1
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Heald JS, López AM, Pato ML, Ruiz-Xivillé N, Cabezón M, Zamora L, Vives S, Coll R, Maluquer C, Granada I, Solé F, Esteller M, Berdasco M. Identification of novel NUP98 fusion partners and comutations in acute myeloid leukemia: an adult cohort study. Blood Adv 2024; 8:2691-2694. [PMID: 38536941 PMCID: PMC11170135 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James S. Heald
- Epigenetic Therapies Group, Experimental and Clinical Hematology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Méndez López
- Hematology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel L. Pato
- Epigenetic Therapies Group, Experimental and Clinical Hematology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Ruiz-Xivillé
- Hematology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cabezón
- Hematology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lurdes Zamora
- Hematology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Vives
- Hematology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Coll
- Hematology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology-Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Clara Maluquer
- Haematology Department, ICO Hospitalet, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Granada
- Hematology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Solé
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Group, Institut de Recerca Contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Cancer and Leukemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Berdasco
- Epigenetic Therapies Group, Experimental and Clinical Hematology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Yokoyama A, Niida H, Kutateladze TG, Côté J. HBO1, a MYSTerious KAT and its links to cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024; 1867:195045. [PMID: 38851533 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2024.195045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The histone acetyltransferase HBO1, also known as KAT7, is a major chromatin modifying enzyme responsible for H3 and H4 acetylation. It is found within two distinct tetrameric complexes, the JADE subunit-containing complex and BRPF subunit-containing complex. The HBO1-JADE complex acetylates lysine 5, 8 and 12 of histone H4, and the HBO1-BRPF complex acetylates lysine 14 of histone H3. HBO1 regulates gene transcription, DNA replication, DNA damage repair, and centromere function. It is involved in diverse signaling pathways and plays crucial roles in development and stem cell biology. Recent work has established a strong relationship of HBO1 with the histone methyltransferase MLL/KMT2A in acute myeloid leukemia. Here, we discuss functional and pathological links of HBO1 to cancer, highlighting the underlying mechanisms that may pave the way to the development of novel anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Yokoyama
- Tsuruoka Metabolomics Laboratory, National Cancer Center, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Niida
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tatiana G Kutateladze
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America.
| | - Jacques Côté
- St-Patrick Research Group in Basic Oncology, Oncology Division-CHU de Québec-UL Research Center, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.
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3
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Li M, Zhao H. Bioinformatics analysis of the expression and clinical significance of the NUP210 Gene in acute myeloid leukaemia. Hematology 2022; 27:456-462. [PMID: 35413221 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2061107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
: Nucleoporin 210 (NUP210) is a membrane-spanning nuclear protein known to be involved in the development of solid tumours; however, its role in haematological cancers has not been investigated. This study aimed to assess the expression and prognostic potential of NUP210 gene expression in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). : In this study, we assessed the expression and prognostic potential of NUP210 gene expression in patients with AML through bioinformatics analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases. :The expression of NUP210 mRNA in bone marrow was significantly increased in patients with AML compared to that in healthy individuals and was correlated with AML subtypes according to French-American-British classification as well as with bone marrow blast counts and patient sex (P < 0.05). The high NUP210 expression level was an independent biomarker of poor prognosis in the total AML population (P < 0.05) and separately in female but not male patients. : Our results of NUP210 mRNA analyses revealed, for the first time, that NUP210 transcription was upregulated in patients with AML and positively associated with unfavourable AML prognosis, suggesting that NUP210 expression can be used as guidance in patient stratification for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Li
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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4
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Abstract
