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Kassem NM, Kassem HA, Matter M, Yacoub MF, Abdelradi M, Rawi R. Assessment of molecular response after tyrosine kinase inhibitors & serum granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor levels in Egyptian patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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2
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Huang KM, Uddin ME, DiGiacomo D, Lustberg MB, Hu S, Sparreboom A. Role of SLC transporters in toxicity induced by anticancer drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:493-506. [PMID: 32276560 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1755253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION . Membrane transporters are integral to the maintenance of cellular integrity of all tissue and cell types. While transporters play an established role in the systemic pharmacokinetics of therapeutic drugs, tissue specific expression of uptake transporters can serve as an initiating mechanism that governs the accumulation and impact of cytotoxic drugs. AREAS COVERED . This review provides an overview of organic cation transporters as determinants of chemotherapy-induced toxicities. We also provide insights into the recently updated FDA guidelines for in vitro drug interaction studies, with a particular focus on the class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors as perpetrators of transporter-mediated drug interactions. EXPERT OPINION . Studies performed over the last few decades have highlighted the important role of basolateral uptake and apical efflux transporters in the pathophysiology of drug-induced organ damage. Increased understanding of the mechanisms that govern the accumulation of cytotoxic drugs has provided insights into the development of novel strategies to prevent debilitating toxicities. Furthermore, we argue that current regulatory guidelines provide inadequate recommendations for in vitro studies to identify substrates or inhibitors of drug transporters. Therefore, the translational and predictive power of FDA-approved drugs as modulators of transport function remains ambiguous and warrants further revision of the current guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Huang
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University , Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Muhammad Erfan Uddin
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University , Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Duncan DiGiacomo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University , Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maryam B Lustberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, College of Medicine, the Ohio State University and Comprehensive Cancer Center , Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shuiying Hu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University , Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alex Sparreboom
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University , Columbus, OH, USA
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3
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Blanc Mettral J, Faller N, Cruchon S, Sottas L, Buclin T, Schild L, Choong E, Nahimana A, Decosterd LA. Imatinib Uptake into Cells is Not Mediated by Organic Cation Transporters OCT1, OCT2, or OCT3, But is Influenced by Extracellular pH. Drug Metab Lett 2019; 13:102-110. [PMID: 30734690 DOI: 10.2174/1872312813666190207150207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cells undergo genetic and environmental changes that can alter cellular disposition of drugs, notably by alterations of transmembrane drug transporters expression. Whether the influx organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) encoded by the gene SLC221A1 is implicated in the cellular uptake of imatinib is still controversial. Besides, imatinib ionization state may be modulated by the hypoxic acidic surrounding extracellular microenvironment. OBJECTIVE To determine the functional contribution of OCTs and extracellular pH on imatinib cellular disposition. METHODS We measured imatinib uptake in two different models of selective OCTs drug transporter expression (transfected Xenopus laevis oocytes and OCT-expressing HEK293 human cells), incubated at pH 7.4 and 6, using specific mass spectrometry analysis. RESULTS Imatinib cellular uptake occurred independently of OCT1- OCT2- or OCT3-mediated drug transport at pH 7.4. Uptake of the OCTs substrate tetraethylammonium in oocytes remained intact at pH 6, while the accumulation of imatinib in oocytes was 10-fold lower than at pH 7.4, irrespectively of OCTs expressions. In OCT1- and OCT2-HEK cells at pH 6, imatinib accumulation was reduced by 2- 3-fold regardless of OCTs expressions. Since 99.5% of imatinib at pH6 is under the cationic form, the reduced cellular accumulation of imatinib at such pH may be explained by the lower amount of uncharged imatinib remaining for passive diffusion across cellular membrane. CONCLUSION Imatinib is not a substrate of OCTs 1-3 while the environmental pH modulates cellular disposition of imatinib. The observation that a slightly acidic extracellular pH influences imatinib cellular accumulation is important, considering the low extracellular pH reported in the hematopoietic leukemia/ cancer cell microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaurès Blanc Mettral
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Faller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Cruchon
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Loïc Sottas
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Buclin
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratories, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Schild
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eva Choong
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aimable Nahimana
- Research Laboratory of Haematology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent A Decosterd
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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4
