five days a week for 18 weeks. These observations suggest a novel role for PDE2 in UVB-induced tumorigenesis and that PDE2 inhibitors that mediate cGMP signaling may be useful for the prevention and treatment of skin cancer.
Collapse
|
19
|
Yeo CD, Kim JW, Ha JH, Kim SJ, Lee SH, Kim IK, Kim YK. Chemopreventive effect of phosphodieasterase-4 inhibition in benzo(a)pyrene-induced murine lung cancer model. Exp Lung Res 2014; 40:500-6. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.950769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
20
|
Murray F, Insel PA. Targeting cAMP in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a pathway-dependent approach for the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2013; 17:937-49. [PMID: 23647244 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2013.798304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cyclic AMP (cAMP) promotes growth arrest and/or apoptosis of various types of lymphoma, in particular chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). These responses have spurred the interest in developing agents that increase cAMP to treat such malignancies and to identify mechanisms of the responses. AREAS COVERED The murine T-lymphoma cell line S49, has provided an important, pioneering model to define mechanisms of cAMP-mediated lymphoid cell death. Studies with S49 cells demonstrated that cAMP, acting via protein kinase A (PKA), is pro-apoptotic through a mitochondria-dependent pathway and identified cAMP/PKA-regulated targets involved in apoptosis. Akin to such findings, cAMP promotes apoptosis via PKA of cells from patients with CLL. Analysis of mediators of cAMP accumulation and cAMP-promoted apoptosis in CLL cells has revealed approaches to increase cAMP and engage its pro-apoptotic action. EXPERT OPINION This 'pathway approach' targeted to cAMP has identified GPCR agonists/antagonists, AC activators (e.g., AC7), PDE inhibitors (e.g., PDE7B) and/or activators or inhibitors of downstream mediators (PKA and Epac, respectively), which might be utilized therapeutically in CLL. Therapy directed at such targets may prove to be clinically useful and may also provide a proof-of-principle of the utility of targeting cAMP signaling in other types of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Murray
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pharmacology, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Protein phosphatases of the type 2A family (PP2A) represent a major fraction of cellular Ser/Thr phosphatase activity in any given human tissue. In this review, we describe how the holoenzymic nature of PP2A and the existence of several distinct PP2A composing subunits allow for the generation of multiple structurally and functionally different PP2A complexes, explaining why PP2A is involved in the regulation of so many diverse cell biological and physiological processes. Moreover, in human disease, most notably in several cancers and Alzheimer's Disease, PP2A expression and/or activity have been found significantly decreased, underscoring its important functions as a major tumor suppressor and tau phosphatase. Hence, several recent preclinical studies have demonstrated that pharmacological restoration of PP2A activity, as well as pharmacological PP2A inhibition, under certain conditions, may be of significant future therapeutic value.
Collapse
|
22
|
Kashiwagi E, Shiota M, Yokomizo A, Itsumi M, Inokuchi J, Uchiumi T, Naito S. Downregulation of phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) activates protein kinase A and contributes to the progression of prostate cancer. Prostate 2012; 72:741-51. [PMID: 22529021 DOI: 10.1002/pros.21478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous cancer in American men. Unfortunately, few successful therapies for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) exist. The protein kinase A (PKA) pathway is a critical mediator of cellular proliferation and differentiation in various normal and cancerous cells. However, the PKA activity and the mechanism of regulation in CRPC remain unclear. Then, in this study, we intended to reveal the PKA activity and the mechanism of regulation in CRPC. METHODS Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, cytotoxicity analysis, and cell proliferation assay were used to resolve the regulatory role of PKA in prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP and their derivatives. RESULTS cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) was downregulated and the PKA pathway was activated in castration-resistant LNCaP derivatives (CxR cells). Rolipram activated the PKA pathway via inhibition of PDE4B, resulting in AR transactivation while the PKA inhibitor, H89 reduced AR transactivation. In response to hydrogen peroxide and in hydrogen peroxide-resistant LNCaP derivatives (HPR50 cells) PDE4B was decreased and as a result PKA activity was increased. Moreover, PDE4B expression was reduced in advanced prostate cancer and PDE4B knockdown promoted castration-resistant growth of LNCaP cells. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress may suppress PDE4B expression and activate the PKA pathway. The PDE4B/PKA pathway contributed to progression of androgen-dependent prostate cancer to CRPC. This pathway may represent an attractive therapeutic molecular target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Kashiwagi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hotte M, Dauphin F, Freret T, Boulouard M, Levallet G. A biphasic and brain-region selective down-regulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentrations supports object recognition in the rat. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32244. [PMID: 22359674 PMCID: PMC3281138 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to further understand the relationship between cAMP concentration and mnesic performance. METHODS AND FINDINGS Rats were injected with milrinone (PDE3 inhibitor, 0.3 mg/kg, i.p.), rolipram (PDE4 inhibitor, 0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) and/or the selective 5-HT4R agonist RS 67333 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) before testing in the object recognition paradigm. Cyclic AMP concentrations were measured in brain structures linked to episodic-like memory (i.e. hippocampus, prefrontal and perirhinal cortices) before or after either the sample or the testing phase. Except in the hippocampus of rolipram treated-rats, all treatment increased cAMP levels in each brain sub-region studied before the sample phase. After the sample phase, cAMP levels were significantly increased in hippocampus (1.8 fold), prefrontal (1.3 fold) and perirhinal (1.3 fold) cortices from controls rat while decreased in prefrontal cortex (∼0.83 to 0.62 fold) from drug-treated rats (except for milrinone+RS 67333 treatment). After the testing phase, cAMP concentrations were still increased in both the hippocampus (2.76 fold) and the perirhinal cortex (2.1 fold) from controls animals. Minor increase were reported in hippocampus and perirhinal cortex from both rolipram (respectively, 1.44 fold and 1.70 fold) and milrinone (respectively 1.46 fold and 1.56 fold)-treated rat. Following the paradigm, cAMP levels were significantly lower in the hippocampus, prefrontal and perirhinal cortices from drug-treated rat when compared to controls animals, however, only drug-treated rats spent longer time exploring the novel object during the testing phase (inter-phase interval of 4 h). CONCLUSIONS Our results strongly suggest that a "pre-sample" early increase in cAMP levels followed by a specific lowering of cAMP concentrations in each brain sub-region linked to the object recognition paradigm support learning efficacy after a middle-term delay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maïte Hotte
