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Jin X, Ding Y, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou Z, Liu X, Li M, Chen X, Shen A, Wu Y, Liu B, Zhang J, Li J, Yang Y, Qiu H, Shen C, He Y, Zhao G. Screening HLA-A-restricted T cell epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 and the induction of CD8 + T cell responses in HLA-A transgenic mice. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2588-2608. [PMID: 34728796 PMCID: PMC8561351 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00784-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Since severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cells have been found to play essential roles in host immune protection and pathology in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), this study focused on the functional validation of T cell epitopes and the development of vaccines that induce specific T cell responses. A total of 120 CD8+ T cell epitopes from the E, M, N, S, and RdRp proteins were functionally validated. Among these, 110, 15, 6, 14, and 12 epitopes were highly homologous with SARS-CoV, OC43, NL63, HKU1, and 229E, respectively; in addition, four epitopes from the S protein displayed one amino acid that was distinct from the current SARS-CoV-2 variants. Then, 31 epitopes restricted by the HLA-A2 molecule were used to generate peptide cocktail vaccines in combination with Poly(I:C), R848 or poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles, and these vaccines elicited robust and specific CD8+ T cell responses in HLA-A2/DR1 transgenic mice as well as wild-type mice. In contrast to previous research, this study established a modified DC-peptide-PBL cell coculture system using healthy donor PBMCs to validate the in silico predicted epitopes, provided an epitope library restricted by nine of the most prevalent HLA-A allotypes covering broad Asian populations, and identified the HLA-A restrictions of these validated epitopes using competitive peptide binding experiments with HMy2.CIR cell lines expressing the indicated HLA-A allotype, which initially confirmed the in vivo feasibility of 9- or 10-mer peptide cocktail vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. These data will facilitate the design and development of vaccines that induce antiviral CD8+ T cell responses in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shihui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zining Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaotao Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Blood Component Preparation Section, Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Blood Component Preparation Section, Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anran Shen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yandan Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bicheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianqiong Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Li
- Life Science & Technology School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haibo Qiu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanlai Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuxian He
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Guangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.
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Jin X, Liu X, Zhou Z, Ding Y, Wu Y, Qiu J, Shen C. Identification of HLA-A2 restricted epitopes of glypican-3 and induction of CTL responses in HLA-A2 transgenic mice. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:1569-1582. [PMID: 34724090 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high mortality, but lacks effective treatments. Carcinoembryonic antigen glypican-3 (GPC3) is a tumor-associated antigen overexpressed in HCC but rarely expressed in healthy individuals and thus is one of the most promising therapeutic targets. T cell epitope-based vaccines may bring light to HCC patients, especially to the patients at a late stage. However, few epitopes from GPC3 were identified to date, which limited the application of GPC3-derived epitopes in immunotherapy and T cell function detection. In this study, a total of 25 HLA-A0201 restricted GPC3 epitopes were in silico predicted and selected as candidate epitopes. Then, HLA-A0201+/GPC3+ HCC patients' PBMCs were collected and co-stimulated with the candidate epitope peptides in ex vivo IFN-γ Elispot assay, by which five epitopes were identified as real-world epitopes. Their capacity to elicit specific CD8+ T cells activation and proliferation was further confirmed by in vitro co-cultures of patients' PBMCs with peptide, in vitro co-cultures of healthy donors' PBLs with DCs and peptide, T2 cell binding assay as well as HLA-A2 molecule stability assay. Moreover, the in vivo immunogenicity of the five validated epitopes was confirmed by peptides cocktail/poly(I:C) vaccination in HLA-A0201/DR1 transgenic mice. Robust epitope-specific CD8+ T cell responses and cytotoxicity targeting HepG2 cells were observed as detected by IFN-γ Elispot, intracellular IFN-γ staining and cytolysis assay. This study provided novel GPC3 CTL epitopes for the development of T cell epitope vaccines and evaluation of GPC3 specific T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaotao Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zining Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yandan Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Qiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing Affiliated To Southeast University, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chuanlai Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Multiantigenic Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Vaccine Vectors To Elicit Potent Humoral and Cellular Immune Reponses against Human Cytomegalovirus in Mice. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.01012-18. [PMID: 30045984 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01012-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common cause of disease in newborns and transplant recipients, developing an HCMV vaccine is considered a major public health priority. Yet an HCMV vaccine candidate remains elusive. Although the precise HCMV immune correlates of protection are unclear, both humoral and cellular immune responses have been implicated in protection against HCMV infection and disease. Here we describe a vaccine approach based on the well-characterized modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector to stimulate robust HCMV humoral and cellular immune responses by an antigen combination composed of the envelope pentamer complex (PC), glycoprotein B (gB), and phosphoprotein 65 (pp65). We show that in mice, multiantigenic MVA vaccine vectors simultaneously expressing all five PC subunits, gB, and pp65 elicit potent complement-independent and complement-dependent HCMV neutralizing antibodies as well as mouse and human MHC-restricted, polyfunctional T cell responses by the individual antigens. In addition, we demonstrate that the PC/gB antigen combination of these multiantigenic MVA vectors can enhance the stimulation of humoral immune responses that mediate in vitro neutralization of different HCMV strains and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. These results support the use of MVA to develop a multiantigenic vaccine candidate for controlling HCMV infection and disease in different target populations, such as pregnant women and transplant recipients.IMPORTANCE The development of a human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) vaccine to prevent congenital disease and transplantation-related complications is an unmet medical need. While many HCMV vaccine candidates have been developed, partial success in preventing or controlling HCMV infection in women of childbearing age and transplant recipients has been observed with an approach based on envelope glycoprotein B (gB). We introduce a novel vaccine strategy based on the clinically deployable modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vaccine vector to elicit potent humoral and cellular immune responses by multiple immunodominant HCMV antigens, including gB, phosphoprotein 65, and all five subunits of the pentamer complex. These findings could contribute to development of a multiantigenic vaccine strategy that may afford more protection against HCMV infection and disease than a vaccine approach employing solely gB.
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Alatrash G, Perakis AA, Kerros C, Peters HL, Sukhumalchandra P, Zhang M, Jakher H, Zope M, Patenia R, Sergeeva A, Yi S, Young KH, Philips AV, Cernosek AM, Garber HR, Qiao N, Weng J, St John LS, Lu S, Clise-Dwyer K, Mittendorf EA, Ma Q, Molldrem JJ. Targeting the Leukemia Antigen PR1 with Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:3386-3396. [PMID: 29661776 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: PR1 is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 nonameric peptide derived from neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (P3). We have previously shown that PR1 is cross-presented by solid tumors, leukemia, and antigen-presenting cells, including B cells. We have also shown that cross-presentation of PR1 by solid tumors renders them susceptible to killing by PR1-targeting immunotherapies. As multiple myeloma is derived from B cells, we investigated whether multiple myeloma is also capable of PR1 cross-presentation and subsequently capable of being targeted by using PR1 immunotherapies.Experimental Design: We tested whether multiple myeloma is capable of cross-presenting PR1 and subsequently becomes susceptible to PR1-targeting immunotherapies, using multiple myeloma cell lines, a xenograft mouse model, and primary multiple myeloma patient samples.Results: Here we show that multiple myeloma cells lack endogenous NE and P3, are able to take up exogenous NE and P3, and cross-present PR1 on HLA-A2. Cross-presentation by multiple myeloma utilizes the conventional antigen processing machinery, including the proteasome and Golgi, and is not affected by immunomodulating drugs (IMiD). Following PR1 cross-presentation, we are able to target multiple myeloma with PR1-CTL and anti-PR1/HLA-A2 antibody both in vitro and in vivoConclusions: Collectively, our data demonstrate that PR1 is a novel tumor-associated antigen target in multiple myeloma and that multiple myeloma is susceptible to immunotherapies that target cross-presented antigens. Clin Cancer Res; 24(14); 3386-96. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheath Alatrash
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Alexander A Perakis
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Celine Kerros
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Haley L Peters
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pariya Sukhumalchandra
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Haroon Jakher
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Madhushree Zope
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rebecca Patenia
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anna Sergeeva
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Shuhua Yi
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anne V Philips
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Amanda M Cernosek
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Haven R Garber
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Na Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jinsheng Weng