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Hucke A, Ciarimboli G. The Role of Transporters in the Toxicity of Chemotherapeutic Drugs: Focus on Transporters for Organic Cations. J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 56 Suppl 7:S157-72. [PMID: 27385173 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer is one of the most important achievements of modern medicine, even allowing the cure of some lethal diseases such as testicular cancer and other malignant neoplasms. The number and type of chemotherapeutic agents available have steadily increased and have developed until the introduction of targeted tumor therapy. It is now evident that transporters play an important role for determining toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs not only against target but also against nontarget cells. This is of special importance for intracellularly active hydrophilic drugs, which cannot freely penetrate the plasma membrane. Because many important chemotherapeutic agents are substrates of transporters for organic cations, this review discusses the known interaction of these substances with these transporters. A particular focus is given to the role of transporters for organic cations in the development of side effects of chemotherapy with platinum derivatives and in the efficacy of recently developed tyrosine kinase inhibitors to specifically target cancer cells. It is evident that specific inhibition of uptake transporters may be a possible strategy to protect against undesired side effects of platinum derivatives without compromising their antitumor efficacy. These transporters are also important for efficient targeting of tyrosine kinase inhibitors to cancer cells. However, in order to achieve the aims of protecting from undesired toxicities and improving the specificity of uptake by tumor cells, an exact knowledge of transporter expression, function, regulation under normal and pathologic conditions, and of genetically and epigenetically regulation is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hucke
- Experimental Nephrology, Medical Clinic D, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Giuliano Ciarimboli
- Experimental Nephrology, Medical Clinic D, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
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5
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Wang J, Lu L, Kok CH, Saunders VA, Goyne JM, Dang P, Leclercq TM, Hughes TP, White DL. Increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activity reduces imatinib uptake and efficacy in chronic myeloid leukemia mononuclear cells. Haematologica 2017; 102:843-853. [PMID: 28154092 PMCID: PMC5477603 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.153270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Imatinib is actively transported by organic cation transporter-1 (OCT-1) influx transporter, and low OCT-1 activity in diagnostic chronic myeloid leukemia blood mononuclear cells is significantly associated with poor molecular response to imatinib. Herein we report that, in diagnostic chronic myeloid leukemia mononuclear cells and BCR-ABL1+ cell lines, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonists (GW1929, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone) significantly decrease OCT-1 activity; conversely, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ antagonists (GW9662, T0070907) increase OCT-1 activity. Importantly, these effects can lead to corresponding changes in sensitivity to BCR-ABL kinase inhibition. Results were confirmed in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-transduced K562 cells. Furthermore, we identified a strong negative correlation between OCT-1 activity and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ transcriptional activity in diagnostic chronic myeloid leukemia patients (n=84; P<0.0001), suggesting that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activation has a negative impact on the intracellular uptake of imatinib and consequent BCR-ABL kinase inhibition. The inter-patient variability of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activation likely accounts for the heterogeneity observed in patient OCT-1 activity at diagnosis. Recently, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonist pioglitazone was reported to act synergistically with imatinib, targeting the residual chronic myeloid leukemia stem cell pool. Our findings suggest that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ ligands have differential effects on circulating mononuclear cells compared to stem cells. Since the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activation on imatinib uptake in mononuclear cells may counteract the clinical benefit of this activation in stem cells, caution should be applied when combining these therapies, especially in patients with high peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jueqiong Wang
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Liu Lu
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Chung H Kok
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Verity A Saunders
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jarrad M Goyne
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Phuong Dang
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tamara M Leclercq
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Timothy P Hughes
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deborah L White
- Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia .,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group, Melbourne, Australia
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6