- Université de Caen Basse–Normandie, Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale (GMPc), EA4259, IFR 146, Caen, France
- Université de Rouen, NeoVasc, EA 4309, IFRMP23, IHURBM, Rouen, France
| | - François Dauphin
- Université de Caen Basse–Normandie, Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale (GMPc), EA4259, IFR 146, Caen, France
| | - Thomas Freret
- Université de Caen Basse–Normandie, Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale (GMPc), EA4259, IFR 146, Caen, France
| | - Michel Boulouard
- Université de Caen Basse–Normandie, Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale (GMPc), EA4259, IFR 146, Caen, France
| | - Guenaëlle Levallet
- Université de Caen Basse–Normandie, Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale (GMPc), EA4259, IFR 146, Caen, France
- CHU de Caen, Service d'Anatomie Pathologie, Caen, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors control A172 human glioblastoma cell death through cAMP-mediated activation of protein kinase A and Epac1/Rap1 pathways. Life Sci 2011; 90:373-80. [PMID: 22227470 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated whether cAMP-mediated protein kinase A(PKA) and Epac1/Rap1 pathways differentially affect brain tumor cell death using 4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-pyrrolidone(rolipram), specific phosphodiesterase type IV(PDE IV) inhibitor. MAIN METHODS A172 and U87MG human glioblastoma cells were used. Percentage of cell survival was determined by MTT assay. PKA and Epac1/Rap1 activation was determined by western blotting and pull-down assay, respectively. Cell cycle and hypodiploid cell formation were assessed by flow cytometry analysis. KEY FINDINGS Non-specific PDE inhibitors, isobutylmethylxanthine(IBMX) and theophylline reduce survival percentage of A172 and U87MG cells. The expression of PDE4A and PDE4B was detected in A172 and U87MG cells. Rolipram-treated A172 or U87MG cell survival was lower in the presence of forskolin, adenylate cyclase activator, than that in its absence. Co-treatment with rolipram and forskolin also enhanced CREB phosphorylation on serine 133 that was inhibited by H-89, PKA inhibitor and cAMP-responsive guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1(Epac1), a Rap GDP exchange factor-mediated Rap1 activity in A172 cells. When A172 cells were treated with cell-permeable dibutyryl-cAMP(dbcAMP), PKA activator or 8-(4-chloro-phenylthio)-2'-O-methyladenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate(CPT), Epac1 activator, basal level of cell death was increased and cell cycle was arrested at the phase of G2/M. Rolipram-induced A172 cell death was also increased by the co-treatment with dbcAMP or CPT, but it was inhibited by the pre-treatment with H-89. SIGNIFICANCE These findings demonstrate that PKA and Epac1/Rap1 pathways could cooperatively play a role in rolipram-induced brain tumor cell death. It suggests that rolipram might regulate glioblastoma cell density through dual pathways of PKA- and Epac1/Rap1-mediated cell death and cell cycle arrest.
Collapse
|
25
|
Liffraud C, Quillet-Mary A, Fournié JJ, Laurent G, Ysebaert L. Protein phosphatase-2A activation is a critical step for enzastaurin activity in chronic lymphoid leukemia cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 53:966-72. [PMID: 22023517 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.634041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Targeting B-cell receptor (BCR) downstream pathways may be of therapeutic importance in eradicating chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. Since protein kinase C-β(II) (PKC-β(II)) is a key element of BCR signaling, we evaluated the impact of enzastaurin on cell survival. Enzastaurin classically activates glycogen synthase kinase-3β through inhibition of PKC-β, Akt and target of rapamycin pathways in cancer cell lines. Here, we show that in primary CLL cells, enzastaurin activates protein phosphatase-2A (PP-2A) to mediate dephosphorylating events in responding patients. In patients' cells, both PP-2A activation and Bcl-2 dephosphorylation are statistically linked to enzastaurin-induced CLL death. Protein phosphatase-2A inhibition, through pharmacological agents or siRNA, significantly hampers cell death induced by the drug. Despite limited activity in in vitro culture, enzastaurin is able to sensitize CLL cells to fludarabine, even in patients refractory to either agent used alone. These results argue for the use of enzastaurin in combination therapy in patients with CLL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Liffraud
- Université Toulouse 3-ERL CNRS, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zambon AC, Wilderman A, Ho A, Insel PA. Increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein BIM, a mechanism for cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA)-induced apoptosis of immature T cells. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:33260-7. [PMID: 21808067 PMCID: PMC3190928 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.268979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The second messenger cAMP is proapoptotic for numerous cell types, but the mechanism for this proapoptotic action is not defined. Here, we use murine CD4(+)/CD8(+) S49 lymphoma cells and isolated thymocytes to assess this mechanism. In WT S49 cells, cAMP acts via protein kinase A (PKA) to induce G(1) phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Treatment of WT and cAMP-Deathless (D-) S49 cells, which lack cAMP-promoted apoptosis, with the PKA agonist 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP (CPT-cAMP) differentially regulates transcripts for numerous proapoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins. In contrast, kin-S49 cells (which lack PKA) show no cAMP-promoted changes in transcript expression. In this study, we use knockdown and overexpression approaches to define the role in cAMP/PKA-promoted apoptosis of the proapoptotic factor BIM (Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death), whose expression prominently increases in response to CPT-cAMP treatment of WT but not D- or kin- S49 cells. Conditional expression of BimL, one of the three major forms of Bim, increases apoptosis of WT, D-, and kin-S49 cells, whereas inhibition of cAMP-mediated induction of Bim isoforms by shRNAi attenuates CPT-cAMP-mediated apoptosis of WT S49 cells. Bim protein levels increase in subpopulations of CPT-cAMP-treated cells that undergo apoptosis. Thymic CD4(+)/CD8(+) cells isolated from Bim(-/-) mice corroborated the requirement of Bim expression for cAMP-promoted apoptosis. Thus, up-regulation of Bim appears to be an important determinant of cAMP/PKA-mediated apoptosis in immature T cells and may be a mechanism for such apoptosis in other cell types as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Zambon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
