1
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Hagiyama M, Yoneshige A, Wada A, Kimura R, Ito S, Inoue T, Takeuchi F, Ito A. Efficient intracellular drug delivery by co-administration of two antibodies against cell adhesion molecule 1. J Control Release 2024; 371:603-618. [PMID: 38782061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), a single-pass transmembrane protein, is involved in oncogenesis. We previously demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of anti-CADM1 ectodomain monoclonal antibodies against mesothelioma; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In the present study, we explored the molecular behavior of anti-CADM1 antibodies in CADM1-expressing tumor cells. Sequencing analyses revealed that the anti-CADM1 chicken monoclonal antibodies 3E1 and 9D2 are IgY and IgM isotype antibodies, respectively. Co-administration of 3E1 and 9D2 altered the subcellular distribution of CADM1 from the detergent-soluble fraction to the detergent-resistant fraction in tumor cells. Using recombinant chicken-mouse chimeric antibodies that had been isotype-switched from IgG to IgM, we demonstrated that the combination of the variable region of 3E1 and the constant region of IgM was required for CADM1 relocation. Cytochemical studies showed that 3E1 colocalized with late endosomes/lysosomes after co-administration with 9D2, suggesting that the CADM1-antibody complex is internalized from the cell surface to intracellular compartments by lipid-raft mediated endocytosis. Finally, 3E1 was conjugated with the antimitotic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a cathepsin-cleavable linker. Co-administration of 3E1-monomethyl auristatin E and 9D2 suppressed the growth of multiple types of tumor cells, and this anti-tumor activity was confirmed in a syngeneic mouse model of melanoma. 3E1 and 9D2 are promising drug delivery vehicles for CADM1-expressing tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Hagiyama
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Azusa Yoneshige
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Wada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Kimura
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Ito
- Medical Research Support Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takao Inoue
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fuka Takeuchi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ito
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan.
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2
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Gallo E, Diaferia C, Smaldone G, Rosa E, Pecoraro G, Morelli G, Accardo A. Fmoc-FF hydrogels and nanogels for improved and selective delivery of dexamethasone in leukemic cells and diagnostic applications. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9940. [PMID: 38688930 PMCID: PMC11061151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60145-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (DEX) is a synthetic analogue of cortisol commonly used for the treatment of different pathological conditions, comprising cancer, ocular disorders, and COVID-19 infection. Its clinical use is hampered by the low solubility and severe side effects due to its systemic administration. The capability of peptide-based nanosystems, like hydrogels (HGs) and nanogels (NGs), to serve as vehicles for the passive targeting of active pharmaceutical ingredients and the selective internalization into leukemic cells has here been demonstrated. Peptide based HGs loaded with DEX were formulated via the "solvent-switch" method, using Fmoc-FF homopeptide as building block. Due to the tight interaction of the drug with the peptidic matrix, a significant stiffening of the gel (G' = 67.9 kPa) was observed. The corresponding injectable NGs, obtained from the sub-micronization of the HG, in the presence of two stabilizing agents (SPAN®60 and TWEEN®60, 48/52 w/w), were found to be stable up to 90 days, with a mean diameter of 105 nm. NGs do not exhibit hemolytic effects on human serum, moreover they are selectively internalized by RS4;11 leukemic cells over healthy PBMCs, paving the way for the generation of new diagnostic strategies targeting onco-hematological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Gallo
- IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB) "Carlo Pedone", University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB) "Carlo Pedone", University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB) "Carlo Pedone", University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB) "Carlo Pedone", University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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3
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Sudo H, Tonoyama Y, Ikebe E, Hasegawa H, Iha H, Ishida YI. Proteomic analysis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: A biomarker identification strategy based on preparation and in-solution digestion methods of total proteins. Leuk Res 2024; 138:107454. [PMID: 38452534 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2024.107454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection, is a malignant hematologic cancer that remains difficult to cure. We herein established a biomarker identification strategy based on the total cell proteomics of cultured ATL cells to search for novel ATL biomarkers. Four protocols with a combination of selected conditions based on lysis buffers and addition agents for total cell proteomics were used for a differential analysis between the ATL cell group (consisting of 11 cell lines), HTLV-1-infected cell group (consisting of 6 cell lines), and HTLV-1-negative cell group (consisting of 6 cell lines). In the analysis, we identified 24 and 27 proteins that were significantly increased (ratio ≥2.0, p < 0.05) and decreased (ratio ≤ 0.5, p < 0.05), respectively, in the ATL group. Previously reported CCL3 and CD30/TNFRSF8 were confirmed to be among significantly increased proteins. Furthermore, correlation analysis between identified proteins and Tax suggested that RASSF2 and GORASP2 were candidates of novel Tax-regulated factors. The biomarker identification strategy established herein is expected to contribute to the identification of biomarkers for ATL and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Sudo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 244-0806, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tonoyama
- Support Center for Student Practical Lab, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 244-0806, Japan
| | - Emi Ikebe
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Hiroo Hasegawa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Iha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan; Division of Pathophysiology, The Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases (RCGLID), Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Yo-Ichi Ishida
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 244-0806, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
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4
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Xie B, Zhao L, Zhang Z, Zhou C, Tian Y, Kang Y, Chen J, Wei H, Li L. CADM1 impairs the effect of miR-1246 on promoting cell cycle progression in chemo-resistant leukemia cells. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:955. [PMID: 37814227 PMCID: PMC10561441 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The interruption of normal cell cycle execution acts as an important part to the development of leukemia. It was reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) were closely related to tumorigenesis and progression, and their aberrant expression had been demonstrated to play a crucial role in numerous types of cancer. Our previous study showed that miR-1246 was preferentially overexpressed in chemo-resistant leukemia cell lines, and participated in process of cell cycle progression and multidrug resistant regulation. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In present study, bioinformatics prediction and dual luciferase reporter assay indicated that CADM1 was a direct target of miR-1246. Evidently decreased expression of CADM1 was observed in relapsed primary leukemia patients and chemo-resistant cell lines. Our results furtherly proved that inhibition of miR-1246 could significantly enhance drug sensitivity to Adriamycin (ADM), induce cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, promote cell apoptosis, and relieve its suppression on CADM1 in K562/ADM and HL-60/RS cells. Interference with CADM1 could reduce the increased drug sensitivity induced by miR-1246 inhibition, and notably restore drug resistance by promoting cell cycle progression and cell survival via regulating CDKs/Cyclins complexes in chemo-resistant leukemia cells. Above all, our results demonstrated that CADM1 attenuated the role of miR-1246 in promoting cell cycle progression and cell survival, thus influencing multidrug resistance within chemo-resistant leukemia cells via CDKs/Cyclins. Higher expression of miR-1246 and lower expression of CADM1 might be risk factors for leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Xie
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- Shaanxi Meili Omni-Honesty Animal Health Co., Ltd, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhewen Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Cunmin Zhou
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Ye Tian
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yingying Kang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Hulai Wei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Linjing Li
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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5
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Neinaa YMEH, El-Maadawy IH, Atteia IA, Mohamed DAEA. Cell adhesion molecule 1 expression in mycosis fungoides versus parapsoriasis versus inflammatory dermatosis: an immunohistochemical comparative study. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:2403-2411. [PMID: 36943432 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) is one of the immunoglobulin super family adhesion molecules, that is proposed to contribute in the pathogenesis of various types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, including mycosis fungoides (MF). In this work, we decided to examine the immunohistochemical expression of CADM1 in MF specimens compared to premycotic parapsoriasis, benign inflammatory dermatosis and normal control skin specimens. 125 participants were enrolled (50 MF, 25 parapsoriasis, 25 inflammatory dermatosis, and 25 healthy controls). Patients were selected from the Outpatient Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology Department, Tanta University Hospitals. From all, 4 mm punch skin biopsies were taken and examined for CADM1 immunohistochemical expression. The current study revealed statistically significant upregulation of CADM1 expression in MF specimens in comparison to parapsoriasis, inflammatory dermatosis, and normal control specimens. Additionally, there was statistically significant positive correlation between CADM1 expression and progression of TNMB staging of MF disease. Therefore, it is possible to recommend CADM1 as a beneficial diagnostic immunohistochemical marker for differentiation between early stages of MF and both the premycotic parapsoriasis and benign inflammatory dermatosis. Moreover, it may be of value in early detection of neoplastic transformation of parapsoriasis as well as in assessment of MF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yomna Mazid El-Hamd Neinaa
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
- Dermatopathology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Iman Hamed El-Maadawy
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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6
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Wu G, Yoshida N, Liu J, Zhang X, Xiong Y, Heavican-Foral TB, Mandato E, Liu H, Nelson GM, Yang L, Chen R, Donovan KA, Jones MK, Roshal M, Zhang Y, Xu R, Nirmal AJ, Jain S, Leahy C, Jones KL, Stevenson KE, Galasso N, Ganesan N, Chang T, Wu WC, Louissaint A, Debaize L, Yoon H, Cin PD, Chan WC, Sui SJH, Ng SY, Feldman AL, Horwitz SM, Adelman K, Fischer ES, Chen CW, Weinstock DM, Brown M. TP63 fusions drive multicomplex enhancer rewiring, lymphomagenesis, and EZH2 dependence. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadi7244. [PMID: 37729434 PMCID: PMC11014717 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adi7244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Gene fusions involving tumor protein p63 gene (TP63) occur in multiple T and B cell lymphomas and portend a dismal prognosis for patients. The function and mechanisms of TP63 fusions remain unclear, and there is no target therapy for patients with lymphoma harboring TP63 fusions. Here, we show that TP63 fusions act as bona fide oncogenes and are essential for fusion-positive lymphomas. Transgenic mice expressing TBL1XR1::TP63, the most common TP63 fusion, develop diverse lymphomas that recapitulate multiple human T and B cell lymphomas. Here, we identify that TP63 fusions coordinate the recruitment of two epigenetic modifying complexes, the nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR)-histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) by the N-terminal TP63 fusion partner and the lysine methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D) by the C-terminal TP63 component, which are both required for fusion-dependent survival. TBL1XR1::TP63 localization at enhancers drives a unique cell state that involves up-regulation of MYC and the polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2) components EED and EZH2. Inhibiting EZH2 with the therapeutic agent valemetostat is highly effective at treating transgenic lymphoma murine models, xenografts, and patient-derived xenografts harboring TP63 fusions. One patient with TP63-rearranged lymphoma showed a rapid response to valemetostat treatment. In summary, TP63 fusions link partner components that, together, coordinate multiple epigenetic complexes, resulting in therapeutic vulnerability to EZH2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongwei Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber
Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Noriaki Yoshida
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Current address: Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, MA
02215, USA
| | - Jihe Liu
- Harvard Chan Bioinformatics Core, Harvard T.H. Chan School
of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge,
MA 02142, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer
Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,
Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular
Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tayla B. Heavican-Foral
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Elisa Mandato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Huiyun Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Geoffrey M. Nelson
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular
Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive
Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Renee Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive
Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Katherine A. Donovan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,
Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular
Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcus K. Jones
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mikhail Roshal
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yanming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ajit J. Nirmal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Salvia Jain
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA
02114, USA
| | - Catharine Leahy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kristen L. Jones
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kristen E. Stevenson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Natasha Galasso
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nivetha Ganesan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tiffany Chang
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wen-Chao Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Abner Louissaint
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lydie Debaize
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hojong Yoon
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,
Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular
Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paola Dal Cin
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wing C. Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center,
Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Shannan J. Ho Sui
- Harvard Chan Bioinformatics Core, Harvard T.H. Chan School
of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samuel Y. Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic College of
Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Andrew L. Feldman
- Current address: Department of Clinical Studies,
Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, 7320815, Japan
| | - Steven M. Horwitz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Karen Adelman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge,
MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular
Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eric S. Fischer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,
Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular
Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive
Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - David M. Weinstock
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge,
MA 02142, USA
- Current address: Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, MA
02215, USA
| | - Myles Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber
Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Knaneh J, Hodak E, Fedida-Metula S, Edri A, Eren R, Yoffe Y, Amitay-Laish I, Prag Naveh H, Lubin I, Porgador A, Moyal L. mAb14, a Monoclonal Antibody against Cell Surface PCNA: A Potential Tool for Sezary Syndrome Diagnosis and Targeted Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4421. [PMID: 37686697 PMCID: PMC10486495 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are the most common types of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is expressed on the cell surface of cancer cells (csPCNA), but not on normal cells. It functions as an immune checkpoint ligand by interacting with natural killer (NK) cells through the NK inhibitory receptor NKp44, leading to the inhibition of NK cytotoxicity. A monoclonal antibody (mAb14) was established to detect csPCNA on cancer cells and block their interaction with NKp44. In this study, three CTCL cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with SS and healthy donors were analyzed for csPCNA using mAb14, compared to monoclonal antibody PC10, against nuclear PCNA (nPCNA). The following assays were used: immunostaining, imaging flow cytometry, flow cytometry, cell sorting, cell cycle analysis, ELISA, and the NK-cell cytotoxic assay. mAb14 successfully detected PCNA on the membrane and in the cytoplasm of viable CTCL cell lines associated with the G2/M phase. In the Sézary PBMCs, csPCNA was expressed on lymphoma cells that had an atypical morphology and not on normal cells. Furthermore, it was not expressed on PBMCs from healthy donors. In the co-culture of peripheral blood NK (pNK) cells with CTCL lines, mAb14 increased the secretion of IFN-γ, indicating the reactivation of pNK activity. However, mAb14 did not enhance the cytotoxic activity of pNK cells against CTCL cell lines. The unique expression of csPCNA detected by mAb14 suggests that csPCNA and mAb14 may serve as a potential biomarker and tool, respectively, for detecting malignant cells in SS and possibly other CTCL variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Knaneh
- Laboratory for Molecular Dermatology, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (J.K.); (E.H.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (I.A.-L.); (H.P.N.)
| | - Emmilia Hodak
- Laboratory for Molecular Dermatology, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (J.K.); (E.H.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (I.A.-L.); (H.P.N.)
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | | | - Avishay Edri
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410101, Israel; (A.E.); (A.P.)
| | - Rachel Eren
- PiNK Biopharma Ltd., Ness Ziona 7403648, Israel; (S.F.-M.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yael Yoffe
- PiNK Biopharma Ltd., Ness Ziona 7403648, Israel; (S.F.-M.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Iris Amitay-Laish
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (I.A.-L.); (H.P.N.)
- Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | - Hadas Prag Naveh
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (I.A.-L.); (H.P.N.)
- Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | - Ido Lubin
- Core Facility, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Angel Porgador
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410101, Israel; (A.E.); (A.P.)
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410101, Israel
| | - Lilach Moyal
- Laboratory for Molecular Dermatology, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (J.K.); (E.H.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (I.A.-L.); (H.P.N.)
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 4941492, Israel
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8
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Hermans D, van Beers L, Broux B. Nectin Family Ligands Trigger Immune Effector Functions in Health and Autoimmunity. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:452. [PMID: 36979144 PMCID: PMC10045777 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The superfamily of immunoglobulin cell-adhesion molecules (IgCAMs) is a well-known family of cell-adhesion molecules used for immune-cell extravasation and cell-cell interaction. Amongst others, this family includes DNAX accessory molecule 1 (DNAM-1/CD226), class-I-restricted T-cell-associated molecule (CRTAM/CD355), T-cell-activated increased late expression (Tactile/CD96), T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), Nectins and Nectin-like molecules (Necls). Besides using these molecules to migrate towards inflammatory sites, their interactions within the immune system can support the immunological synapse with antigen-presenting cells or target cells for cytotoxicity, and trigger diverse effector functions. Although their role is generally described in oncoimmunity, this review emphasizes recent advances in the (dys)function of Nectin-family ligands in health, chronic inflammatory conditions and autoimmune diseases. In addition, this review provides a detailed overview on the expression pattern of Nectins and Necls and their ligands on different immune-cell types by focusing on human cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doryssa Hermans
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (D.H.); (L.v.B.)
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Hasselt, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Lisa van Beers
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (D.H.); (L.v.B.)
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Hasselt, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bieke Broux
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (D.H.); (L.v.B.)
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Hasselt, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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9
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Xu H, Jia J, Jeong HH, Zhao Z. Deep learning for detecting and elucidating human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 integration in the human genome. PATTERNS (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 4:100674. [PMID: 36873907 PMCID: PMC9982299 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2022.100674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a retrovirus, is the causative agent for adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and many other human diseases. Accurate and high throughput detection of HTLV-1 virus integration sites (VISs) across the host genomes plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of HTLV-1-associated diseases. Here, we developed DeepHTLV, the first deep learning framework for VIS prediction de novo from genome sequence, motif discovery, and cis-regulatory factor identification. We demonstrated the high accuracy of DeepHTLV with more efficient and interpretive feature representations. Decoding the informative features captured by DeepHTLV resulted in eight representative clusters with consensus motifs for potential HTLV-1 integration. Furthermore, DeepHTLV revealed interesting cis-regulatory elements in regulation of VISs that have significant association with the detected motifs. Literature evidence demonstrated nearly half (34) of the predicted transcription factors enriched with VISs were involved in HTLV-1-associated diseases. DeepHTLV is freely available at https://github.com/bsml320/DeepHTLV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Xu
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Johnathan Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyun-Hwan Jeong
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
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10
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Umekita K, Hashikura Y, Takaki A, Kimura M, Kawano K, Iwao C, Miyauchi S, Kawaguchi T, Matsuda M, Hashiba Y, Hidaka T. HAS-Flow May Be an Adequate Method for Evaluating Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Infected Cells in Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1-Positive Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Receiving Antirheumatic Therapies: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Observation Study. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020468. [PMID: 36851682 PMCID: PMC9967177 DOI: 10.3390/v15020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aims to assess the usefulness of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected cell analysis using flow cytometry (HAS-Flow) as a monitoring method for adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) development in HTLV-1-positive patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) under treatment with antirheumatic therapies. A total of 13 HTLV-1-negative and 57 HTLV-1-positive RA patients participated in this study, which was used to collect clinical and laboratory data, including HAS-Flow and HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL), which were then compared between the two groups. CADM1 expression on CD4+ cells in peripheral blood (PB) was used to identify HTLV-1-infected cells. The population of CADM1+ CD4+ cells was significantly higher in HTLV-1-positive RA patients compared to HTLV-1-negative RA patients. The population of CADM1+ CD4+ cells was correlated with HTLV-1 PVL values. There were no antirheumatic therapies affecting both the expression of CADM1 on CD4+ cells and PVLs. Six HTLV-1-positive RA patients who indicated both high HTLV-1 PVL and a predominant pattern of CADM1+ CD7neg CD4+ cells in HAS-Flow can be classified as high-risk for ATL progression. HAS-Flow could be a useful method for monitoring high-risk HTLV-1-positive RA patients who are at risk of developing ATL during antirheumatic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiko Umekita
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara 5200, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Kihara 5200, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-985-85-7284
| | - Yuki Hashikura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Kihara 5200, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Akira Takaki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Kihara 5200, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kimura
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara 5200, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Katsumi Kawano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Kihara 5200, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Chihiro Iwao
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara 5200, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Shunichi Miyauchi
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara 5200, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawaguchi
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara 5200, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Motohiro Matsuda
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara 5200, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Yayoi Hashiba
- Institute of Rheumatology, Miyazaki Zenjinkai Hospital, Miyazaki 880-0834, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Hidaka
- Institute of Rheumatology, Miyazaki Zenjinkai Hospital, Miyazaki 880-0834, Japan
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11
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Viral, genetic, and immune factors in the oncogenesis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Int J Hematol 2023; 117:504-511. [PMID: 36705848 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03547-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a malignancy of mature CD4 + T cells induced by human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1). HTLV-1 maintains life-long infection in the human host by clonal proliferation of infected cells and cell-to-cell spread of the virus. Two viral genes, tax and HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ), promote expansion of infected cells through the important roles they play in acceleration of cell proliferation and protection from cell death. Long-term survival of infected clones in vivo causes genetic mutations and aberrant epigenetic changes to accumulate in host genes, resulting in the emergence of an ATL clone. Recent advances in sequencing technology have revealed the broad picture of genetic and transcriptional abnormalities in ATL cells. ATL cells have hyper-proliferative and anti-apoptotic signatures like those observed in other malignancies, but also notably have traits related to immune evasion. ATL cells exhibit a regulatory T-cell-like immuno-phenotype due to both the function of HBZ and mutation of several host genes, such as CCR4 and CIC. These findings suggest that immune evasion is a critical step in the oncogenesis of ATL, and thus novel therapies that activate anti-ATL/HTLV-1 immunity may be effective in the treatment and prevention of ATL.