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Watkins DB, Hughes TP, White DL. OCT1 and imatinib transport in CML: is it clinically relevant? Leukemia 2015; 29:1960-9. [PMID: 26122430 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib is a highly effective therapy for chronic phase-chronic myeloid leukaemia (CP-CML) patients; however, responses to frontline imatinib are variable. The human organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1; SLC22A1) has been reported to be the main influx transporter involved in imatinib uptake into CML cells. Furthermore, variation in the efficiency of imatinib influx via OCT1 has been demonstrated to result in the inter-patient variation observed in primary response to imatinib. Although studies have questioned the role of OCT1 in imatinib influx, these have been largely performed in non-clinical settings. Measuring both OCT1 mRNA levels and the functional activity of OCT1 in primary leukaemic cells has been demonstrated to predict molecular response and outcome in imatinib-treated CP-CML patients in several independent studies. Here, the role of OCT1 and OCT1 genetic variants in imatinib uptake and response prediction is summarised and data generated from model systems assessing the role of OCT1 in imatinib transport is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Watkins
- Leukaemia Research Group, Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - T P Hughes
- Leukaemia Research Group, Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - D L White
- Leukaemia Research Group, Cancer Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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7
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Schulenburg A, Blatt K, Cerny-Reiterer S, Sadovnik I, Herrmann H, Marian B, Grunt TW, Zielinski CC, Valent P. Cancer stem cells in basic science and in translational oncology: can we translate into clinical application? J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:16. [PMID: 25886184 PMCID: PMC4345016 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their description and identification in leukemias and solid tumors, cancer stem cells (CSC) have been the subject of intensive research in translational oncology. Indeed, recent advances have led to the identification of CSC markers, CSC targets, and the preclinical and clinical evaluation of the CSC-eradicating (curative) potential of various drugs. However, although diverse CSC markers and targets have been identified, several questions remain, such as the origin and evolution of CSC, mechanisms underlying resistance of CSC against various targeted drugs, and the biochemical basis and function of stroma cell-CSC interactions in the so-called ‘stem cell niche.’ Additional aspects that have to be taken into account when considering CSC elimination as primary treatment-goal are the genomic plasticity and extensive subclone formation of CSC. Notably, various cell fractions with different combinations of molecular aberrations and varying proliferative potential may display CSC function in a given neoplasm, and the related molecular complexity of the genome in CSC subsets is considered to contribute essentially to disease evolution and acquired drug resistance. In the current article, we discuss new developments in the field of CSC research and whether these new concepts can be exploited in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schulenburg
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Wien, Austria. .,Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Katharina Blatt
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Sabine Cerny-Reiterer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Irina Sadovnik
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Harald Herrmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Radiation Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Brigitte Marian
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Institute for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Thomas W Grunt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Christoph C Zielinski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
| | - Peter Valent
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria. .,Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Wien, Austria.
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8
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Assessment of interleukin 1β serum level in different responder groups and stages of chronic myeloid leukemia patients on imatinb mesylate therapy. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2014; 30:247-52. [PMID: 25435722 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-014-0339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the presence of an acquired mutation which affects the hematopoietic stem cell, leading to a striking overproduction of immature granulocytes. The first important clue to its pathogenesis the Philadelphia chromosome created by a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 (t [9; 22] [q34; q11]). The development of the BCR-ABL-targeted imatinib mesylate represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of CML. Imatinib displays inhibitory activity against other kinase(s) that play a role in monocyte/macrophage development. Accordingly many studies revealed the role of cytokines in pathophysiology of myeloid neoplasia including participation of IL-1β in the pathogenesis of CML. This study designed to assess the behavior of IL-1β through newly diagnosed patients, different responders groups (optimal, suboptimal and failure cytogenetic response) and advanced stages (acceleration and crisis groups) of CML Iraqi patients whom receiving Imatinib mesylate (tyrosine kinase inhibitor), trying to elucidate the role of immunity in pathophysiology of CML disease development and treatments. In this study 96 Iraqi CML patients under imatinib mesylate treatment categorized by complete blood picture and fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis into different response groups and stages, then used an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique to assess serum level of IL-1β in each response group and advance stage (acceleration and transformed) of CML patients, in comparison to level in 32 healthy control subjects and 32 newly diagnosed CML. Out of 128 patients the mean serum of interleukin 1β level (pg/ml) for the newly diagnosed, optimal responded, suboptimal responded, failure cytogenetic and advance stage of CML were 6.53 ± 3.81, 18.47 ± 4.29, 18.69 ± 3.03, 5.73 ± 2.44, and 18.10 ± 3.10, respectively. While healthy was 12.17 ± 3.44. The measurement of IL-1β before and during treatment of CML patients may contribute to the early identification of responder and non responder patients, and help in the earlier choice and/or design of alternative therapeutic strategies.