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a highly conserved channel in the nuclear envelope that mediates mRNA export to the cytosol and bidirectional protein transport. Many chromosomal loci physically interact with nuclear pore proteins (Nups), and interactions with Nups can promote transcriptional repression, transcriptional activation, and transcriptional poising. Interaction with the NPC also affects the spatial arrangement of genes, interchromosomal clustering, and folding of topologically associated domains. Thus, the NPC is a spatial organizer of the genome and regulator of genome function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Chas Sumner
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Jason Brickner
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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5
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Takahashi S, Kanai A, Okuda H, Miyamoto R, Komata Y, Kawamura T, Matsui H, Inaba T, Takaori-Kondo A, Yokoyama A. HBO1-MLL interaction promotes AF4/ENL/P-TEFb-mediated leukemogenesis. eLife 2021; 10:e65872. [PMID: 34431785 PMCID: PMC8387021 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemic oncoproteins cause uncontrolled self-renewal of hematopoietic progenitors by aberrant gene activation, eventually causing leukemia. However, the molecular mechanism underlying aberrant gene activation remains elusive. Here, we showed that leukemic MLL fusion proteins associate with the HBO1 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex through their trithorax homology domain 2 (THD2) in various human cell lines. MLL proteins associated with the HBO1 complex through multiple contacts mediated mainly by the ING4/5 and PHF16 subunits in a chromatin-bound context where histone H3 lysine 4 tri-methylation marks were present. Of the many MLL fusions, MLL-ELL particularly depended on the THD2-mediated association with the HBO1 complex for leukemic transformation. The C-terminal portion of ELL provided a binding platform for multiple factors including AF4, EAF1, and p53. MLL-ELL activated gene expression in murine hematopoietic progenitors by loading an AF4/ENL/P-TEFb (AEP) complex onto the target promoters wherein the HBO1 complex promoted the association with AEP complex over EAF1 and p53. Moreover, the NUP98-HBO1 fusion protein exerted its oncogenic properties via interaction with MLL but not its intrinsic HAT activity. Thus, the interaction between the HBO1 complex and MLL is an important nexus in leukemic transformation, which may serve as a therapeutic target for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takahashi
- Tsuruoka Metabolomics Laboratory, National Cancer CenterTsuruokaJapan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Akinori Kanai
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Leukemia Program Project, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Okuda
- Tsuruoka Metabolomics Laboratory, National Cancer CenterTsuruokaJapan
| | - Ryo Miyamoto
- Tsuruoka Metabolomics Laboratory, National Cancer CenterTsuruokaJapan
| | - Yosuke Komata
- Tsuruoka Metabolomics Laboratory, National Cancer CenterTsuruokaJapan
| | | | - Hirotaka Matsui
- Department of Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Toshiya Inaba
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Leukemia Program Project, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Akihiko Yokoyama
- Tsuruoka Metabolomics Laboratory, National Cancer CenterTsuruokaJapan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
- Division of Hematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
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6
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Michmerhuizen NL, Klco JM, Mullighan CG. Mechanistic insights and potential therapeutic approaches for NUP98-rearranged hematologic malignancies. Blood 2020; 136:2275-2289. [PMID: 32766874 PMCID: PMC7702474 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020007093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleoporin 98 (NUP98) fusion oncoproteins are observed in a spectrum of hematologic malignancies, particularly pediatric leukemias with poor patient outcomes. Although wild-type full-length NUP98 is a member of the nuclear pore complex, the chromosomal translocations leading to NUP98 gene fusions involve the intrinsically disordered and N-terminal region of NUP98 with over 30 partner genes. Fusion partners include several genes bearing homeodomains or having known roles in transcriptional or epigenetic regulation. Based on data in both experimental models and patient samples, NUP98 fusion oncoprotein-driven leukemogenesis is mediated by changes in chromatin structure and gene expression. Multiple cofactors associate with NUP98 fusion oncoproteins to mediate transcriptional changes possibly via phase separation, in a manner likely dependent on the fusion partner. NUP98 gene fusions co-occur with a set of additional mutations, including FLT3-internal tandem duplication and other events contributing to increased proliferation. To improve the currently dire outcomes for patients with NUP98-rearranged malignancies, therapeutic strategies have been considered that target transcriptional and epigenetic machinery, cooperating alterations, and signaling or cell-cycle pathways. With the development of more faithful experimental systems and continued study, we anticipate great strides in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic vulnerabilities at play in NUP98-rearranged models. Taken together, these studies should lead to improved clinical outcomes for NUP98-rearranged leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffery M Klco