ERK and PDE4 cooperate to induce RAF isoform switching in melanoma. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2011; 18:584-91. [PMID: 21478863 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Melanocytes use BRAF to activate the MAP kinase (MAPK) pathway because CRAF is inhibited by the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway in these cells. By contrast, melanomas harboring Ras mutations use CRAF to activate the MAPK pathway. We describe the molecular mechanism of Raf isoform switching and cAMP pathway disruption, which take place during melanocyte transformation. We show that overactivation of the MAPK pathway, induced by the oncogenic Ras in melanoma, induces constitutive phosphorylation of BRAF on Ser151 by ERK, which inhibits NRAS-BRAF interaction . We also demonstrate that melanoma cells have elevated cAMP phosphodiesterase activity owing to overexpression of the cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase-4 enzymes; this activity inhibits cAMP signaling and allows CRAF reactivation in these cells. Reactivating the cAMP pathway inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of Ras-mutated melanoma cells, suggesting a new therapeutic approach for treating melanomas harboring Ras mutations.
Collapse
|
28
|
Kiebala M, Maggirwar SB. Ibudilast, a pharmacologic phosphodiesterase inhibitor, prevents human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat-mediated activation of microglial cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18633. [PMID: 21494611 PMCID: PMC3072977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) occur, in part, due to the inflammatory response to viral proteins, such as the HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat), in the central nervous system (CNS). Given the need for novel adjunctive therapies for HAND, we hypothesized that ibudilast would inhibit Tat-induced excess production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) in microglial cells. Ibudilast is a non-selective cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor that has recently shown promise as a treatment for neuropathic pain via its ability to attenuate glial cell activation. Accordingly, here we demonstrate that pre-treatment of both human and mouse microglial cells with increasing doses of ibudilast inhibited Tat-induced synthesis of TNFα by microglial cells in a manner dependent on serine/threonine protein phosphatase activity. Ibudilast had no effect on Tat-induced p38 MAP kinase activation, and blockade of adenosine A2A receptor activation did not reverse ibudilast's inhibition of Tat-induced TNFα production. Interestingly, ibudilast reduced Tat-mediated transcription of TNFα, via modulation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, as shown by transcriptional activity of NF-κB and analysis of inhibitor of kappa B alpha (IκBα) stability. Together, our findings shed light on the mechanism of ibudilast's inhibition of Tat-induced TNFα production in microglial cells and may implicate ibudilast as a potential novel adjunctive therapy for the management of HAND.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Kiebala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Sanjay B. Maggirwar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Meyer LH, Eckhoff SM, Queudeville M, Kraus JM, Giordan M, Stursberg J, Zangrando A, Vendramini E, Möricke A, Zimmermann M, Schrauder A, Lahr G, Holzmann K, Schrappe M, Basso G, Stahnke K, Kestler HA, Te Kronnie G, Debatin KM. Early relapse in ALL is identified by time to leukemia in NOD/SCID mice and is characterized by a gene signature involving survival pathways. Cancer Cell 2011; 19:206-17. [PMID: 21295523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Revised: 09/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the engraftment properties and impact on patient outcome of 50 pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) samples transplanted into NOD/SCID mice. Time to leukemia (TTL) was determined for each patient sample engrafted as weeks from transplant to overt leukemia. Short TTL was strongly associated with high risk for early relapse, identifying an independent prognostic factor. This high-risk phenotype is reflected by a gene signature that upon validation in an independent patient cohort (n = 197) identified a high-risk cluster of patients with early relapse. Furthermore, the signature points to independent pathways, including mTOR, involved in cell growth and apoptosis. The pathways identified can directly be targeted, thereby offering additional treatment approaches for these high-risk patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lüder Hinrich Meyer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nout YS, Culp E, Schmidt MH, Tovar CA, Pröschel C, Mayer-Pröschel M, Noble MD, Beattie MS, Bresnahan JC. Glial restricted precursor cell transplant with cyclic adenosine monophosphate improved some autonomic functions but resulted in a reduced graft size after spinal cord contusion injury in rats. Exp Neurol 2010; 227:159-71. [PMID: 21040723 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of glial restricted precursor (GRP) cells has been shown to reduce glial scarring after spinal cord injury (SCI) and, in combination with neuronal restricted precursor (NRP) cells or enhanced expression of neurotrophins, to improve recovery of function after SCI. We hypothesized that combining GRP transplants with rolipram and cAMP would improve functional recovery, similar to that seen after combining Schwann cell transplants with increasing cAMP. A short term study, (1) uninjured control, (2) SCI+vehicle, and (3) SCI+cAMP, showed that spinal cord [cAMP] was increased 14days after SCI. We used 51 male rats subjected to a thoracic SCI for a 12-week survival study: (1) SCI+vehicle, (2) SCI+GRP, (3) SCI+cAMP, (4) SCI+GRP+cAMP, and (5) uninjured endpoint age-matched control (AM). Rolipram was administered for 2weeks after SCI. At 9days after SCI, GRP transplantation and injection of dibutyryl-cAMP into the spinal cord were performed. GRP cells survived, differentiated, and formed extensive transplants that were well integrated with host tissue. Presence of GRP cells increased the amount of tissue in the lesion; however, cAMP reduced the graft size. White