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9
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Koren-Michowitz M, Buzaglo Z, Ribakovsky E, Schwarz M, Pessach I, Shimoni A, Beider K, Amariglio N, Ie Coutre P, Nagler A. OCT1 genetic variants are associated with long term outcomes in imatinib treated chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Eur J Haematol 2013; 92:283-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Koren-Michowitz
- Division of Hematology; Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Zehavit Buzaglo
- Division of Hematology; Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
| | - Elena Ribakovsky
- Division of Hematology; Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
| | | | - Ilias Pessach
- Division of Hematology; Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
| | - Avichai Shimoni
- Division of Hematology; Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Katia Beider
- Division of Hematology; Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
| | - Ninette Amariglio
- Division of Hematology; Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
| | | | - Arnon Nagler
- Division of Hematology; Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
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10
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Bisen A, Claxton DF. Tyrosine kinase targeted treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and other myeloproliferative neoplasms. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 779:179-96. [PMID: 23288640 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6176-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) include Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and the Ph- diseases primary myelofibrosis (PMF), polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET). Since FDA approval of imatinib in 2001, CML treatment has been focused on tyrosine kinase inhibitors. With these targeted therapies, imatinib-resistant CML has emerged as a major problem. Second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have allowed for effective treatment of some patients with imatinib resistance, but bcr-abl mutants such as T315I remain problematic. Additional agents are in development and are discussed here. New clinical issues with TKI treatment include premature termination of therapy due to adverse-effects, the cost of therapy, and the apparently indefinite duration of treatment in patients who have achieved complete molecular response (CMR). In contrast to Ph+ CML, targeted therapy for Ph- MPNs is novel and of less clear therapeutic potential. New insights into Ph- MPNs include alterations in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, particularly as mediated by the JAK2 V617F mutation. The recent development of multiple JAK2 inhibitors has provided hope for the rational and effective management of these disorders. Recently, ruxolitinib was approved as therapy for PMF. Current data suggests, however, that given its vital cell signaling function, the therapeutic benefit of targeting Jak kinases in general, or JAK2 specifically may be less than that derived from ABL-directed TKI treatment of CML. This review focuses on the current treatment options for CML and Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and limitations faced in current clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Bisen
- Department of Medicine and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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11
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Sprowl JA, Mikkelsen TS, Giovinazzo H, Sparreboom A. Contribution of tumoral and host solute carriers to clinical drug response. Drug Resist Updat 2012; 15:5-20. [PMID: 22459901 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Members of the solute carrier family of transporters are responsible for the cellular uptake of a broad range of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics in multiple tissues. Several of these solute carriers are known to be expressed in cancer cells or cancer cell lines, and decreased cellular uptake of drugs potentially contributes to the development of resistance. As result, the expression levels of these proteins in humans have important consequences for an individual's susceptibility to certain drug-induced side effects, interactions, and treatment efficacy. In this review article, we provide an update of this rapidly emerging field, with specific emphasis on the direct contribution of solute carriers to anticancer drug uptake in tumors, the role of these carriers in regulation of anticancer drug disposition, and recent advances in attempts to evaluate these proteins as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Sprowl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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12