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12
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Acute type adult T-cell leukemia cells proliferate in the lymph nodes rather than in peripheral blood. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:1570-1577. [PMID: 35459881 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00475-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A massive increase in the number of mature CD4+ T-cells in peripheral blood (PB) is a defining characteristic of acute type of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). To date, the site of proliferation of ATL cells in the body has been unclear. In an attempt to address this question, we examined the expression of the proliferation marker, Ki-67, in freshly isolated ATL cells from PB and lymph nodes (LNs) of patients with various types of ATL. Our findings reveal that LN-ATL cells display higher expression of the Ki-67 antigen than PB-ATL cells in acute type patients. The gene expression of T-cell quiescence regulators such as Krüppel-like factor 2/6 and forkhead box protein 1 was substantially high in acute type PB-ATL cells. The expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase, which is involved in T-cell expansion, was significantly low in PB-ATL cells from acute type patients, similar to that in normal resting T-cells. These findings suggest that ATL cells proliferate in the LNs rather than in PB.
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13
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Engelmann C, Schuhmachers P, Zdimerova H, Virdi S, Hauri-Hohl M, Pachlopnik Schmid J, Grundhoff A, Marsh RA, Wong WWL, Münz C. Epstein Barr virus-mediated transformation of B cells from XIAP-deficient patients leads to increased expression of the tumor suppressor CADM1. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:892. [PMID: 36270981 PMCID: PMC9587222 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05337-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) is either caused by loss of the SLAM-associated protein (SAP; XLP-1) or the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP; XLP-2). In both instances, infection with the oncogenic human Epstein Barr virus (EBV) leads to pathology, but EBV-associated lymphomas only emerge in XLP-1 patients. Therefore, we investigated the role of XIAP during B cell transformation by EBV. Using humanized mice, IAP inhibition in EBV-infected mice led to a loss of B cells and a tendency to lower viral titers and lymphomagenesis. Loss of memory B cells was also observed in four newly described patients with XIAP deficiency. EBV was able to transform their B cells into lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) with similar growth characteristics to patient mothers' LCLs in vitro and in vivo. Gene expression analysis revealed modest elevated lytic EBV gene transcription as well as the expression of the tumor suppressor cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1). CADM1 expression on EBV-infected B cells might therefore inhibit EBV-associated lymphomagenesis in patients and result in the absence of EBV-associated malignancies in XLP-2 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Engelmann
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Schuhmachers
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hana Zdimerova
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sanamjeet Virdi
- grid.418481.00000 0001 0665 103XVirus Genomics, Heinrich Pette Institute, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Hauri-Hohl
- grid.412341.10000 0001 0726 4330Division of Immunology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jana Pachlopnik Schmid
- grid.412341.10000 0001 0726 4330Division of Immunology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adam Grundhoff
- grid.418481.00000 0001 0665 103XVirus Genomics, Heinrich Pette Institute, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rebecca A. Marsh
- grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Wendy Wei-Lynn Wong
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Cell Death and Regulation of Inflammation, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Münz
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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14
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KIR3DL2 contributes to the typing of acute adult T-cell leukemia and is a potential therapeutic target. Blood 2022; 140:1522-1532. [PMID: 35687761 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is a lymphoid neoplasm caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), which encodes the transcriptional activator Tax, which participates in the immortalization of infected T cells. ATL is classified into 4 subtypes: smoldering, chronic, acute, and lymphoma. We determined whether natural killer receptors (NKRs) were expressed in ATL. NKR expression (KIR2DL1/2DS1, KIR2DL2/2DL3/2DS2, KIR3DL2, NKG2A, NKG2C, and NKp46) was assessed in a discovery cohort of 21 ATL, and KIR3DL2 was then assessed in 71 patients with ATL. KIR3DL2 was the only NKR among those studied frequently expressed by acute-type vs lymphoma- and chronic/smoldering-type ATL (36 of 40, 4 of 16, and 1 of 15, respectively; P = .001), although acute- and lymphoma-type ATL had similar mutation profiles by targeted exome sequencing. The correlation of KIR3DL2 expression with promoter demethylation was determined by microarray-based DNA methylation profiling. To explore the role of HTLV-1, KIR3DL2 and TAX messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were assessed by PrimeFlow RNA in primary ATL and in CD4+ T cells infected with HTLV-1 in vitro. TAX mRNA and KIR3DL2 protein expressions were correlated on ATL cells. HTLV-1 infection triggered KIR3DL2 by CD4+ cells but Tax alone did not induce KIR3DL2 expression. Ex vivo, autologous, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity using lacutamab, a first-in-class anti-KIR3DL2 humanized antibody, selectively killed KIR3DL2+ primary ATL cells ex vivo. To conclude, KIR3DL2 expression is associated with acute-type ATL. Transcription of KIR3DL2 may be triggered by HTLV-1 infection and correlates with hypomethylation of the promoter. The benefit of targeting KIR3DL2 with lacutamab is being further explored in a randomized phase 2 study in peripheral T-cell lymphoma, including ATL (registered on https://clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT04984837).
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15
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Chan KYY, Chung PY, Zhang C, Poon ENY, Leung AWK, Leung KT. R4 RGS proteins as fine tuners of immature and mature hematopoietic cell trafficking. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:785-797. [PMID: 35694792 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1mr0422-475r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most diverse group of membrane receptors. They are involved in almost every physiologic process and consequently have a pivotal role in an extensive number of pathologies, including genetic, neurologic, and immune system disorders. Indeed, the vast array of GPCRs mechanisms have led to the development of a tremendous number of drug therapies and already account for about a third of marketed drugs. These receptors mediate their downstream signals primarily via G proteins. The regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins are now in the spotlight as the critical modulatory factors of active GTP-bound Gα subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins to fine-tune the biologic responses driven by the GPCRs. Also, they possess noncanonical functions by multiple mechanisms, such as protein-protein interactions. Essential roles and impacts of these RGS proteins have been revealed in physiology, including hematopoiesis and immunity, and pathologies, including asthma, cancers, and neurologic disorders. This review focuses on the largest subfamily of R4 RGS proteins and provides a brief overview of their structures and G-proteins selectivity. With particular interest, we explore and highlight, their expression in the hematopoietic system and the regulation in the engraftment of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Distinct expression patterns of R4 RGS proteins in the hematopoietic system and their pivotal roles in stem cell trafficking pave the way for realizing new strategies for enhancing the clinical performance of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Finally, we discuss the exciting future trends in drug development by targeting RGS activity and expression with small molecules inhibitors and miRNA approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Yuen Yee Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Po Yee Chung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ellen Ngar Yun Poon
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alex Wing Kwan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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16
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Kasai Y, Gan SP, Funaki T, Ohashi‐Kumagai Y, Tominaga M, Shiu S, Suzuki D, Matsubara D, Sakamoto T, Sakurai‐Yageta M, Ito T, Murakami Y. Trans-homophilic interaction of CADM1 promotes organ infiltration of T-cell lymphoma by adhesion to vascular endothelium. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1669-1678. [PMID: 35213073 PMCID: PMC9128163 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial step of organ infiltration of malignant cells is the interaction with host vascular endothelial cells, which is often mediated by specific combinations of cell adhesion molecules. Cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) is overexpressed in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and provides a cell-surface diagnostic marker. CADM1 promotes the adhesion of ATL cells to vascular endothelial cells and multiple organ infiltration in mice. However, its binding partner on host cells has not yet been identified. In this study, we show that CADM1 promotes transendothelial migration of ATL cells in addition to the adhesion to vascular endothelial cells. Moreover, CADM1 enhances liver infiltration of mouse T-cell lymphoma cells, EL4, after tail vein injection, whereas a CADM1 mutant lacking adhesive activity did not. Among the known CADM1-binding proteins expressed in primary endothelial cells, only CADM1 and CADM4 could induce morphological extension of ATL cells when plated onto glass coated with these proteins. Furthermore, CADM1-mediated liver infiltration of EL4 cells was canceled in conventional and vascular endothelium-specific Cadm1 knockout mice, whereas it was not canceled in Cadm4 knockout mice. These results suggest that CADM1 on host vascular endothelial cells is required for organ infiltration of ATL and other T-cell lymphomas expressing CADM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Kasai
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Siew Pey Gan
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Toko Funaki
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yuki Ohashi‐Kumagai
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Mizuki Tominaga
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Shu‐Jen Shiu
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Daisuke Matsubara
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Diagnostic PathologyUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Takeharu Sakamoto
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Cancer BiologyInstitute of Biomedical ScienceKansai Medical UniversityHirakataJapan
| | - Mika Sakurai‐Yageta
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank OrganizationTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Takeshi Ito
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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17
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Clonal Selection and Evolution of HTLV-1-Infected Cells Driven by Genetic and Epigenetic Alteration. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030587. [PMID: 35336993 PMCID: PMC8950914 DOI: 10.3390/v14030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) acquire various abnormalities during a long latent period and transform into highly malignant adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) cells. This can be described as “clonal evolution”, in which a single clone evolves into ATL cells after overcoming various selective pressures in the body of the infected individuals. Many studies have shown that the genome and epigenome contain a variety of abnormalities, which are reflected in gene expression patterns and define the characteristics of the disease. The latest research findings suggest that epigenomic disorders are thought to begin forming early in infection and evolve into ATL through further changes and accentuation as they progress. Genomic abnormalities profoundly affect clonal dominance and tumor cell characteristics in later events. ATL harbors both genomic and epigenomic abnormalities, and an accurate understanding of these can be expected to provide therapeutic opportunities.