matter sparing at the lesion epicenter was not affected. Serotonergic input to the lumbosacral spinal cord was not affected by treatment, but the amount of serotonin immediately caudal to the lesion was reduced in the cAMP groups. Using telemetric monitoring of corpus spongiosum penis pressure we show that the cAMP groups regained the same number of micturitions per 24hours when compared to the AM group, however, the frequency of peak pressures was increased in these groups compared to the AM group. In contrast, the GRP groups had similar frequency of peak pressures compared to baseline and the AM group. Animals that received GRP cells regained the same number of erectile events per 24hours compared to baseline and the AM group. Since cAMP reduced the GRP transplant graft, and some modest positive effects were seen that could be attributable to both GRP or cAMP, future research is required to determine how cAMP affects survival, proliferation, and/or function of progenitor cells and how this is related to function. cAMP may not always be a desirable addition to a progenitor cell transplantation strategy after SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvette S Nout
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, 1001 Potrero Ave. Bld 1 Rm 101, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sousa LP, Lopes F, Silva DM, Tavares LP, Vieira AT, Rezende BM, Carmo AF, Russo RC, Garcia CC, Bonjardim CA, Alessandri AL, Rossi AG, Pinho V, Teixeira MM. PDE4 inhibition drives resolution of neutrophilic inflammation by inducing apoptosis in a PKA-PI3K/Akt-dependent and NF-κB-independent manner. J Leukoc Biol 2010; 87:895-904. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0809540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
|
32
|
Calvo N, de Boland AR, Gentili C. PTH inactivates the AKT survival pathway in the colonic cell line Caco-2. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2009; 1803:343-51. [PMID: 20005908 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2009.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In previous works, we found that PTH promotes the apoptosis of human Caco-2 intestinal cells, through the mitochondrial pathway. This study was conducted to investigate the modulation of different players implicated in the AKT survival pathway in PTH-induced intestinal cell apoptosis. We demonstrate, for the first time, that PTH modulates AKT phosphorylation in response to apoptosis via the serine/threonine phosphatase PP2A. PTH treatment induces an association of AKT with the catalytic subunit of PP2A and increases its phosphatase activity. PTH also promotes the translocation of PP2Ac from the cytosol to the mitochondria. Furthermore, our results suggest that PP2A plays a role in hormone-dependent Caco-2 cells viability and in the cleavage of caspase-3 and its substrate PARP. The cAMP pathway also contributes to PTH-mediated AKT dephosphorylation while PKC and p38 MAPK do not participate in this event. Finally, we show that PTH induces the dissociation between 14-3-3 and AKT, but the significance of this response remains unknown. In correlation with PTH-induced Bad dephosphorylation, the hormone also decreases the basal association of 14-3-3 and Bad. Overall, our data suggest that in Caco-2 cells, PP2A and the cAMP pathway act in concert to inactivate the AKT survival pathway in PTH-induced intestinal cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Calvo
- Department Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, (8000) Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Meyers JA, Su DW, Lerner A. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia and B and T cells differ in their response to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 182:5400-11. [PMID: 19380787 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0804255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase (PDE)4 inhibitors, which activate cAMP signaling by reducing cAMP catabolism, are known to induce apoptosis in B lineage chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells but not normal human T cells. The explanation for such differential sensitivity remains unknown. In this study, we report studies contrasting the response to PDE4 inhibitor treatment in CLL cells and normal human T and B cells. Affymetrix gene chip analysis in the three cell populations following treatment with the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram identified a set of up-regulated transcripts with unusually high fold changes in the CLL samples, several of which are likely part of compensatory negative feedback loops. The high fold changes were due to low basal transcript levels in CLL cells, suggesting that cAMP-mediated signaling may be unusually tightly regulated in this cell type. Rolipram treatment augmented cAMP levels and induced ATF-1/CREB serine 63/133 phosphorylation in both B lineage cell types but not T cells. As treatment with the broad-spectrum PDE inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine induced T cell CREB phosphorylation, we tested a series of family-specific PDE inhibitors for their ability to mimic 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine-induced ATF-1/CREB phosphorylation. Whereas PDE3 inhibitors alone had no effect, the combination of PDE3 and PDE4 inhibitors induced ATF-1/CREB serine 63/133 phosphorylation in T cells. Consistent with this observation, PDE3B transcript and protein levels were low in CLL cells but easily detectable in T cells. Combined PDE3/4 inhibition did not induce T cell apoptosis, suggesting that cAMP-mediated signal transduction that leads to robust ATF-1/CREB serine 63/133 phosphorylation is not sufficient to induce apoptosis in this lymphoid lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A Meyers
- Evans Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sousa LP, Carmo AF, Rezende BM, Lopes F, Silva DM, Alessandri AL, Bonjardim CA, Rossi AG, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. Cyclic AMP enhances resolution of allergic pleurisy by promoting inflammatory cell apoptosis via inhibition of PI3K/Akt and NF-kappaB. Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 78:396-405. [PMID: 19422809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Selective and timely induction of apoptosis is an effective means of resolving inflammation. The effects and putative mechanisms by which cyclic AMP (cAMP) modulates leukocyte apoptosis in vivo are still unclear. The present study aims at identifying intracellular pathways underlying the ability of cAMP elevating agents to resolve eosinophilic inflammation in a model of allergic pleurisy in mice. Ovalbumin (OVA) challenge of immunized mice induced eosinophil recruitment that peaked at 24h and persisted till 48h. Treatment with the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram, cAMP mimetic db-cAMP or adenylate cyclase activator forskolin, at 24h after antigen-challenge resulted in profound resolution of eosinophilic inflammation, without a decrease of mononuclear cell numbers. There was a concomitant increase in number of apoptotic cells in the pleural cavity. The effects of rolipram and db-cAMP were inhibited by the PKA inhibitor H89. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt or NF-kappaB induced resolution of inflammation that was associated with increased apoptosis. OVA-challenge resulted in a time-dependent activation of Akt and NF-kappaB, which was blocked by treatment with rolipram or PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitors. Thus, cAMP elevating agents resolve established eosinophilic inflammation by inducing leukocyte apoptosis. Mechanistically, the actions of cAMP are dependent on PKA and target a PI3K/Akt-dependent NF-kappaB survival pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lirlândia P Sousa