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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7
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Fagnan A, Mercher T. NUP98 and KMT2A: usually the bride rather than the bridesmaid. Haematologica 2020; 105:1757-1760. [PMID: 32611575 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.253476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Fagnan
- INSERM U1170, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif.,Université Paris Diderot, Paris.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris
| | - Thomas Mercher
- INSERM U1170, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif.,Université Paris Diderot, Paris.,Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris.,Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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8
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Fisher JN, Thanasopoulou A, Juge S, Tzankov A, Bagger FO, Mendez MA, Peters AHFM, Schwaller J. Transforming activities of the NUP98-KMT2A fusion gene associated with myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2019; 105:1857-1867. [PMID: 31558671 PMCID: PMC7327646 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.219188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inv(11)(p15q23), found in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia, leads to expression of a fusion protein consisting of the N-terminal of nucleoporin 98 (NUP98) and the majority of the lysine methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A). To explore the transforming potential of this fusion we established inducible iNUP98-KMT2A transgenic mice. After a median latency of 80 weeks, over 90% of these mice developed signs of disease, with anemia and reduced bone marrow cellularity, increased white blood cell numbers, extramedullary hematopoiesis, and multilineage dysplasia. Additionally, induction of iNUP98-KMT2A led to elevated lineage marker-negative Sca-1+ c-Kit+ cell numbers in the bone marrow, which outcompeted wildtype cells in repopulation assays. Six iNUP98-KMT2A mice developed transplantable acute myeloid leukemia with leukemic blasts infiltrating multiple organs. Notably, as reported for patients, iNUP98-KMT2A leukemic blasts did not express increased levels of the HoxA-B-C gene cluster, and in contrast to KMT2A-AF9 leukemic cells, the cells were resistant to pharmacological targeting of menin and BET family proteins by MI-2-2 or JQ1, respectively. Expression of iNUP98-KMT2A in mouse embryonic fibroblasts led to an accumulation of cells in G1 phase, and abrogated replicative senescence. In bone marrow-derived hematopoietic progenitors, iNUP98-KMT2A expression similarly resulted in increased cell numbers in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, with aberrant gene expression of Sirt1, Tert, Rbl2, Twist1, Vim, and Prkcd, mimicking that seen in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. In summary, we demonstrate that iNUP98-KMT2A has in vivo transforming activity and interferes with cell cycle progression rather than primarily blocking differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Fisher
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB).,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | - Angeliki Thanasopoulou
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB).,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | - Sabine Juge
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB).,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | | | - Frederik O Bagger
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB).,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | - Max A Mendez
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB).,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
| | - Antoine H F M Peters
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel.,Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juerg Schwaller
- University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB) .,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel
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9