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18
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Yuan J, Kihara T, Kimura N, Yamasaki T, Yoshida M, Isozaki K, Ito A, Hirota S. CADM1 promotes adhesion to vascular endothelial cells and transendothelial migration in cultured GIST cells. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:86. [PMID: 35126728 PMCID: PMC8805184 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the human gastrointestinal tract. Small intestinal GISTs appear to be associated with poorer prognosis and higher metastasis rate than gastric GISTs of the same size and mitotic index. Recently, we reported that cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) is expressed specifically in most small intestinal GISTs, but not in most gastric GISTs, suggesting that this difference in CADM1 expression between gastric GISTs and small intestinal GISTs might influence the difference in clinical behavior between them. The aim of the present study was to examine whether high CADM1 expression affected proliferation, migration, invasion, adhesion to endothelial cells and transendothelial migration of cultured GIST cells by comparing original GIST-T1 cells with very low CADM1 expression with GIST-T1 cells with high CADM1 expression induced by CADM1 cDNA transfection (GIST-T1-CAD cells). GIST-T1-CAD cells had reduced ability to proliferate, migrate and invade compared with the original GIST-T1 cells, but showed significantly higher ability to adhere to human umbilical vein endothelial cells and migrate through endothelial cell monolayers. Thus, CADM1 may contribute to higher metastasis rates in small intestinal GISTs facilitating tumor cell adhesion to vascular endothelial cell and transendothelial migration of tumor cells. CADM1 might serve as a potential target for inhibition of metastasis in small intestinal GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takako Kihara
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Neinei Kimura
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamasaki
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshida
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Koji Isozaki
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ito
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Seiichi Hirota
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
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Matsuda-Hirose H, Nashimoto Y, Tanabe A, Ogata M, Iwao M, Mizukami K, Nishida H, Hatano Y. Thrombophlebitis Migrans As the Prodrome of Adult T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma. Ann Dermatol 2022; 34:312-314. [PMID: 35948337 PMCID: PMC9365648 DOI: 10.5021/ad.20.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuko Nashimoto
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Aki Tanabe
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Masao Ogata
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Masao Iwao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Mizukami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Haruto Nishida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hatano
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
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20
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Yoshie O. CCR4 as a Therapeutic Target for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215542. [PMID: 34771703 PMCID: PMC8583476 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary CCR4 is a chemokine receptor selectively expressed on normal T cell subsets such as type 2 helper T cells, skin-homing T cells and regulatory T cells, and on skin-associated T cell malignancies such as adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), which is etiologically associated with human T lymphocyte virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCLs). Mogamulizumab is a fully humanized and glyco-engineered monoclonal anti-CCR4 antibody used for the treatment of refractory/relapsed ATLL and CTCLs, often resulting in complete remission. The clinical applications of Mogamulizumab are now being extended to solid tumors, exploring the therapeutic effect of regulatory T cell depletion. This review overviews the expression of CCR4 in various T cell subsets, HTLV-1-infected T cells, ATLL and CTCLs, and the clinical applications of Mogamulizumab. Abstract CCR4 is a chemokine receptor mainly expressed by T cells. It is the receptor for two CC chemokine ligands, CCL17 and CCL22. Originally, the expression of CCR4 was described as highly selective for helper T type 2 (Th2) cells. Later, its expression was extended to other T cell subsets such as regulatory T (Treg) cells and Th17 cells. CCR4 has long been regarded as a potential therapeutic target for allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma. Furthermore, the findings showing that CCR4 is strongly expressed by T cell malignancies such as adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCLs) have led to the development and clinical application of the fully humanized and glyco-engineered monoclonal anti-CCR4 Mogamulizumab in refractory/relapsed ATLL and CTCLs with remarkable successes. However, Mogamulizumab often induces severe adverse events in the skin possibly because of its efficient depletion of Treg cells. In particular, treatment with Mogamulizumab prior to allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), the only curative option of these T cell malignancies, often leads to severe glucocorticoid-refractory graft-versus-host diseases. The efficient depletion of Treg cells by Mogamulizumab has also led to its clinical trials in advanced solid tumors singly or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The main focus of this review is CCR4; its expression on normal and malignant T cells and its significance as a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Yoshie
- Health and Kampo Institute, Sendai 981-3205, Japan;
- Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
- Aoinosono-Sendai Izumi Long-Term Health Care Facility, Sendai 981-3126, Japan
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21
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Jarahian M, Marofi F, Maashi MS, Ghaebi M, Khezri A, Berger MR. Re-Expression of Poly/Oligo-Sialylated Adhesion Molecules on the Surface of Tumor Cells Disrupts Their Interaction with Immune-Effector Cells and Contributes to Pathophysiological Immune Escape. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5203. [PMID: 34680351 PMCID: PMC8534074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans linked to surface proteins are the most complex biological macromolecules that play an active role in various cellular mechanisms. This diversity is the basis of cell-cell interaction and communication, cell growth, cell migration, as well as co-stimulatory or inhibitory signaling. Our review describes the importance of neuraminic acid and its derivatives as recognition elements, which are located at the outermost positions of carbohydrate chains linked to specific glycoproteins or glycolipids. Tumor cells, especially from solid tumors, mask themselves by re-expression of hypersialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), neuropilin-2 (NRP-2), or synaptic cell adhesion molecule 1 (SynCAM 1) in order to protect themselves against the cytotoxic attack of the also highly sialylated immune effector cells. More particularly, we focus on α-2,8-linked polysialic acid chains, which characterize carrier glycoproteins such as NCAM, NRP-2, or SynCam-1. This characteristic property correlates with an aggressive clinical phenotype and endows them with multiple roles in biological processes that underlie all steps of cancer progression, including regulation of cell-cell and/or cell-extracellular matrix interactions, as well as increased proliferation, migration, reduced apoptosis rate of tumor cells, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Specifically, re-expression of poly/oligo-sialylated adhesion molecules on the surface of tumor cells disrupts their interaction with immune-effector cells and contributes to pathophysiological immune escape. Further, sialylated glycoproteins induce immunoregulatory cytokines and growth factors through interactions with sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins. We describe the processes, which modulate the interaction between sialylated carrier glycoproteins and their ligands, and illustrate that sialic acids could be targets of novel therapeutic strategies for treatment of cancer and immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Jarahian
- German Cancer Research Center, Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665931, Iran;
| | - Marwah Suliman Maashi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Unit at King Fahad Medical Research Centre, Jeddah 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahnaz Ghaebi
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center (CGRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956184, Iran;
| | - Abdolrahman Khezri
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2418 Hamar, Norway;
| | - Martin R. Berger
- German Cancer Research Center, Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
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22
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Diagnosis of Early Mycosis Fungoides. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091721. [PMID: 34574062 PMCID: PMC8465146 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, generally has a favorable clinical course. Early MF typically presents erythematous patches and/or plaques and lasts for many years without affecting the life expectancy. Only limited cases progress to develop skin tumors, with subsequent lymph nodes and rarely visceral organ involvement. One of the clinical problems in early MF is the difficulty in differentiating the disease from benign inflammatory disorders (BIDs), such as atopic dermatitis, chronic eczema, and psoriasis. In some MF cases, clinical and pathological findings are similar to those of BIDs. However, the accurate diagnosis of early MF is quite important, as inappropriate treatment including immunosuppressants can cause unfavorable or even fatal outcomes. This article focuses on general methods and novel tools for diagnosis of early MF.
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23
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Antitumor effects of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine mediated by inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway through abrogation of autophagic p47 degradation in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256320. [PMID: 34407152 PMCID: PMC8372904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) originates from human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection due to the activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway to maintain proliferation and survival. An important mechanism of the activated NF-κB signaling pathway in ATLL is the activation of the macroautophagy (herafter referred to as autophagy in the remainder of this manuscript)-lysosomal degradation of p47 (NSFL1C), a negative regulator of the NF-κB pathway. Therefore, we considered the use of chloroquine (CQ) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) (CQ/HCQ) as an autophagy inhibitor to treat ATLL; these drugs were originally approved by the FDA as antimalarial drugs and have recently been used to treat autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this paper, we determined the therapeutic efficacy of CQ/HCQ, as NF-κB inhibitors, in ATLL mediated by blockade of p47 degradation. Administration of CQ/HCQ to ATLL cell lines and primary ATLL cells induced cell growth inhibition in a dose-dependent manner, and the majority of cells underwent apoptosis after CQ administration. As to the molecular mechanism, autophagy was inhibited in CQ-treated ATLL cells, and activation of the NF-κB pathway was suppressed with the restoration of the p47 level. When the antitumor effect of CQ/HCQ was examined using immunodeficient mice transplanted with ATLL cell lines, CQ/HCQ significantly suppressed tumor growth and improved the survival rate in the ATLL xenograft mouse model. Importantly, HCQ selectively induced ATLL cell death in the ATLL xenograft mouse model at the dose used to treat SLE. Taken together, our results suggest that the inhibition of autophagy by CQ/HCQ may become a novel and effective strategy for the treatment of ATLL.
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24
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Schnell AP, Kohrt S, Thoma-Kress AK. Latency Reversing Agents: Kick and Kill of HTLV-1? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115545. [PMID: 34073995 PMCID: PMC8197370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the cause of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), is a retrovirus, which integrates into the host genome and persistently infects CD4+ T-cells. Virus propagation is stimulated by (1) clonal expansion of infected cells and (2) de novo infection. Viral gene expression is induced by the transactivator protein Tax, which recruits host factors like positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) to the viral promoter. Since HTLV-1 gene expression is repressed in vivo by viral, cellular, and epigenetic mechanisms in late phases of infection, HTLV-1 avoids an efficient CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response directed against the immunodominant viral Tax antigen. Hence, therapeutic strategies using latency reversing agents (LRAs) sought to transiently activate viral gene expression and antigen presentation of Tax to enhance CTL responses towards HTLV-1, and thus, to expose the latent HTLV-1 reservoir to immune destruction. Here, we review strategies that aimed at enhancing Tax expression and Tax-specific CTL responses to interfere with HTLV-1 latency. Further, we provide an overview of LRAs including (1) histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) and (2) activators of P-TEFb, that have mainly been studied in context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but which may also be powerful in the context of HTLV-1.
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25
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Proteomic profiling of HTLV-1 carriers and ATL patients reveals sTNFR2 as a novel diagnostic biomarker for acute ATL. Blood Adv 2021; 4:1062-1071. [PMID: 32196559 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated T-cell malignancy with generally poor prognosis. Although only ∼5% of HTLV-1 carriers progress to ATL, early diagnosis is challenging because of the lack of ATL biomarkers. In this study, we analyzed blood plasma profiles of asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (ACs); untreated ATL patients, including acute, lymphoma, smoldering, and chronic types; and ATL patients in remission. Through SOMAscan, expression levels of 1305 plasma proteins were analyzed in 85 samples (AC, n = 40; ATL, n = 40; remission, n = 5). Using gene set enrichment analysis and gene ontology, overrepresented pathways in ATL vs AC included angiogenesis, inflammation by cytokines and chemokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6)/JAK/STAT3, and notch signaling. In selecting candidate biomarkers, we focused on soluble tumor necrosis factor 2 (sTNFR2) because of its active role in enriched pathways, extreme significance (Welch's t test P < .00001), high discrimination capacity (area under the curve >0.90), and novelty in ATL research. Quantification of sTNFR2 in 102 plasma samples (AC, n = 30; ATL, n = 68; remission, n = 4) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed remarkable elevations in acute ATL, at least 10 times those of AC samples, and return of sTNFR2 to AC state levels after achieving remission. Flow cytometry and immunostaining validated the expression of TNFR2 in ATL cells. No correlation between sIL-2 and sTNFR2 levels in acute ATL was found, suggesting the possibility of sTNFR2 as an independent biomarker. Our findings represent the first extensive blood-based proteomic analysis of ATL, suggesting the potential clinical utility of sTNFR2 in diagnosing acute ATL.