- Setor de Patologia Clínica, Colégio Técnico, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kumar S, Kostin S, Flacke JP, Reusch HP, Ladilov Y. Soluble adenylyl cyclase controls mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in coronary endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:14760-8. [PMID: 19336406 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m900925200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cAMP signaling pathway plays an essential role in modulating the apoptotic response to various stress stimuli. Until now, it was attributed exclusively to the activity of the G-protein-responsive transmembrane adenylyl cyclase. In addition to transmembrane AC, mammalian cells possess a second source of cAMP, the ubiquitously expressed soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC). However, the role of this cyclase in apoptosis was unknown. A mitochondrial localization of this cyclase has recently been demonstrated, which led us to the hypothesis that sAC may play a role in apoptosis through modulation of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. To prove this hypothesis, apoptosis was induced by simulated in vitro ischemia or by acidosis, which is an important component of ischemia. Suppression of sAC activity with the selective inhibitor KH7 or sAC knockdown by small interfering RNA transfection abolished endothelial apoptosis. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition or knockdown of protein kinase A, an important cAMP target, demonstrated a significant anti-apoptotic effect. Analysis of the underlying mechanisms revealed (i) the translocation of sAC to mitochondria under acidic stress and (ii) activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, i.e. cytochrome c release and caspase-9 cleavage. sAC inhibition or knockdown abolished the activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Analysis of mitochondrial co-localization of Bcl-2 family proteins demonstrated sAC- and protein kinase A-dependent translocation of Bax to mitochondria. Taken together, these results suggest the important role of sAC in modulating the mitochondria-dependent pathway of apoptosis in endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- Abteilung für Klinische Pharmakologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shum D, Radu C, Kim E, Cajuste M, Shao Y, Seshan VE, Djaballah H. A high density assay format for the detection of novel cytotoxic agents in large chemical libraries. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2009; 23:931-45. [PMID: 18608772 DOI: 10.1080/14756360701810082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to the need for inexpensive high throughput assays for anti-cancer drug screening, a 1536-well microtiter plate based assay utilizing the Alamar Blue fluorescent dye as a measure of cellular growth was validated in 10 microL assay volume. Its robustness was assessed in a screen against a library of 2000 known bioactives; with an overall Z' value of 0.89 for assay robustness, several known cytotoxic agents were identified including and not limited to anthracyclines, cardiac glycosides, gamboges, and quinones. To further test the sensitivity of the assay, IC50 determinations were performed in both 384-well and 1536-well formats and the obtained results show a very good correlation between the two density formats. These findings demonstrate that this newly developed assay is simple to set up, robust, highly sensitive and inexpensive. It could potentially provide a rapid way to screen established and primary tumor cell lines against large chemical libraries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Shum
- High Throughput Screening Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Moon EY, Oh JM, Kim YH, Ryoo IJ, Yoo ID. Clitocybins, Novel Isoindolinone Free Radical Scavengers, from Mushroom Clitocybe aurantiaca Inhibit Apoptotic Cell Death and Cellular Senescence. Biol Pharm Bull 2009; 32:1689-94. [PMID: 19801829 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.32.1689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Yi Moon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University
| | - Jin-Mi Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University
| | - Young-Hee Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology
| | - In-Ja Ryoo
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology
| | - Ick-Dong Yoo
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase profiling reveals increased expression of phosphodiesterase 7B in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:19532-7. [PMID: 19033455 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0806152105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) isoforms can influence disease pathogenesis and be novel therapeutic targets. Because lower cAMP levels may contribute to the decreased apoptosis that occurs in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), we assessed the expression levels of PDE isoforms in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy adults and patients with CLL. We found a unique PDE mRNA signature in CLL: higher levels than in normal PBMC of PDE7B (increased approximately 23-fold) and lower levels of PDE3B, 4D, 5A, and 9A mRNA (each decreased approximately 30-fold). Increased PDE7B mRNA in CLL correlates with a 10-fold-higher expression of PDE7B protein and results in an increased contribution of PDE7 to total PDE activity. Consistent with the higher level of PDE7B expression, inhibitors of PDE7 (BRL-50481, IR-202) and a dual PDE4/PDE7 inhibitor (IR-284) selectively increase apoptosis in CLL cells compared with normal PBMC or B cells. Apoptosis of CLL cells promoted by inhibitors of PDE7 and PDE4/7 is attenuated by PKA inhibition, occurs via a mitochondrial-dependent process, and is associated with increased cAMP accumulation and down-regulation of the antiapoptotic protein survivin and of PDE7B. The increase in PDE7B expression and PDE7 inhibitor-promoted apoptosis implicates PDE7B as a drug target in CLL. Our findings identify a unique PDE signature in CLL and illustrate the utility of broad analyses of PDE isoform expression in human disease.
