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Andrzejczak A, Małkiewicz B, Tupikowski K, Ptaszkowski K, Szydełko T, Karabon L. Effect of HVEM/CD160 Variations on the Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma Risk and Overall Survival. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6860. [PMID: 38999968 PMCID: PMC11241222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 90-95% of all kidney cancers in adults, with clear cell RCC (ccRCC) being the most frequently identified subtype. RCC is known for its responsiveness to immunotherapy, making it an area of significant research interest. Immune checkpoint (IC) molecules, which regulate immune surveillance, are established therapeutic targets in RCC. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of HVEM and CD160 gene polymorphisms on ccRCC susceptibility and patient overall survival (OS) over a ten-year period of observation. We genotyped three HVEM single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs1886730, rs2234167, and rs8725, as well as two CD160 SNPs: rs744877 and rs2231375, in 238 ccRCC patients and 521 controls. Our findings indicated that heterozygosity within rs2231375 and/or rs2234167 increases ccRCC risk. Furthermore, in women, heterozygosity within HVEM SNPs rs8725 and rs1886730 is also associated with an increased ccRCC risk. The presence of a minor allele for rs1886730, rs2234167, rs8725, and rs2231375 was also correlated with certain clinical features of ccRCC. Moreover, rs1886730 was found to be associated with OS. In conclusion, our study highlights an association between HVEM and CD160 polymorphisms and the risk of developing ccRCC as well as OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Andrzejczak
- Laboratory of Genetic and Epigenetic of Human Diseases, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Bartosz Małkiewicz
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (B.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Tupikowski
- Subdivision of Urology, Lower Silesian Center for Oncology, Pulmonology and Hematology, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Kuba Ptaszkowski
- Department of Clinical Biomechanics and Physiotherapy in Motor System Disorders, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Szydełko
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (B.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Lidia Karabon
- Laboratory of Genetic and Epigenetic of Human Diseases, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Zhao P, Xie L, Yu L, Wang P. Targeting CD47-SIRPα axis for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma immunotherapy. Genes Dis 2024; 11:205-217. [PMID: 37588232 PMCID: PMC10425755 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) and signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) protects healthy cells from macrophage attack, which is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis. Overexpression of CD47 occurs widely across various tumor cell types and transmits the "don't eat me" signal to macrophages to avoid phagocytosis through binding to SIRPα. Blockade of the CD47-SIRPα axis is therefore a promising approach for cancer treatment. Lymphoma is the most common hematological malignancy and is an area of unmet clinical need. This review mainly described the current strategies targeting the CD47-SIRPα axis, including antibodies, SIRPα Fc fusion proteins, small molecule inhibitors, and peptides both in preclinical studies and clinical trials with Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Longyan Xie
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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3
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Oumeslakht L, Aziz AI, Bensussan A, Ben Mkaddem S. CD160 receptor in CLL: Current state and future avenues. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1028013. [PMID: 36420268 PMCID: PMC9676924 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CD160 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface glycoprotein expressed on cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells and T-cell subsets. It plays a crucial role in the activation of NK-cell cytotoxicity and cytokine production. It also modulates the immune system and is involved in some pathologies, such as cancer. CD160 is abnormally expressed in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) but not expressed in normal B lymphocytes. Its expression in CLL enhances tumor cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. CD160 is also a potential prognostic marker for the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in CLL, which is important for the clinical management of CLL, the prevention of disease relapse, and the achievement of complete remission. In this review, we present an overview of CD160 and its involvement in the pathophysiology of CLL. We also discuss its use as a prognostic marker for the assessment of MRD in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Oumeslakht
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Abdel-ilah Aziz
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Armand Bensussan
- INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
- Institut Jean Godinot, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Reims, France
| | - Sanae Ben Mkaddem
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
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4
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Liu C, Zhou X, Jin J, Zhu Q, Li L, Yin Q, Xu T, Gu W, Ma F, Yang R. The Association Between Breast Cancer and Blood-Based Methylation of CD160, ISYNA1 and RAD51B in the Chinese Population. Front Genet 2022; 13:927519. [PMID: 35812748 PMCID: PMC9261985 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.927519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified DNA methylation signatures in the white blood cells as potential biomarkers for breast cancer (BC) in the European population. Here, we investigated the association between BC and blood-based methylation of cluster of differentiation 160 (CD160), inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1 (ISYNA1) and RAD51 paralog B (RAD51B) genes in the Chinese population. Peripheral blood samples were collected from two independent case-control studies with a total of 272 sporadic early-stage BC cases (76.5% at stage I&II) and 272 cancer-free female controls. Mass spectrometry was applied to quantitatively measure the levels of DNA methylation. The logistic regression and non-parametric tests were used for the statistical analyses. In contrast to the protective effects reported in European women, we reported the blood-based hypomethylation in CD160, ISYNA1 and RAD51B as risk factors for BC in the Chinese population (CD160_CpG_3, CD160_CpG_4/cg20975414, ISYNA1_CpG_2, RAD51B_CpG_3 and RAD51B_CpG_4; odds ratios (ORs) per -10% methylation ranging from 1.08 to 1.67, p < 0.05 for all). Moreover, hypomethylation of CD160, ISYNA1 and RAD51B was significantly correlated with age, BC subtypes including estrogen receptor (ER)-negative BC tumors, triple negative tumors, BC cases with larger size, advanced stages and more lymph node involvement. Our results supported the report in European women that BC is associated with altered methylation of CD160, ISYNA1 and RAD51B in the peripheral blood, although the effects are opposite in the Chinese population. The difference between the two populations may be due to variant genetic background or life styles, implicating that the validations of epigenetic biomarkers in variant ethnic groups are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiajie Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialie Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiming Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wanjian Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rongxi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Rongxi Yang,
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Piotrowska M, Spodzieja M, Kuncewicz K, Rodziewicz-Motowidło S, Orlikowska M. CD160 protein as a new therapeutic target in a battle against autoimmune, infectious and lifestyle diseases. Analysis of the structure, interactions and functions. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113694. [PMID: 34273660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored transmembrane glycoprotein CD160 (cluster of differentiation 160) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Four isoforms, which differ by the presence or absence of an immunoglobulin-like domain and the mode of anchoring in the cell membrane, have been identified. CD160 has a significant impact on the proper functioning of the immune system by activating natural killer cells and inhibiting T cells. CD160 is a natural ligand for herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM), a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. The CD160-HVEM complex is a rare example of direct interaction between the two different superfamilies. The interaction of these two proteins leads to the inhibition of CD4+ T cells which, in consequence, leads to the inhibition of the correct response of the immune system. Available research articles indicate that CD160 plays a role in various types of cancer, chronic viral diseases, malaria, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, atherosclerosis, autoimmune diseases, skin inflammation, acute liver damage and retinal vascular disease. We present here an overview of the CD160 protein, the general characteristics of the receptor and its isoforms, details of structural studies of CD160 and the CD160-HVEM complex, as well as a description of the role of this protein in selected human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Piotrowska
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Spodzieja
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kuncewicz
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Rodziewicz-Motowidło
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Orlikowska
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland.