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26
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Saito-Sasaki N, Sawada Y, Okada E, Nakamura M. Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CADM1) Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Patients with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11050830. [PMID: 34064472 PMCID: PMC8147986 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecular 1 (CADM1) is a multifunctional cell adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, which suppresses malignant solid tumor development. However, the correlation between CADM1 expression and prognosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) patients remains unclear. In a retrospective analysis of 88 patients diagnosed with cSCC at our institution between January 2006 and December 2016, the degree of CADM1 expression in tumor cells was evaluated by immunostaining. Fifty-five and 33 patients had tumors with high and low CADM1 expression, respectively. Low CADM1 expression on the tumor was associated with poor differentiation, whereas the Kaplan–Meier curve and log-lank test indicated a favorable prognosis with high CADM1 expression. Multivariate analysis excluding the effect of the degree of differentiation and clinical stages showed that the hazard ratio (HR) of survival was significantly increased with low CADM1 expression. Thus, CADM1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for cSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Saito-Sasaki
- Correspondence: (N.S.-S.); (Y.S.); Tel.: +81-93-691-7445 (N.S.-S. & Y.S.); Fax: +81-93-691-0907 (N.S.-S. & Y.S.)
| | - Yu Sawada
- Correspondence: (N.S.-S.); (Y.S.); Tel.: +81-93-691-7445 (N.S.-S. & Y.S.); Fax: +81-93-691-0907 (N.S.-S. & Y.S.)
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27
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Yuan J, Kihara T, Kimura N, Hashikura Y, Ohkouchi M, Isozaki K, Takahashi T, Nishida T, Ito A, Hirota S. Differential Expression of CADM1 in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors of Different Sites and with Different Gene Abnormalities. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:602008. [PMID: 34257559 PMCID: PMC8262239 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.602008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), the most common mesenchymal tumor of the human gastrointestinal tract, differentiating toward the interstitial cell of Cajal (ICC), arises predominantly in the stomach and small intestine. Small intestinal GISTs appear to have worse prognosis than gastric GISTs. In a pilot study of a cDNA expression chip using several GISTs, we found that Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CADM1), which could contribute to tumor growth and infiltration, is expressed more strongly in small intestinal GISTs than gastric GISTs. In the present study, we examined CADM1 expression in GISTs of different sites and with different gene abnormalities using a large number of gastric and small intestinal GISTs. First, immunoblotting confirmed significantly higher CADM1 expression in small intestinal GISTs with exon 11 c-kit mutation than gastric GISTs with exon 11 c-kit mutation. Real-time PCR also revealed that small intestinal GISTs with exon 11 c-kit mutation showed significantly higher CADM1 mRNA than gastric GISTs with exon 11 c-kit mutation. Although most small intestinal GISTs showed high CADM1 mRNA expression regardless of gene abnormality types, different CADM1 expression was detected between gastric GISTs with c-kit mutation and those with PDGFRA mutation. Immunohistochemistry showed that many small intestinal GISTs were CADM1-positive but most gastric GISTs CADM1-negative or -indefinite. In the normal gastric and small intestinal walls, immunoreactivity of CADM1 was detected only in nerves, but neither in gastric ICCs nor small intestinal ICCs, indicating that the high CADM1expression in small intestinal GISTs might be acquired during tumorigenesis. Different CADM1 expression between gastric and small intestinal GISTs might be related to different prognoses between them. Further functional experiments are needed to elucidate the role of CADM1 on GIST biology, and there is a possibility that targeting therapy against CADM1 has a preventive effect for tumor spreading in small intestinal GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Takako Kihara
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Neinei Kimura
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yuka Hashikura
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Mizuka Ohkouchi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Koji Isozaki
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Departtment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Toshirou Nishida
- Japan Community Healthcare Organization (JCHO) Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ito
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seiichi Hirota
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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28
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Nosaka K, Matsuoka M. Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma as a viral disease: Subtypes based on viral aspects. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1688-1694. [PMID: 33630351 PMCID: PMC8088923 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) is caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. Among HTLV-1 encoded genes, HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ) and tax are critical for the leukemogenesis of ATL. Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma needs a long latent period before onset, indicating that both viral genes and alterations (genetic and epigenetic) of the host genome play important roles for leukemogenesis. Viral genes influence genetic and epigenetic changes of the host genome, indicating that the virus is of primary importance in leukemogenesis. HBZ is expressed in all ATL cases, whereas Tax expression is heterogeneous among ATL cases. Different patterns of viral gene expression in tumors are also observed for Epstein-Barr virus. We propose three subtypes of ATL cases based on Tax expression: high, intermittent, and lost expression. HBZ is detected in all ATL cases. Approximately 25% of all ATL cases lost Tax expression at infection of HTLV-1, indicating that HBZ is the only viral gene responsible for leukemogenesis in addition to genetic and epigenetic changes of the host genes in these ATL cases. The host immune responses to Tax are also implicated in the heterogeneity of ATL. Thus, ATL is a heterogeneous disease in terms of its viral gene expression, which is important for pathogenesis of this intractable lymphomatous neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisato Nosaka
- Department of Hematology Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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29
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Nakahata S, Syahrul C, Nakatake A, Sakamoto K, Yoshihama M, Nishikata I, Ukai Y, Matsuura T, Kameda T, Shide K, Kubuki Y, Hidaka T, Kitanaka A, Ito A, Takemoto S, Nakano N, Saito M, Iwanaga M, Sagara Y, Mochida K, Amano M, Maeda K, Sueoka E, Okayama A, Utsunomiya A, Shimoda K, Watanabe T, Morishita K. Clinical significance of soluble CADM1 as a novel marker for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Haematologica 2021; 106:532-542. [PMID: 32054656 PMCID: PMC7849584 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.234096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/leukemia (ATLL) is an aggressive peripheral T-cell malignancy, caused by infection with the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). We recently showed that the cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is specifically and consistently overexpressed in ATLL cells, and functions as a novel cell surface marker. In this study, we first show that a soluble form of CADM1 (sCADM1) is secreted from ATLL cells by mainly alternative splicing. After developing the Alpha linked immunosorbent assay (AlphaLISA) for sCADM1, we show that plasma sCADM1 concentrations gradually increased during disease progression from indolent to aggressive ATLL. Although other known biomarkers of tumor burden such as soluble interleukin-2 receptor α (sIL-2Rα) also increased with sCADM1 during ATLL progression, multivariate statistical analysis of biomarkers revealed that only plasma sCADM1 was selected as a specific biomarker for aggressive ATLL, suggesting that plasma sCADM1 may be a potential risk factor for aggressive ATLL. In addition, plasma sCADM1 is a useful marker for monitoring response to chemotherapy as well as for predicting relapse of ATLL. Furthermore, the change in sCADM1 concentration between indolent and aggressive type ATLL was more prominent than the change in the percentage of CD4+CADM1+ ATLL cells. As plasma sCADM1 values fell within normal ranges in HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patients with higher levels of serum sIL-2Rα, the measurement of sCADM1 may become a useful tool to discriminate between ATLL and other inflammatory diseases, including HAM/TSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Nakahata
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Chilmi Syahrul
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ayako Nakatake
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kuniyo Sakamoto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Maki Yoshihama
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nishikata
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Takuro Kameda
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shide
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoko Kubuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tomonori Hidaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Akira Kitanaka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ito
- Department of Pathology, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Takemoto
- National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Nakano
- Department of Hematology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Masako Iwanaga
- Dept of Frontier Life Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yasuko Sagara
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu Block Blood Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Mochida
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Amano
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kouichi Maeda
- Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Miyakonojo Medical Center, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Eisaburo Sueoka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Akihiko Okayama
- Dept. of Infectious Diseases and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Atae Utsunomiya
- Department of Hematology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimoda
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Funaki T, Ito T, Tanei ZI, Goto A, Niki T, Matsubara D, Murakami Y. CADM1 promotes malignant features of small-cell lung cancer by recruiting 4.1R to the plasma membrane. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 534:172-178. [PMID: 33298314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), which mediates intercellular adhesion between epithelial cells, is shown to be highly expressed in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and to enhance tumorigenicity of SCLC cells in nude mice. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the oncogenic role of CADM1 in SCLC. CADM1 promoted colony formation of SCLC cells in soft agar. Analysis of deletion and point mutants of the conserved protein-binding motifs in CADM1 revealed that the 4.1 protein-binding motif in the cytoplasmic domain is responsible for the promotion of colony formation. Among the actin-binding 4.1 proteins, 4.1R was the only protein whose localization to the plasma membrane is dependent on CADM1 expression in SCLC cells. Knockdown of 4.1R suppressed the colony formation enhanced by CADM1, suggesting that 4.1R is required for the oncogenic role of CADM1 in SCLC. In primary SCLC, CADM1 expression was correlated with membranous localization of 4.1R, as was observed in a SCLC cell line. Moreover, membranous co-localization of CADM1 and 4.1R was associated with more advanced tumor stage. These results suggest that the formation of CADM1-4.1R complex would promote malignant features of SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toko Funaki
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ito
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zen-Ichi Tanei
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akiteru Goto
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsubara
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was discovered in 1980 as the first, and to date, the only retrovirus that causes human cancer. While HTLV-1 infection is generally asymptomatic, 3-5% of infected individuals develop a T cell neoplasm known as adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) decades after infection. Since its discovery, HTLV-1 has served as a model for understanding retroviral oncogenesis, transcriptional regulation, cellular signal transduction, and cell-associated viral infection and spread. Much of the initial research was focused on the viral trans-activator/oncoprotein, Tax. Over the past decade, the study of HTLV-1 has entered the genomic era. With the development of new systems for studying HTLV-1 infection and pathogenesis, the completion of the whole genome, exome and transcriptome sequencing analyses of ATL, and the discovery of HBZ as another HTLV-1 oncogene, many established concepts about how HTLV-1 infects, persists and causes disease have undergone substantial revision. This chapter seeks to integrate our current understanding of the mechanisms of action of Tax and HBZ with the comprehensive genomic information of ATL to provide an overview of how HTLV-1 infects, replicates and causes leukemia.