Collapse
|
39
|
Kuroda J, Taniwaki M. Involvement of BH3-only proteins in hematologic malignancies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2008; 71:89-101. [PMID: 19022681 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2008] [Revised: 09/18/2008] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family proteins determines life or death for cancer cells. In this context, BH3-only proteins (such as Bim), members of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, act as key initiators of apoptosis by activating Bax and Bak through liberating them from anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 members. This then leads to the disruption of mitochondrial outer membrane, and eventually promotes proteolytic cascades for cellular dismantling. We here review the growing evidence of how BH3-only proteins are involved in tumorigenesis and in apoptosis induced by anti-cancer agents in hematologic malignancies. A deeper understanding of the roles of BH3-only proteins in cell death regulation may yield crucial insights for the further development of more effective and rational cell killing strategies. Recent developments in the direct therapeutic manipulation of Bcl-2 proteins using BH3-mimicking agents, such as ABT-737 or GX15-070, for hematologic malignancies are also summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Kuroda
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hong K, Lou L, Gupta S, Ribeiro-Neto F, Altschuler DL. A novel Epac-Rap-PP2A signaling module controls cAMP-dependent Akt regulation. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:23129-38. [PMID: 18550542 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m800478200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rap1b has been implicated in the transduction of the cAMP mitogenic signal. It is phosphorylated and activated by cAMP, and its expression in models where cAMP is mitogenic leads to proliferation and tumorigenesis. Akt is a likely downstream effector of cAMP-Rap1 action. cAMP elevation induced a rapid and transient Akt inhibition that required activated and phosphorylated Rap1b. However, the mechanism(s) by which cAMP-Rap regulates Akt remains unclear. Here we show that (i) upstream regulators, PIK and PDK1, are not the target(s) of the cAMP inhibitory action; (ii) constitutively active Akt and calyculin A-stimulated Akt are resistant to cAMP inhibition, suggesting the action of a phosphatase; (iii) cAMP increases the rate of Akt dephosphorylation, directly implicating an Akt-phosphatase; (iv) Epac- and protein kinase A (PKA)-specific analogs synergistically inhibit Akt, indicating the involvement of both cAMP-dependent effector pathways; (v) H89 and dominant negative Epac 279E block cAMP-inhibitory action; (vi) Epac associates in a complex with Akt and PP2A, and the associated-phosphatase activity is positively modulated by cAMP in a PKA- and Rap1-dependent manner; (vii) like its action on Akt inhibition, PKA- and Epac-specific analogs synergistically activate Epac-associated PP2A; and (viii) dominant negative PP2A blocks cAMP-inhibitory action. Thus, we uncovered a novel cAMP-Epac/PKA-Rap1b-PP2A signaling module involved in Akt regulation that may represent a physiological event in the process of cAMP stimulation of thyroid mitogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungja Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Moon EY. Serum Deprivation Enhances Apoptotic Cell Death by Increasing Mitochondrial Enzyme Activity. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2008. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2008.16.1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
42
|
Neviani P, Santhanam R, Oaks JJ, Eiring AM, Notari M, Blaser BW, Liu S, Trotta R, Muthusamy N, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Druker BJ, Cortes J, Marcucci G, Chen CS, Verrills NM, Roy DC, Caligiuri MA, Bloomfield CD, Byrd JC, Perrotti D. FTY720, a new alternative for treating blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:2408-21. [PMID: 17717597 PMCID: PMC1950458 DOI: 10.1172/jci31095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 06/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML-BC) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph1-positive) acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) are 2 fatal BCR/ABL-driven leukemias against which Abl kinase inhibitors fail to induce a long-term response. We recently reported that functional loss of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity is important for CML blastic transformation. We assessed the therapeutic potential of the PP2A activator FTY720 (2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]-1,3-propanediol hydrochloride), an immunomodulator in Phase III trials for patients with multiple sclerosis or undergoing organ transplantation, in CML-BC and Ph1 ALL patient cells and in in vitro and in vivo models of these BCR/ABL+ leukemias. Our data indicate that FTY720 induces apoptosis and impairs clonogenicity of imatinib/dasatinib-sensitive and -resistant p210/p190(BCR/ABL) myeloid and lymphoid cell lines and CML-BC(CD34+) and Ph1 ALL(CD34+/CD19+) progenitors but not of normal CD34+ and CD34+/CD19+ bone marrow cells. Furthermore, pharmacologic doses of FTY720 remarkably suppress in vivo p210/p190(BCR/ABL)-driven [including p210/p190(BCR/ABL)(T315I)] leukemogenesis without exerting any toxicity. Altogether, these results highlight the therapeutic relevance of rescuing PP2A tumor suppressor activity in Ph1 leukemias and strongly support the introduction of the PP2A activator FTY720 in the treatment of CML-BC and Ph1 ALL patients.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzamides
- Blast Crisis/drug therapy
- Blast Crisis/genetics
- Blast Crisis/metabolism
- Blast Crisis/pathology
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Dasatinib
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Fingolimod Hydrochloride
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Mice
- Molecular Structure
- Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Propylene Glycols/chemistry
- Propylene Glycols/therapeutic use
- Protein Phosphatase 2
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Sphingosine/analogs & derivatives
- Sphingosine/chemistry
- Sphingosine/therapeutic use
- Thiazoles/pharmacology
- Time Factors
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Neviani
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ramasamy Santhanam
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joshua J. Oaks
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna M. Eiring
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mario Notari
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bradley W. Blaser
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shujun Liu
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rossana Trotta
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natarajan Muthusamy
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brian J. Druker
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jorge Cortes
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guido Marcucci
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicole M. Verrills
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Denis C. Roy
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael A. Caligiuri
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clara D. Bloomfield
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John C. Byrd
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danilo Perrotti
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
University of Milano Bicocca, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and