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Othman MAK, Grygalewicz B, Pienkowska-Grela B, Rincic M, Rittscher K, Melo JB, Carreira IM, Meyer B, Marzena W, Liehr T. Novel Cryptic Rearrangements in Adult B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Involving the MLL Gene. J Histochem Cytochem 2015; 63:384-90. [PMID: 25699572 DOI: 10.1369/0022155415576201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MLL (mixed-lineage-leukemia) gene rearrangements are typical for acute leukemia and are associated with an aggressive course of disease, with a worse outcome than comparable case, and thus require intensified treatment. Here we describe a 69-year-old female with adult B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) with hyperleukocytosis and immunophenotype CD10- and CD19+ with cryptic MLL rearrangements. G-banding at the time of diagnosis showed a normal karyotype: 46,XX. Molecular cytogenetics using multitude multicolor banding (mMCB) revealed a complex rearrangement of the two copies of chromosome 11. However, a locus-specific probe additionally identified that the MLL gene at 11q23.3 was disrupted, and that the 5' region was inserted into the chromosomal sub-band 4q21; thus the aberration involved three chromosomes and five break events. Unfortunately, the patient died six months after the initial diagnosis from serious infections and severe complications. Overall, the present findings confirm that, by far not all MLL aberrations are seen by routine chromosome banding techniques and that fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) should be regarded as standard tool to access MLL rearrangements in patients with BCP-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moneeb A K Othman
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Jena, Germany (MAKO, MR, KR, TL)
| | - Beata Grygalewicz
- Cytogenetic Laboratory, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute, Warsaw, Poland (BG)
| | - Barbara Pienkowska-Grela
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (BPG)
| | - Martina Rincic
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Jena, Germany (MAKO, MR, KR, TL),Croatian Institute of Brain Research, Zagreb, Croatia (MR)
| | - Katharina Rittscher
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Jena, Germany (MAKO, MR, KR, TL)
| | - Joana B Melo
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (JBM, IMC),CIMAGO, Centro de Investigação em Meio Ambiente, Genéticae Oncobiologia University of Coimbra, (JBM, IMC)
| | - Isabel M Carreira
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (JBM, IMC),CIMAGO, Centro de Investigação em Meio Ambiente, Genéticae Oncobiologia University of Coimbra, (JBM, IMC)
| | | | - Watek Marzena
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland (WM)
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Jena, Germany (MAKO, MR, KR, TL)
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10
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Mondal BC, Shim J, Evans CJ, Banerjee U. Pvr expression regulators in equilibrium signal control and maintenance of Drosophila blood progenitors. eLife 2014; 3:e03626. [PMID: 25201876 PMCID: PMC4185420 DOI: 10.7554/elife.03626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood progenitors within the lymph gland, a larval organ that supports hematopoiesis in Drosophila melanogaster, are maintained by integrating signals emanating from niche-like cells and those from differentiating blood cells. We term the signal from differentiating cells the 'equilibrium signal' in order to distinguish it from the 'niche signal'. Earlier we showed that equilibrium signaling utilizes Pvr (the Drosophila PDGF/VEGF receptor), STAT92E, and adenosine deaminase-related growth factor A (ADGF-A) (Mondal et al., 2011). Little is known about how this signal initiates during hematopoietic development. To identify new genes involved in lymph gland blood progenitor maintenance, particularly those involved in equilibrium signaling, we performed a genetic screen that identified bip1 (bric à brac interacting protein 1) and Nucleoporin 98 (Nup98) as additional regulators of the equilibrium signal. We show that the products of these genes along with the Bip1-interacting protein RpS8 (Ribosomal protein S8) are required for the proper expression of Pvr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bama Charan Mondal
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Jiwon Shim
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cory J Evans
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Utpal Banerjee
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
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11
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Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are the sole gateways between the nucleus and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and they mediate all macromolecular trafficking between these cellular compartments. Nucleocytoplasmic transport is highly selective and precisely regulated and as such an important aspect of normal cellular function. Defects in this process or in its machinery have been linked to various human diseases, including cancer. Nucleoporins, which are about 30 proteins that built up NPCs, are critical players in nucleocytoplasmic transport and have also been shown to be key players in numerous other cellular processes, such as cell cycle control and gene expression regulation. This review will focus on the three nucleoporins Nup98, Nup214, and Nup358. Common to them is their significance in nucleocytoplasmic transport, their multiple other functions, and being targets for chromosomal translocations that lead to haematopoietic malignancies, in particular acute myeloid leukaemia. The underlying molecular mechanisms of nucleoporin-associated leukaemias are only poorly understood but share some characteristics and are distinguished by their poor prognosis and therapy outcome.