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6
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Bozorgmehr N, Okoye I, Oyegbami O, Xu L, Fontaine A, Cox-Kennett N, Larratt LM, Hnatiuk M, Fagarasanu A, Brandwein J, Peters AC, Elahi S. Expanded antigen-experienced CD160 +CD8 +effector T cells exhibit impaired effector functions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002189. [PMID: 33931471 PMCID: PMC8098955 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T cell exhaustion compromises antitumor immunity, and a sustained elevation of co-inhibitory receptors is a hallmark of T cell exhaustion in solid tumors. Similarly, upregulation of co-inhibitory receptors has been reported in T cells in hematological cancers such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, the role of CD160, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, as one of these co-inhibitory receptors has been contradictory in T cell function. Therefore, we decided to elucidate how CD160 expression and/or co-expression with other co-inhibitory receptors influence T cell effector functions in patients with CLL. Methods We studied 56 patients with CLL and 25 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls in this study. The expression of different co-inhibitory receptors was analyzed in T cells obtained from the peripheral blood or the bone marrow. Also, we quantified the properties of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the plasma of patients with CLL versus healthy controls. Finally, we measured 29 different cytokines, chemokines or other biomarkers in the plasma specimens of patients with CLL and healthy controls. Results We found that CD160 was the most upregulated co-inhibitory receptor in patients with CLL. Its expression was associated with an exhausted T cell phenotype. CD160+CD8+ T cells were highly antigen-experienced/effector T cells, while CD160+CD4+ T cells were more heterogeneous. In particular, we identified EVs as a source of CD160 in the plasma of patients with CLL that can be taken up by T cells. Moreover, we observed a dominantly proinflammatory cytokine profile in the plasma of patients with CLL. In particular, interleukin-16 (IL-16) was highly elevated and correlated with the advanced clinical stage (Rai). Furthermore, we observed that the incubation of T cells with IL-16 results in the upregulation of CD160. Conclusions Our study provides a novel insight into the influence of CD160 expression/co-expression with other co-inhibitory receptors in T cell effector functions in patients with CLL. Besides, IL-16-mediated upregulation of CD160 expression in T cells highlights the importance of IL-16/CD160 as potential immunotherapy targets in patients with CLL. Therefore, our findings propose a significant role for CD160 in T cell exhaustion in patients with CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Bozorgmehr
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Isobel Okoye
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Olaide Oyegbami
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lai Xu
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amelie Fontaine
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nanette Cox-Kennett
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Loree M Larratt
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark Hnatiuk
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrei Fagarasanu
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joseph Brandwein
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anthea C Peters
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada .,Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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7
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BTLA/HVEM Axis Induces NK Cell Immunosuppression and Poor Outcome in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081766. [PMID: 33917094 PMCID: PMC8067870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) represents the most frequent B cell malignancy in Western countries and still remains as an incurable disease. Despite recent advances in targeted therapies including ibrutinib, idelalisib or venetoclax, resistance mechanisms have been described and patients develop a progressive immunosuppression. Since immune checkpoint blockade has demonstrated to reinvigorate T and NK cell-mediated anti-tumor responses, the aim of this work was to elucidate whether this immunosuppression relies, at least in part, in BTLA/HVEM axis in patients with CLL. Our results demonstrate that BTLA and HVEM expression is deeply dysregulated on leukemic and NK cells and correlates with poor outcome. Moreover, soluble BTLA levels correlated with adverse cytogenetics and shorter time to treatment. BTLA blockade restored, at least in part, NK cell-mediated responses in patients with CLL. Altogether, our results provide the rationale to further investigate the role of BTLA/HVEM axis in the pathogenesis of CLL. Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by progressive immunosuppression and diminished cancer immunosurveillance. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-based therapies, a major breakthrough against cancer, have emerged as a powerful tool to reinvigorate antitumor responses. Herein, we analyzed the role of the novel inhibitory checkpoint BTLA and its ligand, HVEM, in the regulation of leukemic and natural killer (NK) cells in CLL. Flow cytometry analyses showed that BTLA expression is upregulated on leukemic cells and NK cells from patients with CLL, whereas HVEM is downregulated only in leukemic cells, especially in patients with advanced Rai-Binet stage. In silico analysis revealed that increased HVEM, but not BTLA, mRNA expression in leukemic cells correlated with diminished overall survival. Further, soluble BTLA (sBTLA) was found to be increased in the sera of patients with CLL and highly correlated with poor prognostic markers and shorter time to treatment. BTLA blockade with an anti-BTLA monoclonal antibody depleted leukemic cells and boosted NK cell-mediated responses ex vivo by increasing their IFN-γ production, cytotoxic capability, and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC). In agreement with an inhibitory role of BTLA in NK cells, surface BTLA expression on NK cells was associated with poor outcome in patients with CLL. Overall, this study is the first to bring to light a role of BTLA/HVEM in the suppression of NK cell-mediated immune responses in CLL and its impact on patient’s prognosis, suggesting that BTLA/HVEM axis may be a potential therapeutic target in this disease.