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Full-length HLA sequencing in adult T cell leukemia-lymphoma uncovers multiple gene alterations. Leukemia 2021; 35:2998-3001. [PMID: 34518643 PMCID: PMC8478651 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Iżykowska K, Rassek K, Korsak D, Przybylski GK. Novel targeted therapies of T cell lymphomas. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:176. [PMID: 33384022 PMCID: PMC7775630 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-01006-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell lymphomas (TCL) comprise a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) that often present at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis and that most commonly have an aggressive clinical course. Treatment in the front-line setting is most often cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) or CHOP-like regimens, which are effective in B cell lymphomas, but in TCL are associated with a high failure rate and frequent relapses. Furthermore, in contrast to B cell NHL, in which substantial clinical progress has been made with the introduction of monoclonal antibodies, no comparable advances have been seen in TCL. To change this situation and improve the prognosis in TCL, new gene-targeted therapies must be developed. This is now possible due to enormous progress that has been made in the last years in the understanding of the biology and molecular pathogenesis of TCL, which enables the implementation of the research findings in clinical practice. In this review, we present new therapies and current clinical and preclinical trials on targeted treatments for TCL using histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CARTs), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3Ki), anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors (ALKi), and antibiotics, used alone or in combinations. The recent clinical success of ALKi and conjugated anti-CD30 antibody (brentuximab-vedotin) suggests that novel therapies for TCL can significantly improve outcomes when properly targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Iżykowska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Karolina Rassek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Korsak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Grzegorz K Przybylski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
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34
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Sawada Y, Mashima E, Saito-Sasaki N, Nakamura M. The Role of Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CADM1) in Cutaneous Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9732. [PMID: 33419290 PMCID: PMC7766610 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion ability is one of the components to establish cell organization and shows a great contribution to human body construction consisting of various types of cells mixture to orchestrate tissue specific function. The cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) is a molecule of cell adhesion with multiple functions and has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene. CADM1 has multifunctions on the pathogenesis of malignancies, and other normal cells such as immune cells. However, little is known about the function of CADM1 on cutaneous cells and cutaneous malignancies. CADM1 plays an important role in connecting cells with each other, contacting cells to deliver their signal, and acting as a scaffolding molecule for other immune cells to develop their immune responses. A limited number of studies reveal the contribution of CADM1 on the development of cutaneous malignancies. Solid cutaneous malignancies, such as cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma, reduce their CADM1 expression to promote the invasion and metastasis of the tumor. On the contrary to these cutaneous solid tumors except for Merkel cell carcinoma, cutaneous lymphomas, such as adult-T cell leukemia/lymphoma, mycosis fungoides, and Sézary syndrome, increase their CADM1 expression for the development of tumor environment. Based on the role of CADM1 in the etiology of tumor development, the theory of CADM1 contribution will desirably be applied to skin tumors according to other organ malignancies, however, the characteristics of skin as a multicomponent peripheral organ should be kept in mind to conclude their prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sawada
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (E.M.); (N.S.-S.); (M.N.)
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35
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Watanabe T, Yamashita S, Ureshino H, Kamachi K, Kurahashi Y, Fukuda-Kurahashi Y, Yoshida N, Hattori N, Nakamura H, Sato A, Kawaguchi A, Sueoka-Aragane N, Kojima K, Okada S, Ushijima T, Kimura S, Sueoka E. Targeting aberrant DNA hypermethylation as a driver of ATL leukemogenesis by using the new oral demethylating agent OR-2100. Blood 2020; 136:871-884. [PMID: 32391874 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019003084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy of CD4+ T cells transformed by human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1). Most HTLV-1-infected individuals are asymptomatic, and only 3% to 5% of carriers develop ATL. Here, we describe the contribution of aberrant DNA methylation to ATL leukemogenesis. HTLV-1-infected T-cells and their uninfected counterparts were separately isolated based on CADM1 and CD7 expression status, and differentially methylated positions (DMPs) specific to HTLV-infected T cells were identified through genome-wide DNA methylation profiling. Accumulation of DNA methylation at hypermethylated DMPs correlated strongly with ATL development and progression. In addition, we identified 22 genes downregulated because of promoter hypermethylation in HTLV-1-infected T cells, including THEMIS, LAIR1, and RNF130, which negatively regulate T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Phosphorylation of ZAP-70, a transducer of TCR signaling, was dysregulated in HTLV-1-infected cell lines but was normalized by reexpression of THEMIS. Therefore, we hypothesized that DNA hypermethylation contributes to growth advantages in HTLV-1-infected cells during ATL leukemogenesis. To test this idea, we investigated the anti-ATL activities of OR-1200 and OR-2100 (OR21), novel decitabine (DAC) prodrugs with enhanced oral bioavailability. Both DAC and OR21 inhibited cell growth, accompanied by global DNA hypomethylation, in xenograft tumors established by implantation of HTLV-1-infected cells. OR21 was less hematotoxic than DAC, whereas tumor growth inhibition was almost identical between the 2 compounds, making it suitable for long-term treatment of ATL patient-derived xenograft mice. Our results demonstrate that regional DNA hypermethylation is functionally important for ATL leukemogenesis and an effective therapeutic target.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Cell Transformation, Viral/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Viral/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA Methylation/drug effects
- DNA Methylation/genetics
- Demethylation/drug effects
- Drugs, Investigational/therapeutic use
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- HTLV-I Infections/complications
- HTLV-I Infections/drug therapy
- HTLV-I Infections/genetics
- Human T-lymphotropic virus 1/drug effects
- Human T-lymphotropic virus 1/physiology
- Humans
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Pyridines/administration & dosage
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Watanabe
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamashita
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ureshino
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Kamachi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurahashi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
- OHARA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shiga, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda-Kurahashi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
- OHARA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shiga, Japan
| | - Nao Yoshida
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Naoko Hattori
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Akemi Sato
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Atsushi Kawaguchi
- Section of Clinical Cooperation System, Center for Comprehensive Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan; and
| | - Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kojima
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Ushijima
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Eisaburo Sueoka
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and
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36
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Development of anti-human CADM1 monoclonal antibodies as a potential therapy for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Int J Hematol 2020; 112:496-503. [PMID: 32656636 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-020-02939-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a highly invasive and refractory T-cell malignancy, with poor prognosis. We previously identified that cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) is overexpressed consistently in ATLL cells, and that CADM1 expression increases the adhesion capacity of ATLL cells to endothelial cells and promotes the organ invasion of ATLL cells in a xenograft mouse model. In this study, we first show that newly developed several anti-human CADM1 antibodies, which were complete human IgG antibodies generated by phage display method, specifically recognize CADM1 on ATLL cells. Although most of the CADM1 antibodies did not have a direct cytotoxic effect against CADM1-positive ATLL cells, clone 089-084 exhibited weak but significant antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic activity. Moreover, clone 103-189 effectively inhibits the interaction between endothelial cells and CADM1-positive ATLL cells. Furthermore, in mice bearing intra-splenic transplantation of EL4 mouse lymphoma cells expressing CADM1, the treatment of 103-189 significantly suppressed the organ invasion of CADM1-positive EL4 cells, resulting in improved survival time of mice. Therefore, since the anti-CADM1 antibody may be useful for the suppression of organ invasion in ATLL patients, combination use of the anti-CADM1 antibody with chemotherapy drugs could be beneficial for the efficient elimination of ATLL cells.
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37
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Mizuta S, Yamane N, Mononobe S, Komai T, Koba Y, Kawata T, Ukyo N, Tamekane A, Watanabe M. cDNA-Based Mutation Screening Using a Combination of High-Resolution Melting Curve and Fragment Analysis Facilitates Efficient CCR4 Mutation Analysis in Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma. Am J Clin Pathol 2020; 154:236-241. [PMID: 32367127 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES C-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CCR4) proteins are expressed on the neoplastic cells of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). As the mutation status of CCR4 gene is reported to correlate with significant clinical information such as prognosis and response to mogamulizumab, we aimed to establish a screening method that is suitable for clinical laboratory tests. METHODS In 34 patients with ATLL, CCR4 mutation analysis, high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis, fragment analysis, and direct sequencing were performed using both genomic DNA and complementary DNA (cDNA). Furthermore, 38 cases of asymptomatic carriers of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) were screened for CCR4 mutation. RESULTS Mutation analysis by direct sequencing of 34 ATLL clinical samples detected CCR4 mutation in four genomic DNA samples and seven cDNA samples, and two novel mutations were identified. All CCR4 mutations detected by direct sequencing were positive for HRM analysis and/or fragment analysis. CCR4 mutation was not detected in the asymptomatic carriers of HTLV-1. CONCLUSIONS CCR4 mutation screening by a combination of HRM and fragment analysis using cDNA is a simple and practical method, and it will contribute to better decision making for a therapeutic strategy, providing a rapid CCR4 mutational status to clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei Mizuta
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Noriko Yamane
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Saya Mononobe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takao Komai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Koba
- Laboratory of Hematology, Division of Medical Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takahito Kawata
- Laboratory of Hematology, Division of Medical Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Ukyo
- Laboratory of Hematology, Division of Medical Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akira Tamekane
- Laboratory of Hematology, Division of Medical Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Watanabe
- Laboratory of Hematology, Division of Medical Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
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38
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Yasunaga JI. Strategies of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 for Persistent Infection: Implications for Leukemogenesis of Adult T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:979. [PMID: 32508789 PMCID: PMC7248384 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) establishes persistent infection in vivo in two distinct ways: de novo infection and clonal proliferation of infected cells. Two viral genes, Tax and HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ) play critical roles in viral transcription and promotion of T-cell proliferation, respectively. Tax is a potent transactivator not only for viral transcription but also for many cellular oncogenic pathways, such as the NF-κB pathway. HBZ is a suppressor of viral transcription and has the potential to change the immunophenotype of infected cells, conferring an effector regulatory T cell (eTreg)-like signature (CD4+ CD25+ CCR4+ TIGIT+ Foxp3+) and enhancing the proliferation of this subset. Reports that mice transgenic for either gene develop malignant tumors suggest that both Tax and HBZ are involved in leukemogenesis by HTLV-1. However, the immunogenicity of Tax is very high, and its expression is generally suppressed in vivo. Recently, it was found that Tax can be expressed transiently in a small subpopulation of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) cells and plays a critical role in maintenance of the overall population. HBZ is expressed in almost all infected cells except for the rare Tax-expressing cells, and activates the pathways associated with cell proliferation. These findings indicate that HTLV-1 fine-tunes the expression of viral genes to control the mode of viral propagation. The interplay between Tax and HBZ is the basis of a sophisticated strategy to evade host immune surveillance and increase transmission - and can lead to ATL as a byproduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichirou Yasunaga