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12
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Functional and molecular features of the calmodulin-interacting protein IQCG required for haematopoiesis in zebrafish. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3811. [PMID: 24787902 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported a fusion protein NUP98-IQCG in an acute leukaemia, which functions as an aberrant regulator of transcriptional expression, yet the structure and function of IQCG have not been characterized. Here we use zebrafish to investigate the role of iqcg in haematopoietic development, and find that the numbers of haematopoietic stem cells and multilineage-differentiated cells are reduced in iqcg-deficient embryos. Mechanistically, IQCG binds to calmodulin (CaM) and acts as a molecule upstream of CaM-dependent kinase IV (CaMKIV). Crystal structures of complexes between CaM and IQ domain of IQCG reveal dual CaM-binding footprints in this motif, and provide a structural basis for a higher CaM-IQCG affinity when deprived of calcium. The results collectively allow us to understand IQCG-mediated calcium signalling in haematopoiesis, and propose a model in which IQCG stores CaM at low cytoplasmic calcium concentrations, and releases CaM to activate CaMKIV when calcium level rises.
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13
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Katsani KR, Irimia M, Karapiperis C, Scouras ZG, Blencowe BJ, Promponas VJ, Ouzounis CA. Functional genomics evidence unearths new moonlighting roles of outer ring coat nucleoporins. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4655. [PMID: 24722254 PMCID: PMC3983603 DOI: 10.1038/srep04655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence for the involvement of Y-complex nucleoporins (Y-Nups) in cellular processes beyond the inner core of nuclear pores of eukaryotes. To comprehensively assess the range of possible functions of Y-Nups, we delimit their structural and functional properties by high-specificity sequence profiles and tissue-specific expression patterns. Our analysis establishes the presence of Y-Nups across eukaryotes with novel composite domain architectures, supporting new moonlighting functions in DNA repair, RNA processing, signaling and mitotic control. Y-Nups associated with a select subset of the discovered domains are found to be under tight coordinated regulation across diverse human and mouse cell types and tissues, strongly implying that they function in conjunction with the nuclear pore. Collectively, our results unearth an expanded network of Y-Nup interactions, thus supporting the emerging view of the Y-complex as a dynamic protein assembly with diverse functional roles in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina R Katsani
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, GR-68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Manuel Irimia
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Christos Karapiperis
- Department of Genetics, Development & Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessalonica, Greece
| | - Zacharias G Scouras
- Department of Genetics, Development & Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessalonica, Greece
| | - Benjamin J Blencowe
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Vasilis J Promponas
- Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, PO Box 20537, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christos A Ouzounis
- 1] Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada [2] Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, PO Box 20537, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus [3] Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology, PO Box 361, GR-57001 Thessalonica, Greece [4]
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14
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Takeda A, Yaseen NR. Nucleoporins and nucleocytoplasmic transport in hematologic malignancies. Semin Cancer Biol 2014; 27:3-10. [PMID: 24657637 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are often associated with chromosomal rearrangements that lead to the expression of chimeric fusion proteins. Rearrangements of the genes encoding two nucleoporins, NUP98 and NUP214, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several types of hematologic malignancies, particularly acute myeloid leukemia. NUP98 rearrangements result in fusion of an N-terminal portion of NUP98 to one of numerous proteins. These rearrangements often follow treatment with topoisomerase II inhibitors and tend to occur in younger patients. They have been shown to induce leukemia in mice and to enhance proliferation and disrupt differentiation in primary human hematopoietic precursors. NUP214 has only a few fusion partners. DEK-NUP214 is the most common NUP214 fusion in AML; it tends to occur in younger patients and is usually associated with FLT3 internal tandem duplications. The leukemogenic activity of NUP214 fusions is less well characterized. Normal nucleoporins, including NUP98 and NUP214, have important functions in nucleocytoplasmic transport, transcription, and mitosis. These functions and their disruptions by oncogenic nucleoporin fusions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Takeda
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, United States.
| | - Nabeel R Yaseen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, United States.