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8
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Farren TW, Sadanand KS, Agrawal SG. Highly Sensitive and Accurate Assessment of Minimal Residual Disease in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Using the Novel CD160-ROR1 Assay. Front Oncol 2020; 10:597730. [PMID: 33344247 PMCID: PMC7744938 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.597730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Undetectable minimal residual disease (MRD) in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) has a favorable prognostic outcome compared with MRD that can be detected. This study investigated a flow cytometric assay (CD160-ROR1FCA) targeting the tumor-specific antigens CD160 and receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), along with CD2, CD5, CD19, CD45. CD160-ROR1FCA was compared with the originally published 8-colour European Research Initiative for CLL (ERIC) gold-standard assay for CLL MRD detection. CD160-ROR1FCA had a limit of detection of 0.001% and showed strong correlation with ERIC (R = 0.98, p < 0.01) with negligible differences in MRD detection (bias -0.3152 95%CI 5.586 to -6.216). Using CD160-ROR1FCA, increased expression of both CD160 and ROR1 was found in Monoclonal B cell Lymphocytosis (MBL) compared to low-level polyclonal B-cell expansions (p < 0.01). Patients in CR and with undetectable MRD had a longer EFS (not reached) than those in CR but with detectable MRD (756 days, p < 0.01) versus 113 days in patients with partial remission (p < 0.01). Patients with MRD levels of >0.01 to 0.1% had a longer EFS (2,333 days), versus levels between 0.1 to 1% (1,049 days). CD160-ROR1FCA is a novel assay for routine CLL MRD measurement and for MBL detection. MRD status assessed by CD160-ROR1FCA after CLL treatment correlated with EFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Farren
- Department of Haemato-Oncology and Immunophenotyping (SIHMDS), Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kaushik S Sadanand
- Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samir G Agrawal
- Department of Haemato-Oncology and Immunophenotyping (SIHMDS), Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Uchiyama T, Yokoyama A, Aoki S. Measurable residual disease in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Exp Hematop 2020; 60:138-145. [PMID: 33148932 PMCID: PMC7810249 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.20014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment outcomes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have improved since
chemoimmunotherapy and novel drugs became available for CLL treatment; therefore, more
sensitive methods to evaluate residual CLL cells in patients are required. Measurable
residual disease (MRD) has been assessed in several clinical trials on CLL using flow
cytometry, real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) with allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO)
primers, and high-throughput sequencing. MRD assessment is useful to predict the treatment
outcomes in the context of chemotherapy and treatment with novel drugs such as venetoclax.
In this review, we discuss major techniques for MRD assessment, data from relevant
clinical trials, and the future of MRD assessment in CLL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Uchiyama
- Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Aki Yokoyama
- Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sadao Aoki
- Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Niigata, Japan
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10
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Nannini F, Parekh F, Wawrzyniecka P, Mekkaoui L, Righi M, Dastjerdi FV, Yeung J, Roddie C, Bai Y, Ma B, Ferrari M, Onuoha S, Chester K, Pule M. A primer set for the rapid isolation of scFv fragments against cell surface antigens from immunised rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19168. [PMID: 33154441 PMCID: PMC7644676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody phage display is a powerful platform for discovery of clinically applicable high affinity monoclonal antibodies against a broad range of targets. Libraries generated from immunized animals offer the advantage of in vivo affinity-maturation of V regions prior to library generation. Despite advantages, few studies have described isolation of antibodies from rats using immune phage display. In our study, we describe a novel primer set, covering the full rat heavy chain variable and kappa light chain variable regions repertoire for the generation of an unbiased immune libraries. Since the immune repertoire of rats is poorly understood, we first performed a deep sequencing analysis of the V(D)J regions of VH and VLK genes, demonstrating the high abundance of IGVH2 and IGVH5 families for VH and IGVLK12 and IGVLK22 for VLK. The comparison of gene's family usage in naïve rats have been used to validate the frequency's distribution of the primer set, confirming the absence of PCR-based biases. The primers were used to generate and assemble a phage display library from human CD160-vaccinated rats. CD160 represents a valid therapeutic target as it has been shown to be expressed on chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells and on the surface of newly formed vessels. We utilised a novel phage display panning strategy to isolate a high affinity pool (KD range: 0.399-233 nM) of CD160 targeting monoclonal antibodies. Subsequently, identified binders were tested for function as third generation Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CAR) T cells demonstrating specific cytolytic activity. Our novel primer set coupled with a streamlined strategy for phage display panning enable the rapid isolation and identification of high affinity antibodies from immunised rats. The therapeutic utility of these antibodies was demonstrated in CAR format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nannini
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Farhaan Parekh
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Patrycja Wawrzyniecka
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Leila Mekkaoui
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Matteo Righi
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | | | - Jenny Yeung
- Research Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Claire Roddie
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | | | - Biao Ma
- Autolus Therapeutics, London, UK
| | | | | | - Kerry Chester
- Research Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Martin Pule
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
- Autolus Therapeutics, London, UK.
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11
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Subtype Distribution, Clinical Features, and Survival in B-cell Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorders in China: A Review of 1592 Cases. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2020; 20:e270-e283. [PMID: 32220598 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B-CLPDs) are characterized by the sustained accumulation of monoclonal B cells. Limited studies have systematically described the clinical features and outcomes of the whole patient group, especially in Eastern populations. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 1592 patients with newly diagnosed B-CLPD were enrolled. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) accounted for 39%, and Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), leukemic marginal zone lymphoma, follicular lymphoma (FL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) constituted 13%, 13%, 9%, and 8% of cases, respectively. RESULTS The median age at diagnosis was 58 years, and the male/female ratio was 1.8:1. The 17p and 11q deletions were most common in MCL (36% and 17%, respectively), and 13q deletion and trisomy 12 were most frequent in CLL (35% and 21%, respectively). Patients with leukemic MCL had significantly worse survival than that of patients with other disease entities, with a 3-year overall survival (OS) of 58%, followed by 68.2% for WM/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Those with CLL, leukemic marginal zone lymphoma, and FL had relatively favorable outcomes, with a 5-year OS > 80%. The survival of patients with B-CLPDs has improved over time with the emergence of novel drugs (3-year OS improvement from 82.1% to 92.2%). The improvement in survival mainly resulted from improvement among patients with MCL, WM/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, and FL. On multivariate analysis, only hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase, and 17p deletion were independently associated with survival (hazard ratio, 1.6, 2.0, and 3.1, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive analysis of the clinical characteristics, immunophenotypic profiles, and cytogenetic features can be helpful in the differential diagnosis, especially for patients without a non-bone marrow biopsy specimen available. Universal prognostic factors could help with the early detection of high-risk patients and stratification for risk-adapted therapy.