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lisa S St John
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sijie Lu
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Karen Clise-Dwyer
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth A Mittendorf
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeffrey J Molldrem
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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5
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Bieling M, Tischer S, Kalinke U, Blasczyk R, Buus S, Maecker-Kolhoff B, Eiz-Vesper B. Personalized adoptive immunotherapy for patients with EBV-associated tumors and complications: Evaluation of novel naturally processed and presented EBV-derived T-cell epitopes. Oncotarget 2017; 9:4737-4757. [PMID: 29435138 PMCID: PMC5797009 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Morbidity and mortality of immunocompromised patients are increased by primary infection with or reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), possibly triggering EBV+ post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). Adoptive transfer of EBV-specific cytotoxic T cells (EBV-CTLs) promises a non-toxic immunotherapy to effectively prevent or treat these complications. To improve immunotherapy and immunomonitoring this study aimed at identifying and evaluating naturally processed and presented HLA-A*03:01-restricted EBV-CTL epitopes as immunodominant targets. More than 15000 peptides were sequenced from EBV-immortalized B cells transduced with soluble HLA-A*03:01, sorted using different epitope prediction tools and eleven candidates were preselected. T2 and Flex-T peptide-binding and dissociation assays confirmed the stability of peptide-MHC complexes. Their immunogenicity and clinical relevance were evaluated by assessing the frequencies and functionality of EBV-CTLs in healthy donors (n > 10) and EBV+ PTLD-patients (n = 5) by multimer staining, Eli- and FluoroSpot assays. All eleven peptides elicited EBV-CTL responses in the donors. Their clinical applicability was determined by small-scale T-cell enrichment using Cytokine Secretion Assay and immunophenotyping. Mixtures of these peptides when added to the EBV Consensus pool revealed enhanced stimulation and enrichment efficacy. These EBV-specific epitopes broadening the repertoire of known targets will improve manufacturing of clinically applicable EBV-CTLs and monitoring of EBV-specific T-cell responses in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Bieling
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hanover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB-Tx), MHH, Hanover, Germany
| | - Sabine Tischer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hanover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB-Tx), MHH, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Division of Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre of Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, MHH, Hanover, Germany
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hanover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB-Tx), MHH, Hanover, Germany
| | - Søren Buus
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Britta Maecker-Kolhoff
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB-Tx), MHH, Hanover, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, MHH, Hanover, Germany
| | - Britta Eiz-Vesper
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hanover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB-Tx), MHH, Hanover, Germany
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6
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Immuno-informatics based approaches to identify CD8+ T cell epitopes within the Leishmania donovani 3-ectonucleotidase in cured visceral leishmaniasis subjects. Microbes Infect 2017; 19:358-369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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7
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Sergeeva A, He H, Ruisaard K, St John L, Alatrash G, Clise-Dwyer K, Li D, Patenia R, Hong R, Sukhumalchandra P, You MJ, Gagea M, Ma Q, Molldrem JJ. Activity of 8F4, a T-cell receptor-like anti-PR1/HLA-A2 antibody, against primary human AML in vivo. Leukemia 2016; 30:1475-84. [PMID: 27055866 PMCID: PMC4935597 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The PR1 peptide, derived from the leukemia-associated antigens proteinase 3 and neutrophil elastase, is overexpressed on HLA-A2 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We developed a high affinity T cell receptor-like murine monoclonal antibody, 8F4, which binds to the PR1/HLA-A2 complex, mediates lysis of AML, and inhibits leukemia colony formation. Here, we explored whether 8F4 was active in vivo against chemotherapy-resistant AML, including secondary AML. In a screening model, co-incubation of AML with 8F4 ex vivo prevented engraftment of all tested AML subtypes in immunodeficient NSG mice. In a treatment model of established human AML, administration of 8F4 significantly reduced or eliminated AML xenografts and extended survival compared with isotype antibody-treated mice. Moreover, in secondary transfer experiments, mice inoculated with bone marrow from 8F4-treated mice showed no evidence of AML engraftment, supporting possible activity of 8F4 against the subset of AML with self-renewing potential. Our data provide evidence that 8F4 antibody is highly active in AML, including chemotherapy-resistant disease, supporting its potential use as a therapeutic agent in patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sergeeva
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H He
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K Ruisaard
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L St John