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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39
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Takenouchi N, Tanaka M, Sato T, Yao J, Fujisawa JI, Izumo S, Kubota R, Matsuura E. Expression of TSLC1 in patients with HAM/TSP. J Neurovirol 2020; 26:404-414. [PMID: 32285300 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-020-00838-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is chronic myelopathy characterized by slowly progressive spastic paraparesis and urinary dysfunction. A few biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid are known to be related to disease activity, but no biomarker has been reported in peripheral blood. This study aims to explore the expression level of the adhesion molecule during the expression level of the adhesion molecule among HAM/TSP disease activity. In lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 and DNAX accessory molecule 1, no variation in expression levels specific to HTLV-1 infection was observed in CD4-positive T cells; however, TSLC1 expression was higher in HAM patients than in asymptomatic carriers and non-infected persons. TSLC1 tended to be higher in patients whose symptoms were worsening. On the contrary, the expression level of TSLC1 in CD8-positive T cells was lower in HAM patients than in asymptomatic carriers, and this tendency was stronger in patients whose symptoms had deteriorated. No significant correlation was found between TSLC1 and either of the transcription factors Tax or HBZ in any T cell group. Therefore, TSLC1 expression in CD4-positive T cells might be a useful biomarker of HAM/TSP disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Takenouchi
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan. .,Division of Neuroimmunology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
| | - Teruaki Sato
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.,Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Jinchun Yao
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Fujisawa
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Shuji Izumo
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kubota
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Eiji Matsuura
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
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40
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CADM1 inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration by potentially regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 123:109717. [PMID: 31865146 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), an immunoglobulin superfamily member, is frequently inactivated but functions as a tumor suppressor in many solid tumors. However, the characterization of CADM1 expression in ovarian cancer cells and the mechanisms of its tumor suppressor function are not fully understood. We generated ovarian cancer cell lines in which CADM1 was stably upregulated or downregulated. CADM1 expression was significantly decreased in ovarian cancer tissue and cells lines. Functionally, knockdown of CADM1 promoted the growth, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Conversely, further experimental evidence indicated that overexpression of CADM1 inhibited the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells potentially through inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by regulating upstream regulators (LXR/RXR, IGF1, IFI44L and C4BPA) and downstream effectors (APP, EDN1, TGFBI and Rap1A). In conclusion, CADM1 inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration by potentially regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. CADM1 could be a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Makiyama J, Kobayashi S, Watanabe E, Ishigaki T, Kawamata T, Nakashima M, Yamagishi M, Nakano K, Tojo A, Watanabe T, Uchimaru K. CD4 + CADM1 + cell percentage predicts disease progression in HTLV-1 carriers and indolent adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:3746-3753. [PMID: 31642546 PMCID: PMC6890436 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently took advantage of the universal expression of cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) by CD4+ cells infected with HTLV‐1 and the downregulation of CD7 expression that corresponds with the oncogenic stage of HTLV‐1‐infected cells to develop a flow cytometric system using CADM1 versus CD7 plotting of CD4+ cells. We risk‐stratified HTLV‐1 asymptomatic carriers (AC) and indolent adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) cases based on the CADM1+ percentage, in which HTLV‐1‐infected clones are efficiently enriched. AC and indolent ATL cases were initially classified according to their CADM1+ cell percentage. Follow‐up clinical and flow cytometric data were obtained for 71 cases. In G1 (CADM1+ ≤ 10%) and G2 (10% < CADM1+ ≤ 25%) cases, no apparent clinical disease progression was observed. In G3 (25% < CADM1+ ≤ 50%) cases, five out of nine (55.5%) cases progressed from AC to smoldering‐type ATL. In G4 (50% < CADM1+) cases, the cumulative incidence of receiving systemic chemotherapy at 3 years was 28.4%. Our results indicate that the percentage of the CD4+CADM1+ population predicts clinical disease progression: G1 and G2 cases, including AC cases, are stable and considered to be at low risk; G3 cases, including advanced AC cases and smoldering‐type ATL cases based on the Shimoyama criteria, are considered to have intermediate risk; and G4 cases, which are mainly indolent ATL cases, are unstable and at high risk of acute transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Makiyama
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Kobayashi
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Watanabe
- IMSUT Clinical Flow Cytometry Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishigaki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Stem Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toyotaka Kawamata
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakashima
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamagishi
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Nakano
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arinobu Tojo
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Future Center Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Uchimaru
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamaguchi M, Morizane S, Hamada T, Miyake T, Sugaya M, Iwata H, Fujii K, Haramoto‐Shiratsuki R, Nakagawa Y, Miura M, Ohshima K, Morishita K, Takahashi T, Imada M, Okada K, Uehara J, Sowa‐Osako J, Iwatsuki K. The expression of cell adhesion molecule 1 and its splicing variants in Sézary cells and cell lines from cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. J Dermatol 2019; 46:967-977. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Yamaguchi
- Department of Dermatology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Shin Morizane
- Department of Dermatology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Toshihisa Hamada
- Department of Dermatology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Tomoko Miyake
- Department of Dermatology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Makoto Sugaya
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iwata
- Department of Dermatology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Kazuyasu Fujii
- Department of Dermatology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Kagoshima Japan
| | | | - Yuki Nakagawa
- Department of Dermatology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Mayumi Miura
- Department of Pathology Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Morishita
- Division of Tumor and Cellular Biochemistry Department of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan
| | | | - Masahide Imada
- Division of Medical Support Okayama University Hospital Okayama Japan
- Central Clinical Laboratory Kawasaki Medical School Hospital Okayama Japan
| | - Ken Okada
- Division of Medical Support Okayama University Hospital Okayama Japan
| | - Jiro Uehara
- Department of Dermatology Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan
| | - Junko Sowa‐Osako
- Department of Dermatology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Keiji Iwatsuki
- Department of Dermatology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
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43
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Yao J, Tanaka M, Takenouchi N, Ren Y, Lee SI, Fujisawa JI. Induction of APOBEC3B cytidine deaminase in HTLV-1-infected humanized mice. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3701-3708. [PMID: 30988755 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). Following viral infection with HTLV-1, certain infected cells exhibit clonal proliferation. Additional genetic and epigenetic changes in these clonally proliferating cells provide them with the selective advantage of growth, which eventually results in ATL. The precise mechanism, however, has yet to be completely elucidated. It has previously been established that APOBEC3 enzymes are potent host-antiviral restriction factors. Conversely, previous studies have reported that the A3B level is increased in tumor virus infections, such as those caused by HBV and HPV, suggesting that A3B exerts a function as a mutagen. Therefore, the present study analyzed the expression of APOBEC3 family members in various HTLV-1 infection states. No significant differences were observed in the expression between healthy donors and patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. Although no significant changes in the expressions of A3C, A3D, A3F and A3G between uninfected and HTLV-1-infected mice were observed, an increased A3B expression was observed in a short-term humanized mouse model following HTLV-1 infection. In a long-term humanized mouse model following HTLV-1 infection, the gene expression array data exhibited an apparent increase in A3B and CADM1, which are indicators of ATL. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that A3B is likely involved in the development of ATL in HTLV-1-infected humanized mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchun Yao
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.,Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Norihiro Takenouchi
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yihua Ren
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Sung-Il Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Fujisawa
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
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Chung EY, Mai Y, Shah UA, Wei Y, Ishida E, Kataoka K, Ren X, Pradhan K, Bartholdy B, Wei X, Zou Y, Zhang J, Ogawa S, Steidl U, Zang X, Verma A, Janakiram M, Ye BH. PAK Kinase Inhibition Has Therapeutic Activity in Novel Preclinical Models of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:3589-3601. [PMID: 30862694 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate therapeutic activity of PAK inhibition in ATLL and to characterize the role of PAK isoforms in cell proliferation, survival, and adhesion of ATLL cells in preclinical models. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Frequency and prognostic impact of PAK2 amplification were evaluated in an ATLL cohort of 370 cases. Novel long-term cultures and in vivo xenograft models were developed using primary ATLL cells from North American patients. Two PAK inhibitors were used to block PAK kinase activity pharmacologically. siRNA-based gene silencing approach was used to genetically knockdown (KD) PAK1 and PAK2 in ATLL cell lines. RESULTS PAK1/2/4 are the three most abundantly expressed PAK family members in ATLL. PAK2 amplifications are seen in 24% of ATLLs and are associated with worse prognosis in a large patient cohort. The pan-PAK inhibitor PF-3758309 (PF) has strong in vitro and in vivo activity in a variety of ATLL preclinical models. These activities of PF are likely attributed to its ability to target several PAK isoforms simultaneously because genetic silencing of either PAK1 or PAK2 produced more modest effects. PAK2 plays a major role in CADM1-mediated stromal interaction, which is an important step in systemic dissemination of the disease. This finding is consistent with the observation that PAK2 amplification is more frequent in aggressive ATLLs and correlates with inferior outcome. CONCLUSIONS PAK2, a gene frequently amplified in ATLL, facilitates CADM1-mediated stromal interaction and promotes survival of ATLL cells. Taken together, PAK inhibition may hold significant promise as a targeted therapy for aggressive ATLLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Y Chung
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yun Mai
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Urvi A Shah
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Yongqiang Wei
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Elise Ishida
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Keisuke Kataoka
- Division of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaoxin Ren
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Kith Pradhan
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Boris Bartholdy
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Xiaolei Wei
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyu Zou
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Jinghang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ulrich Steidl
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Amit Verma
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Murali Janakiram
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - B Hilda Ye
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
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45