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12
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Zahran AM, Moeen SM, Thabet AF, Rayan A, Abdel-Rahim MH, Mohamed WMY, Hetta HF. Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients: a single center experience. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:1645-1652. [PMID: 32077360 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1728747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the frequency of peripheral Mo-myeloid-derived suppressor cells (Mo-MDSCs) in newly diagnosed CLL patients and to correlate their level with other prognostic factors such as frequency of CD38 cells and ZAP-70 cells and with the clinical response and survival outcomes in these patients. Fifty CLL patients and 20 age-matched healthy controls were included in this study. Flow cytometric detection of ZAP 70, CD38, and Mo-MDSCs was done. Mo-MDSC levels wer significantly higher in CLL patients (27.51 ± 1.70) than healthy controls (16.79 ± 0.66; p < .0001). Higher levels of Mo-MDSCs were detected in advanced Rai clinical staging than Stage I. Mo-MDSCs level was significantly correlated with the frequency of CD38 (r = 0.505; p < .0001) and ZAP-70 cells (r = 0.421; p < .0001). Higher levels of Mo-MDSCs predict poor survival in CLL patients with Mo-MDSCs levels <25% (n = 21) versus >25% (n = 29; log - Rank test, p < .0001). In conclusion, Mo-MDSCs are correlated with tumor progression and a poor prognosis in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Zahran
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sawsan M Moeen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmad F Thabet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amal Rayan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mona Hussein Abdel-Rahim
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Wael M Y Mohamed
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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13
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Liu S, Zhang W, Liu K, Wang Y. CD160 expression on CD8 + T cells is associated with active effector responses but limited activation potential in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:789-797. [PMID: 32055919 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CD160 is an Ig-like glycoprotein expressed by the majority of circulating natural killer cells and γδ T cells. Whether CD160 could regulate CD8+ T-cell functions remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of CD160 on CD8+ T cells in pancreatic cancer. First, we found that the frequency of PD-1+ cells was comparable between CD160+ and CD160-CD8+ T cells, with the former presenting significantly higher PD-1 expression level. In contrast, the frequency of TIM-3+ cells was higher among CD160+ cells but the expression level was comparable between CD160+ and CD160-CD8+ T cells. The IFN-γ and IL-2-expressing CD8+ T cells, directly ex vivo, were highly enriched in the CD160+ subset. However, when CD160+ and CD160-CD8+ T cells were stimulated, the proliferation levels of CD160+ and CD160- cells were initially comparable, but were significantly lower in CD160+CD8+ T cells than in CD160-CD8+ T cells later on. The IFN-γ and IL-2 transcription levels were initially higher in CD160+CD8+ T cells, but eventually reduced in CD160+CD8+ T cells compared to CD160-CD8+ T cells. Also, CD160+CD8+ T cells presented lower cytotoxic capacity than CD160-CD8+ T cells. Interestingly, we observed that tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells were significantly enriched with the CD160+ subset in pancreatic cancer patients. In addition, patients with higher frequencies of tumor CD160+CD8+ T cells presented lower survival. Overall, these data demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells were enriched with the CD160+ subset in pancreatic cancer, with active effector responses directly ex vivo but limited potential for further activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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14
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El- Neanaey WA, Swelem RS, Ghallab OM, Mohamed Abu-Shelou S. Evaluation of CD160 and CD200 Expression as Differentiating Markers between Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Other Mature B-Cell Neoplasms. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2020; 14:27-37. [PMID: 32337012 PMCID: PMC7167601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present work aimed to investigate the expression of CD160/ CD200 in CLL and other mature B-cell neoplasms (MBN) and their use as an additional diagnostic tool for differentiating CLL from other MBN. Materials and Methods: Using flow cytometry, we detected the expression of CD160 &CD200 on B-cells from 30 CLL patients, 30 other MBN patients in addition to 20 controls. CDs160/200 measurements were determined as a percentage expression (≥20% was considered positive) and as a ratio of the mean fluorescence intensities (MFIR) of leukemic cells/controls and were considered positive when the ratios were ≥2 and 20, respectively. Results: 90% and 100% of the CLL group expressed CDs160/200 in comparison to 60% and 63.3% of other MBN (p=0.007, p<0.001), respectively. By MFIR, 96.7% and 50% of our CLL group expressed CDs160/200 in comparison to 76.7% and 30% of other MBN, respectively. CDs160/ 200 were not expressed on the controls. Positive co-expression of CD160 and CD200 was found in 90% of the CLL cases, 60% of HCL patients and only in 40% of B-NHL. However, double negative expression of both markers was found only in 24% of the B-NHL patients. Conclusion : CD160 with CD200 can be used as additional diagnostic markers to the available routine panel to differentiate between B-CLL and other non-specified B-NHL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Ahmed El- Neanaey
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania Shafik Swelem
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Omar Mohamed Ghallab
- Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sara Mohamed Abu-Shelou
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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15
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Elsaid A, Omran A, Abd Elrhman H. Expression and diagnostic utility of single and combined CD200, CD148 and CD160 markers in mature B‑cell neoplasms as revealed by ROC and SVM analyses. WORLD ACADEMY OF SCIENCES JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.3892/wasj.2019.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elsaid
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Alaa Omran
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Heba Abd Elrhman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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16
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Madak-Erdogan Z, Band S, Zhao YC, Smith BP, Kulkoyluoglu-Cotul E, Zuo Q, Santaliz Casiano A, Wrobel K, Rossi G, Smith RL, Kim SH, Katzenellenbogen JA, Johnson ML, Patel M, Marino N, Storniolo AMV, Flaws JA. Free Fatty Acids Rewire Cancer Metabolism in Obesity-Associated Breast Cancer via Estrogen Receptor and mTOR Signaling. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2494-2510. [PMID: 30862719 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for postmenopausal estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive (ER+) breast cancer. Molecular mechanisms underlying factors from plasma that contribute to this risk and how these mechanisms affect ERα signaling have yet to be elucidated. To identify such mechanisms, we performed whole metabolite and protein profiling in plasma samples from women at high risk for breast cancer, which led us to focus on factors that were differentially present in plasma of obese versus nonobese postmenopausal women. These studies, combined with in vitro assays, identified free fatty acids (FFA) as circulating plasma factors that correlated with increased proliferation and aggressiveness in ER+ breast cancer cells. FFAs activated both the ERα and mTOR pathways and rewired metabolism in breast cancer cells. Pathway preferential estrogen-1 (PaPE-1), which targets ERα and mTOR signaling, was able to block changes induced by FFA and was more effective in the presence of FFA. Collectively, these data suggest a role for obesity-associated gene and metabolic rewiring in providing new targetable vulnerabilities for ER+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, they provide a basis for preclinical and clinical trials where the impact of agents that target ERα and mTOR signaling cross-talk would be tested to prevent ER+ breast cancers in obese postmenopausal women. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings show that obesity-associated changes in certain blood metabolites rewire metabolic programs in cancer cells, influence mammary epithelial cell tumorigenicity and aggressiveness, and increase breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois. .,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Shoham Band
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Yiru C Zhao
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Brandi P Smith
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Eylem Kulkoyluoglu-Cotul
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Qianying Zuo
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Ashlie Santaliz Casiano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Kinga Wrobel
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Gianluigi Rossi
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | | | - Mariah L Johnson
- Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Meera Patel
- Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Natascia Marino
- Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Anna Maria V Storniolo
- Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
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17
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Abstract
Somatic mutations in cancer cells may influence tumor growth, survival, or immune interactions in their microenvironment. The tumor necrosis factor receptor family member HVEM (TNFRSF14) is frequently mutated in cancers and has been attributed a tumor suppressive role in some cancer contexts. HVEM functions both as a ligand for the lymphocyte checkpoint proteins BTLA and CD160, and as a receptor that activates NF-κB signaling pathways in response to BTLA and CD160 and the TNF ligands LIGHT and LTα. BTLA functions to inhibit lymphocyte activation, but has also been ascribed a role in stimulating cell survival. CD160 functions to co-stimulate lymphocyte function, but has also been shown to activate inhibitory signaling in CD4+ T cells. Thus, the role of HVEM within diverse cancers and in regulating the immune responses to these tumors is likely context specific. Additionally, development of therapeutics that target proteins within this network of interacting proteins will require a deeper understanding of how these proteins function in a cancer-specific manner. However, the prominent role of the HVEM network in anti-cancer immune responses indicates a promising area for drug development.