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Simara P, Peterkova M, Stejskal S, Potesilova M, Koutna I, Racil Z, Razga F, Jurcek T, Dvorakova D, Mayer J. BCR-ABL activity measured by 50% inhibitory concentration for imatinib, p-CrkL/CrkL ratio or p-CrkL ratio in CD34+ cells of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia does not predict treatment response. Leuk Lymphoma 2012; 53:1627-9. [PMID: 22233112 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2012.656104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/biosynthesis
- Antigens, CD34/biosynthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Benzamides
- Flow Cytometry/methods
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/biosynthesis
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Models, Biological
- Nuclear Proteins/biosynthesis
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Signal Transduction
- Treatment Outcome
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Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder that affects 5000 new patients per year in the United States. Prior to 10 years ago, durable remission was rare and patients often underwent bone marrow transplantation with substantial morbidity and mortality. Fortunately, CML has been the epicenter of exciting advances in cancer therapy with the discovery of the Bcr-Abl gene fusion and the subsequent development of imatinib mesylate, a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, to target the kinase activity of the bcr-abl protein product. Despite unprecedented durability for complete hematologic, cytogenetic, and molecular responses seen with front-line imatinib therapy, many patients require alternative therapy because of drug intolerance, suboptimal response, primary resistance, secondary resistance, or progression to advanced phase disease. Further, up to 5% of patients present with advanced disease that does not sustain a durable response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Thus, up to one third of CML patients require alternate therapy. Chronic myeloid leukemia has become an exemplary model system for understanding molecular targeting and overcoming mechanisms of drug resistance. This review will discuss potential mechanisms of resistance and ongoing research into novel targets and agents for CML resistant to standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameek Roychowdhury
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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14
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Nambu T, Hamada A, Nakashima R, Yuki M, Kawaguchi T, Mitsuya H, Saito H. Association of SLCO1B3 polymorphism with intracellular accumulation of imatinib in leukocytes in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:114-9. [PMID: 21212528 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular concentration of imatinib in leukemic cells is thought to affect the clinical efficacy of this drug in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML); however, there is no report that directly indicates the relationship between intracellular concentration and clinical outcome and/or, plasma concentration. In addition, the impacts of genetic variations of drug transporters, which mediate leukocyte concentration of imatinib, are unknown. In the present study, we investigated the correlation between intracellular imatinib concentrations in leukocytes, plasma imatinib levels, and genotypes of drug transporters, including ATP binding cassette B1 (ABCB), ABCG2, solute carrier 22A1 (SLC22A1), solute carrier organic anion transporter family members 1B1 (SLCO1B1) and SLCO1B3. The imatinib levels in leukocytes were determined using HPLC in 15 patients with chronic phase CML. No significant correlation between intracellular and plasma concentrations of imatinib was observed. The intracellular concentration was comparable in both patients with or without complete cytogenetic response. The intracellular imatinib concentration was significantly higher in patients with SLCO1B3 334TT than in those with 334TG/GG (p=0.0188). Plasma concentrations were similar in both SLCO1B3 genotypes (p=0.860), thereby resulting in the intracellular to plasma concentration ratio being higher in patients with SLCO1B3 334TT than those with 334 TG/GG (p=0.0502). These results suggested that the SLCO1B3 334T>G polymorphism could have a significant impact on the intracellular concentration of imatinib in leukocytes as a promising biomarker for personalized treatment of CML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Nambu
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
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Eechoute K, Sparreboom A, Burger H, Franke RM, Schiavon G, Verweij J, Loos WJ, Wiemer EA, Mathijssen RH. Drug Transporters and Imatinib Treatment: Implications for Clinical Practice. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 17:406-15. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-2250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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