College of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Division of Hematology-Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Meyers JA, Taverna J, Chaves J, Makkinje A, Lerner A. Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors augment levels of glucocorticoid receptor in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia but not in normal circulating hematopoietic cells. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:4920-7. [PMID: 17699872 PMCID: PMC2656255 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Type 4 cyclic AMP (cAMP) phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitors, a class of compounds in clinical development that activate cAMP-mediated signaling by inhibiting cAMP catabolism, offer a feasible means by which to potentiate glucocorticoid-mediated apoptosis in lymphoid malignancies such as B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). In this study, we show that PDE4 inhibitors up-regulate glucocorticoid receptor (GRalpha) transcript levels in B-CLL cells but not T-CLL cells or Sezary cells or normal circulating T cells, B cells, monocytes, or neutrophils. Because GRalpha transcript half-life does not vary in CLL cells treated with the prototypic PDE4 inhibitor rolipram, the 4-fold increase in GRalpha mRNA levels observed within 4 h of rolipram treatment seems to result from an increase in GRalpha transcription. Rolipram treatment increases levels of transcripts derived from the 1A3 promoter to a greater extent than the 1B promoter. Treatment of B-CLL cells with two other PDE4 inhibitors currently in clinical development also augments GR transcript levels and glucocorticoid-mediated apoptosis. Washout studies show that simultaneous treatment with both drug classes irreversibly augments apoptosis over the same time frame that GR up-regulation occurs. Although treatment of B-CLL cells with glucocorticoids reduces basal GRalpha transcript levels in a dose-related manner, cotreatment with rolipram maintained GRalpha transcript levels above baseline. Our results suggest that as a result of their unusual sensitivity to PDE4 inhibitor-mediated up-regulation of GRalpha expression, treatment of B-CLL patients with combined PDE4 inhibitor/glucocorticoid therapy may be of therapeutic benefit in this disease.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Aminopyridines/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Carboxylic Acids/pharmacology
- Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4
- Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids
- Cyclopropanes/pharmacology
- Dexamethasone/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Hematopoietic System/chemistry
- Hematopoietic System/cytology
- Hematopoietic System/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Nitriles/pharmacology
- Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/analysis
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/drug effects
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
- Rolipram/pharmacology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A. Meyers
- Evans Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Medical Center
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Josephine Taverna
- Evans Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Medical Center
| | - Jorge Chaves
- Evans Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Medical Center
| | - Anthony Makkinje
- Evans Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Medical Center
| | - Adam Lerner
- Evans Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Medical Center
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Park HY, Song MG, Lee JS, Kim JW, Jin JO, Park JI, Chang YC, Kwak JY. Apoptosis of human neutrophils induced by protein phosphatase 1/2A inhibition is caspase-independent and serine protease-dependent. J Cell Physiol 2007; 212:450-62. [PMID: 17311286 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase (PP) activity is associated with the regulation of apoptosis in neutrophils. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism(s) in apoptosis remain unclear. The type of cell death induced by okadaic acid (OA), the inhibitor of PP1 and PP2A, is characterized by apoptotic morphological changes of the cells and annexin V-positive staining without DNA fragmentation. The apoptotic effects of OA and calyculin A on neutrophils were observed at concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 nM, or 10 to 50 nM, respectively. Cyclosporine A (a PP2B specific inhibitor), however, did not exhibit any pro-apoptotic effects. OA and calyculin A, but not cyclosporine A, exhibited significant effects on protein levels and on the electrophoretic mobility of Mcl-1. zVAD-fmk, a pancaspase inhibitor, failed to inhibit the effect of OA on the caspase-3 activity, procaspase-3 processing, and the apoptotic rate of neutrophils. However, 4-(2-aminoethyl) benzenesulfonylfluoride (AEBSF), a general serine protease inhibitor, significantly abrogated the OA-induced mobility shift in procaspase-3, caspase-3 activation, and the apoptotic morphological changes in neutrophils. Moreover, OA enhanced the serine protease activity of the neutrophils. The addition of the proteinase-3 protein increased the rate of neutrophil apoptosis, which was also blocked by AEBSF but not by zVAD-fmk. These results suggest that OA induces procaspase-3 processing but that OA-induced apoptosis is caspase-independent and serine protease-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Young Park
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Medical Research Center for Cancer Molecular Therapy, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sashidhara KV, Rosaiah JN, Kumar A, Bid HK, Konwar R, Chattopadhyay N. Cell growth inhibitory action of an unusual labdane diterpene, 13-epi-sclareol in breast and uterine cancersin vitro. Phytother Res 2007; 21:1105-8. [PMID: 17639552 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In the course of our studies on the isolation of bioactive compounds from the roots of Coleus forskohlii, a traditional herb in India, rare 13-epi-sclareol has been isolated, and its structure determined by extensive 2D NMR. This is the first report of isolation from this plant. The isolated compound showed antiproliferative activity in breast and uterine cancers in vitro. The antiproliferative activity of 13-epi-sclareol is comparable to Tamoxifen in terms of IC50 and also showed concentration dependent increased apoptotic changes in the breast cancer cell line, MCF-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koneni V Sashidhara
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Everett PC, Meyers JA, Makkinje A, Rabbi M, Lerner A. Preclinical assessment of curcumin as a potential therapy for B-CLL. Am J Hematol 2007; 82:23-30. [PMID: 16947318 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.20757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, the principle component of the spice turmeric, has been used as an anti-inflammatory medication in India and China for centuries. Recent studies, predominantly using actively dividing cell lines, have suggested that this compound could be used as a chemopreventative or therapeutic agent for epithelial tumors. As curcumin has been reported to inhibit the NIK/IKK complex, an activity that would be expected to induce apoptosis in B cell malignancies, we sought to determine whether curcumin induces apoptosis in vitro in primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells. Primary leukemic cells were incubated with varying dosages of curcumin, followed by assessment for apoptosis. The role of PPARgamma or NF-kappaB signaling in curcumin-induced apoptosis was examined by cotreatment with a PPARgamma antagonist or EMSA of nuclear NFkappaB complexes. We also examined whether a clinically achievable concentration of curcumin (1 microM) would augment the apoptotic effects of fludarabine, dexamethasone, vincristine or the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram. In B-CLL cells from 14 patients, curcumin-induced apoptosis with a mean EC(50) of 5.5 microM. In contrast, the EC(50) for whole mononuclear cells from a healthy donor was 21.8 microM. In a 48 hr wash-out time course, curcumin-induced apoptosis was time-dependent, with a substantial reduction in apoptosis observed when curcumin was removed after 5 hr. Curcumin treatment reduced basal nuclear NF-kappaB levels and 1 microM curcumin augmented both vinca alkaloid and PDE4 inhibitor-induced apoptosis in B-CLL cells. Our studies suggest that curcumin may augment the efficacy of established or experimental therapies for B-CLL.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/antagonists & inhibitors