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18
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Sun H, Xu J, Huang Q, Huang M, Li K, Qu K, Wen H, Lin R, Zheng M, Wei H, Xiao W, Sun R, Tian Z, Sun C. Reduced CD160 Expression Contributes to Impaired NK-cell Function and Poor Clinical Outcomes in Patients with HCC. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6581-6593. [PMID: 30232222 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
: We previously reported that deficiencies in natural killer (NK)-cell number and function play an important role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain obscure. In this study, we analyzed the expression of CD160 on intrahepatic NK cells by evaluating peritumoral and intratumoral tissues of 279 patients with HCC and 20 healthy livers. We observed reduced expression of CD160 on intratumoral NK cells, and patients with lower CD160 cell densities within tumors exhibited worse disease and a higher recurrence rate. High-resolution microarray and gene set enrichment analysis of flow cytometry-sorted primary intrahepatic CD160+ and CD160- NK cells of healthy livers indicated that human CD160+ NK cells exhibited functional activation, high IFNγ production, and NK-mediated immunity. In addition, global transcriptomic analysis of sorted peritumoral and intratumoral CD160+ NK cells revealed that intratumoral CD160+ NK cells are more exhausted than peritumoral CD160+ NK cells and produce less IFNγ. High levels of TGFβ1 interfered with production of IFNγ by CD160+ NK cells, blocking of which specifically restored IFNγ production in CD160+ NK cells to normal levels. These findings indicate that reduced numbers of CD160+ NK cells, together with the functional impairment of CD160+ NK cells by TGFβ1, contribute to tumor immune escape. In addition, restoring the expression of CD160 and blocking TGFβ1 appear a promising therapeutic strategy against liver cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings show that reduced number and function of CD160+ NK cells in the tumor microenvironment contributes to immune escape of HCC; blocking TGFβ1 restores IFNγ production of CD160+ NK cells.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/23/6581/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Sun
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Organ Transplant Center & Immunology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Organ Transplant Center & Immunology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Li
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Qu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Wen
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renyong Lin
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meijuan Zheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Weihua Xiao
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. .,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Cheng Sun
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. .,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Ting YS, Smith SABC, Brown DA, Dodds AJ, Fay KC, Ma DDF, Milliken S, Moore JJ, Sewell WA. CD200 is a useful diagnostic marker for identifying atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia by flow cytometry. Int J Lab Hematol 2018; 40:533-539. [PMID: 29806244 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry is routinely employed in distinguishing between chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Inclusion of CD200 has been reported to contribute to more reliable differentiation between CLL and MCL. We investigated the value of CD200 in assessment of atypical CLL cases. METHODS CD200 expression on mature B cell neoplasms was studied by eight-color flow cytometry in combination with a conventional panel of flow cytometry markers. The study included 70 control samples, 63 samples with CLL or atypical CLL phenotype, 6 MCL samples, and 40 samples of other mature B cell neoplasms. RESULTS All CLL samples were positive for CD200, whereas MCL samples were dim or negative for CD200. Of the CLL samples, 7 were atypical by conventional flow cytometry, with Matutes scores ≤3. These cases were tested for evidence of a t(11;14) translocation, characteristic of MCL, and all were negative, consistent with their classification as atypical CLL. All these atypical CLL samples were strongly positive for CD200. CONCLUSION CD200 proved to be a useful marker for differentiation between CLL and MCL by flow cytometry. In particular, CD200 was useful in distinguishing CLL samples with atypical immunophenotypes from MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Ting
- St Vincent's Pathology (SydPath), St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - S A B C Smith
- St Vincent's Pathology (SydPath), St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - D A Brown
- St Vincent's Pathology (SydPath), St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,NSW Health Pathology and ICPMR, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - A J Dodds
- St Vincent's Pathology (SydPath), St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Haematology Department, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - K C Fay
- St Vincent's Pathology (SydPath), St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Haematology Department, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - D D F Ma
- St Vincent's Pathology (SydPath), St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Haematology Department, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - S Milliken
- St Vincent's Pathology (SydPath), St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Haematology Department, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - J J Moore
- St Vincent's Pathology (SydPath), St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Haematology Department, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - W A Sewell
- St Vincent's Pathology (SydPath), St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
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20
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Sorigue M, Franch‐Sarto M, Sarrate E, Junca J. Usefulness of the CLLflow score. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2018; 94:950-952. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Sorigue
- Hematology LaboratoryICO‐Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research InstituteBadalona Spain
| | - Mireia Franch‐Sarto
- Hematology LaboratoryICO‐Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research InstituteBadalona Spain
| | - Edurne Sarrate
- Hematology LaboratoryICO‐Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research InstituteBadalona Spain
| | - Jordi Junca
- Hematology LaboratoryICO‐Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research InstituteBadalona Spain
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21