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Braekeleer ED, Douet-Guilbert N, Basinko A, Bris MJL, Morel F, Braekeleer MD. Hox gene dysregulation in acute myeloid leukemia. Future Oncol 2014; 10:475-95. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: In humans, class I homeobox genes (HOX genes) are distributed in four clusters. Upstream regulators include transcriptional activators and members of the CDX family of transcription factors. HOX genes encode proteins and need cofactor interactions, to increase their specificity and selectivity. HOX genes contribute to the organization and regulation of hematopoiesis by controlling the balance between proliferation and differentiation. Changes in HOX gene expression can be associated with chromosomal rearrangements generating fusion genes, such as those involving MLL and NUP98, or molecular defects, such as mutations in NPM1 and CEBPA for example. Several miRNAs are involved in the control of HOX gene expression and their expression correlates with HOX gene dysregulation. HOX genes dysregulation is a dominant mechanism of leukemic transformation. A better knowledge of their target genes and the mechanisms by which their dysregulated expression contributes to leukemogenesis could lead to the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne De Braekeleer
- Laboratoire d’Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Nathalie Douet-Guilbert
- Laboratoire d’Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Audrey Basinko
- Laboratoire d’Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Marie-Josée Le Bris
- Service de Cytogénétique, Cytologie et Biologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Morvan, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
| | - Frédéric Morel
- Laboratoire d’Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Marc De Braekeleer
- Laboratoire d’Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Brest, Brest, France
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Yamamoto K, Yakushijin K, Okamura A, Ueda S, Nakamachi Y, Kawano S, Matsuoka H, Minami H. Hyperdiploidy and duplication of der(11)ins(10;11)(p12;q23q14) in acute myeloid leukemia with MLL/MLLT10fusion gene. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 54:2055-8. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2012.762094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
Mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) is a key epigenetic regulator of normal hematopoietic development and chromosomal translocations involving MLL are one of the most common genetic alterations in human leukemia. Here we show that ASB2, a component of the ECS(ASB) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, mediates MLL degradation through interaction with the PHD/Bromodomain region of MLL. Forced expression of ASB2 degrades MLL and reduces MLL transactivation activity. In contrast, the MLL-AF9 fusion protein does not interact with ASB2 and is resistant to ASB2 mediated degradation. Increased expression of ASB2 during hematopoietic differentiation is associated with decreased levels of MLL protein and down-regulation of MLL target genes. Knockdown of ASB2 leads to increased expression of HOXA9 and delayed cell differentiation. Our data support a model whereby ASB2 contributes to hematopoietic differentiation, in part, through MLL degradation and HOX gene down-regulation. Moreover, deletion of the PHD/Bromo region renders MLL fusion proteins resistant to ASB2-mediated degradation and may contribute to leukemogenesis.
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Petit A, Ragu C, Soler G, Ottolenghi C, Schluth C, Radford-Weiss I, Schneider-Maunoury S, Callebaut I, Dastugue N, Drabkin HA, Bernard OA, Romana S, Penard-Lacronique V. Functional analysis of the NUP98-CCDC28A fusion protein. Haematologica 2011; 97:379-87. [PMID: 22058212 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2011.047969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nucleoporin gene NUP98 is rearranged in more than 27 chromosomal abnormalities observed in childhood and adult, de novo and therapy-related acute leukemias of myeloid and T-lymphoid origins, resulting in the creation of fusion genes and the expression of chimeric proteins. We report here the functional analysis of the NUP98-coiled-coil domain-containing protein 28A (NUP98-CCDC28A) fusion protein, expressed as the consequence of a recurrent t(6;11)(q24.1;p15.5) translocation. DESIGN AND METHODS To gain insight into the function of the native CCDC28A gene, we collected information on any differential expression of CCDC28A among normal hematologic cell types and within subgroups of acute leukemia. To assess the in vivo effects of the NUP98-CCDC28A fusion, NUP98-CCDC28A or full length CCDC28A were retrovirally transduced into primary murine bone marrow cells and transduced cells were next transplanted into sub-lethally