- 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Curcumin/pharmacology
- Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4
- Dexamethasone/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Male
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Rolipram/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vidarabine/analogs & derivatives
- Vidarabine/pharmacology
- Vincristine/pharmacology
- NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Everett
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Perrotti D, Neviani P. ReSETting PP2A tumour suppressor activity in blast crisis and imatinib-resistant chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Br J Cancer 2006; 95:775-81. [PMID: 16953242 PMCID: PMC2360538 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The deregulated kinase activity of p210-BCR/ABL oncoproteins, hallmark of chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML), induces and sustains the leukaemic phenotype, and contributes to disease progression. Imatinib mesylate, a BCR/ABL kinase inhibitor, is effective in most of chronic phase CML patients. However, a significant percentage of CML patients develop resistance to imatinib and/or still progresses to blast crisis, a disease stage that is often refractory to imatinib therapy. Furthermore, there is compelling evidence indicating that the CML leukaemia stem cell is also resistant to imatinib. Thus, there is still a need for new drugs that, if combined with imatinib, will decrease the rate of relapse, fully overcome imatinib resistance and prevent blastic transformation of CML. We recently reported that the activity of the tumour suppressor protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is markedly inhibited in blast crisis CML patient cells and that molecular or pharmacologic re-activation of PP2A phosphatase led to growth suppression, enhanced apoptosis, impaired clonogenic potential and decreased in vivo leukaemogenesis of imatinib-sensitive and -resistant (T315I included) CML-BC patient cells and/or BCR/ABL+ myeloid progenitor cell lines. Thus, the combination of PP2A phosphatase-activating and BCR/ABL kinase-inhibiting drugs may represent a powerful therapeutic strategy for blast crisis CML patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Perrotti
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Takadera T, Ohyashiki T. Prevention of rat cortical neurons from prostaglandin E2-induced apoptosis by glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitors. Neurosci Lett 2006; 400:105-9. [PMID: 16504398 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2005] [Revised: 01/16/2006] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induction and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) elevation have been reported to occur after cerebral ischemic insult. PGE(2) induces apoptosis through the PGE(2) EP2 receptor by a cAMP-dependent pathway. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) affects many fundamental cellular functions. We examined whether GSK-3 is involved in PGE(2)-induced cell death by using GSK-3 inhibitors in rat cultured cortical neurons. Cells treated with 12.5 microM PGE(2) for 2 days shrank. The injured cells underwent chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation detected by staining with Hoechst33258, indicating apoptotic cell death. We assayed the effects of selective GSK-3 inhibitors SB216763 and alsteropaullone on PGE(2)-induced apoptosis. These inhibitors completely protected the cells from apoptosis induced by PGE(2). Moreover, dibutyryl cAMP (a cell permeable cAMP)-induced apoptosis was also prevented by alsteropaullone. In addition, GSK-3 inhibitors inhibited caspase-3 activation accompanied by PGE(2)-induced apoptosis. We showed in this report that PGE(2)-induced apoptosis is prevented by GSK-3 inhibitors, suggesting that PGE(2) induces caspase-dependent apoptosis mediated through GSK-3 activation in rat cultured cortical neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuneo Takadera
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1148, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lerner A, Epstein P. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases as targets for treatment of haematological malignancies. Biochem J 2006; 393:21-41. [PMID: 16336197 PMCID: PMC1383661 DOI: 10.1042/bj20051368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The cAMP signalling pathway has emerged as a key regulator of haematopoietic cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In parallel, general understanding of the biology of cyclic nucleotide PDEs (phosphodiesterases) has advanced considerably, revealing the remarkable complexity of this enzyme system that regulates the amplitude, kinetics and location of intracellular cAMP-mediated signalling. The development of therapeutic inhibitors of specific PDE gene families has resulted in a growing appreciation of the potential therapeutic application of PDE inhibitors to the treatment of immune-mediated illnesses and haematopoietic malignancies. This review summarizes the expression and function of PDEs in normal haematopoietic cells and the evidence that family-specific inhibitors will be therapeutically useful in myeloid and lymphoid malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Lerner
- *Evans Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, U.S.A
- †Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, U.S.A
| | - Paul M. Epstein
- ‡Department of Pharmacology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, U.S.A
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yang X, Bentink S, Spang R. Detecting common gene expression patterns in multiple cancer outcome entities. Biomed Microdevices 2005; 7:247-51. [PMID: 16133813 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-005-3032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Most oncological microarray studies focus on molecular distinctions in different cancer entities. Recently, researchers started using microarrays for investigating molecular commonalities of multiple cancer types. This poses novel bioinformatics challenges. In this paper we describe a method that detects common molecular mechanisms in different cancer entities. The method extends previously described concepts by introducing Meta-Analysis Pattern Matches. In an analysis of four prognostic cancer studies, involving breast cancer, leukemia, and mesothelioma, we are able to identify 42 genes that show consistent up- or down-regulation in patients with a poor disease outcome. These genes complement the set of previously published candidates for universal prognostic markers in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinan Yang
- Computational Diagnostics Group, Department of Computational Molecular Biology, MPI for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr. 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|