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Sorigue M, Sarrate E, Franch-Sarto M, Feliu E, Junca J. Consistency of the Moreau CLL score. J Clin Lab Anal 2017; 32:e22376. [PMID: 29282771 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Moreau score is essential for the diagnosis of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (B-LPD). METHODS We assessed the consistency of the Moreau score in a series of 138 patients with at least two samples involved by a B-LPD (316 samples) other than germinal center-derived malignancies, hairy cell leukemia, and mantle cell lymphomas. Patients with evidence of two distinct B-LPDs were also excluded. RESULTS We found 53 inconsistencies in 44 of 138 (32%) patients. FMC7 was the most inconsistent (18 cases) and CD5 the least (5 cases). CD200 was inconsistent in 6 of 67 (9%) cases. The most important predictive factor for the finding of antigenic inconsistencies was sampling of a different anatomic site. Other factors, including number of samples, time between samples, or cytogenetic group, were not predictive. For the most part, these inconsistencies did not appear to be clinically relevant. CONCLUSION Inconsistencies in the Moreau score are common, supporting the importance of integrated laboratory diagnosis. However, the practical implications of these antigenic inconsistencies are probably limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Sorigue
- Hematology Laboratory, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Edurne Sarrate
- Hematology Laboratory, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Mireia Franch-Sarto
- Hematology Laboratory, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Evarist Feliu
- Hematology Laboratory, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Jordi Junca
- Hematology Laboratory, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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22
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Miao Y, Cao L, Sun Q, Li XT, Wang Y, Qiao C, Wang L, Wang R, Qiu HR, Xu W, Li JY, Wu YJ, Fan L. Spectrum and immunophenotyping of 653 patients with B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders in China: A single-centre analysis. Hematol Oncol 2017; 36:121-127. [PMID: 28752619 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Miao
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Xiao-Tong Li
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Chun Qiao
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Hai-Rong Qiu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yu-Jie Wu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Hospital; Nanjing China
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23
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Śledzińska A, Menger L, Bergerhoff K, Peggs KS, Quezada SA. Negative immune checkpoints on T lymphocytes and their relevance to cancer immunotherapy. Mol Oncol 2015; 9:1936-65. [PMID: 26578451 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The term 'inhibitory checkpoint' refers to the broad spectrum of co-receptors expressed by T cells that negatively regulate T cell activation thus playing a crucial role in maintaining peripheral self-tolerance. Co-inhibitory receptor ligands are highly expressed by a variety of malignancies allowing evasion of anti-tumour immunity. Recent studies demonstrate that manipulation of these co-inhibitory pathways can remove the immunological brakes that impede endogenous immune responses against tumours. Antibodies that block the interactions between co-inhibitory receptors and their ligands have delivered very promising clinical responses, as has been shown by recent successful trials targeting the CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathways. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of action and expression pattern of co-inhibitory receptors on different T cells subsets, emphasising differences between CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. We also summarise recent clinical findings utilising immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Śledzińska
- Cancer Immunology Unit, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | - Laurie Menger
- Cancer Immunology Unit, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | | | - Karl S Peggs
- Cancer Immunology Unit, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK.
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24
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Turnis ME, Andrews LP, Vignali DAA. Inhibitory receptors as targets for cancer immunotherapy. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:1892-905. [PMID: 26018646 PMCID: PMC4549156 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201344413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory receptors expressed on T cells control immune responses while limiting autoimmunity. However, tumors can hijack these "checkpoints" for protection from immune attack. Tumor-specific T cells that exhibit an exhausted, unresponsive phenotype express high levels of inhibitory receptors including CTLA4, PD1, and LAG3, among others. Intratumoral regulatory T cells promote immunosuppression and also express multiple inhibitory receptors. Overcoming this inhibitory receptor-mediated immune tolerance has thus been a major focus of recent cancer immunotherapeutic developments. Here, we review how boosting the host's immune system by blocking inhibitory receptor signaling with antagonistic mAbs restores the capacity of T cells to drive durable antitumor immune responses. Clinical trials targeting the CTLA4 and PD1 pathways have shown durable effects in multiple tumor types. Many combinatorial therapies are currently being investigated with encouraging results that highlight enhanced antitumor immunogenicity and improved patient survival. Finally, we will discuss the ongoing identification and dissection of novel T-cell inhibitory receptor pathways, which could lead to the development of new combinatorial therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E Turnis
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Dario A A Vignali
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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25
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Li D, Wang C, Shan W, Zeng R, Fang Y, Wang P. Human amnion tissue injected with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells repairs damaged sciatic nerves in rats. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:1771-8. [PMID: 25624800 PMCID: PMC4302525 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.23.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, incorporated into an amnion carrier tubes, were assessed for nerve regeneration potential in a rat nerve defect model. Damaged nerves were exposed to human amnion carriers containing either human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (cell transplantation group) or saline (control group). At 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks after cell implantation, the sciatic functional index was higher in the cell transplantation group compared with the control group. Furthermore, electrophysiological examination showed that threshold stimulus and maximum stimulus intensity gradually decreased while compound action potential amplitude gradually increased. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that regenerating nerve fibers were arranged in nerve tracts in the cell transplantation group and connective tissue between nerve tracts and amnion tissue reduced over time. Gastrocnemius muscle cell diameter, wet weight and restoration ratio were increased. These data indicate that transplanted human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, using the amnion tube connection method, promote restoration of damaged sciatic nerves in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Li
- Department of Anatomy, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Changhui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fushun Second Hospital, Fushun 113001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Shan