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Sarkar B, Nishikata I, Nakahata S, Ichikawa T, Shiraga T, Saha HR, Fujii M, Tanaka Y, Shimoda K, Morishita K. Degradation of p47 by autophagy contributes to CADM1 overexpression in ATLL cells through the activation of NF-κB. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3491. [PMID: 30837480 PMCID: PMC6400899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is identified as a novel cell surface marker for human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1)-infected T cells. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is developed in HTLV-1-infected T-cells after a long infection period. To examine the mechanism of CADM1 overexpression in ATLL, we first identified that CADM1 is transcriptionally up-regulated by a transcriptional enhancer element through NF-κB signaling pathway. In HTLV-1-infected T-cells, CADM1 expression is dependent on HTLV-1/Tax through activation of canonical and non-canonical NF-κB; however, in ATLL cells with frequent loss of Tax expression, the activation of canonical NF-κB only enhances the CADM1 expression. Along with active mutations in signaling molecules under T-cell recepor (TCR) signaling, degradation of p47, a negative regulator of NF-κB, was essential for activation of canonical NF-κB through stabilization of NEMO (NF-κB essential modulator). The mechanism of p47 degradation is primarily dependent on activation of lysosomal-autophagy and the autophagy is activated in most of the HTLV-infected and ATLL cells, suggesting that the p47 degradation may be a first key molecular event during HTLV-1 infection to T-cells as a connector of two important signaling pathways, NF-κB and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidhan Sarkar
- Division of Tumor and Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nishikata
- Division of Tumor and Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakahata
- Division of Tumor and Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tomonaga Ichikawa
- Division of Tumor and Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shiraga
- Division of Tumor and Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Department of Foods and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Notre Dame Seishin University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hasi Rani Saha
- Division of Tumor and Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujii
- Division of Virology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuetsu Tanaka
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimoda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Morishita
- Division of Tumor and Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
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46
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Ramírez-Ramírez D, Padilla-Castañeda S, Galán-Enríquez CS, Vadillo E, Prieto-Chávez JL, Jiménez-Hernández E, Vilchis-Ordóñez A, Sandoval A, Balandrán JC, Pérez-Tapia SM, Ortiz-Navarrete V, Pelayo R. CRTAM + NK cells endowed with suppressor properties arise in leukemic bone marrow. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:999-1013. [PMID: 30791148 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.ma0618-231r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their increasing rates of morbidity and mortality, childhood malignancies are considered a global health priority, with acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs) showing the highest incidence worldwide. Control of malignant clone emergence and the subsequent normal-leukemic hematopoietic cell out-competition require antitumor monitoring mechanisms. Investigation of cancer surveillance innate cells may be critical to understand the mechanisms contributing in either disease progression or relapse, and to promote displacement of leukemic hematopoiesis by the normal counterpart. We report here that NK cell production is less and low hematopoietic progenitor numbers contribute to this defect. By investigating the expression of the activation molecule class I restricted T-cell associated molecule (CRTAM) along the hematopoietic lineage differentiation pathway, we have identified lymphoid precursor populations coexpressing CD34, CD56/CD3/CD19, and CRTAM as the earliest developmental stage where activation may take place in specialized niches that display the ligand nectin-like-2. Of note, bone marrow (BM) from patients with ALL revealed high contents of preactivated CD56high NK cells expressing CRTAM and endowed with an exhaustion-like phenotype and the functional capability of producing IL-10 and TGF-β in vitro. Our findings suggest, for the first time, that the tumor microenvironment in ALL directly contribute to exhaustion of NK cell functions by the CRTAM/Necl-2 interaction, and that the potential regulatory role of exhausted-like NK cells may favor malignant progression at the expense of anti-tumor responses. Phenotypic and functional identity of this unique suppressor-like NK cell population within the leukemic BM would be of special interest for the pathobiology of ALL and development of targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ramírez-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico.,National School of Biological Sciences ENCB, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Padilla-Castañeda
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico.,Departament of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV, IPN. Av. Instituto Politecnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Samuel Galán-Enríquez
- Departament of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV, IPN. Av. Instituto Politecnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Vadillo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departament of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV, IPN. Av. Instituto Politecnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jessica Lakshmi Prieto-Chávez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elva Jiménez-Hernández
- Hospital Pediátrico Moctezuma, Secretaria de Salud, Calle Oriente 158-189, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Antonio Sandoval
- Hospital para el Niño, Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de México, Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Balandrán
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia
- National School of Biological Sciences ENCB, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico.,Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioprocesos (UDIBI) and Unidad de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Médica y Biotecnológica (UDIMEB), National School of Biological Sciences (ENCB), National Polytechnic Institute (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vianney Ortiz-Navarrete
- Departament of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV, IPN. Av. Instituto Politecnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico
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47
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Iqbal J, Amador C, McKeithan TW, Chan WC. Molecular and Genomic Landscape of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma. Cancer Treat Res 2019; 176:31-68. [PMID: 30596212 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99716-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is an uncommon group of lymphoma covering a diverse spectrum of entities. Little was known regarding the molecular and genomic landscapes of these diseases until recently but the knowledge is still quite spotty with many rarer types of PTCL remain largely unexplored. In this chapter, the recent findings from gene expression profiling (GEP) studies, including profiling data on microRNA, where available, will be presented with emphasis on the implication on molecular diagnosis, prognostication, and the identification of new entities (PTCL-GATA3 and PTCL-TBX21) in the PTCL-NOS group. Recent studies using next-generation sequencing have unraveled the mutational landscape in a number of PTCL entities leading to a marked improvement in the understanding of their pathogenesis and biology. While many mutations are shared among PTCL entities, the frequency varies and certain mutations are quite unique to a specific entity. For example, TET2 is often mutated but this is particularly frequent (70-80%) in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and IDH2 R172 mutations appear to be unique for AITL. In general, chromatin modifiers and molecular components in the CD28/T-cell receptor signaling pathways are frequently mutated. The major findings will be summarized in this chapter correlating with GEP data and clinical features where appropriate. The mutational landscape of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, specifically on mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome, will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeed Iqbal
- Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, US
| | - Catalina Amador
- Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, US
| | - Timothy W McKeithan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
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48
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Subramanian K, Dierckx T, Khouri R, Menezes SM, Kagdi H, Taylor GP, Farre L, Bittencourt A, Kataoka K, Ogawa S, Van Weyenbergh J. Decreased RORC expression and downstream signaling in HTLV-1-associated adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia uncovers an antiproliferative IL17 link: A potential target for immunotherapy? Int J Cancer 2018; 144:1664-1675. [PMID: 30303535 PMCID: PMC6590643 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid‐related drugs have shown promising pre‐clinical activity in Adult T‐cell Leukemia/Lymphoma, but RORC signaling has not been explored. Therefore, we investigated transcriptome‐wide interactions of the RORC pathway in HTLV‐1 and ATL, using our own and publicly available gene expression data for ATL and other leukemias. Gene expression data from ATL patients were analyzed using WGCNA to determine gene modules and their correlation to clinical and molecular data. Both PBMCs and CD4+ T‐Cells exhibited decreased RORC expression in four different ATL cohorts. A small subset of RORChi ATL patients was identified with significantly lower pathognomonic CADM1 and HBZ levels but similar levels of other ATL markers (CD4/CD25/CCR4), hinting at a less aggressive ATL subtype. An age‐dependent decrease in RORC expression was found in HTLV‐1‐infected individuals, but not in healthy controls, suggesting an early molecular event predisposing to leukemogenesis. Genes upstream of RORC signaling were members of a proliferative gene module (containing proliferation markers PCNA/Ki67), whereas downstream members clustered in an anti‐proliferative gene module. IL17C transcripts showed the strongest negative correlation to PCNA in both ATL cohorts, which was replicated in two large cohorts of T‐ and B‐cell acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). Finally, IL17C expression in purified CD4 + CCR4 + CD26‐CD7‐ “ATL‐like” cells from HTLV‐1‐infected individuals and ATL patients was negatively correlated with clonality, underscoring a possible antileukemic/antiproliferative role. In conclusion, decreased RORC expression and downstream signaling might represent an early event in ATL pathogenesis. An antiproliferative IL17C/PCNA link is shared between ATL, T‐ALL and B‐ALL, suggesting (immuno)therapeutic benefit of boosting RORC/IL17 signaling. What's new? Drugs that affect the retinoic acid pathway are of interest for the treatment of adult T‐cell leukemia (ATL). Here, investigation of the role of retinoic acid‐related orphan receptor C (RORC), a regulator of the proinflammatory Th17/IL‐17 axis, reveals a prevailing occurrence of low RORC expression among ATL patients. By comparison, fewer patients exhibited a RORChi phenotype, which was associated with reduced levels of pathognomonic biomarkers CADM1 and HbZ, indicating a protective role for elevated RORC. An antiproliferative link was identified between RORC and IL17C. The data suggest that strategies to increase RORC/IL17C signaling could be important to improving ATL outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Subramanian
- St. George's University School of MedicineUniversity CentreGrenadaWest Indies
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological VirologyLeuvenBelgium
| | - Tim Dierckx
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological VirologyLeuvenBelgium
| | - Ricardo Khouri
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological VirologyLeuvenBelgium
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz – FIOCRUZSalvadorBahiaBrazil
| | - Soraya Maria Menezes
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological VirologyLeuvenBelgium
| | - Huseini Kagdi
- Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Lourdes Farre
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz – FIOCRUZSalvadorBahiaBrazil
| | | | - Keisuke Kataoka
- Department of Pathology and Tumor BiologyGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Division of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor BiologyGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Johan Van Weyenbergh
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological VirologyLeuvenBelgium
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49
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Diversity of cell phenotypes among MT-2 cell lines affects the growth of U937 cells and cytokine production. Hum Cell 2018; 32:185-192. [PMID: 30560508 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-018-00231-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported the diversity of structure and integration sites of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) provirus among different MT-2 cell lines. This raised the question as to whether cell phenotypes also differed among MT-2 cell lines. The influence of two different MT-2 cell lines (MT-2J and MT-2B) on the growth of the promonocytic leukemia cell line, U937, was investigated. Protein levels and mRNA expression of cytokines were also investigated. In addition, Western blot analysis of HTLV-1 regulatory proteins, Tax and HBZ, was also performed. Culture supernatant from MT-2B, but not MT-2J, cells showed marked suppressive effects on U937 cell growth. MT-2B showed high tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TNF-β, and interferon (IFN)-γ both in protein levels of the culture supernatant and mRNA levels of the cells. Analysis using recombinant cytokines indicated that the suppressive effects of MT-2B were due, at least in part, to high levels of TNF-β and its synergic effects with IFN-γ in the culture supernatant. Protein levels of HTLV-1 Tax and HBZ were higher in MT-2B than those in MT-2J cells. These molecules have been reported to affect the cytokine production of HTLV-1 infected cells; therefore, the difference in these molecules may have accounted for the differences in cytokine production between MT-2J and MT-2B cells. Furthermore, because MT-2 cells showed a large variation of integrated HTLV-1 proviruses as well as cell phenotypes, it is important to exercise caution in the assessment and interpretation of experimental data from MT-2 cells.
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50
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Yuki A, Shinkuma S, Hayashi R, Fujikawa H, Kato T, Homma E, Hamade Y, Onodera O, Matsuoka M, Shimizu H, Iwata H, Abe R. CADM1 is a diagnostic marker in early-stage mycosis fungoides: Multicenter study of 58 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 79:1039-1046. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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