irradiated recipient mice. RESULTS Our in silico analyses supported a contribution of CCDC28A to discrete stages of murine hematopoietic development. They also suggested selective enrichment of CCDC28A in the French-American-British M6 class of human acute leukemia. Primary murine hematopoietic progenitor cells transduced with NUP98-CCDC28A generated a fully penetrant and transplantable myeloproliferative neoplasm-like myeloid leukemia and induced selective expansion of granulocyte/macrophage progenitors in the bone marrow of transplanted recipients, showing that NUP98-CCDC28A promotes the proliferative capacity and self-renewal potential of myeloid progenitors. In addition, the transformation mediated by NUP98-CCDC28A was not associated with deregulation of the Hoxa-Meis1 pathway, a feature shared by a diverse set of NUP98 fusions. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the recurrent NUP98-CCDC28A is an oncogene that induces a rapid and transplantable myeloid neoplasm in recipient mice. They also provide additional evidence for an alternative leukemogenic mechanism for NUP98 oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Petit
- INSERM U985, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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Abstract
Structural chromosomal rearrangements of the Nucleoporin 98 gene (NUP98), primarily balanced translocations and inversions, are associated with a wide array of hematopoietic malignancies. NUP98 is known to be fused to at least 28 different partner genes in patients with hematopoietic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis, myelodysplastic syndrome, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and bilineage/biphenotypic leukemia. NUP98 gene fusions typically encode a fusion protein that retains the amino terminus of NUP98; in this context, it is important to note that several recent studies have demonstrated that the amino-terminal portion of NUP98 exhibits transcription activation potential. Approximately half of the NUP98 fusion partners encode homeodomain proteins, and at least 5 NUP98 fusions involve known histone-modifying genes. Several of the NUP98 fusions, including NUP98-homeobox (HOX)A9, NUP98-HOXD13, and NUP98-JARID1A, have been used to generate animal models of both lymphoid and myeloid malignancy; these models typically up-regulate HOXA cluster genes, including HOXA5, HOXA7, HOXA9, and HOXA10. In addition, several of the NUP98 fusion proteins have been shown to inhibit differentiation of hematopoietic precursors and to increase self-renewal of hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells, providing a potential mechanism for malignant transformation.
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Sarma NJ, Yaseen NR. Amino-terminal enhancer of split (AES) interacts with the oncoprotein NUP98-HOXA9 and enhances its transforming ability. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:38989-9001. [PMID: 21937451 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.297952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
NUP98-HOXA9 is the prototype of NUP98 fusion oncoproteins that cause acute myeloid leukemia. It consists of an N-terminal FG-rich portion of the nucleoporin NUP98 fused to the homeodomain region of the homeobox protein HOXA9, and acts as an aberrant transcription factor. To identify interacting partners of NUP98-HOXA9, we used a cytoplasmic yeast two-hybrid assay to avoid the nonspecific trans-activation that would occur with the traditional yeast two-hybrid assay due to the transactivating properties of NUP98-HOXA9. We identified amino-terminal enhancer of split (AES), a transcriptional regulator of the transducin-like enhancer/Groucho family as a novel interaction partner of NUP98-HOXA9. The interaction was confirmed by in vitro pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation assays and was shown to require the FG repeat region of NUP98-HOXA9. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that AES localizes primarily to the interior of the nucleus. AES also showed a strong interaction with wild-type NUP98. AES augmented the transcriptional activity of NUP98-HOXA9. In the presence of NUP98-HOXA9, AES caused an increase in long-term proliferation of primary human CD34+ cells with a marked increase in the numbers of primitive cells. These effects of AES were not observed in the absence of NUP98-HOXA9. AES knockdown diminished the transcriptional and proliferative effects of NUP98-HOXA9. AES caused a shift away from the erythroid lineage in cells expressing NUP98-HOXA9. These data establish AES as an interacting partner of NUP98-HOXA9 and show that it cooperates with NUP98-HOXA9 in transcriptional regulation and cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayan J Sarma
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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