- Department of Anatomy, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ruixia Zeng
- Department of Anatomy, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Anatomy, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
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26
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Farren TW, Giustiniani J, Fanous M, Liu F, Macey MG, Wright F, Prentice A, Nathwani A, Agrawal SG. Minimal residual disease detection with tumor-specific CD160 correlates with event-free survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood Cancer J 2015; 5:e273. [PMID: 25615279 PMCID: PMC4314455 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2014.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) correlates with outcome in the trial setting. However, MRD assessment does not guide routine clinical management and its assessment remains complex. We incorporated detection of the B cell, tumor-specific antigen CD160 to develop a single-tube, flow cytometry assay (CD160FCA) for CLL MRD to a threshold of 10−4 to 10−5. One hundred and eighty-seven patients treated for CLL were enrolled. Utilizing the CD160FCA methodology, there was a high level of comparison between blood and bone marrow (R=0.87, P<0.001). In a validation cohort, CD160FCA and the international standardised approach of the European Research Initiative on CLL group demonstrated high concordance (R=0.91, P<0.01). Patients in complete remission (CR) and CD160FCA negative had longer event-free survival (EFS) (63 vs 16 months, P<0.01) and prolonged time to next treatment (60 vs 15 months, P<0.001) vs MRD positive patients; with a median time to MRD positivity of 36 months. In multivariate analysis, CD160FCA MRD detection was independently predictive of EFS in patients in CR and even predicted EFS in the good-risk cytogenetic subgroup. CD160FCA offers a simple assay for MRD detection in CLL and gives prognostic information across different CLL risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Farren
- 1] Department of Haemato-Oncology and Immunophenotyping Section, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK [2] Pathology Group, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - J Giustiniani
- Laboratoire de Thérapie Cellulaire, Institut Jean Godinot, 1 Avenue du Général Koenig, Reims, France
| | - M Fanous
- Pathology Group, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - F Liu
- Pathology Group, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - M G Macey
- Department of Haemato-Oncology and Immunophenotyping Section, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - F Wright
- Department of Haematology, The Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Prentice
- Department of Haematology, The Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Nathwani
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - S G Agrawal
- 1] Department of Haemato-Oncology and Immunophenotyping Section, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK [2] Pathology Group, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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27
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Šedý J, Bekiaris V, Ware CF. Tumor necrosis factor superfamily in innate immunity and inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2014; 7:a016279. [PMID: 25524549 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a016279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) and its corresponding receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) form communication pathways required for developmental, homeostatic, and stimulus-responsive processes in vivo. Although this receptor-ligand system operates between many different cell types and organ systems, many of these proteins play specific roles in immune system function. The TNFSF and TNFRSF proteins lymphotoxins, LIGHT (homologous to lymphotoxins, exhibits inducible expression, and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for herpes virus entry mediator [HVEM], a receptor expressed by T lymphocytes), lymphotoxin-β receptor (LT-βR), and HVEM are used by embryonic and adult innate lymphocytes to promote the development and homeostasis of lymphoid organs. Lymphotoxin-expressing innate-acting B cells construct microenvironments in lymphoid organs that restrict pathogen spread and initiate interferon defenses. Recent results illustrate how the communication networks formed among these cytokines and the coreceptors B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) and CD160 both inhibit and activate innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), innate γδ T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Understanding the role of TNFSF/TNFRSF and interacting proteins in innate cells will likely reveal avenues for future therapeutics for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Šedý
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Vasileios Bekiaris
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Carl F Ware
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
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28
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Lesesve JF, Tardy S, Frotscher B, Latger-Cannard V, Feugier P, De Carvalho Bittencourt M. Combination of CD160 and CD200 as a useful tool for differential diagnosis between chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other mature B-cell neoplasms. Int J Lab Hematol 2014; 37:486-94. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.-F. Lesesve
- Laboratory of Hematology; University Hospital; Nancy France
| | - S. Tardy
- Laboratory of Hematology; University Hospital; Nancy France
- Department of Hematology; University Hospital; Nancy France
| | - B. Frotscher
- Laboratory of Hematology; University Hospital; Nancy France
| | | | - P. Feugier
- Department of Hematology; University Hospital; Nancy France
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29
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Zhang X(M, Aguilera N. New Immunohistochemistry for B-Cell Lymphoma and Hodgkin Lymphoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2014; 138:1666-72. [DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2014-0058-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Context
B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative malignancies with different clinical behaviors and treatments. It is important to differentiate individual B-cell lymphoma to apply the best treatment and management. Morphology and immunohistochemistry are the primary tools used for diagnosing lymphoma. There is a characteristic pattern of expression with immunohistochemical antibodies in most well-defined B-cell lymphomas. Some cases of B-cell lymphoma, however, show unusual morphologic and immunophenotypic features. The new and sometimes more specific antibodies have been developed recently, which may further define those lymphomas. Only with use of the antibodies over time does their true nature and specificity become evident.
Objectives
To present new antibodies for B-cell lymphoma that enhance the probability for diagnosis or can act as alternate markers in unusual cases, in which a B-cell lymphoma does not present with characteristic immunohistochemical staining, and to present prognostic markers that allow for better management of patients with specific B-cell lymphomas.
Data Sources
Data were obtained from literature review and figures from slides in personal practice.