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Alatrash
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K Clise-Dwyer
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D Li
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Patenia
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Hong
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P Sukhumalchandra
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M J You
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Gagea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Q Ma
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J J Molldrem
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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8
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Complementation of antigen-presenting cells to generate T lymphocytes with broad target specificity. J Immunother 2014; 37:193-203. [PMID: 24714353 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Antigen-specific T cells provide a therapy for cancer that is highly specific, self-replicating, and potentially devoid of toxicity. Ideally, tumor-specific T cells should recognize multiple epitopes on multiple antigens to prevent tumor immune escape. However the large-scale expansion of such broad-spectrum T cells has been limited by the availability of potent autologous antigen-presenting cells that can present antigens on the polymorphic array of each patient's HLA allotype. We evaluated a novel antigen-presenting complex (KATpx) in which antigens in the form of peptide libraries can be presented by autologous activated T cells, whereas costimulation is complemented in trans by an HLA-negative K562 cell line genetically modified to express CD80, CD83, CD86, and 4-1BBL (K562cs). The additional costimulation provided by K562cs significantly enhanced T-cell expansion in culture over autologous activated T cells alone while maintaining antigen specificity. We validated this antigen-presenting system by generating Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigen-specific T cells from healthy donors and from patients with EBV-positive malignancies including nasopharyngeal carcinoma and multiply relapsed EBV-positive lymphoma. These T cells were specific for EBNA1, LMP1, and LMP2, the viral antigens expressed in these type 2 latency EBV-associated malignancies. The KATpx system consistently activated and expanded antigen-specific T cells both from healthy donors and from 5 of 6 patients with lymphoma and 6 of 6 with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while simplifying the process for generating APCs by eliminating the need for live virus (EBV) or viral vectors to force expression of transgenic EBV antigens. Hence, KATpx provides a robust, reliable, and scalable process to expand tumor-directed T cells for the treatment of virus-associated cancers.
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9
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Zilberberg J, Feinman R, Korngold R. Strategies for the identification of T cell-recognized tumor antigens in hematological malignancies for improved graft-versus-tumor responses after allogeneic blood and marrow transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014; 21:1000-7. [PMID: 25459643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic blood and marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) is an effective immunotherapeutic treatment that can provide partial or complete remission for patients with hematological malignancies. Mature donor T cells in the donor inoculum play a central role in mediating graft-versus-tumor (GVT) responses by destroying residual tumor cells that persist after conditioning regimens. Alloreactivity towards minor histocompatibility antigens (miHA), which are varied tissue-related self-peptides presented in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on recipient cells, some of which may be shared on tumor cells, is a dominant factor for the development of GVT. Potentially, GVT can also be directed to tumor-associated antigens or tumor-specific antigens that are more specific to the tumor cells themselves. The full exploitation of allo-BMT, however, is greatly limited by the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which is mediated by the donor T cell response against the miHA expressed in the recipient's cells of the intestine, skin, and liver. Because of the significance of GVT and GVHD responses in determining the clinical outcome of patients, miHA and tumor antigens have been intensively studied, and one active immunotherapeutic approach to separate these two responses has been cancer vaccination after allo-BMT. The combination of these two strategies has an advantage over vaccination of the patient without allo-BMT because his or her immune system has already been exposed and rendered unresponsive to the tumor antigens. The conditioning for allo-BMT eliminates the patient's existing immune system, including regulatory elements, and provides a more permissive environment for the newly developing donor immune compartment to selectively target the malignant cells. Utilizing recent technological advances, the identities of many human miHA and tumor antigenic peptides have been defined and are currently being evaluated in clinical and basic immunological studies for their ability to produce effective T cell responses. The first step towards this goal is the identification of targetable tumor antigens. In this review, we will highlight some of the technologies currently used to identify tumor antigens and anti-tumor T cell clones in hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Zilberberg
- Research Department and John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey.