Conclusions
The immunohistochemical antibodies presented in this article increase our ability to understand, diagnosis, and manage patients with B-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong (Mary) Zhang
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Laboratories, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania (Dr Zhang)
| | - Nadine Aguilera
- and the Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville (Dr Aguilera)
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30
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Zhang ZH, Chen S, Chen S, Liu Y, Qu JH. High levels of CD160 expression up-regulated counts of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and were associated with other clinical parameters in Chinese patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 56:529-32. [PMID: 24882258 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.926345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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31
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Li P, Harris D, Liu Z, Rozovski U, Ferrajoli A, Wang Y, Bueso-Ramos C, Hazan-Halevy I, Grgurevic S, Wierda W, Burger J, O'Brien S, Faderl S, Keating M, Estrov Z. STAT3-activated GM-CSFRα translocates to the nucleus and protects CLL cells from apoptosis. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 12:1267-82. [PMID: 24836891 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-13-0652-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Here, it was determined that chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells express the α subunit, but not the β subunit, of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (GM-CSFR/CSF2R). GM-CSFRα was detected on the surface, in the cytosol, and in the nucleus of CLL cells via confocal microscopy, cell fractionation, and GM-CSFRα antibody epitope mapping. Because STAT3 is frequently activated in CLL and the GM-CSFRα promoter harbors putative STAT3 consensus binding sites, MM1 cells were transfected with truncated forms of the GM-CSFRα promoter, then stimulated with IL6 to activate STAT3 and to identify STAT3-binding sites. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and an electoromobility shift assay (EMSA) confirmed STAT3 occupancy to those promoter regions in both IL6-stimulated MM1 and CLL cells. Transfection of MM1 cells with STAT3-siRNA or CLL cells with STAT3-shRNA significantly downregulated GM-CSFRα mRNA and protein levels. RNA transcripts, involved in regulating cell survival pathways, and the proteins KAP1 (TRIM28) and ISG15 coimmunoprecipitated with GM-CSFRα. GM-CSFRα-bound KAP1 enhanced the transcriptional activity of STAT3, whereas GM-CSFRα-bound ISG15 inhibited the NF-κB pathway. Nevertheless, overexpression of GM-CSFRα protected MM1 cells from dexamethasone-induced apoptosis, and GM-CSFRα knockdown induced apoptosis in CLL cells, suggesting that GM-CSFRα provides a ligand-independent survival advantage. IMPLICATIONS Constitutively, activation of STAT3 induces the expression of GM-CSFRα that protects CLL cells from apoptosis, suggesting that inhibition of STAT3 or GM-CSFRα may benefit patients with CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Bueso-Ramos
- Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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32
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Bjordahl RL, Steidl C, Gascoyne RD, Ware CF. Lymphotoxin network pathways shape the tumor microenvironment. Curr Opin Immunol 2013; 25:222-9. [PMID: 23339845 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that Lymphotoxin (LT)-β related cytokines directly contribute to the phenotype of cancer cells and alter the tumor microenvironment. Lymphotoxins are part of a cytokine network well known in controlling the development and homeostasis of secondary lymphoid organs. In the adult, the LT network takes on the responsibility of generating inflammatory microenvironments that control innate and adaptive immune responses involved in host defense. This review provides a perspective of the emerging evidence implicating the LT Network in the development and progression of various cancers including lymphoma. Redirecting the LT Network to alter tumor microenvironments may provide a specific approach to therapeutically target tumor-permissive microenvironments and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L Bjordahl
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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33
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Van Damme M, Crompot E, Meuleman N, Mineur P, Bron D, Lagneaux L, Stamatopoulos B. HDAC isoenzyme expression is deregulated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cells and has a complex prognostic significance. Epigenetics 2012; 7:1403-12. [PMID: 23108383 DOI: 10.4161/epi.22674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a crucial role in chromatin structure and, consequently, gene expression. Their deregulation has been reported in various cancers. We performed a complete and comprehensive study of the expression of 18 HDACs (including Sirtuin; SIRT) by real-time PCR in a cohort of 200 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with a median follow-up of 77 mo, and compared it with the results obtained from normal B cells. We also compared HDAC expression at diagnosis and after relapse. We observed significant deregulation (mostly upregulation) of HDACs in CLL. In terms of clinical significance, only HDAC6 was significantly correlated with treatment-free survival (TFS), whereas HDAC3 and SIRT2, 3 and 6 were correlated with overall survival (OS). A multivariate Cox regression stepwise analysis indicated that HDAC6, 7 and 10 and SIRT3 were TFS independent predictors. Interestingly, poor prognosis was associated with an overexpression of HDAC7 and 10 but an underexpression of HDAC6 and SIRT3. Therefore, these factors were combined in a TFS score: patients with a score of 0-1-2, 3 and 4 had a median TFS of 107, 57 and 26 mo, respectively (HR = 4.03, p < 0.0001). For OS, SIRT5 and 6 allowed stratification into 3 groups, with a median OS of > 360, 237 and 94 mo (HR = 6.38, p < 0.0001). However, we could not find statistical differences in HDAC expression after relapse. These results, validated by a 5-fold cross-validation, highlight the complex impact of HDAC expression in CLL clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Van Damme
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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34
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Pasero C, Speiser DE, Derré L, Olive D. The HVEM network: new directions in targeting novel costimulatory/co-inhibitory molecules for cancer therapy. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2012; 12:478-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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35
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Targeting costimulatory molecules to improve antitumor immunity. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:926321. [PMID: 22500111 PMCID: PMC3303883 DOI: 10.1155/2012/926321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The full activation of T cells necessitates the concomitant activation of two signals, the engagement of T-cell receptor by peptide/major histocompatibility complex II and an additional signal delivered by costimulatory molecules. The best characterized costimulatory molecules belong to B7/CD28 and TNF/TNFR families and play crucial roles in the modulation of immune response and improvement of antitumor immunity. Unfortunately, tumors often generate an immunosuppressive microenvironment, where T-cell response is attenuated by the lack of costimulatory molecules on the surface of cancer cells. Thus, targeting costimulatory pathways represent an attractive therapeutic strategy to enhance the antitumor immunity in several human cancers. Here, latest therapeutic approaches targeting costimulatory molecules will be described.
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36
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Steinberg M, Cheung TC, Ware CF. The signaling networks of the herpesvirus entry mediator (TNFRSF14) in immune regulation. Immunol Rev 2011; 244:169-87. [PMID: 22017438 PMCID: PMC3381650 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2011.01064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily member herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) (TNFRSF14) regulates T-cell immune responses by activating both inflammatory and inhibitory signaling pathways. HVEM acts as both a receptor for the canonical TNF-related ligands, LIGHT [lymphotoxin-like, exhibits inducible expression, and competes with herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D for HVEM, a receptor expressed on T lymphocytes] and lymphotoxin-α, and as a ligand for the immunoglobulin superfamily proteins BTLA (B and T lymphocyte attenuator) and CD160, a feature distinguishing HVEM from other immune regulatory molecules. The ability of HVEM to interact with multiple ligands in distinct configurations creates a functionally diverse set of intrinsic and bidirectional signaling pathways that control both inflammatory and inhibitory responses. The HVEM system is integrated into the larger LTβR and TNFR network through extensive shared ligand and receptor usage. Experimental mouse models and human diseases indicate that dysregulation of HVEM network may contribute to autoimmune pathogenesis, making it an attractive target for drug intervention.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Autoimmunity
- GPI-Linked Proteins/genetics
- GPI-Linked Proteins/immunology
- GPI-Linked Proteins/metabolism
- Gene Expression/immunology
- Herpes Simplex/immunology
- Herpes Simplex/metabolism
- Herpes Simplex/virology
- Herpesvirus 1, Human/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphotoxin beta Receptor/genetics
- Lymphotoxin beta Receptor/immunology
- Lymphotoxin beta Receptor/metabolism
- Lymphotoxin-alpha/genetics
- Lymphotoxin-alpha/immunology
- Lymphotoxin-alpha/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Protein Binding/immunology
- Receptor Cross-Talk/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology
- Viral Envelope Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carl F. Ware
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Sanford|Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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