| | - Rena Feinman
- Research Department and John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey
| | - Robert Korngold
- Research Department and John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey
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10
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Ex vivo detection of CD8 T cells specific for H-Y minor histocompatibility antigens in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Transpl Immunol 2014; 30:128-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Akram A, Inman RD. Co-expression of HLA-B7 and HLA-B27 alleles is associated with B7-restricted immunodominant responses following influenza infection. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:3254-67. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akram
- Division of Genetics and Development; Toronto Western Research Institute; Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Immunology; Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Medical Sciences; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Robert D. Inman
- Department of Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
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Weber G, Gerdemann U, Caruana I, Savoldo B, Hensel NF, Rabin KR, Shpall EJ, Melenhorst JJ, Leen AM, Barrett AJ, Bollard CM. Generation of multi-leukemia antigen-specific T cells to enhance the graft-versus-leukemia effect after allogeneic stem cell transplant. Leukemia 2013; 27:1538-47. [PMID: 23528871 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy with ex vivo expanded T cells is a promising approach to prevent or treat leukemia. Myeloid leukemias express tumor-associated antigens (TAA) that induce antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in healthy individuals. We explored the feasibility of generating TAA-specific CTLs from stem cell donors of patients with myeloid leukemia to enhance the graft-versus-leukemia effect after stem cell transplantation. CTL lines were manufactured from peripheral blood of 10 healthy donors by stimulation with 15mer peptide libraries of five TAA (proteinase 3 (Pr3), preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma, Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1), human neutrophil elastase (NE) and melanoma-associated antigen A3) known to be expressed in myeloid leukemias. All CTL lines responded to the mix of five TAA and were multi-specific as assessed by interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot. Although donors showed individual patterns of antigen recognition, all responded comparably to the TAAmix. Immunogenic peptides of WT1, Pr3 or NE could be identified by epitope mapping in all donor CTL lines. In vitro experiments showed recognition of partially human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched myeloid leukemia blasts. These findings support the development of a single clinical grade multi-tumor antigen-specific T-cell product from the stem cell source, capable of broad reactivity against myeloid malignancies for use in donor-recipient pairs without limitation to a certain HLA-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Weber
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, The Methodist Hospital and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Adoptive transfer of Mammaglobin-A epitope specific CD8 T cells combined with a single low dose of total body irradiation eradicates breast tumors. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41240. [PMID: 22911764 PMCID: PMC3401129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapy has proven to be beneficial in a number of tumor systems by targeting the relevant tumor antigen. The tumor antigen targeted in our model is Mammaglobin-A, expressed by approximately 80% of human breast tumors. Here we evaluated the use of adoptively transferred Mammaglobin-A specific CD8 T cells in combination with low dose irradiation to induce breast tumor rejection and prevent relapse. We show Mammaglobin-A specific CD8 T cells generated by DNA vaccination with all epitopes (Mammaglobin-A2.1, A2.2, A2.4 and A2.6) and full-length DNA in vivo resulted in heterogeneous T cell populations consisting of both effector and central memory CD8 T cell subsets. Adoptive transfer of spleen cells from all Mammaglobin-A2 immunized mice into tumor-bearing SCID/beige mice induced tumor regression but this anti-tumor response was not sustained long-term. Additionally, we demonstrate that only the adoptive transfer of Mammaglobin-A2 specific CD8 T cells in combination with a single low dose of irradiation prevents tumors from recurring. More importantly we show that this single dose of irradiation results in the down regulation of the macrophage scavenger receptor 1 on dendritic cells within the tumor and reduces lipid uptake by tumor resident dendritic cells potentially enabling the dendritic cells to present tumor antigen more efficiently and aid in tumor clearance. These data reveal the potential for adoptive transfer combined with a single low dose of total body irradiation as a suitable therapy for the treatment of established breast tumors and the prevention of tumor recurrence.
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